CN108317632B - Air conditioning system - Google Patents

Air conditioning system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108317632B
CN108317632B CN201710041146.4A CN201710041146A CN108317632B CN 108317632 B CN108317632 B CN 108317632B CN 201710041146 A CN201710041146 A CN 201710041146A CN 108317632 B CN108317632 B CN 108317632B
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air
fresh
surface cooling
return air
return
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CN108317632A (en
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王志国
谢滨
马书和
赵振江
李全安
王培青
张新江
朱晓
李雷超
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China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co Ltd
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China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/1405Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification in which the humidity of the air is exclusively affected by contact with the evaporator of a closed-circuit cooling system or heat pump circuit
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/28Arrangement or mounting of filters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an air conditioning system, which comprises a dehumidifier, a second fresh return air mixing mechanism and a second surface cooling mechanism, wherein the dehumidifier comprises a first fresh return air mixing mechanism, a first surface cooling mechanism and an air outlet mechanism which are sequentially arranged along the wind direction, refrigerant liquid in a refrigeration pipeline sequentially flows through the first surface cooling mechanism and the second surface cooling mechanism, namely, the refrigerant liquid firstly flows into the first surface cooling mechanism for dehumidification, the temperature of the refrigerant liquid rises, the refrigerant liquid flows out of the first surface cooling mechanism, then flows into the second surface cooling mechanism, so that the temperature of the refrigerant liquid entering the second surface cooling mechanism is increased, the refrigerant liquid with certain temperature increase is cooled in the second surface cooling mechanism, therefore, the air conditioning system can realize independent temperature and humidity control of the whole air conditioning system by using a single cold source, and has a simple structure and less related equipment.

Description

Air conditioning system
Technical Field
The invention relates to an air conditioning system, and belongs to industrial air conditioning systems.
Background
In order to solve the problems of cold and heat offset and energy waste existing in the heat and humidity treatment process of a unit of a technical air conditioning system under the dehumidification working condition in summer, the air conditioning system usually adopts a secondary air return mode to carry out heat and humidity adjustment, and the energy waste phenomenon of cold and heat offset is relieved by reducing supercooling caused by dehumidification or reducing the consumption of reheating energy.
Moreover, most of the existing air conditioning systems are realized based on solution heat recovery and a double-cold-source dehumidification technology of a high-temperature water chilling unit and a low-temperature water chilling unit, wherein one cold source removes indoor residual humidity, and the other cold source removes indoor residual heat. If two cooling sources are used, two refrigeration systems, and the equipment and piping associated with the refrigeration, etc., are provided, and other parts of the air conditioning system, such as: surface cooling and corresponding modification. Therefore, the existing air conditioning system cannot meet the requirements of the modern industry, if the functions are realized, the input cost of the existing industrial air conditioning system needs to be greatly increased, and although the research on the aspect is carried out at present, the newly developed industrial air conditioning system not only has high input cost, but also has a complex structure, so that great trouble is caused to the early design and the later construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an air conditioning system, which is used for solving the problem that the existing industrial air conditioning system is complex in structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the scheme of the invention comprises an air conditioning system, which comprises a dehumidifier, wherein the dehumidifier comprises a first fresh air and return air mixing mechanism, a first surface cooling mechanism and an air outlet mechanism which are sequentially arranged along the wind direction, the air conditioning system also comprises a second fresh air and return air mixing mechanism and a second surface cooling mechanism, the first fresh air and return air mixing mechanism is provided with a first fresh air input port for introducing fresh air and a first return air input port for introducing return air, an air outlet of the air outlet mechanism is communicated with a mixed air input port of the second fresh air and return air mixing mechanism through an air supply pipeline, the second fresh air and return air mixing mechanism is also provided with a second return air input port for introducing return air, and the second fresh air and return air mixing mechanism and the second surface cooling mechanism are sequentially arranged along the wind direction; the air conditioning system further comprises a refrigerating system, wherein a refrigerating pipeline is arranged in the refrigerating system, and refrigerating fluid in the refrigerating pipeline sequentially flows through the first surface cooling mechanism and the second surface cooling mechanism.
And the second fresh air and return air mixing mechanism is also provided with a second fresh air input port for introducing fresh air.
And a first filtering mechanism is arranged between the first fresh return air mixing mechanism and the first meter cooling mechanism, and a second filtering mechanism is arranged between the second fresh return air mixing mechanism and the second meter cooling mechanism.
The first fresh air input port is provided with a first fresh air adjusting valve for adjusting the input fresh air quantity, and the second fresh air input port is provided with a second fresh air adjusting valve for adjusting the input fresh air quantity.
The first return air inlet port is provided with a first return air adjusting valve used for adjusting input return air quantity, and the second return air inlet port is provided with a second return air adjusting valve used for adjusting the input return air quantity.
The refrigerating system comprises a refrigerating unit and a water return pipeline, the refrigerating unit is communicated with the refrigerating pipeline in an output mode, and refrigerating fluid flowing out of the second surface cooling mechanism flows back into the refrigerating unit through the water return pipeline.
And a first meter cold valve is arranged at the refrigerant liquid input end of the first meter cold mechanism.
And a refrigerant liquid input end of the second meter cooling mechanism is provided with a second meter cooling valve which is a three-way valve, and a third port of the three-way valve is communicated with the water return pipeline.
The refrigerating unit is further connected with a water supplementing pipeline in an output mode, the water supplementing pipeline is connected with a refrigerating pipeline between the first meter cooling mechanism and the second meter cooling mechanism, and a water supplementing valve is arranged on the water supplementing pipeline.
The air conditioning system further comprises a heating part, a humidifying part and an air feeder, and an air outlet of the second surface cooling mechanism is communicated with the heating part, the humidifying part and the air feeder in sequence.
The air conditioning system provided by the invention is provided with a dehumidifier, the interior of the dehumidifier comprises a first fresh return air mixing mechanism, a first surface cooling mechanism and an air outlet mechanism which are sequentially arranged along the wind direction, and a second fresh return air mixing mechanism and a second surface cooling mechanism are sequentially arranged behind an air outlet of the air outlet mechanism. The cold mechanism of two tables that set gradually can carry out indoor dehumidification and indoor cooling respectively, satisfies the requirement of indoor humidity and temperature, has effectively solved cold and hot offset, the extravagant scheduling problem of energy under the traditional warm and humid combined regulation mode in summer, ensures that air conditioning unit dehumidification energy consumption has certain decline, has improved air conditioning system's operating efficiency, has guaranteed that production goes on smoothly. And the refrigerant liquid in the refrigeration pipeline flows through the first surface cooling mechanism and the second surface cooling mechanism in sequence, namely, the refrigerant liquid firstly flows into the first surface cooling mechanism to be dehumidified, the temperature of the refrigerant liquid rises, the refrigerant liquid flows out of the first surface cooling mechanism and then flows into the second surface cooling mechanism, so that the temperature of the refrigerant liquid entering the second surface cooling mechanism rises, and the temperature of the refrigerant liquid with certain rising temperature is reduced in the second surface cooling mechanism. Compared with the existing double cold sources, the air conditioning system provided by the invention has the advantages that the structure is simple, the related equipment is less, the existing industrial air conditioning system is not required to be transformed to a greater degree, the transformation cost is lower, in addition, in the actual production, the investment cost is lower, the design in the early stage is simplified, and the later-stage construction is convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an air conditioning system configuration;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning system control principle.
Detailed Description
The air conditioning system provided by the invention is widely applied to various production type enterprises, and in the embodiment, the air conditioning system is applied to a cigarette factory as an example. The air conditioning system supplies conditioned air to a production plant (room) and uses return air from the production plant, which is air discharged from the production plant after the air conditioning system supplies conditioned air to the production plant. The air conditioning system is described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, a dehumidifier is arranged on a fresh air pipeline in an air conditioning system in a bypass mode, and the size of the dehumidifier is designed according to the requirement of meeting the minimum fresh air volume of an air conditioning unit. The dehumidifier is provided with four functional sections which are sequentially arranged according to the airflow direction: the first fresh and return air mixing section, the first filtering section, the first surface cooling section and the air outlet section. Each functional section corresponds corresponding mechanism, and these four functional sections are first fresh return air mixing mechanism, first filter mechanism, the cold mechanism of first table and air-out mechanism respectively promptly to, be provided with the relevant equipment that realizes corresponding function in every mechanism, for example: a filter is arranged in the first filtering mechanism and used for removing dust in fresh air; a surface cooler (called a primary surface cooler) is arranged in the first surface cooling mechanism and used for fresh air dehumidification.
The first fresh air return mixing section is provided with two input ports, namely a first fresh air input port and a first air return input port, the first fresh air input port is communicated with a fresh air pipeline and is used for inputting fresh air into the air conditioning system, and the fresh air refers to air input into the air conditioning system from the outside and is not air exhausted from a production workshop; the first return air input port is communicated with the return air pipeline and used for inputting return air into the air conditioning system. In addition, in order to adjust the air quantity of return air entering the first fresh return air mixing section, a first return air adjusting valve which is a primary return air valve is arranged at a first return air input port on the first fresh return air mixing section; similarly, in order to adjust the amount of fresh air entering the first fresh air return mixing section, a first fresh air adjusting valve is arranged at the first fresh air input port on the first fresh air return mixing section, and the first fresh air adjusting valve is a primary fresh air valve. As shown in fig. 1, the return air duct is connected to the first return air input port through the primary return air duct, and the fresh air duct is connected to the first fresh air input port through the primary fresh air duct. Air volume meters can be respectively arranged on the primary fresh air pipe and the primary return air pipe, are used for respectively measuring and calculating air volume and are used as calculation basis for controlling the primary fresh air valve and the primary return air valve.
Fresh air and return air are mixed in the first fresh and return air mixing section, and the generated mixed gas is sequentially filtered by a filter in the first filtering section and dehumidified by the first surface cooling section and then output through the air outlet section.
As shown in fig. 1, the air conditioning system further includes a second fresh air and return air mixing section, a second filtering section and a second surface cooling section, which are sequentially arranged according to the airflow direction, and in the same way as the dehumidifier, these three functional sections also respectively correspond to corresponding mechanisms, namely, a second fresh air and return air mixing mechanism, a second filtering mechanism and a second surface cooling mechanism, and in addition, related devices for realizing corresponding functions are arranged in each mechanism, such as: a filter is arranged in the second filtering mechanism and used for removing dust; and a surface cooler (called a secondary surface cooler) is arranged in the second surface cooling mechanism, and the secondary surface cooler can be an originally-matched surface cooler of the air conditioning unit in order to save equipment investment. And the secondary surface cooler is used for cooling control.
And an air outlet of an air outlet section in the dehumidifier is communicated with a mixed gas input port of the second fresh air and return air mixing section through an air supply pipeline and is used for conveying the gas treated by the dehumidifier to the second fresh air and return air mixing section. Similar with above-mentioned first new return air mixed section, also be provided with return air input port and new trend input port on the second new return air mixed section, be second return air input port and second new trend input port respectively, the return air passageway passes through second return air input port and inputs the return air for second new return air mixed section, and the new trend passageway passes through second new trend input port and inputs the new trend for second new return air mixed section. The second fresh-return air mixing section has similar functions with the first fresh-return air mixing section and is used for mixing fresh air and return air. A second fresh air regulating valve which is a secondary fresh air valve is arranged at the second fresh air input port and is used for regulating the input fresh air quantity; and a second return air regulating valve is arranged at the second return air input port, is a secondary return air valve and is used for regulating the input return air quantity.
In addition, utilize first fillter section and second fillter section can realize once filtering and secondary filter respectively, certainly, this embodiment that just is an optimization, as other embodiments, when the dust in return air and the new trend is originally when just less, first fillter section and second fillter section can need not set up.
As shown in fig. 2, the air conditioning system further includes a refrigerating unit for generating a refrigerant fluid (also referred to as refrigerant water); the output of the refrigerating unit is communicated with a refrigerating pipeline, the refrigerating pipeline sequentially flows through a first surface cooling section and a second surface cooling section, refrigerant water is output from the refrigerating unit and flows into the first surface cooling section for use in the first surface cooling section, then the refrigerant water flowing out of the first surface cooling section flows into the second surface cooling section for use in the second surface cooling section, and the refrigerant water flowing out of the second surface cooling section flows back into the refrigerating unit. Therefore, the refrigeration pipeline connects the primary surface cooler and the primary surface cooler in series, as shown in fig. 2, the output of the refrigeration pipeline is connected with the refrigerant water input end of the primary surface cooler, the refrigerant water output end of the primary surface cooler is communicated with the refrigerant water input end of the secondary surface cooler through a pipeline, and the refrigerant water output end of the secondary surface cooler flows back into the refrigeration unit through a return pipeline.
And the refrigerant water input end of the primary surface cooler is provided with a first surface cooling valve, namely a primary surface cooling valve, and the refrigerant water input end of the secondary surface cooler is provided with a second surface cooling valve, namely a secondary surface cooling valve. The primary meter cooling valve and the secondary meter cooling valve are respectively used for adjusting the water supply flow of the refrigerant water corresponding to the surface cooler. And the secondary meter cold valve is a three-way valve, two ports of the three-way valve are serially arranged on the refrigeration pipeline, and the third port is communicated with the water return pipeline.
The method comprises the steps that refrigerant water (low-temperature cold source) with the temperature of 7-9 ℃ produced by a refrigerating unit firstly enters a primary surface cooler to dehumidify fresh air, the temperature of the refrigerant water entering a secondary surface cooler is increased by 3-5 ℃ by utilizing the temperature rise caused by air-water heat exchange through the control and adjustment of an adjusting valve, and a high-temperature cold source is obtained and used for the cooling treatment of the whole air volume of the unit to realize the independent control of the temperature and the humidity of a single cold source. The cold dry air processed by the dehumidifier (primary surface cooler) is mixed with the return air of the unit to reduce the supplied air humidity and achieve the purposes of dehumidification and cooling, and the secondary surface cooler is used for further cooling the mixed air of which the temperature does not meet the requirement after mixing. In addition, when the unit has a cooling requirement, the conduction channel of the three-way valve is adjusted, so that refrigerant water of a high-temperature cold source enters the secondary surface cooler to cool the mixed air; when the unit has no cooling requirement, the conduction channel of the three-way valve is adjusted, and the refrigerant water directly flows back to the water return pipeline without passing through the secondary surface cooler. Meanwhile, in order to avoid the situation that the water inlet temperature of the secondary surface air cooler is too high and cannot meet the use requirement, the system is provided with a water supplementing electric valve, low-temperature refrigerant water can be directly supplied to the secondary surface air cooler, and the water inlet temperature of the secondary surface air cooler is reduced. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the output of the refrigerating unit is communicated with a water supplementing pipeline, the water supplementing pipeline is communicated with a refrigerating pipeline between the primary surface air cooler and the secondary surface air cooler, and the water supplementing electric valve is arranged on the water supplementing pipeline.
The air conditioning system can also comprise other parts, such as a heating part, a humidifying part and a blower, wherein an air outlet of the secondary surface cooler is sequentially communicated with the heating part, the humidifying part and the blower, an output end of the blower is an output end of the air conditioning system, and an output end of the blower is connected to a required place, such as a room in fig. 2. In addition, the return air fan is used for discharging indoor air through a return air channel, and the return air channel is the return air channel for inputting return air to the first fresh return air mixing section and the second fresh return air mixing section.
The type of governing valve in this air conditioning system all can be specifically set up according to particular case, for example: a manual valve can be set, and manual adjustment is carried out according to actual requirements; or an electric valve, and the on-off and the opening degree of the valve are correspondingly controlled according to the acquired parameters.
The control idea of the secondary fresh air valve and the secondary return air valve is as follows: when winter and season alternate, the air conditioner still operates according to the original set fresh air change ratio or full fresh air, fresh air can directly enter a secondary fresh air and return air mixing section by switching a secondary fresh air valve and does not pass through a dehumidifier, namely, a primary fresh air valve and a primary surface cooling valve are closed at the same time, and the secondary fresh air valve is opened; when the outdoor dehumidifying working condition is in summer, the secondary fresh air valve is in a closed state, and the opening degrees of the primary fresh air valve and the primary surface cooling valve are randomly adjusted. Therefore, if the air conditioning system is only used under the summer dehumidification working condition, the secondary fresh air valve is always in a closed state, and the secondary fresh air valve and the second fresh air input port can be not arranged.
In this embodiment, based on the above air conditioning system, a control strategy is given below, which is, of course, only one implementation and the air conditioning system is not limited to this control strategy.
When the primary meter cold valve is an electric valve for opening degree adjustment through a control signal, the control idea is as follows: the air conditioning system can measure parameters such as air quantity, temperature and humidity by installing an air gauge and a water temperature meter, and further can deduce and calculate a target value of the air temperature and humidity which are required to reach after primary surface air cooler treatment.
Wherein:
Figure BDA0001211988860000071
in the formula: t is1SP-the target temperature value, c, to be reached after the primary surface air cooler treatment; fS-blast volume, m3/h;TSO-air supply condition point temperature, deg.c; fRReturn air volume m3/h;F2Air return, m, for primary surface air cooler treatment3/h;TR-return air temperature, deg.c; fOFresh air volume m3/h;F1Fresh air volume, m, treated by a surface air cooler3/h;TOFresh air temperature, deg.C.
Figure BDA0001211988860000072
In the formula: d1SPThe target value, g/kg, which the moisture content should reach after the primary surface air cooler treatment; dSO-air supply condition point moisture content, g/kg; dRReturn air moisture content, g/kg; dOFresh air moisture content, g/kg.
Based on the state parameters of the air and the refrigerant water obtained by the derivation calculation and actual measurement, the control idea of the unit water valve is as follows: PID control is adopted, and the air temperature value T processed by the primary surface cooler is enabled to be controlled by adjusting the primary surface cooling valve and the water replenishing valve1PVAnd moisture content value d1PVTo reach the target value T1SPAnd d1SPThe level of (A) is such that the secondary surface cooler inlet water temperature value TCPVDew point temperature T close to air supply state pointLSO
Wherein the temperature loop regulates the demand OUT1=∫(T1SP-T1PV) dt, moisture content loop regulation demand OUT2=∫(d1SP-d1PV) dt, get OUT1And OUT1The maximum value of the secondary meter cooling valve is used for controlling the opening of the primary meter cooling valve. Water temperature control loopWay regulation demand OUT3=∫(TLSO-TCPV) dt, used for controlling the opening of the water replenishing valve and ensuring that the water inlet temperature of the secondary surface cooling valve meets the cooling requirement. The primary PID loop and the algorithm of the system are used for controlling the secondary surface cooling valve, and PID parameters can be properly adjusted according to actual use conditions.
The above embodiment shows a chilled water generating and conveying structure, which includes a refrigeration unit and a corresponding conveying pipeline, and this is only one embodiment, and as another embodiment, other chilled water generating and conveying structures may be used as long as the requirements of two surface coolers can be met.
The specific embodiments are given above, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. The basic idea of the present invention is to design various modified models, formulas and parameters without any creative work for those skilled in the art according to the teaching of the present invention. Variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. An air conditioning system is characterized by comprising a dehumidifier, wherein the dehumidifier comprises a first fresh return air mixing mechanism, a first surface cooling mechanism and an air outlet mechanism which are sequentially arranged along a wind direction, the air conditioning system further comprises a second fresh return air mixing mechanism and a second surface cooling mechanism, the first fresh return air mixing mechanism is provided with a first fresh air input port for inputting fresh air and a first return air input port for inputting return air, an air outlet of the air outlet mechanism is communicated with a mixed gas input port of the second fresh return air mixing mechanism through an air supply pipeline, the second fresh return air mixing mechanism is further provided with a second return air input port for inputting return air, and the second fresh return air mixing mechanism and the second surface cooling mechanism are sequentially arranged along the wind direction; the air conditioning system also comprises a refrigerating system, wherein a refrigerating pipeline is arranged in the refrigerating system, and refrigerating fluid in the refrigerating pipeline sequentially flows through the first surface cooling mechanism and the second surface cooling mechanism;
the refrigerating system comprises a refrigerating unit and a water return pipeline, the output of the refrigerating unit is communicated with the refrigerating pipeline, and refrigerating fluid flowing out of the second surface cooling mechanism flows back into the refrigerating unit through the water return pipeline;
a first surface cooling valve is arranged at the refrigerant liquid input end of the first surface cooling mechanism;
and a refrigerant liquid input end of the second meter cooling mechanism is provided with a second meter cooling valve which is a three-way valve, and a third port of the three-way valve is communicated with the water return pipeline.
2. The air conditioning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said second fresh air and return air mixing mechanism is further provided with a second fresh air input port for introducing fresh air.
3. The air conditioning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first filtering mechanism is disposed between the first fresh return air mixing mechanism and the first surface cooling mechanism, and a second filtering mechanism is disposed between the second fresh return air mixing mechanism and the second surface cooling mechanism.
4. The air conditioning system according to claim 2, wherein a first fresh air adjusting valve for adjusting the input fresh air volume is provided at the first fresh air input port, and a second fresh air adjusting valve for adjusting the input fresh air volume is provided at the second fresh air input port.
5. The air conditioning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first return air regulating valve for regulating the amount of the input return air is provided at the first return air input port, and a second return air regulating valve for regulating the amount of the input return air is provided at the second return air input port.
6. The air conditioning system of claim 1, wherein the refrigerating unit further outputs and communicates with a water replenishing pipeline, the water replenishing pipeline communicates with a refrigerating pipeline between the first surface cooling mechanism and the second surface cooling mechanism, and a water replenishing valve is arranged on the water replenishing pipeline.
7. The air conditioning system of claim 1, further comprising a heating part, a humidifying part and a blower, wherein the air outlet of the second surface cooling mechanism is sequentially communicated with the heating part, the humidifying part and the blower.
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