CN108301972A - A kind of off-network small-size vertical axis wind turbine electromagnetism-mechanically combining brake apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of off-network small-size vertical axis wind turbine electromagnetism-mechanically combining brake apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108301972A CN108301972A CN201710020249.2A CN201710020249A CN108301972A CN 108301972 A CN108301972 A CN 108301972A CN 201710020249 A CN201710020249 A CN 201710020249A CN 108301972 A CN108301972 A CN 108301972A
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- vertical axis
- rotor part
- brake
- wind
- part disk
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/90—Braking
- F05B2260/902—Braking using frictional mechanical forces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/90—Braking
- F05B2260/903—Braking using electrical or magnetic forces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/101—Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/103—Purpose of the control system to affect the output of the engine
- F05B2270/1033—Power (if explicitly mentioned)
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
Abstract
A kind of off-network small-size vertical axis wind turbine electromagnetic and mechanical combination brake device disclosed by the invention, it is characterized in that：Including electromagnetic braking mechanism and the mechanical braking arrangement being connect with electromagnetic braking mechanism, the wind wheel of electromagnetic braking mechanism and vertical axis aerogenerator connects, and is operated synchronously with wind wheel；The pylon of mechanical braking arrangement and vertical axis aerogenerator connects.The present apparatus can effectively solve the problem that the problem excessively high in the excessive wind speed round of wind speed, and the torque braking generated by generator three-phase circuit short circuit and mechanical braking realize that the rotating speed of wind wheel is controllable；Increase the reliability of rotation speed of fan control, meanwhile in a certain range by the control of the rotating speed of wind wheel, being conducive to that generated output power is made to be maintained at a stable range, reduce due to generated output power it is unstable caused by injury to accumulator, prolong the service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind-driven generator, specifically a kind of off-network small-size vertical axis wind turbine electromagnetism-mechanically combining
Brake apparatus.
Background technology
With the variation of global climate, in terms of environment there are the problem of be increasingly valued by people, country pushes greatly
Row energy-saving and emission-reduction policy, reduces the consumption of the non-renewable energy resources such as fossil, and ratio of the clean energy resource in energy consumption can also be got over
Come bigger, and wind energy just belongs to typical clean energy resource, inexhaustible, has great advantage, is playing more
Carry out more important role.
The small-sized vertical axis windmill of off-network has many advantages：Vertical axis windmill is simple in structure, wheel rotation and wind direction
It is unrelated, it need not install to wind apparatus, manufacturing cost is few, and the noise of generation is also smaller, but equally exists some problems：Such as wind
Wheel speed is changed with the change of wind speed, and the current amplitude that such generator is sent out is also time changing, and electric current width
Value variation too conference has accumulator certain damage, so studying a kind of brake apparatus of vertical axis windmill makes wind speed round
It keeps and stablizes in normal operation interval to be very necessary.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is there is a problem of that power generation is unstable for existing vertical axis aerogenerator, and provide a kind of
Off-network small-size vertical axis wind turbine electromagnetism-mechanically combining brake apparatus, the device is easy to operate, the brake torque of generation
Greatly, the stability and reliability of braking are improved.
Realizing the technical solution of the object of the invention is：
A kind of off-network small-size vertical axis wind turbine electromagnetism-mechanically combining brake apparatus, including electromagnetic braking mechanism and with electricity
The wind wheel of the mechanical braking arrangement of magnetic brake mechanism connection, electromagnetic braking mechanism and vertical axis aerogenerator connects, and and wind
Wheel operates synchronously；The pylon of mechanical braking arrangement and vertical axis aerogenerator connects.
The electromagnetic braking mechanism is the disk generator being made of upper rotor part disk and the lower rotor part disk equipped with it, disc type
Generator further includes stator and around the pitch of the laps being located on stator, stator one end and the pivoting support bearing phase in upper rotor part disk
Even, the pylon of the other end and wind-driven generator connects, and stator and rotor is made to have relative motion, wherein：
Upper rotor part disk is connected by equally distributed pilot hole thereon with wind wheel, and keeps operating synchronously with it；In upper rotor part disk
Outer rim is respectively equipped with 3 column screw holes, is connected with lower rotor part disk, is also evenly distributed with 12 phases in yoke inside the upper rotor part disk
The opposite fan-shaped permanent magnet pole of adjacent pole polarity；
Lower rotor part disk is connected by 3 column screw holes that its outer rim is arranged with upper rotor part disk, inside the lower rotor part disk in yoke
Even that the opposite polarity fan-shaped permanent magnet pole of 12 adjacent poles is distributed with, bottom centre is convex by the hollow cylinder with screw hole
The brake disc of platform and mechanical braking arrangement connects.
The mechanical braking arrangement includes brake disc, hydraulic arm, connecting rod, multiple friction components and multiple locked components；
Brake disc is connected with lower rotor part disk, and friction component, locked component are separately positioned on hydraulic arm both sides, and connecting rod one end is sent out with wind-force
The pylon of motor is connected, and the other end is connected with hydraulic arm, and hydraulic arm is fixed on the pylon of wind-driven generator.
Center offers 3 through-holes on the brake disc, and surface is evenly distributed with 12 locked holes.
The friction component includes brake arm and is symmetrically distributed in two hydraulic pressure slots of brake arm both sides, and two hydraulic pressure slots are mutual
It is connected, cylindrical brake pile is installed in hydraulic pressure slot, by hydraulic control brake pile movement, makes brake pile and brake dish type
At friction, wind-driven generator rotating speed is reduced.
The locked component includes the electromagnet for being separately positioned on hydraulic arm both sides and locked pin, locks pin and spring phase
Even, so that locked pin is overcome spring tension by electromagnet energization, pass through the locked hole on brake disc, realize that machinery is locked.
Electromagnetic and mechanical combination brake device of the present invention is mounted between the wind wheel and rack of vertical axis aerogenerator, just
In normal wind speed range, generator only generates electricity, and after wind speed is more than wind turbine rated speed, generator charging circuit disconnects,
Electricity generator stator coil three-phase circuit short circuit, coil inside generates three short circuit current, under the action of generator magnetic field,
Braking moment is generated, and wind speed round is lower, the braking moment that generator magnetic field generates is bigger.When wind speed is excessive,
When the mode of electromagnetic braking can not meet the requirement of braking, the mode of mechanical braking can be taken further to brake at this time, reached
The purpose of stoppage protection when wind speed is excessive.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
（1）It can effectively solve the problem that the problem excessively high in the excessive wind speed round of wind speed, pass through generator three-phase circuit short circuit
The torque of generation is braked and mechanical braking, realizes that the rotating speed of wind wheel is controllable；
（2）There are two types of mode Associated brakes for this brake apparatus, increase the reliability of rotation speed of fan control, meanwhile, by wind wheel
Rotating speed controls in a certain range, is conducive to that generated output power is made to be maintained at a stable range, reduces due to power generation
To the injury of accumulator caused by machine output power is unstable, prolong the service life.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of combination brake device of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of electromagnetic braking mechanism；
Fig. 3 is upper rotor part disk internal structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of lower rotor part disk；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of mechanical braking arrangement；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of brake disc；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of hydraulic arm；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of hydraulic arm；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of connecting rod；
Figure 10 is the stator coil winding mode and circuit connection diagram of electromagnetic braking mechanism.
In figure：1. 2. lower rotor part disk of upper rotor part disk 1-1. hollow cylinder boss 1-2. column screw hole 1-3. pilot holes
3. brake disc 3-1. through-holes 3-2. of 2-1. hollow cylinder boss 2-2. screw holes locks 4. hydraulic arm 4-1. screw holes 4-2. of hole
5. connecting rod 5-1. fixed plate 5-2. arc fixed plates 6. of fuel feed hole brake, and 7. through-hole of pile, 8. electromagnet 9. is locked to be sold
10. 11. hydraulic pump of stator coil, 12. oil pipe, 13. pylon.
Specific implementation mode
Next below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the invention will be further described, but is not limitation of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of off-network small-size vertical axis wind turbine electromagnetic and mechanical combination brake device of the present invention, by upper
Rotor disk 1, lower rotor part disk 2, brake disc 3, hydraulic arm 4, connecting rod 5, oil pipe 12, hydraulic pump 11 and tower bar 13 are constituted, upper rotor part
Disk 1 and the matching of lower rotor part disk 2 are equipped, and lower rotor part disk 2 is connect with brake disc 3, and brake disc 3 is connect with hydraulic arm 4, hydraulic arm 4 and
Connecting rod 5 connects, and is fixed in tower bar 13, hydraulic arm 4 is connect by oil pipe 12 with hydraulic pump 11.
As Figure 2-3, upper rotor part disk 1 is connect by three pilot hole 1-3 bolts that top is equipped with wind wheel, upper to turn
Sub-disk 1 is connected by pilot hole 1-2 with bolt with lower rotor part disk 2, realizes that wind wheel is operated synchronously with outer rotor.
There are one slewing bearing, stator axis upper end and revolutions for the boring cylinder boss 1-1 installations of upper rotor part disk 1
Spring bearing is connected, and stator coil 9 is mounted in stator axis, and stator coil 9 is surrounded by outer rotor upper cover 1 and lower rotor part disk 2, fixed
Sub- axis lower end is fixed with tower bar 13.
As shown in Fig. 2,4,5, lower rotor part disk 2 is equipped with by bottom on hollow cylinder boss 2-1 screw hole 2-2 and brake
Disk 3 is connected.Brake disc 3 is equipped with locked hole 3-2.
As shown in Figure 5-10, hydraulic arm 4 is connected to one by the screw hole 4-1 of bottom and the fixed plate 5-1 of 5 one end of connecting rod
It rises, the other end arc fixed plate 5-2 of connecting rod 5 is connected with blower fan pylon, to ensure that 4 position of hydraulic arm is fixed.
Brake pile 6 is installed in the two side of hydraulic arm 4, has through-hole 7 on hydraulic arm 4, is provided in one end of through-hole 7
Have the locked pin 9 of spring, the other end in hole that electromagnet 8 is installed, when wind turbine upon completion of the braking, electromagnet 8 be powered, to one end
Locked pin 9 generate attraction, so that locked pin 9 is passed through the locked hole 3-2 on brake disc 3, achieve the purpose that wind wheel is locked.When need
When starting wind turbine, electromagnet 8 is disconnected, locked pin 9 exits locked hole 3-2 under the stretching of spring, and wind wheel starts to rotate.
Locked pin 9 is mainly sheared, and the diameter of locked pin 9 is determined by following formula：
(1)
(2)
(3)
In formula：M --- wind wheel stops required torque（N*m）；The centre distance of L --- stator core and locked hole（m）；——
Yield strength（N/）；S --- locked pin cross-sectional area（）；D --- locked pin diameter（m）；
It is obtained according to inspection information：The torque of general small-sized wind power generator takes M=2.5N*m, L herein between 1.2-2.3 N*m
=0.10m, locks general No. 35 steel of 9 material selection of pin, and the yield strength that can bear is 315N/, thus acquire lock
Dead 9 effective diameter of pin isM, diameter 0.01m when being designed much smaller than locked pin 9, so locked pin 9 can be full
Sufficient job requirement.
By taking certain small-size vertical axis wind turbine as an example, if the normal wind speed ranging from 2m/s to 13m/ of wind energy conversion system work
Between s, its brake condition is specifically described below：
During the work time, when wind speed is less than 2m/s, since wind speed is too small, staring torque is inadequate for the present apparatus, and wind turbine, which is in, to stop
Only state；When wind speed is more than 2m/s, wind wheel starts that generator outer rotor 1,2 is driven to rotate, and three-phase is generated in stator coil 10
Alternating current becomes DC current by rectifier and is stored in accumulator；As wind speed increases, when wind speed is more than the volume of wind turbine
After determining wind speed, velocity sensor detects that the rotating speed of wind wheel is excessive, and signal is passed to electronic control unit, is disconnected at this time
K1, is closed k2, k3, generates three short circuit current in circuit, is formed under the magnetic fields of upper rotor part disk 1 and lower rotor part disk 2 pair
The braking moment of stator coil 10, wind turbine enter electromagnetic braking state, and wind turbine adjusts variable resistance according to the size of rotating speed at this time
Resistance value control loop in electric current, and then control the braking moment size that generates in motor, wind wheel made stable to turn at one
Fast section operating.
After by electromagnetic braking, when rotation speed of fan is still excessively high, then need to carry out shutdown operation at this time to protect wind turbine
Safety.Tach signal will be passed to the hydraulic pump in mechanical brake device by velocity sensor at this time, and hydraulic pump leads to hydraulic oil
It crosses oil circuit to be transported in the oil pocket equipped with brake pile 6, brake pile 6 is made to clamp the mechanical brake that brake disc 3 forms wind turbine.Make wind turbine
Rotating speed reduces, and gives electromagnet 8 to be powered at this time, makes locked pin across locked hole 3-2, achievees the purpose that wind turbine self-locking.
From the point of view of torque caused by the small-sized vertical axis windmill braking of off-network, mechanical braking part is dynamic for providing
The hydraulic pump of power can select CB-B4 type Mini gear pumps, this model hydraulic pump that can provide the pressure of 2.5MPa, meet braking
Shi Suoxu pressure, rotating speed 1450r/min, discharge capacity 4L/min, driving power 0.21kw, weight 2.8kg reduce electricity since power is low
It can be lost, while light-weight, decrease the load capacity of blower fan pylon, be more conform with the weight demands of small-sized fan.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of off-network small-size vertical axis wind turbine electromagnetism-mechanically combining brake apparatus, it is characterized in that：Including electromagnetic braking
The wind wheel of mechanism and the mechanical braking arrangement being connect with electromagnetic braking mechanism, electromagnetic braking mechanism and vertical axis aerogenerator connects
It connects, and is operated synchronously with wind wheel；The pylon of mechanical braking arrangement and vertical axis aerogenerator connects.
2. off-network small-size vertical axis wind turbine electromagnetism-mechanically combining brake apparatus according to claim 1, feature
It is：The electromagnetic braking mechanism is the disk generator being made of upper rotor part disk and the lower rotor part disk equipped with it, disc type power generation
Further include stator and around the pitch of the laps being located on stator inside machine, stator one end is connected with the pivoting support bearing in upper rotor part disk,
The pylon of the other end and wind-driven generator connects, and stator and rotor is made to have relative motion, wherein：
Upper rotor part disk is connected by equally distributed pilot hole thereon with wind wheel, and keeps operating synchronously with it；In upper rotor part disk
Outer rim is respectively equipped with 3 column screw holes, is connected with lower rotor part disk, is also evenly distributed with 12 phases in yoke inside the upper rotor part disk
The opposite fan-shaped permanent magnet pole of adjacent pole polarity；
Lower rotor part disk is connected by 3 column screw holes that its outer rim is arranged with upper rotor part disk, inside the lower rotor part disk in yoke
Even that the opposite polarity fan-shaped permanent magnet pole of 12 adjacent poles is distributed with, bottom centre is convex by the hollow cylinder with screw hole
The brake disc of platform and mechanical braking arrangement connects.
3. off-network small-size vertical axis wind turbine electromagnetism-mechanically combining brake apparatus according to claim 1, feature
It is：The mechanical braking arrangement includes brake disc, hydraulic arm, connecting rod, multiple friction components and multiple locked components；Brake disc
It is connected with lower rotor part disk, friction component, locked component are separately positioned on hydraulic arm both sides, connecting rod one end and wind-driven generator
Pylon is connected, and the other end is connected with hydraulic arm, and hydraulic arm is fixed on the pylon of wind-driven generator.
4. off-network small-size vertical axis wind turbine electromagnetism-mechanically combining brake apparatus according to claim 3, feature
It is：Center offers 3 through-holes on the brake disc, and surface is evenly distributed with 12 locked holes.
5. off-network small-size vertical axis wind turbine electromagnetism-mechanically combining brake apparatus according to claim 3, feature
It is：The friction component includes brake arm and is symmetrically distributed in two hydraulic pressure slots of brake arm both sides, and two hydraulic pressure slots are mutually connected
It is logical, cylindrical brake pile is installed in hydraulic pressure slot, by hydraulic control brake pile movement, so that brake pile is formed with brake disc and rubs
It wipes, reduces wind-driven generator rotating speed.
6. off-network small-size vertical axis wind turbine electromagnetism-mechanically combining brake apparatus according to claim 3, feature
It is：The locked component includes the electromagnet for being separately positioned on hydraulic arm both sides and locked pin, and locked pin is connected with spring, passes through
Electromagnet energization makes locked pin overcome spring tension, passes through the locked hole on brake disc, realizes that machinery is locked.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710020249.2A CN108301972A (en) | 2017-01-12 | 2017-01-12 | A kind of off-network small-size vertical axis wind turbine electromagnetism-mechanically combining brake apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710020249.2A CN108301972A (en) | 2017-01-12 | 2017-01-12 | A kind of off-network small-size vertical axis wind turbine electromagnetism-mechanically combining brake apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108301972A true CN108301972A (en) | 2018-07-20 |
Family
ID=62872218
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710020249.2A Withdrawn CN108301972A (en) | 2017-01-12 | 2017-01-12 | A kind of off-network small-size vertical axis wind turbine electromagnetism-mechanically combining brake apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108301972A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111997832A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-27 | 上海交通大学 | Double-impeller grid-connected wind driven generator |
-
2017
- 2017-01-12 CN CN201710020249.2A patent/CN108301972A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111997832A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-27 | 上海交通大学 | Double-impeller grid-connected wind driven generator |
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Application publication date: 20180720 |
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