CN108299298B - Efficient extraction method of norisoboldine - Google Patents

Efficient extraction method of norisoboldine Download PDF

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CN108299298B
CN108299298B CN201810122172.4A CN201810122172A CN108299298B CN 108299298 B CN108299298 B CN 108299298B CN 201810122172 A CN201810122172 A CN 201810122172A CN 108299298 B CN108299298 B CN 108299298B
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norisoboldine
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raffinate
ionic liquid
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CN108299298A (en
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王丽玲
柏明娥
秦玉川
刘本同
王衍彬
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Zhejiang Academy of Forestry
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    • C07D221/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
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Abstract

A method for efficiently extracting norisoboldine belongs to the technical field of extraction and separation of phytochemical components. The method comprises the following process steps: (1) supercritical CO2Degreasing; (2) extracting an ionic liquid aqueous solution; (3) and (4) extracting with an organic solvent. The method is a novel process for efficiently extracting and preparing norisoboldine components, the obtained norisoboldine has high extraction rate and high purity and quality, the ionic liquid can be recycled, the operation is convenient, the process is green and environment-friendly, and the method has good popularization and application prospects.

Description

Efficient extraction method of norisoboldine
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of extraction and separation of phytochemicals, and particularly relates to a method for efficiently extracting norisoboldine.
Background
The norisoboldine belongs to benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, is one of main drug effect components in the traditional Chinese medicine lindera root, and researches show that the norisoboldine has a plurality of pharmacological activities and particularly has good curative effect on arthritis. Norisoboldine has chemical name of 1, 9-dihydroxy-2, 10-dimethoxy opium poppy base and molecular formula of Norisoboldine18H19NO4Molecular weight of 313.35, and structural formula as follows:
Figure 61123DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
at present, other patent methods for extracting and separating norisoboldine exist, for example, a Chinese patent with publication number of CN 102399186B and publication number of 9/25/2013 discloses a method for separating and purifying norisoboldine monomers, which comprises the following steps: a, extraction: pulverizing radix Linderae into coarse powder, and extracting with ethanol under reflux to obtain concentrated extract; b, extraction: extracting the concentrated extract with chloroform to obtain crude norisoboldine; c, crystallization: filtering and drying the crude product with an organic solvent to obtain the norisoboldine monomer product with the purity of more than or equal to 98 percent. The method mainly adopts the traditional ethanol machine solvent extraction, and has the problems of low selectivity of the extraction solvent, more impurities, low extraction efficiency and the like.
Also, for example, chinese patent publication No. CN 102432534 a, publication No. 2012/02/2012, discloses a method for extracting norisoboldine from lindera strychnifolia, which comprises the following steps: pulverizing radix Linderae, adding CO2In the supercritical extractor, ethyl acetate is used as entrainer, the entrainer accounts for 2-5% of the total extraction solvent by volume, the extraction pressure is 30-40MPa, the temperature is 50-60 ℃, and CO is added2Crude drug with flow rate of 2-4 ml/g/min, extracting for 80-120min to obtain extract, adsorbing with macroporous adsorbent resin column, eluting with 50-70% ethanol, collecting eluate with 3-8 times of column volume, recovering ethanol under reduced pressure, concentrating, and loading onto silica gel chromatographic column at a ratio of 4: eluting with dichloromethane-methanol mixed solvent of 1, collecting the eluate according to column volume fraction, mixing the 5 th-9 th eluate, recovering solvent under reduced pressure, concentrating, adding acetone for crystallization, separating the crystal, washing, and drying. Our experimental studies show that CO alone is used2Norisoboldine cannot be extracted as a supercritical extractant, and CO in the process2Ethyl acetate is added in the supercritical extraction as an entrainer, so that the extraction range of the supercritical fluid is enlarged to a certain extent, the impurity content of the non-norisoboldine components is increased, and the problems of low extraction efficiency and more impurities exist; macroporous adsorption resin and silica gel column chromatography are adopted as conventional general techniques for purifying the phytochemical components.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to design and provide a combined application supercritical CO2A technical method for preparing norisoboldine by extraction and selective extraction of ionic liquid. The method selects radix Linderae root tuber as raw material, and adopts supercritical CO2Removing fat-soluble components in radix Linderae, and extracting with proper ionic liquid to obtain norisoboldine. The method overcomes the problems of low extraction rate and more impurities in the extract, and has high efficiency, simple process, and green colorEnvironmental protection, low cost and suitability for certain scale production.
The method for efficiently extracting norisoboldine is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
(1) degreasing: adding pulverized and sieved radix Linderae root tuber powder into supercritical CO2Supercritical CO extraction in an extraction apparatus2Extracting, namely obtaining lindera aggregata raffinate from an extraction device after extraction is finished, and obtaining an extract from a receiving bottle of a separation kettle;
(2) extraction: mixing the above supercritical substance CO2Adding the lindera aggregata extract into an ionic liquid aqueous solution, carrying out ultrasonic-assisted extraction to obtain an extracting solution, and filtering the extracting solution to obtain a filtrate and a solid material;
(3) and (3) extraction: adding the ionic liquid extraction filtrate into an organic solvent for extraction, standing for layering to obtain an upper organic phase extraction liquid and a lower water solution, and concentrating the upper organic phase extraction liquid under reduced pressure to obtain norisoboldine.
The method for efficiently extracting norisoboldine is characterized in that supercritical CO in the step (1)2The extraction conditions were: the temperature is 40-60 ℃, the pressure is 20-30 MPa, the static holding time is 30-60 minutes, and the dynamic extraction time is 30-120 minutes.
The method for efficiently extracting norisoboldine is characterized in that the ionic liquid in the ionic liquid aqueous solution in the step (2) is 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, the ionic concentration is 0.25-2.5 mol/L, the mass-volume ratio of the lindera aggregata raffinate to the ionic liquid aqueous solution is 1: 10-100, and the ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions are as follows: the extraction time is 15-120 minutes; the ultrasonic power is 300-500W.
The method for efficiently extracting norisoboldine is characterized in that the organic solvent in the step (3) is ethyl acetate or n-butanol.
The method for efficiently extracting norisoboldine is characterized in that residual organic solvent on the upper layer of the lower raffinate in the step (3) is removed by decompression concentration, and the lower raffinate is diluted with water to proper concentration for continuous use; or concentrating the lower raffinate under reduced pressure to completely remove water and organic solvent, drying to obtain recovered ionic liquid, storing in dry environment, and recycling in later extraction and separation.
According to the method of the invention, supercritical CO is utilized2Fat-soluble components in the root tuber of the lindera aggregate are removed, the designability of the ionic liquid is fully utilized, and the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide is screened out and used for efficiently extracting norisoboldine. Compared with the yield of norisoboldine extracted from combined spicebush root by a methanol-hydrochloric acid reflux method adopted in the pharmacopoeia of 2015 edition, the relative extraction rate of norisoboldine obtained by the method can reach more than 100%, and meanwhile, the purity is more than 70%, so that the subsequent purification process steps can be greatly simplified, and the large-scale production is facilitated; meanwhile, the ionic liquid can be recycled by a proper method. The method is a novel process for efficiently extracting and preparing norisoboldine components, the obtained norisoboldine has high extraction rate and high purity and quality, the ionic liquid can be recycled, the operation is convenient, the process is green and environment-friendly, and the method has good popularization and application prospects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an HPLC chromatogram of norisoboldine of example 1 of the present invention; the peak of the chromatogram at retention time of 12.1 min is norisoboldine.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto:
the preparation method of the radix aconiti kusnezoffii root tuber powder comprises the following steps: the radix Linderae root tuber is dehydrated and dried to water content below 10%, pulverized by pulverizer and sieved with 20 mesh sieve, and the powder is sealed and stored in dry environment.
The liquid chromatography conditions for analyzing norisoboldine in the lindera aggregata extract are as follows: octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica C18 column (4.6 mm. times.250 mm, 5 μm) as filler, acetonitrile as mobile phase, and solution containing 0.5% formic acid and 0.1% triethylamine as mobile phase B, and gradient elution time program: the mobile phase A is 10 → 22% and the mobile phase B is 90 → 78% in 0-13 min; the mobile phase A accounts for 22% and the mobile phase B accounts for 78% in 13-25 minutes; the detection wavelength was 280 nm. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, the column temperature was 30 ℃ and the amount of sample was 10. mu.l.
Example 1
Adding 5g radix Linderae root tuber powder into supercritical reaction kettle, heating the extraction kettle respectively, and starting CO when 60 deg.C is reached2The system was pressurized by a gas cylinder, and when a pressure of 25MPa was reached, static hold was started for 60 minutes, and after dynamic extraction was continued for 120 minutes at 3 mL/min, lindera strychnifolia raffinate was obtained from the extraction apparatus, and extract (0.1258 g) was obtained from the separation pot receiver flask.
Adding 2.5 mol/L1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution 200ml (the mass-volume ratio of the lindera aggregata raffinate to the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution is 1: 40), standing for 30 minutes, performing ultrasonic extraction for 30 minutes under the power of over 300W to obtain an extracting solution, and filtering by using filter paper to obtain a filtrate.
Extracting the filtrate with water saturated ethyl acetate for 5 times (200 ml each time), mixing the upper ethyl acetate extractive solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure with rotary evaporator, and evaporating to dryness to obtain norisoboldine, whose HPLC chromatogram is shown in FIG. 1. The extraction yield of norisoboldine is 0.836%, the relative extraction rate is 110.7%, and the purity is 75.857%. The lower layer water liquid B is prepared into proper concentration for further use after residual ethyl acetate is removed by a rotary evaporator. If the extraction process is finished, the extract can be concentrated and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, and the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid is recovered.
Example 2
Adding 5g radix Linderae root tuber powder into supercritical reaction kettle, heating the extraction kettle respectively, and starting CO when the temperature reaches 40 deg.C2The system was pressurized by a gas cylinder, and when a pressure of 30MPa was reached, static hold was started for 30 minutes, and after further dynamic extraction at 4 mL/min for 120 minutes, the lindera strychnifolia raffinate was obtained from the extraction apparatus, and the extract (0.1386 g) was obtained from the separation pot receiver flask.
Adding 1.5 mol/L1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution 200ml (the mass-volume ratio of the lindera aggregata raffinate to the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution is 1: 40), standing for 30 minutes, performing ultrasonic extraction for 60 minutes under the power of over 400W to obtain an extracting solution, and filtering by using filter paper to obtain a filtrate.
Extracting the filtrate with water saturated n-butanol for 5 times (200 ml each time), mixing the upper n-butanol extractive solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure with rotary evaporator, and evaporating to obtain norisoboldine. The extraction yield of norisoboldine is 0.818 percent, the relative extraction rate is 108.3 percent, and the purity is 75.659 percent. Removing residual n-butanol from the lower water solution with rotary evaporator, and concocting to appropriate concentration for further use. If the extraction process is finished, the extract can be concentrated and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, and the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid is recovered.
Example 3
Adding 5g radix Linderae root tuber powder into supercritical reaction kettle, heating the extraction kettle respectively, and starting CO when 60 deg.C is reached2The system was pressurized by a gas cylinder, and when a pressure of 20MPa was reached, static hold was started for 60 minutes, and then after dynamic extraction was continued for 90 minutes at 4 mL/min, the lindera strychnifolia raffinate was obtained from the extraction apparatus, and the extract (0.1390 g) was obtained from the separation pot receiver flask.
Adding 100ml of 2.5 mol/L1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution into the lindera aggregata raffinate (the mass-volume ratio of the lindera aggregata raffinate to the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution is 1: 20), standing for 30 minutes, performing ultrasonic extraction for 60 minutes under the power of over 300W to obtain an extracting solution, and filtering by using filter paper to obtain a filtrate.
Extracting the filtrate with water saturated ethyl acetate for 5 times (each time 100 ml), mixing the upper ethyl acetate extractive solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure with rotary evaporator, and evaporating to dryness to obtain norisoboldine. The extraction yield of norisoboldine is 0.806%, the relative extraction rate is 106.8%, and the purity is 74.461%. The lower water solution is prepared into proper concentration for further use after residual ethyl acetate is removed by a rotary evaporator. If the extraction process is finished, the extract can be concentrated and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, and the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid is recovered.
Example 4
Adding 5g radix Linderae root tuber powder into supercritical reaction kettle, heating the extraction kettle respectively, and starting CO when the temperature reaches 50 deg.C2Gas cylinder adds to the systemPressure, when 30MPa pressure was reached, static hold was started for 45 minutes, and after dynamic extraction was continued for 90 minutes at 3 mL/min, lindera strychnifolia raffinate was obtained from the extraction apparatus, and extract (0.1246 g) was obtained from the separation vessel receiving bottle.
Adding 2.5mol/L of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution 300ml (the mass-volume ratio of the lindera aggregata raffinate to the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution is 1: 60), standing for 30 minutes, performing ultrasonic extraction for 60 minutes under the power of over 300W to obtain an extracting solution, and filtering by using filter paper to obtain a filtrate.
Extracting the filtrate with water saturated n-butanol for 5 times (300 ml each time), mixing the upper n-butanol extractive solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure with rotary evaporator, and evaporating to obtain norisoboldine. The extraction yield of norisoboldine is 0.805%, the relative extraction rate is 106.6%, and the purity is 79.453%. Removing residual n-butanol from the lower water solution with rotary evaporator, and concocting to appropriate concentration for further use. If the extraction process is finished, the extract can be concentrated and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, and the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid is recovered.
Example 5
Adding 5g radix Linderae root tuber powder into supercritical reaction kettle, heating the extraction kettle respectively, and starting CO when the temperature reaches 40 deg.C2The system was pressurized by a gas cylinder, and when 25MPa pressure was reached, static hold was started for 60 minutes, and then after dynamic extraction was continued for 90 minutes at 5 mL/min, lindera strychnifolia raffinate was obtained from the extraction unit, and extract (0.1442 g) was obtained from the separation pot receiving cylinder.
Adding 1.5 mol/L1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution 200ml (the mass-volume ratio of the lindera root raffinate to the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution is 1: 40), standing for 30 minutes, performing ultrasonic extraction for 60 minutes under the power of over 300W to obtain an extracting solution, and filtering by using filter paper to obtain a filtrate.
Extracting the filtrate with water saturated ethyl acetate for 5 times (200 ml each time), mixing the upper ethyl acetate extractive solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure with rotary evaporator, and evaporating to obtain norisoboldine. The extraction yield of norisoboldine is 0.846%, the relative extraction rate is 106.6%, and the purity is 73.573%. The lower water solution is prepared into proper concentration for further use after residual ethyl acetate is removed by a rotary evaporator. If the extraction process is finished, the extract can be concentrated and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, and the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid is recovered.
Example 6
Adding 5g radix Linderae root tuber powder into supercritical reaction kettle, heating the extraction kettle respectively, and starting CO when 60 deg.C is reached2The system was pressurized by a gas cylinder, and when 30MPa pressure was reached, static hold was started for 40 minutes, and then dynamic extraction was continued at 5 mL/min for 60 minutes, after which lindera strychnifolia raffinate was obtained from the extraction apparatus and extract (0.1420 g) was obtained from the separation pot receiving cylinder.
Adding 2.5 mol/L1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution 200ml (the mass-volume ratio of the lindera aggregata raffinate to the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution is 1: 40), standing for 30 minutes, performing ultrasonic extraction for 90 minutes under the power of over 300W to obtain an extracting solution, and filtering by using filter paper to obtain a filtrate.
Extracting the filtrate with water saturated n-butanol for 5 times (200 ml each time), mixing the upper n-butanol extractive solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure with rotary evaporator, and evaporating to obtain norisoboldine. The extraction yield of norisoboldine is 0.850%, the relative extraction rate is 112.6%, and the purity is 75.477%. Removing residual n-butanol from the lower water solution with rotary evaporator, and concocting to appropriate concentration for further use. If the extraction process is finished, the extract can be concentrated and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, and the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid is recovered.
Example 7
Adding 5g radix Linderae root tuber powder into supercritical reaction kettle, heating the extraction kettle respectively, and starting CO when the temperature reaches 40 deg.C2The system was pressurized by a gas cylinder, and when a pressure of 20MPa was reached, static hold was started for 60 minutes, and after dynamic extraction was continued for 60 minutes at 3 mL/min, lindera strychnifolia raffinate was obtained from the extraction apparatus, and extract (0.1433 g) was obtained from the separation pot receiver flask.
Adding 1.5 mol/L1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution 200ml (the mass-volume ratio of the lindera root raffinate to the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution is 1: 40), standing for 30 minutes, performing ultrasonic extraction for 60 minutes under the power of over 300W to obtain an extracting solution, and filtering by using filter paper to obtain a filtrate.
Extracting the filtrate with water saturated ethyl acetate for 5 times (200 ml each time), mixing the upper ethyl acetate extractive solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure with rotary evaporator, and evaporating to obtain norisoboldine. The extraction yield of norisoboldine is 0.853%, the relative extraction rate is 112.9%, and the purity is 76.478%. The lower water solution is prepared into proper concentration for further use after residual ethyl acetate is removed by a rotary evaporator. If the extraction process is finished, the extract can be concentrated and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, and the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid is recovered.
Example 8
Adding 5g radix Linderae root tuber powder into supercritical reaction kettle, heating the extraction kettle respectively, and starting CO when the temperature reaches 50 deg.C2The system was pressurized by a gas cylinder, and when a pressure of 20MPa was reached, static hold was started for 30 minutes, and then after further dynamic extraction at 5 mL/min for 120 minutes, the lindera strychnifolia raffinate was obtained from the extraction apparatus, and the extract (0.1327 g) was obtained from the separation pot receiver flask.
Adding 300ml of 1.5 mol/L1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution into the lindera aggregata raffinate (the mass-volume ratio of the lindera aggregata raffinate to the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution is 1: 60), standing for 30 minutes, performing ultrasonic extraction for 90 minutes under the power of over 300W to obtain an extracting solution, and filtering by using filter paper to obtain a filtrate.
Extracting the filtrate with water saturated n-butanol for 5 times (300 ml each time), mixing the upper n-butanol extractive solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure with rotary evaporator, and evaporating to obtain norisoboldine. The extraction yield of norisoboldine is 0.817%, the relative extraction rate is 108.2%, and the purity is 74.210%. Removing residual n-butanol from the lower water solution with rotary evaporator, and concocting to appropriate concentration for further use. If the extraction process is finished, the extract can be concentrated and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, and the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid is recovered.
Example 9
Adding 5g radix Linderae root tuber powder into supercritical reaction kettle, and heating the extraction kettle respectivelyWhen 50 ℃ is reached, CO is turned on2The system was pressurized by a gas cylinder, and when a pressure of 25MPa was reached, static hold was started for 60 minutes, and after dynamic extraction was continued for 60 minutes at 4 mL/min, lindera strychnifolia raffinate was obtained from the extraction apparatus, and extract B (0.1303 g) was obtained from the separation vessel receiving bottle.
Adding 1.5 mol/L1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution 200ml (the mass-volume ratio of the lindera root raffinate to the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution is 1: 40), standing for 30 minutes, performing ultrasonic extraction for 60 minutes under the power of over 300W to obtain an extracting solution, and filtering by using filter paper to obtain a filtrate.
Extracting the filtrate with water saturated n-butanol for 5 times (200 ml each time), mixing the upper n-butanol extractive solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure with rotary evaporator, and evaporating to obtain norisoboldine. The extraction yield of norisoboldine is 0.821%, the relative extraction rate is 108.8%, and the purity is 75.348%. Removing residual n-butanol from the lower water solution with rotary evaporator, and concocting to appropriate concentration for further use. If the extraction process is finished, the extract can be concentrated and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, and the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid is recovered.

Claims (3)

1. The method for efficiently extracting norisoboldine is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
(1) degreasing: adding pulverized and sieved radix Linderae root tuber powder into supercritical CO2Supercritical CO extraction in an extraction apparatus2Extracting, namely obtaining lindera aggregata raffinate from an extraction device after extraction is finished, and obtaining an extract from a receiving bottle of a separation kettle; supercritical CO2The extraction conditions were: the temperature is 40-60 ℃, the pressure is 20-30 MPa, the static holding time is 30-60 minutes, and the dynamic extraction time is 30-120 minutes;
(2) extraction: mixing the above supercritical substance CO2Adding the lindera aggregata extract into an ionic liquid aqueous solution, carrying out ultrasonic-assisted extraction to obtain an extracting solution, and filtering the extracting solution to obtain a filtrate and a solid material; the ionic liquid in the ionic liquid aqueous solution is 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, the ionic concentration is 0.25-2.5 mol/L, and the lindera aggregata raffinate and the ionic liquidThe mass-volume ratio of the aqueous solution is 1: 10-100, and the ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions are as follows: the extraction time is 15-120 minutes; the ultrasonic power is 300-500W;
(3) and (3) extraction: adding the ionic liquid extraction filtrate into an organic solvent for extraction, standing for layering to obtain an upper organic phase extraction liquid and a lower water solution, and concentrating the upper organic phase extraction liquid under reduced pressure to obtain norisoboldine.
2. The method for efficiently extracting norisoboldine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic solvent in step (3) is ethyl acetate or n-butanol.
3. The method for efficiently extracting norisoboldine as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (3), the lower raffinate is concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the residual organic solvent in the upper raffinate, diluted with water to a proper concentration and used continuously; or concentrating the lower raffinate under reduced pressure to completely remove water and organic solvent, drying to obtain recovered ionic liquid, storing in dry environment, and recycling in later extraction and separation.
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