CN108298611A - Biological cleaning stranded belt for sponge city - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of funnel type biological cleaning stranded belt for sponge city, including vegetable layer, plant soil layer, biological cleaning layer, aquifer, biological cleaning stranded belt is in integrally funnel-shaped structure, vegetable layer lower part is provided with plant soil layer, it plants soil layer lower part and is provided with biological cleaning layer, biological cleaning layer lower part is provided with aquifer, plant soil layer, the first permeable brick layer is provided between biological cleaning layer, biological cleaning layer includes upper layer purifying layer, middle level purifying layer, lower layer's purifying layer, aquifer top is provided with the second permeable brick layer, and second permeable brick layer be arranged in lower layer's purifying layer lower part, aquifer bottom is provided with water-permeable pipe.Soil layer is planted in setting in the present invention, can be that the vegetation of growth provide abundant nutrient, purification filtering is carried out to the rainwater that permeates the ground using three layers of purifying layer, purifying rainwater that can be more efficient, pollution of the reduction rain water pollutant to underground water.

Description

Bio-decontamination retention zone for sponge cities

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of sponge cities, in particular to a biological purification retention zone for sponge cities.

Background technique

Sponge city is a new concept of urban construction proposed by the state. The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China requires that by 2020, the area above the urban built-up area will meet the target requirements, and the area above the year 2020 will meet the target requirements. It can be seen from this that the country urgently needs to improve the living environment of residents and the urban water environment. The sponge city requires the city to have the functions of infiltration, stagnation, storage, purification, utilization and drainage when it rains. There are problems of runoff pollution and waste of water resources caused by rainwater scouring the road surface. Therefore, it is very important to give full play to the role of biological roads in sponge cities. Due to the continuous improvement of the landscape effect of municipal roads and the greening rate, the width of the bioretention zone is constantly increasing. Under the condition of ensuring the safe use of roads, water seepage, water storage, water purification, and stagnant water in the middle and side zones should be used. , The role of drainage is very necessary. The stagnation zone in the prior art can play a part, but the stagnation zone cannot provide rich nutrients for the vegetation growing on the stagnation zone, and it is also relatively deficient in improving the soil. Currently, the existing bioretention zones use planting soil Planting soil and gravel have a certain purification ability, but the ability to reduce pollutants is limited.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, it is necessary to provide a biological purification retention zone for sponge cities that is rich in soil nutrients, can improve the soil, has a good purification effect, and has a strong drainage capacity.

A biological purification retention zone for sponge city, comprising a vegetation layer, planting soil layer, biological purification layer, and water storage layer, cofferdams are arranged around the upper surface of the biological purification retention belt, and a waterproof layer is arranged on the inner periphery, and the vegetation The lower part of the planting soil layer is provided with a planting soil layer, the lower part of the planting soil layer is provided with a biological purification layer, and the lower part of the biological purification layer is provided with a water storage layer, and a first permeable brick layer is provided between the planting soil layer and the biological purification layer. The planting soil layer is separated from the biological purification layer. The biological purification layer includes an upper purification layer, a middle purification layer and a lower purification layer. The upper purification layer is arranged at the lower part of the first permeable brick layer, and the middle purification layer is arranged in the upper purification layer. The lower part, the lower purification layer is set at the lower part of the middle purification layer, the upper part of the aquifer is provided with a second permeable brick layer, and the second permeable brick layer is arranged at the lower part of the lower purification layer, to separate the biological purification layer from the aquifer Open, the surface of one side of the cofferdam is provided with a water hole and a water outlet, and the surface of the water hole and the water outlet are all equipped with a filter screen, the bottom of the aquifer is provided with a permeable pipe, and the two sides of the permeable pipe are also provided with drainage Supervisor, the drain supervisor communicates with the drain port through the drainpipe.

Preferably, the water passage hole is a through hole located at the bottom of the cofferdam, which runs through the cofferdam as a whole, and the lower edge of the water passage hole is kept parallel to the road surface, so that the rainwater on the road surface can flow into the retention zone. The blind hole on the upper part of the weir, the bottom surface of the lower part of the blind hole is provided with a through hole, so that the drain pipe can pass through, and the drain port is connected with the drain main pipe.

Preferably, the surface of the soil layer of the vegetation layer is covered with leaves and bark.

Preferably, the planting soil layer is formed by mixing 70% loess, 20% nutrient soil, 8% grass seeds and 2% fly ash.

Preferably, the upper purification layer is formed by mixing 90% river sand, 5% fly ash and 5% straw.

Preferably, the middle purification layer is composed of 0.5-1.0mm quartz sand.

Preferably, the lower purification layer is formed by mixing 80% river sand, 15% clay and 5% straw.

Preferably, the straw needs to be crushed into 4-8mm particles.

Preferably, the first permeable brick layer and the second permeable brick layer are ecological sand-based permeable bricks, and the laying height of the first permeable brick layer and the second permeable brick layer is 30cm.

Preferably, the aquifer is formed by mixing 60% gravel and 40% ceramsite.

The present invention adopts the above-mentioned technical scheme, and its beneficial effect is that: the planting soil layer is set in the present invention, which can provide rich nutrients for the growing vegetation, and the rainwater infiltrated into the ground is purified and filtered by three layers of purification layers, which can purify the rainwater more efficiently , to reduce the pollution of rainwater pollutants to groundwater, the biological purification retention zone of the present invention has a series of functions of drainage, seepage, water storage, water stagnation and water purification through the biological purification retention zone, which not only alleviates urban waterlogging, but also realizes the sponge city function.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another angle of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the cofferdam of the present invention.

In the figure: vegetation layer 1, planting soil layer 2, first permeable brick layer 3, upper purification layer 4, middle purification layer 5, lower purification layer 6, second permeable brick layer 7, water storage layer 8, permeable pipe 9, Waterproof layer 10, cofferdam 11, water hole 111, drain outlet 112, drain pipe 12, drain main pipe 13, road surface 14.

Detailed ways

Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention provides a biological purification stagnation zone for sponge city, including vegetation layer 1, planting soil layer 2, biological purification layer, water storage layer 8, outside the biological purification stagnation zone A cofferdam 11 is arranged around the upper surface, a waterproof layer 10 is arranged on the inner periphery, a planting soil layer 2 is arranged at the lower part of the vegetation layer 1, a biological purification layer is arranged at the lower part of the planting soil layer 2, and an aquifer is arranged at the lower part of the biological purification layer 8. A first permeable brick layer 3 is arranged between the planting soil layer 2 and the biological purification layer to separate the planting soil layer 2 from the biological purification layer. The biological purification layer includes an upper purification layer 4, a middle purification layer layer 5, the lower purification layer 6, the upper purification layer 4 is arranged at the lower part of the first permeable brick layer 3, the middle purification layer 5 is arranged at the lower part of the upper purification layer 4, and the lower purification layer 6 is arranged at the lower part of the middle purification layer 5, the The upper part of the aquifer 8 is provided with a second permeable brick layer 7, and the second permeable brick layer 7 is arranged at the lower part of the lower purification layer 6 to separate the biological purification layer from the aquifer 8. The cofferdam 10 side The surface is provided with a water hole 111 and a water outlet 112, and the surface of the water hole 111 and the water outlet 112 is equipped with a filter screen. The main pipe 13, the main pipe 13 communicates with the water outlet 112 through the drain pipe 12.

Due to the oil pollution, harmful impurities and other heavy metal pollution produced in normal life on the road surface and land surface, the pollution runoff will be formed after being washed by rainwater. If it is directly discharged into the rainwater pipe network, it will cause water pollution. Compared with the prior art, the planting soil layer 2 is provided in the present invention, which can not only provide rich nutrients for the growing vegetation, but also play a preliminary filtering role when the rainwater infiltrates down into the planting soil layer 2 through the surface layer , the rainwater passes through the initial filtration of the planting soil layer 2 and reaches the first permeable brick layer 3. Due to the permeable brick layer, and the inner gap of the permeable brick layer is small, when the rainwater permeates downward, the permeable brick layer can carry sand It can effectively prevent the loss of soil particles in the planting soil layer 2, resulting in the reduction of soil nutrients. When the rainwater passes through the purification layer, the rainwater infiltrated into the ground is treated by using three layers of purification layers. Purification and filtration, most of the pollutants in rainwater are absorbed, which can purify rainwater more efficiently and reduce the pollution of rainwater pollutants to groundwater.

Further, the water passage hole 111 is a through hole located at the bottom of the cofferdam 11, which runs through the cofferdam 11 as a whole, and the lower edge of the water passage hole 111 is kept parallel to the road surface, so that the rainwater on the road surface can flow into the retention zone and drain water. The mouth 112 is a blind hole located on the upper part of the cofferdam 11 , and a through hole is provided on the bottom of the lower part of the blind hole to allow the drain pipe 12 to pass through and connect the drain port 112 with the drain main pipe 13 .

Water holes 111 and drainage holes 112 are set on the cofferdam 11 around the periphery of the stagnation zone. The rainwater enters the drainage pipe 12 through the drainage hole 112 on the upper part of the cofferdam 11, and the rainwater is discharged into the drainage main pipe 13 by the drainage pipe 12, thereby reducing excessive water accumulation on the road surface and preventing waterlogging on the urban road surface.

Further, the surface of the vegetation layer 1 soil layer is covered with leaves and bark.

Laying leaves, bark and other coverings on the surface of the vegetation layer 1 is conducive to plant growth, improves the survival rate of plants, can prevent the direct erosion of the surface soil layer by rainwater runoff, and reduce soil erosion. The higher the temperature, the greater the water evaporation in the soil. Covers such as leaves and bark laid on the surface of the vegetation layer 1 can prevent direct sunlight from shining on the soil surface, reduce surface water evaporation, and keep plant roots moist.

Further, the planting soil layer 2 is formed by mixing 70% of loess, 20% of nutrient soil, 8% of grass seeds and 2% of fly ash.

Mix nutrient soil into the planting soil layer 2. The nutrient soil contains a variety of mineral nutrients, loose and ventilated, has strong water and fertilizer retention capabilities, and provides sufficient nutrients for vegetation growth. Mix in grass seeds, which can increase the porosity of the planting soil layer 2. , which is conducive to the ventilation of the planting soil layer 2. In addition, the grass seeds also contain sufficient nutrients. When the loess, nutrient soil, and grass seeds are mixed, after being buried underground for a period of time, the grass seeds are fermented and the nutrients are released. It is beneficial to the absorption of plants. Fly ash contains 1% calcium, 1.8% potassium, 0.66% phosphorus, 0.27% sodium, 0.16% magnesium, 2% iron, 32ppm copper, 26ppm zinc, and 300ppm manganese, so it can be regarded as a lack of these elements The fertilizer source of the soil, after the application of fly ash can loosen the soil, increase porosity, reduce soil bulk density, in addition, because the pH value of rainwater is acidic, and the pH value of fly ash is alkaline, mixed with fly ash can effectively adjust The pH of the soil is the balance of the acidity and alkalinity in the soil.

Further, the upper purification layer 4 is formed by mixing 90% river sand, 5% fly ash, and 5% straw.

Fly ash has a certain degree of adsorption and is mixed with river sand and straw particles. After a period of time, the straw particles ferment and rot, and river sand and fly ash enter the fermented and rotten straw and fully combine. Because the straw contains fibers, The upper purification layer 4 forms an interlaced network structure. When rainwater passes through the upper purification layer 4, the impurities and pollutants in the rainwater are intercepted and filtered by the upper purification layer 4. The humus contains humus, and the humus is effective against heavy metals Pollutants also have good adsorption capacity, thereby purifying pollutants in rainwater and protecting water bodies.

Further, the middle purification layer 5 is composed of 0.5-1.0mm quartz sand.

Further, the lower purification layer 6 is formed by mixing 80% river sand, 15% clay, and 5% straw.

Clay has a certain degree of adsorption, and when mixed with river sand and straw particles, the clay has plasticity after being wetted with water, and its viscosity increases. When the rainwater passes through the lower purification layer 6, the river sand, clay and straw particles are bonded together to form The overall block shape, due to the existence of straw particles, the lower purification layer 6 can still maintain a certain degree of porosity, and the impurities and pollutants in the rainwater are intercepted, filtered and purified by the lower purification layer 6. In this way, the rainwater will not carry away the particles in the purification layer.

Further, the straw needs to be crushed into 4-8mm particles.

Further, the first permeable brick layer 3 and the second permeable brick layer 7 are ecological sand-based permeable bricks, and the laying height of the first permeable brick layer 3 and the second permeable brick layer 7 is 30cm.

Ecological sand-based permeable bricks have good water permeability and air permeability, which can quickly infiltrate rainwater into the ground, absorb water and heat, and adjust the temperature and humidity of the local space on the surface. When the precipitation is low, it can reduce the evaporation of soil moisture.

Further, the aquifer 8 is formed by mixing 60% gravel and 40% ceramsite.

Because the aquifer 8 has a large amount of water, it is easy to breed bacteria. The aquifer 8 is mixed with ceramsite, and the ceramsite can absorb harmful elements, bacteria, and mineralized water in the water body. In addition, the ceramsite is light in weight. The pressure formed by the stagnation zone on the permeable pipe 9 arranged in the aquifer 8 can be relieved.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: when there is less rainwater on the road surface, the rainwater flows into the stagnation zone through the water hole 111, and because the surface of the vegetation layer 1 soil layer is covered with leaves and bark, the impact of rainwater runoff on the surface is reduced. The direct scouring of the soil layer reduces water and soil loss, slows down the flow of rainwater, and slowly infiltrates into the ground. When the rainwater infiltrates into the planting soil layer 2, the planting soil layer 2 is composed of loess, nutrient soil, grass seeds, and fly ash. , can fix the vegetation very well, so that the planting soil layer 2 is not only rich in nutrients, but also soft and breathable, which is conducive to the downward penetration of rainwater. At the same time, the soft planting soil layer 2 can also filter out some large particles of impurities in the rainwater. When infiltrating into the purification layer, because the purification layer is provided with the upper purification layer 4, the middle purification layer 5, and the lower purification layer 6, after the rainwater is purified by three layers, the impurities are basically removed. The ceramsite and gravel mixed in the water layer 8 can further filter and purify the rainwater in the aquifer 8. When the water accumulation depth in the biological purification retention zone reaches more than 4cm, the water storage capacity of the aquifer 8 reaches the limit. At this time, the water permeable pipe 9 provided at the bottom of the aquifer 8 begins to drain outwards to improve the water seepage capacity of the bioretention zone; Rainwater enters the drainage pipe 12 through the drainage hole 112 on the upper part of the cofferdam 11, and the rainwater is discharged into the main drainage pipe 13 by the drainage pipe 12, thereby reducing excessive water accumulation on the road surface and preventing waterlogging on the urban road surface.

What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and certainly cannot limit the scope of rights of the present invention with this. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the whole or part of the process of realizing the above-mentioned embodiment, and make according to the claims of the present invention The equivalent changes still belong to the scope covered by the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A biological purification retention zone for sponge city, characterized in that: comprise vegetation layer, soil planting layer, biological purification layer, water storage layer, cofferdam is arranged around the upper surface of the biological purification retention belt, and inner periphery is provided with Waterproof layer, the lower part of the vegetation layer is provided with a planting soil layer, the lower part of the planting soil layer is provided with a biological purification layer, the lower part of the biological purification layer is provided with a water storage layer, and the first water-permeable layer is arranged between the planting soil layer and the biological purification layer. The brick layer is used to separate the planting soil layer from the biological purification layer. The biological purification layer includes an upper purification layer, a middle purification layer and a lower purification layer. The upper purification layer is arranged at the lower part of the first permeable brick layer, and the middle purification layer The upper layer is set at the lower part of the upper purification layer, the lower layer of purification layer is set at the lower part of the middle layer of purification layer, the upper part of the aquifer is provided with a second permeable brick layer, and the second permeable brick layer is set at the lower part of the lower purification layer for biological purification The layer is separated from the aquifer, and the surface of one side of the cofferdam is provided with a water hole and a drain, and the surface of the water hole and the drain are all equipped with a filter screen. Both sides of the pipe are also provided with drain main pipes, and the drain main pipes communicate with the drain ports through the drain pipes. 2. The biological purification retention zone for sponge city as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the water passage hole is a through hole located at the bottom of the cofferdam, which runs through the cofferdam as a whole, and the lower edge of the water passage hole is in contact with the road surface. Keep parallel so that the rainwater on the road can flow into the detention zone. The drain is a blind hole located on the upper part of the cofferdam. A through hole is provided on the bottom of the blind hole to allow the drain pipe to pass through and connect the drain to the main drain. . 3. The funnel-shaped biological purification retention zone for sponge city according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surface of the soil layer of the vegetation layer is covered with leaves and bark. 4. The biological purification retention zone for sponge city as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: said planting soil layer is mixed according to loess 70%, nutrient soil 20%, grass seed 8%, and fly ash 2%. to make. 5. The funnel-shaped biological purification retention zone for sponge city according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper purification layer is formed by mixing 90% river sand, 5% fly ash, and 5% straw. 6. The funnel-shaped biological purification retention zone for sponge city according to claim 1, characterized in that: the middle purification layer is composed of 0.5-1.0mm quartz sand. 7. The biological purification retention zone for sponge city according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower purification layer is made by mixing 80% river sand, 15% clay, and 5% straw. 8. The biological purification retention zone for sponge city according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that: the straw needs to be crushed into 4-8mm particles. 9. The biological purification retention zone for sponge city as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the first permeable brick layer and the second permeable brick layer are ecological sand-based permeable bricks, and the first permeable brick layer, The laying height of the second permeable brick layer is 30cm. 10. The biological purification retention zone for sponge city according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aquifer is formed by mixing 60% gravel and 40% ceramsite.