CN108315705A - A kind of structure and preparation method thereof improving the anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material - Google Patents

A kind of structure and preparation method thereof improving the anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108315705A
CN108315705A CN201810327894.3A CN201810327894A CN108315705A CN 108315705 A CN108315705 A CN 108315705A CN 201810327894 A CN201810327894 A CN 201810327894A CN 108315705 A CN108315705 A CN 108315705A
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amorphous metal
film
crystal layer
amorphous
preparation
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CN108315705B (en
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黄平
王飞
童超逸
黄丽
陈自强
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/34Sputtering
    • C23C14/35Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/14Metallic material, boron or silicon
    • C23C14/16Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
    • C23C14/165Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon by cathodic sputtering
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/54Controlling or regulating the coating process
    • C23C14/542Controlling the film thickness or evaporation rate

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of structure and preparation method thereof improving the anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material, the structure includes amorphous metal film, and the lower surface and upper surface of amorphous metal film are all covered with crystal layer, form sandwich layer structure.The crystallization process of non-crystalline material be atom rearrange, the process of atomic ordering, the process category thermo-activation process.In thin-film material, the high several times of diffusion coefficient and jump frequency ratio material internal of surface atom, therefore it can effectively make the atom for being located at surface originally that the property similar with interior atoms be presented in cover surface, to hinder the energy transfer process of non-crystalline material and external environment, the speed of non-crystalline material crystallization and unstability is reduced.For structure of the invention relative to single noncrystal membrane congruent in control group, anti-crystallization ability is stronger.The method of the present invention uses conventional magnetron sputtering means, and at low cost, controllability is strong, easy to operate, it is easy to accomplish and promote.

Description

A kind of structure and preparation method thereof improving the anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of material, more particularly to a kind of anti-crystallization ability of raising amorphous metal thin-film material Structure and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Non-crystalline material causes the extensive attention of people as a kind of new structural material in recent years.Since it is in atom ruler Longrange disorder on degree and the lattice defect for lacking similar crystal Dislocations, non-crystalline material have some unique properties:Such as The hardness etc. of high elastic strain limit, good resistance to corrosion and superelevation.Nearly ten years, the mechanical property of non-crystalline material becomes The hot spot of research:Generally believe the mechanical behavior of non-crystalline material by shear band, shear deformation zone (STZ), free volume or office Domain plastic deformation influences.
Material often has close with its microstructure and directly contacts, amorphous material in the performance macroscopically embodied Expect no exception.The excellent mechanical property of amorphous is attributable to its disorderly arranged atomic structure, if it is non-to be converted into crystal structure Crystalline substance will lose ground, therefore the stability of amorphous seems and is even more important.The mechanical property of non-crystaline amorphous metal is thought in current research It is influenced (either block state amorphous or noncrystal membrane are likely to that crystallization occurs when heated) by its structural stability.And And non-crystalline material thermodynamically belongs to metastable state, has the possibility of crystallization after annealing, being handled under power mutagens shape or high pressure may also Lead to the embrittlement and failure of non-crystalline material.Therefore, it is most important to improve structural stability of the non-crystalline material under thermotropic environment.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of structure improving the anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material and its preparations Method, to solve the above technical problems.The upper and lower surface of amorphous layer is presented by crystalline substance in amorphous metal thin-film material prepared by the present invention The structure of body layer covering.Membrane structure prepared by the technique is fine and close, and crystal amorphous interfacial layer is clear.Party's legal system can be passed through The standby anti-crystallization ability noncrystal membrane structure strong compared with strong, stability.Meanwhile the process employs conventional magnetron sputtering method, at This is low, and controllability is strong, easy to operate, it is easy to accomplish and promote.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of structure improving the anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material, including amorphous metal film, amorphous metal are thin The lower surface and upper surface of film are all covered with crystal layer, form sandwich layer structure.
Further, crystal layer is the metal material different from the element of amorphous metal film.
Further, crystal layer material is different from the difference of thermal expansion coefficients of amorphous metal film.
Further, crystal layer material is tungsten or silver, and amorphous metal film material is nickel niobium.
Further, amorphous metal film and its crystal layer of lower surface and upper surface covering are all made of magnetically controlled sputter method It prepares.
Further, crystal layer material is tungsten, and amorphous metal film material is nickel niobium, forms W/NiNb/W sandwich stratiforms Structure;The thickness of NiNb amorphous metal films is 600nm, and the thickness of two layers of tungsten crystal layer is 60nm.
A kind of preparation method for the structure improving the anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material, includes the following steps:
1) substrate cleaning is clean, it is put on superhigh vacuum magnetron sputtering equipment chip bench;The metallic target that needs are sputtered Material is placed in target base;
2) preparation of crystal layer uses successive sedimentation plated film mode;Halt device after crystal layer is obtained, until film is complete It is cooling, then carry out the preparation of amorphous metal film;
3) preparation of amorphous metal film uses intermittent deposition method, often deposits 15~30 minutes, 5~10 points of pause sputtering Clock waits for film cooling, then carries out the preparation of next amorphous metal film, deposition rate 5-6nm/s;Until amorphous layer thickness Reach predetermined value, then amorphous metal film preparation finishes;
4) crystal layer is prepared with same method in step 2) again after film cooling completely;Finally obtain sandwich stratiform knot Structure.
Compared with the existing technology, the invention has the advantages that:
Amorphous Films are smaller in cross-sectional direction size, and structure can refer to the two-dimensional material under nanoscale.When When the scale of material is reduced to nanometer or even smaller, subtleer dimension, specific surface area will increase rapidly.At this moment material table The property in face will play the role of the performance of material entirety larger, and present invention utilizes the surfaces of thin-film material, to non-crystalline material Crystallization behavior intervened.
The method applied in the present invention, cardinal principle are:The crystallization process of non-crystalline material is that atom rearranges, atom has The process of sequence, the process category thermo-activation process.In thin-film material, the diffusion coefficient and jump frequency of surface atom compare material Internal high several times, therefore can effectively make the atom presentation for being located at surface originally similar with interior atoms in cover surface Property reduces the speed of non-crystalline material crystallization and unstability to hinder the energy transfer process of non-crystalline material and external environment.
Crystal prepared by the present invention covers non crystalline structure, compared with noncrystal membrane prepared by conventional method, has higher anti- Crystallization ability.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the NiNb non crystalline structure schematic diagrames for covering tungsten crystal layer prepared by the present invention, i.e., " sandwich " mentioned above Layer structure;
Fig. 2 is NiNb amorphous annealed state and covers the NiNb amorphous annealed state XRD structural analyses of tungsten crystal layer;
Fig. 3 is that NiNb amorphous annealed state high-resolution transmits selective electron diffraction atlas analysis view in photo;
Fig. 4 is the high-resolution transmission image of NiNb amorphous annealed states;
Fig. 5 is the NiNb amorphous annealed states interface TEM figures and its high-resolution transmission map analysis view for covering tungsten crystal layer.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of structure improving the anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material of the present invention, including amorphous metal film, amorphous The lower surface and upper surface of metallic film are all covered with crystal layer, form sandwich layer structure.The method of the present invention utilizes magnetic control Sputtering technology prepares crystal covering amorphous metal thin-film material, to carry in combination with successive sedimentation and intermittent deposition coating technique The high anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material.The present embodiment, as sputtering target material, prepares tungsten/nickel using common tungsten Niobium/W film material.It should be noted that according to preparation method of the present invention, crystal layer metal can be swollen according to heat Swollen coefficient uses other materials;It is not limited to tungsten.In order to illustrate the difference of this method and conventional magnetron sputtering technology, provide such The preparation process feature of metallic film material.
1, the specific embodiment of tungsten/nickel niobium amorphous/tungsten (W/NiNb/W) thin-film material (three layers):
1) monocrystal silicon substrate of single-sided polishing is cut into required size with diamond tool, silicon base is immersed in acetone and is surpassed Sound cleans 15 minutes, is dried with hair-dryer;It is cleaned 15 minutes with EtOH Sonicate again, superhigh vacuum magnetron sputtering is placed in after drying On equipment base platform.
2) metal W target and NiNb amorphous targets are separately mounted on target position, close sputtering cabin, vacuumizes.
3) when in equipment cavity vacuum degree reach 10-7When mbar magnitudes, argon gas bottle valve can be opened.Adjusting argon flow amount is 3.0sccm opens simultaneously direct current pulse power source and radio-frequency power supply, and pre- splash is carried out at the same time to non-crystaline amorphous metal target and metal tungsten target material It penetrates, duration 15 minutes.The purpose of the step is to remove target material surface oxide layer that may be present and pollutant etc., it is ensured that is coated with The purity of thin film composition.
4) after pre-sputtering, substrate position base is adjusted, prepares plated film.Direct current pulse power source is opened, sputtering work(is adjusted Rate is 100W, is sputtered.
5) technological parameter of crystal tungsten layer:DC pulse source power:100W;Additional substrate platform rotates;Without substrate bias; Depositing temperature:Room temperature.Under this parameter, deposit 5-10 minutes, until reach required film thickness, crystalline tungsten thickness in the present embodiment Degree is 60 nanometers.
6) deposition process parameters of NiNb amorphous layers:DC pulse source power:100W;Additional substrate platform rotates;Without base Piece bias;Depositing temperature:Room temperature.Under this parameter, successive sedimentation 30 minutes closes power supply pause plated film 10 minutes, until it is heavy After the cooling completely of product film, deposit 30 minutes again.Such cycle reaches the thickness preset value of needs up to amorphous layer thickness, Amorphous layer thickness is 600 nanometers in the present embodiment.
7) after waiting for that amorphous layer is coated with and finishes and be fully cooled, crystalline tungsten layer is covered on amorphous layer, i.e. repeatedly step 5), Thickness is still 60 nanometers, as 1/10th of amorphous layer thickness.
2, this example sets a control group, and the anti-crystallization ability for comparing material is strong and weak:Nickel niobium (NiNb) Amorphous Films The specific embodiment of (single layer):
Only carry out 1 in above 1, example in processing step) 2) 3) 4) 6) item.
High vacuum annealing is carried out at the same time to two non-crystalline materials that above method obtains.Heat treatment process parameter:It moves back Vacuum degree when fiery:Less than 5 × 10-4Pa;Annealing temperature:873K;Annealing time:One hour;Furnace cooling 12 hours after the completion of heat treatment Can be taken off up to room temperature rear.
The present invention is described in further details below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 2 is NiNb amorphous annealed state and covers the NiNb amorphous annealed state XRD structural analyses of tungsten crystal layer;By result in figure It can be found that:There is apparent crystal peak in annealed state NiNb amorphous;And in the NiNb amorphous for covering tungsten crystal layer annealed state only Observe the crystal peak of tungsten.It is possible thereby to qualitatively judge that the covering of tungsten crystal layer has inhibiting effect to Amorphous Crystallization.
Fig. 3 is that the high-resolution transmission microscopy selected diffraction of annealed state NiNb noncrystal membranes is analyzed, the results showed that, NiNb is non- Brilliant crystallization generates nanometer crystalline phase.By demarcating the interplanar distance of selective electron diffraction in photo, the reality of first row in table 1 is obtained Test value.
Table 1 is the NiNb Crystallization Phases interplanar distance comparison charts of annealed state, can be confirmed after being compared with standard interplanar distance, The nanometer crystalline phase generated after NiNb noncrystal membrane crystallization is Nb7Ni6, i.e., table 1 the 4th arrange.
Fig. 4 is that the high-resolution of NiNb amorphous annealed states transmits map analysis, from figure in NiNb amorphous annealing process Crystallization situation, it is possible to find:NiNb noncrystal membranes show heterogeneous crystallization behavior, i.e., crystallization occurs near surface, can obviously see Observe crystal grain;The amorphous structural state that atomic disorder arranges still is kept close to silicon substrate bottom.The result of this gradient crystallization behavior is said Bright Amorphous Crystallization starts from surface.
Fig. 5 is NiNb amorphous annealed states interface TEM figures and its high-resolution transmission map analysis for covering tungsten crystal layer, can from figure It is clear with the crystal layer and amorphous bed boundary of observing film.Its microscopic appearance is further looked at as it can be seen that covering tungsten crystal layer NiNb amorphous microscopic appearances are rendered as:Disperse is inlaid with a large amount of nanocrystalline forming core in amorphous substrate, and crystallization situation is relatively light (relatively to be schemed 3).It can be seen that covering the NiNb amorphous of tungsten crystal layer, anti-crystallization ability is stronger.
Pass through the average grain size and number of die to NiNb amorphous (Fig. 4) and the NiNb amorphous (Fig. 5) for covering tungsten crystal layer Amount carries out quantitative statistics, obtains the data in table 2.About 32 nanometers of NiNb amorphous annealed states average grain size, and cover tungsten crystal The NiNb amorphous annealed state average grain sizes of layer only have 6 nanometers.Illustrate the knot of crystal covering noncrystal membrane prepared by the present invention Structure can reach the effect for improving the anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material.
The interplanar distance deck watch of 1 NiNb Crystallization Phases of table
2 NiNb amorphous of table and the NiNb amorphous for covering tungsten crystal layer, the crystallite dimension and crystal grain quantity statistical form of the two

Claims (7)

1. a kind of structure improving the anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material, which is characterized in that non-including amorphous metal film The lower surface and upper surface of brilliant metallic film are all covered with crystal layer, form sandwich layer structure.
2. a kind of structure improving the anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Crystal layer is the metal material different from the element of amorphous metal film.
3. a kind of structure improving the anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Crystal layer material is different from the coefficient of thermal expansion of amorphous metal film.
4. a kind of structure improving the anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Crystal layer material is tungsten or silver, and amorphous metal film material is nickel niobium.
5. a kind of structure improving the anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Amorphous metal film and its crystal layer of lower surface and upper surface covering are all made of magnetically controlled sputter method preparation.
6. a kind of structure improving the anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Crystal layer material is tungsten, and amorphous metal film material is nickel niobium, forms W/NiNb/W sandwich layer structures;NiNb amorphous metals The thickness of film is 600nm, and the thickness of two layers of tungsten crystal layer is 60nm.
7. a kind of structure improving the anti-crystallization ability of amorphous metal thin-film material according to any one of claim 1 to 6 Preparation method, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
1) substrate cleaning is clean, it is put on superhigh vacuum magnetron sputtering equipment chip bench;The metal targets sputtered will be needed to set In in target base;
2) preparation of crystal layer uses successive sedimentation plated film mode;Halt device after crystal layer is obtained, until film is completely cooling, The preparation of amorphous metal film is carried out again;
3) preparation of amorphous metal film uses intermittent deposition method, often deposits 15~30 minutes, pause sputtering 5~10 minutes, Film cooling is waited for, then carries out the preparation of next amorphous metal film, deposition rate 5-6nm/s;Until amorphous layer thickness reaches To predetermined value, then amorphous metal film preparation finishes;
4) crystal layer is prepared with same method in step 2) again after film cooling completely;Finally obtain sandwich layer structure.
CN201810327894.3A 2018-04-12 2018-04-12 Structure for improving crystallization resistance of amorphous metal film material and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN108315705B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109468590A (en) * 2018-12-23 2019-03-15 深圳市千禾盛科技有限公司 A kind of laminated film
CN110707340A (en) * 2019-09-27 2020-01-17 佛山科学技术学院 Composite multilayer corrosion-resistant film and application thereof
CN110724921A (en) * 2019-10-12 2020-01-24 华中科技大学 Intermittent magnetron sputtering method for improving disorder of amorphous material

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CN102912295A (en) * 2012-11-06 2013-02-06 浙江大学 High-elasticity metal film material
CN102925869A (en) * 2012-10-26 2013-02-13 西安交通大学 Method for preparing amorphous/nanometer crystal multilayer-structure film

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EP0191226B1 (en) * 1985-02-14 1991-02-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Rewritable magneto-optical disc
GB2312083B (en) * 1996-04-13 1998-08-19 Lg Electronics Inc An optical recording medium and a method of fabricating the same
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CN110724921B (en) * 2019-10-12 2021-04-06 华中科技大学 Intermittent magnetron sputtering method for improving disorder of amorphous material

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