CN108306574A - A kind of frequency converter safety operation area computational methods - Google Patents
A kind of frequency converter safety operation area computational methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN108306574A CN108306574A CN201810087387.7A CN201810087387A CN108306574A CN 108306574 A CN108306574 A CN 108306574A CN 201810087387 A CN201810087387 A CN 201810087387A CN 108306574 A CN108306574 A CN 108306574A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
- H02P23/08—Controlling based on slip frequency, e.g. adding slip frequency and speed proportional frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the converter used
- H02P2201/01—AC-AC converter stage controlled to provide a defined AC voltage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of frequency converter safety operation area computational methods, by the internal structure for furtheing investigate frequency converter, and to the rectification inside frequency converter, inversion link and the mechanical property of external motor operation have carried out systematic research and calculating, by the output voltage and electric current of each rectification link be calculated after theoretical voltage temporarily drops, the parameter that the output voltage of inversion link and the rotor current of threephase asynchronous machine and rotating speed can be worked normally with frequency converter and threephase asynchronous machine is compared, to obtain the whole safety operation area that can be worked normally when voltage dip occurs of frequency converter；Three rectification, inversion and motor operation links are considered that calculating speed is fast to calculate the safety operation area of frequency converter by the present invention as a whole under the premise of not borrowing experimental facilities, and computational accuracy is high, and will not cause any damage to frequency converter and motor.
Description
Technical field
In the case of electric power quality theory analysis techniques field, more particularly to generation voltage dip
The computational methods of frequency converter safety operation area.
Background technology
It is more and more using the user of sensitive load in power grid with science and technology and economic fast development, to electric energy
Quality proposes increasingly higher demands；Voltage dip is the main power quality problem for influencing electrical equipment normal operation.No
There is different operation characteristics with load, therefore influenced also to be not quite similar by voltage dip.Load in power supply network is set
It is standby, if voltage changes or suddenly change leads to its cisco unity malfunction, serious loss and harm are caused, we claim
This type load is sensitive equipment, such as computer power supply, adjustable speed motor, A.C. contactor, frequency converter, programmable logic controller (PLC)
Deng.
Compared to other equipment, the internal structure of frequency converter is more complicated, the electric power electricity such as internal rectifier and inverter
For sub-device to the more demanding of power quality, the voltage range that can be born is smaller.At this stage for A.C. contactor, computer
The equipment such as power supply are relatively more to the susceptibility of voltage dip and the analysis of safety operation area, and mostly use the side that experiment measures
Method, that is, the generation for utilizing experiment equipment analog voltage temporarily to drop and the working condition for measuring recording equipment；And experiment is used to measure
Method not only inefficiency, and due to need it is practical carry out voltage dip, equipment is easily damaged, for complicated, sensitive frequency conversion
Device is very not applicable.
Therefore a large amount of in industrial processes in view of the catholicity and seriousness and frequency converter of Problem of Voltage Temporary-Drop
It uses, it is necessary to work out one and be sleeved in the case of voltage dip and the safety operation area of frequency converter is analyzed by theoretical calculation
The effective ways of calculating.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of frequency converter safety operation area computational methods, can be by way of theoretical calculation
The safety operation area of frequency converter is obtained, computational efficiency is high, and any damage will not be caused to frequency converter.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of frequency converter safety operation area computational methods, include the following steps：
Step A, the amplitude that primary voltage temporarily drops occurs for setting power end, and the amplitude temporarily dropped according to the primary voltage of setting exists
Power end proceeds by primary theoretic voltage dip from rated voltage and calculates, i.e., it is temporary to subtract primary voltage using rated voltage
The amplitude of drop obtains theoretically power end and the voltage after voltage dip occurs；
Step B, the output that the voltage after voltage dip calculates rectification link in frequency converter occurs according to theoretically power end
Voltage and current；
Step C, inversion link in the output voltage and Current calculation frequency converter of the rectification link acquired according to step B calculating
Output voltage；
Step D, the voltage that the inversion link output acquired is calculated according to step C calculates the rotor speed of threephase asynchronous machine
And rotor current；
Step E, the amplitude temporarily dropped according to the primary voltage of step A settings carries out voltage dip calculating successively in power end,
Until power supply terminal voltage changes to 0 from rated voltage, and step B, step C and step are repeated after the calculating of voltage dip each time
D calculates separately the output voltage of rectification link and the rotor electricity of electric current, the output voltage of inversion link and threephase asynchronous machine
Stream and rotating speed, then by the output of the output voltage and electric current, inversion link of the rectification link being calculated after each voltage dip
The parameter that the rotor current and rotating speed of voltage and threephase asynchronous machine can be worked normally with frequency converter and threephase asynchronous machine
It is compared, obtains the safety operation area that frequency converter can integrally be worked normally when voltage dip occurs.
Further in the step A, the amplitude that the generation primary voltage of power end setting temporarily drops is the 5% of rated voltage
Or 10%.
Further in the step B, the output voltage of rectification link is set as VD, the output current of rectification link is ID,
The output voltage V of rectification linkDCalculation formula be：
V in formula1For line voltage virtual value, VSFor phase voltage virtual value, vABFor line voltage；
The output current I of rectification linkDComputational methods be：
If load inductance L=0, load resistance R, then ID=VD/ R, IDWaveform and VDIt is identical, each two in rectifier
Pole pipe is all 120 ° conductive, AC power electric current iA=vAB/R；If load inductance L ≠ 0, load resistance R, and L it is very big so that
In a DC voltage Pulse period, IDBe approximately steady state value, then iATo be the ideal rectangle wave of 120 ° of pulsewidths, current amplitude
ID=VD/ R, R indicate the resistance value of the load resistance of rectification link.
Further in the step C, rectification link output voltage and electric current in the frequency converter acquired are calculated according to step B
The output voltage for calculating inversion link includes the following steps：
Step C1, line voltage v is soughtABFourier analysis as a result, setting line voltage vABThe zero of time coordinate takes in N
Point, ordinate NY, then vABFourier analysis the result is that：
Step C2, line voltage fundamental voltage amplitude and line voltage fundamental wave virtual value are sought；
Line voltage fundamental voltage amplitude is：
Line voltage fundamental wave virtual value is：
Take the amplitude V of fundamental voltage1mFor the amplitude of the alternating voltage of inversion link output.
Further in the step D, the synchronous rotational speed of the rotor of threephase asynchronous machine
In formula, f1For mains frequency, p is the number of pole-pairs of the winding of threephase asynchronous machine；
So when asynchronous motor rotor is with rotating speed n constant speed rotaries, rotor current is expressed as
In formula,And X2sWhen respectively threephase asynchronous machine rotor rotates, the electromotive force of one phase of rotor windings and electric leakage
It is anti-； And X2When respectively threephase asynchronous machine rotor does not turn, electromotive force, electric current and the leakage reactance of a phase, s is slip
Rate.
The present invention by further investigate frequency converter internal structure, and to inside frequency converter rectification, inversion link and
The mechanical property of external motor operation has carried out systematic research, whole by being calculated after each progress theoretical voltage temporarily drop
Flow output voltage and electric current, the rotor current of the output voltage of inversion link and threephase asynchronous machine and rotating speed and the change of link
The parameter that frequency device and threephase asynchronous machine can work normally is compared, and voltage dip is occurring to show that frequency converter is whole
When the safety operation area that can work normally；The present invention transports rectification, inversion and motor under the premise of not borrowing experimental facilities
Three links of row consider that calculating speed is fast to calculate the safety operation area of frequency converter as a whole, and computational accuracy is high, and not
Any damage can be caused to frequency converter and motor.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the overall structure diagram of frequency converter of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the rectifier in frequency converter of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the inverter in frequency converter of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the equivalent structure figure of threephase asynchronous machine of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, include rectifier and inverter, A phases, the B phases of three-phase alternating-current supply inside frequency converter
It is connected with C phases with the rectifier in frequency converter, the inverter in frequency converter is connected with external threephase asynchronous machine；In Fig. 3
D1~D6For diode, VDAnd IDRespectively DC voltage and DC current；Three-phase inverter has 6 bridge arms, Mei Geqiao in Fig. 4
Arm is made of a controllable switch device and an antiparallel diode, T1~T6For controllable switch device, D1~D6For two poles
Pipe, P, Q are respectively the anode and negative terminal of DC terminal.
As shown in Figure 1, the frequency converter safety operation area computational methods that invention is described, mainly include the following steps：
Step A, the amplitude that primary voltage temporarily drops occurs for setting power end, and the amplitude that primary voltage temporarily drops is preferably specified
The 5% of voltage or 10%, by voltage dip by a small margin, the precision higher that frequency converter safety zone can be made to calculate；According to setting
The amplitude that temporarily drops of primary voltage proceed by primary theoretic voltage dip from rated voltage in power end and calculate, that is, utilize
Rated voltage subtracts the amplitude that primary voltage temporarily drops, and obtains theoretically power end and the voltage after voltage dip occurs.
Step B, the output that the voltage after voltage dip calculates rectification link in frequency converter occurs according to theoretically power end
Voltage and current.
As shown in figure 3, by a power cycle T of three-phase alternating voltageSIt is divided into 6 time zones, respectively Ith area, IIth area, III
Area, IVth area, Vth area and VIth area, in ω t=ω t1~ω t260 ° of time zones I in, vAVoltage highest, therefore A phases pass through D1Conduction,
Simultaneously because vBVoltage is minimum, and B phases pass through D6Conduction, I area P point current potentials v of Gup=vA, N point current potentials vN=vB；Rectified voltage VD
=vPN=vP-vN=vA-vB=vAB, i.e. D1、D6Conductive on the occasion of maximum line voltage vABIt is added in load.
It is sequentially line voltage v similarly in subsequent II, III, IV, V, VI time zoneAC(D1、D2It is conductive), vBC(D2、D3It leads
Electricity), vBA(D3、D4It is conductive), vCA(D4、D5It is conductive) and vCB(D5、D6It is conductive) it is maximum, therefore in a power cycle TSIn, VDBy 6
A identical pulse wave composition (m=6), each pulsewidth 60 ° of (π/3, TS/ 6), direct current average value is：
V in formula1For line voltage virtual value, VSFor phase voltage virtual value.
If load inductance L=0, load resistance R, then ID=VD/ R, IDWaveform and VDIt is identical, each two in rectifier
Pole pipe is all 120 ° conductive, AC power electric current iA=vAB(vAC)/R.If load inductance L ≠ 0, load resistance R, and L is very big
So that in a DC voltage Pulse period (60 °), IDBe approximately steady state value, then iATo be the ideal rectangle wave of 120 ° of pulsewidths,
Current amplitude ID=VD/R。
Step C, inversion link in the output voltage and Current calculation frequency converter of the rectification link acquired according to step B calculating
Output voltage.
Inverter has following three kinds of operating modes (on off state) in output half cycle：
Pattern 1：During 0≤ω t≤π/3, T5、T6、T1There is drive signal；A, C point of three-phase bridge connect anode P, B point connect it is negative
It is the load resistance of inverter output end, equivalent resistance R to hold Q, REWith DC side electric current i1Respectively：
vAN=vCN=vD/3
vBN=-i1R=-2VD/3
Pattern 2：During π/3≤π/3 of ω t≤2, T6、T1、T2There is drive signal；The A points of three-phase bridge meet anode P, B, C and connect negative
It is the load resistance of inverter output end, equivalent resistance R to hold Q, REWith DC side electric current i2Respectively：
Pattern 3：During 2 π/3≤ω t≤π, T1、T2、T3There is drive signal；A, B point of three-phase bridge meet anode P, C and connect negative terminal
Q, R are the load resistance of inverter output end, equivalent resistance REWith DC side electric current i3Respectively：
vAN=vBN=i3R/2=vD/3
vCN=-i3R=-2VD/3
According to above-mentioned analysis, when the load resistance of inverter uses star-like connection mode, phase voltage vAN、vBN、vCN's
Waveform is staircase waveform；If time coordinate starting point takes the starting point in staircase waveform, Fourier analysis, A phase load voltages v are utilizedAN's
Instantaneous value is：
Line voltage is 120 ° wide, amplitude VDSquare wave；If line voltage vABThe zero of time coordinate take in N points, indulge
Coordinate is NY, then vABFourier analysis the result is that：
The amplitude V of line voltage fundamental wave1mFor：
Line voltage fundamental wave virtual value V1For：
Step D, the voltage that the inversion link output acquired is calculated according to step C calculates the rotor speed of threephase asynchronous machine
And rotor current.
Threephase asynchronous machine synchronous rotational speed n1For：
In formula, f1For mains frequency, p is the number of pole-pairs of the winding of threephase asynchronous machine.
Threephase asynchronous machine is per phase voltage U1Value be：
U1≈E1=4.44f1N1kdp1φ1 (10)
In formula, E1For the induced electromotive force of one phase winding of stator, N1It is often in series the number of turns for stator winding, kN1For around system
Number, φmFor main flux.
Revolutional slip s is：
N is the rotating speed of the rotor of threephase asynchronous machine in formula.
When asynchronous motor rotor is with rotating speed n constant speed rotaries, the frequency f of electromotive force and electric current in rotor windings2For：
When rotor rotates, rotor windings are per emf phase E2sFor：
In formula, E2Corresponding to the rotor phase winding electromotive force of stator frequency, i.e., rotor does not turn, main flux is still φmWhen rotor
Emf phase, N2It is often in series the number of turns for stator winding, kN2For winding coefficient.
Corresponding to rotor current frequency f2Rotor leakage reactance X2sFor：
X2s=sX2 (14)
So when the rotor of threephase asynchronous machine is with rotating speed n constant speed rotaries, rotor currentIt is represented by：
In formula,X2sWhen respectively asynchronous motor rotor rotates, electromotive force, the electric current of one phase of rotor windings
And leakage reactance；X2When respectively motor rotor does not turn, electromotive force, electric current and the leakage reactance of one phase of rotor windings.
Due to the direct contact of asynchronous motor stator, rotor without electricity, rotor acts on stator simply by its magnetomotive force, because
As long as this ensures that its magnetomotive force is constant, the rotor of rotation, and each physical quantity in stator side can be replaced with a static rotor
Any variation does not occur, i.e., it is equivalent to power grid.Therefore according to commutation frequency by asynchronous motor equivalent-simplification as shown in figure 4, figure
Middle I1、I2' and I0' it is respectively stator current, rotor current and exciting current, R1、X1σ、R2、X2σ、Rm、XmRespectively stator and turn
The equiva lent impedance and excitation impedance of son, rotor current I can be obtained by simple equivalent circuit2' be：
Electromagnetic power PemFor：
Electromagnetic torque TemFor：
During implementing frequency control to motor by frequency converter, need to keepIt is constant, in frequency control
During, the electromagnetic torque of motor
At torque capacityCorresponding revolutional slip is sm, i.e.,
Therefore
Wushu (22) substitutes into formula (19), obtains
In formula, L2' be stationary rotor when one phase winding leakage inductance coefficient scaled value of rotor, X2The π f of '=21L2′。
Motor speed loss at torque capacity is
Find out from formula (23) and formula (24), in Control of Frequency Control Process, if keepingIt is constant, torque capacity TmFor constant,
It is unrelated with frequency, and the corresponding motor speed loss of torque capacity is equal, that is, each mechanical property of different frequency is parallel
, hardness is identical.
Step E, the amplitude temporarily dropped according to the primary voltage of step A settings carries out voltage dip calculating successively in power end,
The amplitude that the primary voltage of step A settings temporarily drops is subtracted on the basis of last time voltage dip, is recycled successively, until power end
Voltage changes to 0 from rated voltage, and repeats step B, step C and step D after the calculating of voltage dip each time and calculate separately
The output voltage and electric current of rectification link, the output voltage of inversion link and the rotor current of threephase asynchronous machine and rotating speed,
Again by the output voltage and electric current, the output voltage of inversion link and three of the rectification link being calculated after each voltage dip
The parameter that the rotor current and rotating speed of phase Induction Machines can be worked normally with frequency converter and threephase asynchronous machine is compared, and is obtained
Go out the safety operation area that frequency converter can integrally be worked normally when voltage dip occurs.
When voltage dip occurs due to power end, rectification, inversion link and outside inside frequency converter it is phase asynchronous
The normal work of motor can all be affected；The present invention by further investigate frequency converter internal structure, to calculate voltage dip
When generation the safety operation area of frequency converter is final goal, to the rectification inside frequency converter, inversion link and external motor
Mechanical property has carried out systematic research, under the premise of not borrowing experimental facilities, by rectification, inversion and motor operation three
Link considers to calculate the safety operation area of frequency converter as a whole, and calculating speed is fast, and computational accuracy is high, and will not be to becoming
Frequency device and motor cause any damage.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：It is still
It can modify to the technical solution recorded in previous embodiment, either which part or all technical features are carried out etc.
With replacement；And these modifications or replacements, technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
Range.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of frequency converter safety operation area computational methods, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step A, the amplitude that primary voltage temporarily drops occurs for setting power end, and the amplitude temporarily dropped according to the primary voltage of setting is in power supply
End proceeds by primary theoretic voltage dip from rated voltage and calculates, i.e., subtracts what primary voltage temporarily dropped using rated voltage
Amplitude obtains theoretically power end and the voltage after voltage dip occurs；
Step B, the output voltage that the voltage after voltage dip calculates rectification link in frequency converter occurs according to theoretically power end
And electric current；
Step C, according to step B calculate the rectification link acquired output voltage and inversion link in Current calculation frequency converter it is defeated
Go out voltage；
Step D, the voltage that the inversion link output acquired is calculated according to step C calculates the rotor speed of threephase asynchronous machine and turns
Electron current；
Step E, the amplitude temporarily dropped according to the primary voltage of step A settings carries out voltage dip calculating successively in power end, until
Power supply terminal voltage changes to 0 from rated voltage, and step B, step C and D points of step are repeated after the calculating of voltage dip each time
Not Ji Suan rectification link output voltage and electric current, the output voltage of inversion link and threephase asynchronous machine rotor current and
Rotating speed, then by the output voltage of the output voltage and electric current, inversion link of the rectification link being calculated after each voltage dip
And the rotor current and rotating speed of threephase asynchronous machine are carried out with the parameter that frequency converter and threephase asynchronous machine can work normally
Comparison obtains the safety operation area that frequency converter can integrally be worked normally when voltage dip occurs.
2. frequency converter safety operation area as described in claim 1 computational methods, it is characterised in that：In the step A, power end
The amplitude that the generation primary voltage of setting temporarily drops is the 5% or 10% of rated voltage.
3. frequency converter safety operation area as described in claim 1 computational methods, it is characterised in that：In the step B, setting is whole
The output voltage for flowing link is VD, the output current of rectification link is ID, the output voltage V of rectification linkDCalculation formula be：
V in formula1For line voltage virtual value, VSFor phase voltage virtual value, vABFor line voltage；
The output current I of rectification linkDComputational methods be：
If load inductance L=0, load resistance R, then ID=VD/ R, IDWaveform and VDIt is identical, each diode in rectifier
It is 120 ° conductive, AC power electric current iA=vAB/R；If load inductance L ≠ 0, load resistance R, and L is very big so that at one
In DC voltage Pulse period, IDBe approximately steady state value, then iATo be the ideal rectangle wave of 120 ° of pulsewidths, current amplitude ID=VD/
R, R indicate the resistance value of the load resistance of rectification link.
4. frequency converter safety operation area as described in claim 1 computational methods, it is characterised in that：In the step C, according to step
It includes following step that rapid B, which calculates rectification link output voltage and the output voltage of Current calculation inversion link in the frequency converter acquired,
Suddenly：Step C1, line voltage v is soughtABFourier analysis as a result, setting line voltage vABThe zero of time coordinate takes in N points, indulges
Coordinate is NY, then vABFourier analysis the result is that：
Step C2, line voltage fundamental voltage amplitude and line voltage fundamental wave virtual value are sought；
Line voltage fundamental voltage amplitude is：
Line voltage fundamental wave virtual value is：
Take the amplitude V of fundamental voltage1mFor the amplitude of the alternating voltage of inversion link output.
5. frequency converter safety operation area as described in claim 1 computational methods, it is characterised in that：In the step D, three is different
Walk the synchronous rotational speed of the rotor of motor
In formula, f1For mains frequency, p is the number of pole-pairs of the winding of threephase asynchronous machine；
So when asynchronous motor rotor is with rotating speed n constant speed rotaries, rotor current is expressed as
In formula,And X2sWhen respectively threephase asynchronous machine rotor rotates, the electromotive force and leakage reactance of one phase of rotor windings； And X2When respectively threephase asynchronous machine rotor does not turn, electromotive force, electric current and the leakage reactance of a phase, s is revolutional slip.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111597731A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-28 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Model selection method and device for three-phase variable frequency speed control system and readable storage medium |
| CN113315361A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-27 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Self-adaptive control method for under-voltage protection value of frequency converter |
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Application publication date: 20180720 |