CN108320420B - Double-parameter OTDR perimeter safety monitoring system - Google Patents

Double-parameter OTDR perimeter safety monitoring system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108320420B
CN108320420B CN201810139618.4A CN201810139618A CN108320420B CN 108320420 B CN108320420 B CN 108320420B CN 201810139618 A CN201810139618 A CN 201810139618A CN 108320420 B CN108320420 B CN 108320420B
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otdr
optical cable
circulator
detection optical
phi
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CN108320420A (en
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吴宇
彭飞
曹绪力
赵雅昕
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Chengdu Dianke Guangyan Technology Co ltd
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Chengdu Dianke Guangyan Technology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/02Mechanical actuation
    • G08B13/12Mechanical actuation by the breaking or disturbance of stretched cords or wires
    • G08B13/122Mechanical actuation by the breaking or disturbance of stretched cords or wires for a perimeter fence
    • G08B13/124Mechanical actuation by the breaking or disturbance of stretched cords or wires for a perimeter fence with the breaking or disturbance being optically detected, e.g. optical fibers in the perimeter fence
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/185Signal analysis techniques for reducing or preventing false alarms or for enhancing the reliability of the system
    • G08B29/188Data fusion; cooperative systems, e.g. voting among different detectors

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-parameter OTDR perimeter safety monitoring system, belonging to the field of perimeter safety detection; the system comprises a monitoring terminal, wherein the monitoring terminal respectively inputs synchronously generated modulation signals into a P-OTDR system and a phi-OTDR system, the P-OTDR system and the phi-OTDR system return collected signals to the monitoring terminal for data analysis of two dimensions of time and space and output alarm results, and synchronous modulation signals are adopted, so that when the detection optical cable A applied to the P-OTDR system and the detection optical cable B applied to the phi-OTDR system monitor perimeter intrusion behaviors, the detection optical cables A and the detection optical cables B can be in complete one-to-one correspondence in time and space, the two optical cable collection signals are positioned at the same position during later signal processing, mutual confirmation is realized, the positioning accuracy is +/-10 m, and the false alarm rate is low.

Description

Double-parameter OTDR perimeter safety monitoring system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of railway perimeter safety detection, in particular to a double-parameter OTDR perimeter safety monitoring system.
Background
Along with the rapid development of high-speed railways, the anti-terrorism and anti-riot demands of railways are increasingly obvious, the safety of the periphery of the railways faces important tests, and aiming at factors such as long railway lines, large spans, complex periphery environments and the like, the exploration of a periphery monitoring technology suitable for special application scenes of the railways is a problem to be solved.
The technology mainly adopted by the current perimeter protection is as follows: while the pulse electronic fence, the infrared correlation, the microwave wall, the thermal imaging video analysis, the vibration optical cable and other modes are active, technical equipment such as the pulse electronic fence, the infrared correlation, the microwave wall, the thermal imaging video analysis and the like is easy to be interfered by electromagnetic waves, front-end detectors such as the front-end detectors cannot be used in the regions with severe environments and inconvenient power supply, and the technologies cannot be used for long-distance monitoring. The existing optical fiber sensing technology-based equipment for railways is based on the optical fiber grating or the sagic principle, the monitoring distance of the optical fiber grating-based equipment is short, long-distance monitoring is not easy to perform, the positioning accuracy of the sagic principle-based equipment is poor, and the construction mode is complex and tedious.
The patent number 201510537189.2 discloses a deformation type optical fiber fence system and a method for detecting intrusion activities thereof, wherein the fence system comprises a P-OTDR module and a sensing optical cable, is insensitive to simple external vibration and is sensitive to deformation of the optical cable, the detection capacity range of the system to intrusion events is limited to a certain extent, and the system can only output alarm information by setting the intensity threshold value, cannot perform pattern recognition on the intrusion events and further achieves the purpose of eliminating interference signals. Polarization sensitive optical time domain reflectometry (P-OTDR) was proposed by imperial a.j.rogers in 1998, and the structure of the P-OTDR system is very similar to that of the phi-OTDR system, and the difference is that a polarization controller is further arranged between the port of the circulator 3 and the detector, and the function of the polarization controller is to modulate the polarization state of backward rayleigh scattering light, and only the rayleigh scattering light in a single polarization state direction passes through.
The patent 201710003630.8 discloses a rail foreign matter intrusion monitoring method based on a phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer, which utilizes a phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer (phi-OTDR) technology to collect original scattered light signals along a rail and utilizes the original scattered light signals to perform rail foreign matter intrusion monitoring, and in perimeter intrusion application, a phi-OTDR technology system is simply adopted to perform better detection on vibration signals generated by wind and rain, small animals, vehicles and some background vibration sources due to higher sensitivity, however, in the latter data processing, though a pattern recognition method is used, vibration interference caused by the small animals, unknown vibration sources and the like is still difficult to completely eliminate, so that the false alarm rate of the system is higher, and in addition, the interference signal fading phenomenon existing in the phi-OTDR system often causes the problem of missed detection of the system, which severely restricts the practicability. The phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer (phi-OTDR) technology is proposed by H.F. Taylor in 1993, has been developed for more than 20 years, and has been mature, and can detect vibration conditions of a plurality of points on an optical fiber line at the same time in a long distance range, and perform pattern recognition on an intrusion vibration event through signal analysis processing, wherein the monitoring distance is about 60km, and the spatial resolution is about + -20 m.
The single phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer (phi-OTDR) technology and the polarization sensitive optical time domain reflectometer (P-OTDR) technology are adopted, so that the protection range is small or the false alarm rate is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: the double-parameter OTDR perimeter safety monitoring system solves the technical problem that the false alarm rate is high when a single protection mode is adopted for the railway perimeter at present.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a double-parameter OTDR perimeter safety monitoring system comprises a monitoring terminal, wherein the monitoring terminal respectively inputs a modulation signal generated synchronously into a P-OTDR system and a phi-OTDR system, and the P-OTDR system and the phi-OTDR system return the collected signals to the monitoring terminal for data analysis of two dimensions of time and space and output an alarm result.
Further, the output end of the P-OTDR system is respectively connected with an interference unit and a photoelectric detector, the interference unit is connected with the photoelectric detector, and the photoelectric detector is connected with the monitoring terminal; and the output end of the phi-OTDR system is connected with the interference unit.
Further, the P-OTDR system includes a pulse laser, a circulator a, a detection optical cable a and a polarization beam splitter, a modulation signal generated by the monitoring terminal is input to the pulse laser to enable the pulse laser to generate modulated laser, the pulse laser inputs the modulated laser into the circulator a, an output port a of the circulator a is connected with the detection optical cable a, the detection optical cable a returns a collected signal to the polarization beam splitter through an output port B of the circulator a, and the polarization beam splitter divides the signal into two paths to be respectively input into the interference unit and the photoelectric detector.
Further, the phi-OTDR system comprises a narrow linewidth laser, an acousto-optic modulator, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier A, a circulator B and an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier B, wherein the monitoring terminal inputs generated modulation signals to the acousto-optic modulator, the acousto-optic modulator modulates laser generated by the narrow linewidth laser, the modulated laser is input to the circulator B through the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier A by the acousto-optic modulator, an output port A of the circulator B is connected with a detection optical cable B, the detection optical cable B returns acquired signals to the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier B through an output port B of the circulator B, and the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier B is connected with the interference unit.
Further, the detection optical cable A is paved on the thorn cage structure at the upper part of the periphery.
Further, the detection optical cable B is paved on the fence structure at the lower part of the periphery.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the system comprehensively monitors double parameters, adopts synchronous modulation signals, ensures that the detection optical cable A of the P-OTDR system and the detection optical cable B of the phi-OTDR system can be in one-to-one correspondence in physical position when being applied to the detection optical cable A of the P-OTDR system, ensures that two optical cable acquisition signals are positioned at the same position during later signal processing, realizes accurate positioning, and has positioning accuracy of +/-10 m.
The interference unit is used for interfering one path of signals acquired by the P-OTDR system and the signals acquired by the phi-OTDR system, so that the sensitivity of the interference signals is improved, meanwhile, the fading phenomenon of the interference signals of the phi-OTDR system is effectively inhibited, the phi-OTDR system can accurately position and detect under the condition that the vibration signals are weak, and the signal detection rate is improved.
3. The system can comprehensively analyze the alarm parameters of the P-OTDR system and the phi-OTDR system at the same position of the optical cable through two dimensions of space and time during signal processing so as to output intrusion time alarm information, overcomes the defect of high false alarm rate of a single technology system, and improves the alarm accuracy of the system.
4. The detection optical cable A is laid on the thorn cage structure, the detection optical cable B is laid on the fence structure, good sensing effect of the system is guaranteed, three-dimensional protection is formed, and the protection range of the system is enlarged.
5. The system can judge different behaviors, and can effectively shield interference by combining two systems according to interference scenes (such as weather, passing trains, heavy vehicles and the like).
6. The system can be used for detecting the perimeter safety of the high-speed rail, can be also used for protecting the perimeter formation of military bases, base stations, border lines and the like, and has wide application range.
Drawings
The invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the overall architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the present invention as laid;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the location of the fiber optic cable of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the dual parameter alarm alignment validation of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the response characteristics of a dual-parameter alarm signal at the same location, (a) is a graph of the response characteristics of a phi-OTDR system, and (b) is a graph of the response characteristics of a P-OTDR system;
reference numerals: 1-monitor terminal, 2-detecting optical cable A, 3-detecting optical cable B, 4-puncturing cage, 5-fence, 6-double parameter OTDR host, 7-guiding optical cable and 8-ribbon.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A double-parameter OTDR perimeter safety monitoring system comprises a monitoring terminal 1, wherein the monitoring terminal 1 inputs generated modulation signals into a P-OTDR system and a phi-OTDR system respectively, and the P-OTDR system and the phi-OTDR system return collected signals to the monitoring terminal 1 for data processing to obtain detection results.
The output end of the P-OTDR system is respectively connected with an interference unit and a photoelectric detector, the interference unit is connected with the photoelectric detector, and the photoelectric detector is connected with the monitoring terminal 1; and the output end of the phi-OTDR system is connected with the interference unit.
The P-OTDR system comprises a pulse laser, a circulator A, a detection optical cable A2 and a polarization beam splitter, wherein a modulation signal generated by the monitoring terminal 1 is input to the pulse laser to enable the pulse laser to generate modulated laser, the pulse laser inputs the modulated laser into the circulator A, an output port A of the circulator A is connected with the detection optical cable A2, the detection optical cable A2 returns a collected signal to the polarization beam splitter through an output port B of the circulator A, and the polarization beam splitter divides the signal into two paths to be respectively input into the interference unit and the photoelectric detector.
The phi-OTDR system comprises a narrow linewidth laser, an acousto-optic modulator, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier A, a circulator B and an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier B, wherein a generated modulation signal is input to the acousto-optic modulator by the monitoring terminal 1, laser generated by the narrow linewidth laser is modulated by the acousto-optic modulator, the modulated laser is input to the circulator B through the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier A by the acousto-optic modulator, an output port A of the circulator B is connected with a detection optical cable B3, an acquired signal is returned to the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier B through an output port B of the circulator B by the detection optical cable B3, and the interference unit is connected with the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier B.
The detection optical cable A2 is paved on the structure of the thorn cage 4 at the upper part of the periphery.
The detection optical cable B3 is paved on the surrounding fence 5 structure.
Example 1
A double-parameter OTDR perimeter safety monitoring system comprises a monitoring terminal 1, wherein the monitoring terminal 1 inputs generated synchronous modulation signals into a P-OTDR system and a phi-OTDR system respectively, and the P-OTDR system and the phi-OTDR system return collected signals to the monitoring terminal 1 for data processing to obtain detection results; because the technology of the P-OTDR system and the phi-OTDR system is mature, the method for processing the monitoring terminal 1 is the same, and the method is the prior art, and the safety of the perimeter is judged after the two systems are integrated, so that the positioning is more accurate and more reliable than the single system; the monitoring terminal 1 is used for modulating signals, processing the signals and displaying the results.
Example 2
Preferably, an interference unit and a photoelectric detector are adopted to effectively integrate a P-OTDR system and a phi-OTDR system, specifically, the output end of the P-OTDR system is respectively connected with the interference unit and the photoelectric detector, the interference unit is connected with the photoelectric detector, and the photoelectric detector is connected with the monitoring terminal 1; the output end of the phi-OTDR system is connected with the interference unit; one path of signals collected by the P-OTDR system and the signals collected by the phi-OTDR system interfere in an interference unit, so that the sensitivity of interference signals is improved, meanwhile, the fading phenomenon of interference signals of the phi-OTDR system is effectively inhibited, and accurate collection and positioning can be performed under the condition that the collected signals are very weak; meanwhile, even if the sensitivity of the phi-OTDR system signal is enhanced, the data processing mode is the same; the interference unit and the photoelectric detector are both in the prior art, wherein the interference unit adopts an optical instrument for interference.
Example 3
Preferably, the P-OTDR system includes a pulse laser, a circulator a, a detection optical cable A2 and a polarization beam splitter, where a modulation signal generated by the monitor terminal 1 is input to the pulse laser to make the pulse laser generate modulated laser, the pulse laser inputs the modulated laser to the circulator a, an output port a of the circulator a is connected with the detection optical cable A2, the detection optical cable A2 returns a collected signal to the polarization beam splitter through an output port B of the circulator a, and the polarization beam splitter divides the signal into two paths to be respectively input to the interference unit and the photoelectric detector;
the phi-OTDR system comprises a narrow linewidth laser, an acousto-optic modulator, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier A, a circulator B, a detection optical cable B3 and an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier B, wherein a generated modulation signal is input to the acousto-optic modulator through the acousto-optic driver by the monitoring terminal 1, the laser generated by the narrow linewidth laser is modulated by the acousto-optic modulator, the modulated laser is input to the circulator B through the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier A by the acousto-optic modulator, an output port A of the circulator B is connected with a detection optical cable B3, the collected signal is returned to the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier B through an output port B of the circulator B by the detection optical cable B3, and the interference unit (shown in figure 1) is connected with the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier B.
Example 4
The interference unit, the photoelectric detector, the pulse laser, the circulator A, the polarization beam splitter, the narrow linewidth laser, the acousto-optic modulator, the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier A, the circulator B and the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier B jointly form a double-parameter OTDR host 6, so that the management is convenient; the photoelectric detector, the pulse laser and the acousto-optic driver in the double-parameter OTDR host 6 are connected with the monitoring terminal, and the circulator A and the circulator B in the double-parameter OTDR host 6 are respectively connected with the detection optical cable A2 and the detection optical cable B3 through the guide optical cable 7 (shown in figure 2).
Example 5
Based on a double-parameter OTDR perimeter safety monitoring system, the invention further discloses a method for paving an optical cable along a railway, which comprises the following steps:
the detection optical cable A2 corresponding to the P-OTDR system is paved at the position of the thorn cage 4, which is 1/3 of the position close to the side lower part of the railway (as shown in figure 3), and is bound and straightened as much as possible once at intervals of 35-50cm, so that the thorn cage is prevented from being in a completely free state; the detection optical cable B3 corresponding to the phi-OTDR system is paved at the middle and upper position of the fence 5 near the railway side, binding is carried out by using the binding belt 8, binding is carried out once at intervals of 35 cm to 50cm, and the detection optical cable B3 is contacted with the cement column wall or the iron fence wall as much as possible, so that the vibration is fully transmitted; the optical cable cannot be bent greatly when being bound, and the bending radius is larger than 15cm; the arrangement mode of the detection optical cable A2 can also adopt S-shaped wiring, U-shaped wiring and the like; the detection optical cable B3 may be buried wiring or the like.
Because the optical cables are provided with the fusion points at intervals of 1-1.5 kilometers, a section of cable (the length of the cable is about 10-30 m) is reserved at each fusion point, the cable needs to be sufficiently fixed and firm, and the condition that the cable is coiled or the optical cable is looped is not allowed except the fusion point.
The monitoring terminal 1 is arranged in a railway line communication machine room, the monitoring terminal 1 can respond to intrusion alarm in real time, and supports linkage with a video and sound driving system, and is integrated with other monitoring means to form multi-azimuth protection.
The on-site monitoring distance of the system is more than 20km, and the spatial resolution is less than +/-10 m.
Example 6
Based on a double-parameter OTDR perimeter safety monitoring system, the comprehensive judging method (shown in fig. 4) of the invention comprises the following steps:
according to the characteristic response diagrams (shown in fig. 5) of the monitoring terminal to the phi-OTDR system and the P-OTDR system, the following judgment is carried out:
1) Climbing over fence 5 behavior:
when climbing cement guardrail or iron fence, vibration information of climbing position department is caught to vibration detection optical cable B3, carries out the alarm in advance, when continuing to climb and touching thorn cage 4, vibration detection optical cable A2 detects thorn cage 4 and rocks information, produces the alarm in advance, and then handles two alarm information in advance from two dimensions in space and time to output final alarm information (two systems early warning time interval is less than 2 minutes).
2) The behavior of crossing the puncture cage 4
When the puncture cage 4 is only overturned, the vibration of the puncture cage 4 can cause the detection optical cable B3 and the detection optical cable A2 to detect vibration signals at the same time, and the warning information of the two paths of signals at the same position is synthesized to output warning information (the warning time interval of the two systems is less than 2 minutes).
3) Breaking cement fence or iron fence behavior
When only climbing cement protection or fence iron fences, the detection optical cable B3 can detect vibration signals, and other interference vibration signals such as climbing, driving, wind and rain are eliminated to alarm and output destructive behaviors through signal analysis processing and pattern recognition technology.

Claims (3)

1. A double-parameter OTDR perimeter safety monitoring system is characterized in that: the system comprises a monitoring terminal (1), wherein the monitoring terminal (1) respectively inputs a modulation signal generated synchronously into a P-OTDR system and a phi-OTDR system, and the P-OTDR system and the phi-OTDR system return the acquired signal to the monitoring terminal (1) for data analysis of two dimensions of time and space and output an alarm result;
the output end of the P-OTDR system is respectively connected with an interference unit and a photoelectric detector, the interference unit is connected with the photoelectric detector, and the photoelectric detector is connected with the monitoring terminal (1); the output end of the phi-OTDR system is connected with the interference unit;
the P-OTDR system comprises a pulse laser, a circulator A, a detection optical cable A (2) and a polarization beam splitter, wherein a modulation signal generated by the monitoring terminal (1) is input to the pulse laser to enable the pulse laser to generate modulated laser, the pulse laser inputs the modulated laser into the circulator A, an output port A of the circulator A is connected with the detection optical cable A (2), the detection optical cable A (2) returns a collected signal to the polarization beam splitter through an output port B of the circulator A, and the polarization beam splitter divides the signal into two paths to be respectively input into the interference unit and the photoelectric detector;
the phi-OTDR system comprises a narrow linewidth laser, an acousto-optic modulator, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier A, a circulator B and an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier B, wherein a generated modulation signal is input to the acousto-optic modulator by the monitoring terminal (1), laser generated by the narrow linewidth laser is modulated by the acousto-optic modulator, the modulated laser is input to the circulator B through the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier A, an output port A of the circulator B is connected with a detection optical cable B (3), an acquired signal is returned to the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier B through an output port B of the circulator B by the detection optical cable B (3), and the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier B is connected with the interference unit.
2. A dual-parameter OTDR perimeter safety monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein: the detection optical cable A (2) is paved on a thorn cage (4) structure at the upper part of the periphery.
3. A dual-parameter OTDR perimeter safety monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein: the detection optical cable B (3) is paved on a fence (5) structure at the lower part of the periphery.
CN201810139618.4A 2018-02-09 2018-02-09 Double-parameter OTDR perimeter safety monitoring system Active CN108320420B (en)

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CN111884709B (en) * 2020-07-20 2021-09-14 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 Railway communication optical cable on-line monitoring system and method
CN113628402A (en) * 2021-07-19 2021-11-09 武汉烽理光电技术有限公司 Distributed vibration sensing intrusion alarm method, device and system
CN113870578A (en) * 2021-11-02 2021-12-31 陆航安防工程(上海)股份有限公司 Road guardrail intelligent detection system and detection method thereof

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