CN108310232A - 一种用于治疗偏头痛的中药 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗偏头痛的中药 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于治疗偏头痛的中药，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：川芎25份、葛根10份、延胡9份、牛膝9份、地龙9份、细辛3份、白芷9份、天麻9份、钩藤10份。临床实验证明，本发明能够安全有效治疗偏头痛。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药，具体涉及一种用于治疗偏头痛的中药。
背景技术
偏头痛是一类发作性且常为单侧的搏动性头痛。在美国，偏头痛造成的社会经济负担为10～17亿美元。在我国也有大量患者因偏头痛而影响工作、学习和生活。多数患者有家族史。头痛可出现于围绕头或颈部的任何部位，可位颞侧、额部、眶部。多为单侧痛，也可为双侧痛，甚至发展为全头痛，其中单侧痛者约占2/3。头痛性质往往为搏动性痛，但也有的患者描述为钻痛。疼痛程度往往为中、重度痛，甚至难以忍受。往往是晨起后发病，逐渐发展，达高峰后逐渐缓解。偏头痛先兆可不伴头痛出现，称为偏头痛等位症。多见于儿童偏头痛。有时见于中年以后，先兆可为偏头痛发作的主要临床表现而头痛很轻或无头痛。也可与头痛发作交替出现，可表现为闪光、暗点、腹痛、腹泻、恶心、呕吐、复发性眩晕、偏瘫、偏身麻木及精神心理改变。如儿童良性发作性眩晕、前庭性梅尼埃病、成人良性复发性眩晕。有跟踪研究显示，为数不少的以往诊断为梅尼埃病的患者，其症状大多数与偏头痛有关。
本发明所涉及药材研究现状如下：
川芎【别名】芎藭、小叶川芎。【 来源 】本品为伞形科植物川芎的干燥根茎。夏季当茎上的节盘显着突出，并略带紫色时采挖，除去泥沙，晒后炕干，再去须根。【性味】辛，温。【归经】归肝、胆、心包经。【功能主治】活血行气，祛风止痛。用于月经不调，经闭痛经，症瘕腹痛，胸胁刺痛，跌扑肿痛，头痛，风湿痹痛。【用法用量】内服：煎汤，9～25g。【注意】 阴虚火旺，上盛下虚及气弱之人忌服。【摘录】《中华本草》。
葛根【别名】 葛藤、粉葛、干葛、葛麻藤。【来源】本品为豆科植物野葛或甘葛藤的干燥根。秋、冬二季采挖，野葛多趁鲜切成厚片或小块；干燥；甘葛藤习称“粉葛”，多除去外皮，用硫黄熏后，稍干，截段或再纵切两半，干燥。【性味】甘、辛，凉。【归经】归脾、胃经。【功能主治】解肌退热，生津，透疹，升阳止泻。用于外感发热头痛、项背强痛，口渴，消渴，麻疹不透，热痢，泄泻；高血压颈项强痛。【用法用量】内服：煎汤，9～15g。【注意】不可多服，恐损胃气。夏日表虚汗多尤忌。【摘录】《中华本草》。
延胡【别名】玄胡素、元胡、延胡索。【来源】本品为罂粟科植物延胡索的干燥块茎。夏初茎叶枯萎时采挖，除去须根，洗净，置沸水中煮至恰无白心时，取出，晒干。【性味】 辛、苦，温。【归经】归肝、脾经。【功能主治】活血，利气，止痛。用于胸胁、脘腹疼痛，经闭痛经，产后瘀阻，跌扑肿痛。【用法用量】内服：煎汤，3-9g。【注意】 孕妇慎用。【摘录】《中华本草》。
牛膝【别名】怀牛膝、牛髁膝、山苋菜、对节草、红牛膝、杜牛膝、土牛膝[野生品]。【来源】本品为苋科植物牛膝的干燥根。冬季茎叶枯萎时采挖，除去须根及泥沙，捆成小把，晒至干皱后，将顶端切齐，晒干。【性味】苦、酸，平。【归经】 归肝、肾经。【功能主治】 补肝肾，强筋骨，逐瘀通经，引血下行。用于腰膝酸痛，筋骨无力，经闭症瘕，肝阳眩晕。【用法用量】内服：煎汤，4.5～9g。【注意】孕妇慎用。【摘录】《中华本草》。
地龙【别名】蚯蚓、蛐蟮、曲虫、土蟺、赤虫。【来源】本品为巨蚓科动物参环毛蚓、通俗环毛蚓、威廉环毛蚓或栉盲环毛蚓的干燥体。前一种习称“广地龙”，后三种习称“沪地龙”。广地龙春季至秋季捕捉，沪地龙夏季捕捉，及时剖开腹部，除去内脏及泥沙，洗净，晒干或低温干燥。【性味】 咸，寒。【归经】归肝、脾、膀胱经。【功能主治】清热定惊，通络，平喘，利尿。用于高热神昏，惊痫抽搐，关节痹痛，肢体麻木，半身不遂，肺热喘咳，尿少水肿，高血压。【用法用量】内服：煎汤，4.5-9g。【注意】 脾胃虚寒不宜服，孕妇禁服。【摘录】《中华本草》。
细辛【别名】小辛，细草，少辛，独叶草、金盆草，山人参。【来源】 本品为马兜铃科植物北细辛、汉城细辛或华细辛的干燥全草。前二种习称“辽细辛”。夏季果熟期或初秋采挖，除去泥沙，阴干。【性味】 辛，温。【归经】归心、肺、肾经。【功能主治】祛风散寒，通窍止痛，温肺化饮。用于风寒感冒，头痛，牙痛，鼻塞鼻渊，风湿痹痛，痰饮喘咳。【用法用量】内服：煎汤，1～3g。【注意】不宜与藜芦同用。【摘录】《中华本草》。
白芷【别名】 薛、芷，芳香，苻蓠、泽芬，白茝，香白芷。 【来源 】本品为伞型科植物白芷或杭白芷的干燥根。夏、秋间叶黄时采挖，除去须根及泥沙，晒干或低温干燥。【性味】辛，温。【归经】归胃、大肠、肺经。【功能主治】 散风除湿，通窍止痛，消肿排脓。用于感冒头痛，眉棱骨痛，鼻塞，鼻渊，牙痛，白带，疮疡肿痛。【用法用量】内服：煎汤，3～9g。【注意】 阴虚血热者忌服。当归为之使。恶旋覆花。【摘录】《中华本草》。
天麻【别名】赤箭、木浦、明天麻、定风草根、白龙皮。【来源】本品为兰科植物天麻的干燥块茎。春季4～5月间采挖为“春麻”；立冬前9～10月间采挖的为“冬麻”，质量较好。挖起后趁鲜洗去泥土，用清水或白矾水略泡，刮去外皮，水煮或蒸透心，切片，摊开晾干。【性味】甘，平。【归经】 归肝经。【功能主治】平肝息风止痉。用于头痛眩晕，肢体麻木，小儿惊风，癫痫抽搐，破伤风。【用法用量】内服：煎汤，3～9g。【注意】使御风草根，勿使天麻，二件若同用，即令人有肠结之患。【摘录】《中华本草》。
钩藤【别名】 双钩藤、鹰爪风、吊风根、金钩草、倒挂刺。【 来源 】本品为茜草科植物钩藤、大叶钩藤 、毛钩藤、华钩藤或无柄果钩藤的干燥带钩茎枝。秋、冬二季采收，去叶，切段，晒干。【性味】 甘，凉。【归经】归肝、心包经。【功能主治】清热平肝，息风定惊。用于头痛眩晕，感冒夹惊，惊痫抽搐，妊娠子痫；高血压。【用法用量】内服：煎汤，3～12g。【注意】最能盗气，虚者勿投。【摘录】《中华本草》。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种用于治疗偏头痛的中药，通过选择合适的药材及其配比，达到安全有效治愈偏头痛的目的。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种用于治疗偏头痛的中药，其特征在于，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：川芎25份、葛根10份、延胡9份、牛膝9份、地龙9份、细辛3份、白芷9份、天麻9份、钩藤10份。
下面结合临床实验数据说明本发明的有益效果：
1、一般资料
发明人2012年10月~2013年10月间共收集门诊及住院偏头痛患者92例，随机分为治疗组46例与对照组46例，治疗组男25例，女21例，平均年龄40岁；对照组男23例，女23例，平均年龄45岁。2组性别、年龄及病程比较差异无统计学意义，具有可比性。
诊断标准
依据全国偏头痛临床专业会议的诊断标准：临床主要症状为头痛反复发作，每次可以持续4 h以上，头痛以单侧或双侧搏动性为主，痛势悠悠，时作时止，重者见头晕、恶心、纳差、畏光和畏声等。各项辅助检验确认无器质性病变，并排除外伤、炎症及其他疾病所致的头痛。中医诊断标准头痛：头部疼痛、头晕、面色暗、胸闷、胁胀、口燥渴、舌质紫暗、舌体瘀斑、苔薄黄、脉细弦。
2、试验方法
2.1治疗方法
治疗组口服本发明按照具体实施例3制得的胶囊剂，每日2次。疗程1个月。
对照组口服西比灵胶囊，每晚睡前1片，疗程10天。
3、疗效标准与治疗结果
3.1 疗效标准发作期疗效评价
治愈：用药24h内疼痛消失，48h内头痛无再次发生；
有效：用药24h内头痛症状从中度、重度减轻到轻度，48h内并维持疼痛减轻；
无效：用药72h内头痛无明显缓解。
3.2 疗效标准预防性治疗疗效评价
利用头痛日记记录治疗前后头痛每4周平均发作次数、每4周平均头痛天数以及头痛程度的分级，并根据积分法判定疗效。
临床控制：临床症状、体征积分改善大于95%以上 。
显效：临床症状、体征积分改善大于75%而小于90%。
有效：临床症状、体征积分改善大于30%而小于70%。
无效：临床症状、体征积分改善小于30%。
3.3 治疗结果见表1。
表1 两组疗效比较
| 组别 | n | 临床控制 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效率(%) | 严重不良反应例 |
| 治疗组 | 46 | 18 | 9 | 13 | 6 | 86.95% | 0 |
| 对照组 | 46 | 13 | 8 | 10 | 15 | 67.39% | 0 |
可见，本发明制得的药物能够安全有效治疗偏头痛，具有推广价值。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解和实施本发明，下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
称取：川芎25克、葛根10克、延胡9克、牛膝9克、地龙9克、细辛3克、白芷9克、天麻9克、钩藤10克；加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩至120克，即得符合正常成人一天用量的煎剂。
用于治疗偏头痛。口服，每日分早晚两次服用。
实施例2
称取：川芎25克、葛根10克、延胡9克、牛膝9克、地龙9克、细辛3克、白芷9克、天麻9克、钩藤10克；加10倍量水，煎煮2小时，过滤；滤渣加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，包装，即得符合正常成人一天用量的散剂。
用于治疗偏头痛。口服，每日分早晚两次服用。
实施例3
称取川芎25克、葛根10克、延胡9克、牛膝9克、地龙9克、细辛3克、白芷9克、天麻9克、钩藤10克；加6倍量水，煎煮3次，每次煎煮1小时，合并煎煮液，浓缩，干燥，装入胶囊壳，即得符合正常成人一天用量的胶囊剂。
用于治疗偏头痛。口服，每日分早晚两次服用。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于治疗偏头痛的中药，其特征在于，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：川芎25份、葛根10份、延胡9份、牛膝9份、地龙9份、细辛3份、白芷9份、天麻9份、钩藤10份。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于偏头痛的中药，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：川芎25份、葛根10份、延胡9份、牛膝9份、地龙9份、细辛3份、白芷9份、天麻9份、钩藤10份；加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩至120份，即得煎剂；上述份均是指重量份。
3.如权利要求1所述的用于治疗偏头痛的中药，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：川芎25份、葛根10份、延胡9份、牛膝9份、地龙9份、细辛3份、白芷9份、天麻9份、钩藤10份；加10倍量水，煎煮2小时，过滤；滤渣加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，包装，即得散剂；上述份均是指重量份。
4.如权利要求1所述的用于治疗偏头痛的中药，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：川芎25份、葛根10份、延胡9份、牛膝9份、地龙9份、细辛3份、白芷9份、天麻9份、钩藤10份；加6倍量水，煎煮3次，每次煎煮1小时，合并煎煮液，浓缩，干燥，装入胶囊壳，即得胶囊剂；上述份均是指重量份。
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| CN109394979B (zh) * | 2018-12-17 | 2021-04-06 | 南通市良春中医药临床研究所门诊部有限公司 | 一种治疗偏头痛的痛宁胶囊及其制备方法 |
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