CN108291832A - Antenna equipment and the method for operating antenna equipment - Google Patents
Antenna equipment and the method for operating antenna equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN108291832A CN108291832A CN201580085055.XA CN201580085055A CN108291832A CN 108291832 A CN108291832 A CN 108291832A CN 201580085055 A CN201580085055 A CN 201580085055A CN 108291832 A CN108291832 A CN 108291832A
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- unit
- antenna equipment
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- transmitter
- acceptor
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
- G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/42—Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates
- G01S13/426—Scanning radar, e.g. 3D radar
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/225—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used in level-measurement devices, e.g. for level gauge measurement
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
- H01Q19/062—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens for focusing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
- H01Q3/08—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying two co-ordinates of the orientation
Abstract
The present invention relates to antenna equipment (201,203), the antenna equipment includes control unit (111) and analytic unit, wherein, described control unit is configured to send transmission signal by least one first transmitter unit (202,204,207), and wherein, the analytic unit is configured to receive at least two reception signals by least one first acceptor unit (205,206,207).The antenna equipment is used for topology measurement, and is allowed hand over to pure filling level gauging when there is the deviation relative to the threshold value of quality metric.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of measuring technique.Particularly, the present invention relates to the filling level gaugings by electromagnetic wave.
Background technology
Topology detection filling article position measuring device can be used for determining the filling of packing material or bulk material in container
Level.This measuring device samples packing material surface and/or bulk material surface by electromagnetic wave, and it is assumed that filling
In the case of surface region below material is known, this measuring device can also utilize obtained from sampling and packing material
And/or the relevant information of three-dimensional surface topology of bulk material, to obtain the volume of packing material, and/or density
Quality or other variables that can therefrom obtain are obtained in the case of knowing.For sampling, the wave beam from electromagnetic wave is in filling material
It is guided above material or bulk material, and is monitored under various angles and analyze reflex behavior.
Document DE102007039397B3 discloses a kind of for operating the day with multiple transmitters and multiple receivers
The method and relevant device of line group.Document WO2015/052699A1 is related to one kind by multiple acoustic transmitters/receiver battle array
The method that row carry out the content of analyzing container.Document WO2015/120885A1 is related to measuring apparatus and the spy for detecting target
The method of property.
Invention content
According to an aspect of the present invention, antenna equipment, filling article position measuring device are disclosed and is set for operating antenna
Standby method.
It may need the effective measurement for promoting to fill level.
Independent claims define subject of the present invention.Dependent claims and following explanation give the present invention's
Other embodiments.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of antenna equipment is illustrated, which includes control unit, analysis list
First, at least one first transmitter unit and at least one first acceptor unit.Control unit is configured to by least
One first transmitter unit sends transmission signal, and analytic unit is received at least by least one first acceptor unit
One reception signal.In addition, control unit is configured to operate at least one first transmitter unit, enabling pass through analysis
Unit determines the profile on the surface of target according at least one reception signal of reception.In one example, control unit and point
Analysis unit can link, to control each other.In another example, control unit and analytic unit can be grasped independently of one another
Make.Analytic unit is further configured to identify the mistake when detecting the profile on surface of target, and when identification makes mistake
Drive control unit and/or transmitter unit so that analytic unit determines the surface of target away from transmitter unit and/or receiver
The distance of unit, and the profile on the surface of uncertain target.Single direction in space can may specify (for example, generallyperpendicular
Direction in the surface of target and/or antenna equipment is bottled up in the case of a fault direction) on measurement distance.In mistake
In the case of, for the measurement of distance additionally or alternatively, it can also export and be used to indicate undesirable measurement quality or aobvious
Show the error messages of defect.Can output error message over the display, or loud speaker acoustically output error can be passed through
Message.
In other words, being configured to the topology measurement equipment on the surface of detection target or the topology on surface can set in measurement
It is switched in the case of mistake in standby, to execute pure range measurement on generally only single direction in space.Mistake
Can be mechanical breakdown or can be measure quality decline.For example, passing through the profile on determining surface in the first mode of operation
Come determine filling level measurement method can switch to second operator scheme, in this second mode of operation, by may specify
Range measurement at position determines filling level.This can refer to determining that the profile on surface is cut from according to multiple range measurements
It changes to and distance is determined according to single range measurement.Thus, when an error occurs, the conversion from topology measurement to range measurement it
Afterwards, filling level is determined by range measurement, thus can reduces the measurable amount for each filling level measured value.Cause
And in order to calculate filling level, it can also carry out from least two reception signals are received to the conversion for receiving single reception signal.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of antenna equipment is provided, which includes control unit, analysis list
First, at least one first transmitter unit and at least one first acceptor unit.Control unit is configured to by least
One transmitter unit sends the transmission signal of for example, electromagnetic wave.Analytic unit is configured to receive by least one first
Device unit receives at least two and receives signal.At least one first acceptor unit and/or multiple acceptor units can be substantially
On receive signal simultaneously or in a delayed fashion.
Analytic unit is configured to may specify that direction in space determines according at least two reception signals to be directed at least two
At least two echo curves, to detect the surface of target.It, can be for example by determining away from surface in order to detect the surface of target
On various points multiple distances and according to these distances come determine measured value determine target surface profile measurement result.
Analytic unit is further configured to be determined according to the measurement result of the reception signal at least two different spaces angles
At least two receive the quality metric of signal.Quality metric may, for example, be the intensity for receiving signal or receive the noise of signal
Than.If quality metric deviation quality metric may specify threshold value, i.e., if the threshold value of quality metric is exceeded or does not obtain
Meet, then analytic unit is also configured as receiving the energy that signal designation transmitter unit increases transmission signal at least two
And it is directed to and individually may specify that direction in space determines single echo curve.
In other words, it may be determined that the quality of topology measurement or the quality of target surface profile measurement.If the matter measured
Amount can refer to definite value without corresponding to, then topology measurement is switched to pure filling level gauging.For topology measurement, set in antenna
In standby and/or filling article position measuring device and particularly in analytic unit monitoring received for different direction in space and
And/or the echo curve that person calculates in the sensor, and in the case of the failure of pure filling level gauging, according to single
Direction in space receives and/or calculates only one echo curve, to obtain measured value, such as fills level.Single space
Direction can be extended in a manner of being essentially perpendicular to filling level surface.However, it is also possible to select single direction in space
It selects so that compared with other directions, the energy of received signal is maximum value in this direction.In order on a direction in space
It determines and receives signal, the transmission signal focused on two spaces direction and the reception signal correspondingly focused can be used.Cause
And the signal with low nephelometric turbidity unit can be used.It can be by lens or box horn for assembling accordingly.By being set in phase
It is suitable that the analog beam forming that the specific aim superposition of multiple analogue transmission signals at the phase angle answered is realized is also ensured
Focusing.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of method for operating antenna equipment is provided, this method includes：Pass through
At least one first transmitter unit sends transmission signal, and receives at least two by least one first acceptor unit and connect
The collection of letters number.This method further determines the profile on the surface of target according at least two of reception reception signals, and identifies true
The mistake occurred when the profile on the surface to set the goal.In response to identifying the generation to make mistake, this method drive control unit so that
Analytic unit determines distance of the surface of target away from transmitter unit and/or acceptor unit, and do not know the surface of target
Profile.
In one example, a kind of method for operating antenna equipment is provided, this method includes：By at least one
Transmitter unit sends transmission signal, and receives at least two by least one acceptor unit and receive signal.This method is also
It may specify that direction in space determines at least two echo curves according at least two reception signals to be directed at least two, to detect
The surface of target.In addition, this method determines the quality metric of at least two reception signals, and increase transmission signal and/or reception
The energy of signal；If the quality metric that quality metric deviation receives signals at least two may specify threshold value, this method
For individually may specify that direction in space determines single echo curve.
In another example, by physically adjusting the adjusting including single transmitter unit and single acceptor unit
In the case that unit carries out mechanical sampling, biography can be sent and/or received continuously in time for different direction in spaces
Defeated signal and (being generated from transmission signal due to the reflection on target surface) relevant reception signal.Alternatively or additionally
Ground can use aerial array, aerial array to use multiple transmitter units and/or multiple acceptor units, so as to logical
It crosses digital beam-forming (DBF) and comes sampled targets surface.Digital beam-forming includes the sampling by mathematical method.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of filling level gauging including antenna equipment according to the present invention is provided
Device.It may include processor to fill article position measuring device.For example, the calculating with program code and program element can be provided
Machine readable storage medium storing program for executing.Code/the element implements the method for operating antenna equipment when executed by the processor.
According to another aspect of the present invention, antenna equipment includes at least one second receiver unit.In addition, analytic unit
It is configured to receive at least by each of at least one second receiver unit and at least one second receiver unit
One of two reception signals；Also, if quality metric deviation quality metric may specify that threshold value, analytic unit can be sent out
Send additional transmissions signal.In one example, by least one first receiving unit and at least one second receiving unit
One of sent.For example, analytic unit also can indicate that control unit sends the extra.In order to be used for sending letter
Number, acceptor unit can be designed to emitter/receiver unit.Analytic unit can trigger volume using transmitter unit
The transmission of external signal.By sending additional transmissions signal, two signal overlaps can be led to, to increase the energy of transmission signal
Amount.Then, however, analytic unit may specify that direction in space determines generally only single echo curve for single.
Dirt in container may influence signal quality.It can determine filling level but regardless of dirt such as by increasing energy
What, and can allow for the limited determination of the surface profile of target.It in another example, can be by high energy measurement for credibility
It measures, to verify another measurements such as topology measurement.
According to other aspects of the invention, at least one second or multiple transmitter unit can be used, with easy to use
Time division multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing pattern and/or code division multiplexing pattern, and can operate in this mode.Control unit can be with
Activate transmitter unit or the unit can be by corresponding frequency according to the time series pattern corresponding to time division multiplexing
Signal or coding carry out modulation transmissions signal.In addition, additionally or alternatively, can provide can mechanically adjust space angle
Mechanical adjustment unit, to determine echo curve according to multiple direction in spaces.In addition, can not only be by sending additional transmissions letter
Number, but also signal can be increased by additional transmitter unit, acceptor unit and/or emitter/receiver unit
Energy；Energy adjustment unit can also be provided, only on single direction in space execute filling level gauging in the case of, energy
It adjusts unit and increases transmission energy.By arranging transmitter components with the distance less than or equal to half wavelength to each other, connecing
Receive device element and/or emitter/receiver element, the result that can have been generated in the signal computing interval.Pass through the mould that is time-multiplexed
Formula, can also be by the virtual array formed by actual array come the artificial reduction of the distance between analog element.Virtual array
It is formed by the position of the transmitter unit and acceptor unit that are operated according to time-division multiplexing method, these positions are mathematically
Relative to time series pattern into line displacement so that the operation in time sequencing appears in a time point as the operation of virtual-antenna
On.It, can be with by the way that antenna equipment, filling article position measuring device, transmitter unit and/or analytic unit are designed as two wire device
Power is supplied via two-wire circuit, and transmission data can also be carried out via the two-wire circuit.
According to another aspect of the present invention, antenna equipment includes adjusting unit, for mechanically adjusting at least one the
One transmitter unit and/or at least one acceptor unit, with by mechanically adjust at least one first transmitter unit and/
Or at least one acceptor unit determines the profile of superficial objects.In one example, may be connected to can be true for control unit
Determine the angle detection unit or angle detection part of the position of the antenna equipment after mechanical adjustment.Control unit can also be configured
At the reception signal for making reception and particularly echo curve is obtained from reception signal and be associated with position, to determine topology.
When identification makes mistake, analytic unit, which is further configured to that unit will be adjusted, to be rigidly secured to may specify position, and/or such as
Fruit mistake is the situation (for example, electrical fault) for adjusting unit and no longer moving, and analytic unit is configured to determine antenna equipment
Position.In the case of an error, analytic unit is further configured to output error message and/or in the position being rigidly fixed
It sets place and determines distance of the target surface away from transmitter unit and/or acceptor unit.Determining target surface away from transmitter list
Member and/or acceptor unit apart from when, the position of the antenna equipment of determination can be used to compensate relative to target surface
The deviation of upright position.
Description of the drawings
Illustrate the other exemplary embodiment of the present invention below with reference to accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the filling article position measuring device of exemplary embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the Linear Parabolic wire antenna equipment of exemplary embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the stereogram of the two-dimensional antenna array of exemplary embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the plane of the antenna equipment including the element linearly arranged of exemplary embodiment according to the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the method for operating antenna equipment of exemplary embodiment according to the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Diagram in attached drawing is schematically, and to be not drawn on.In the explanation of following Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, use
Identical reference numeral indicates identical or equivalent element.
In the case of without loss of generality, the explanation of attached drawing below relates generally to linear antenna 201.However, these
Illustrate and principle also correspondingly applies to two-dimensional array antenna 203.
Fig. 1 shows the filling article position measuring device 105 or topology detection thunder of exemplary embodiment according to the present invention
Up to measuring device 105.Measuring device 105 or field device 105 (especially filling article position measuring device 105) can be from different
Detect echo-signal or echo curve in 101,102,103 or main reception direction 101,102,103 of angular range.Fill level gauging
Device 105 includes control unit 111 and analytic unit 123, and is powered via two-wire interconnecting piece 130.Two-wire interconnecting piece 130 also can
It is enough in transmission data, such as so that the filling level that will be determined is transmitted to central control room (not shown in FIG. 1).Angle model
It encloses 101,102,103 and is considered to be adjustable main beam direction or adjustable main example for receiving direction.It is set according to antenna
Standby 201,203 adjusting and orientation can detect 0 ° to 180 ° of angular range 122 by arrangement shown in FIG. 1.Thus,
By rotatable antenna mount 108, the entire three-dimensional surface 120 of target 104 can be detected.It is every for what is determined on direction in space
A echo curve determines the distance of the reference point on the surface away from target 104, such as apart from bulk material 104 or packing material
104 distance.By numerically integrating these distance values and it is assumed that flat below bulk material 104 or packing material 104
In the case of smooth surface 106 (in particular, flat container substrate 106), the volume of pile of bulk materials 107 can determine.
For mechanical sampling, filling article position measuring device 105 includes having for fastening antenna 201,203 or antenna equipment
201, the antenna holder 108 of 203 antenna base 109.Antenna base 109 and the formation of antenna holder 108 being capable of controlled units
The adjusting unit of 111 orientations.Adjusting unit 109,108 can be controlled by motor.By this method, according to mounted on antenna base
The type of antenna equipment on 109 can realize motor control type flat plane antenna or motor control type box horn.According to filling out
Fill the design of article position measuring device 105, antenna base 109 can by make antenna holder 108 around rotation axis rotation and/
Or it is tilted around inclination angle 122 to realize the main beam direction of antenna equipment 201,203 on antenna base 109
Mechanical adjustment.Arrow 110 indicates rotation, and arrow 122 is represented and tilted.
For for machinery rotation 110 and/or tilting 122 additionally or alternatively, digital beam forming method can be passed through
Come supplement or instead of antenna 201,203 or antenna equipment 201,203 101,102,103 or main reception direction of main beam direction
101、102、103。
If using the aerial array for including at least one transmitter unit and at least two acceptor units, survey every time
Amount can detect multiple main beam directions and/or main reception direction, and particularly, can determine from these multiple direction in spaces more
A echo curve.In order to sample the surface 120 of bulk material 104 or another target 104, in substantially all of space side
Upwards transmission signal is sent from the transmitter unit of antenna equipment.Concern area is unchangeably lighted by isotropic radiator
Domain.It, can be in any expectation direction in space 101,102,103 by analyzing the acceptor unit received signal by antenna equipment
Upper determining reception signal.For example, only reception letter can be formed in various angular ranges 101,102,103 by one-shot measurement
Number, so as to the surface 120 of different angle range detection bulk material 104.By with different multi-angle range detection received waves
Beam can guide above the surface of packing material 120 and receive signal.Different space regions is detected using beam-forming method
Domain, and the table of bulk material 104 can also be substantially up-sampled in the case where adjusting 122 or rotation 110 without using mechanical angle
Face 120.
In order to facilitate digital beam-forming, the antenna equipment for including multiple transmitter units and acceptor unit has been used
201,203, which is mounted on antenna mounting part 109 or antenna base 109.
Fig. 2 is that the Linear Parabolic wire antenna equipment 201 of exemplary embodiment according to the present invention or linear plane antenna are set
Standby 201.As shown in Fig. 2, since transmitter unit 202 and acceptor unit 205 are linearly disposed parallel to by reference numeral
The y-axis of 210 coordinate systems 210 indicated, antenna equipment 201 can be designated as linear array 201.It transmitter unit 201 and connects
Antenna sets can be designated as by receiving the cluster of device unit 205.Transmitter components 202 or transmitter unit 202 can be by control units 111
Driving, and receiver element 205 or acceptor unit 205 can be operated by analytic unit 123, to realize desired wave beam
Shape and can be sampled in it may specify region the surface 120 of bulk material 104.With what is combined with rotatable antenna mount 108
Mode, parabolic trough 201 or linear array 201 may be mounted at 109 enterprising enforcement of antenna mounting part use.Linear array 201
Can realize on the directions x shown in coordinate system 210 it is being emitted by transmitter unit 202 or antenna element 202 and/or
By the mechanical focus for the electromagnetic wave that acceptor unit 205 receives.Rectilinear lens 209 or Linear Double curve part 209 are arranged for
Mechanical focus.Only after having been detected by reception signal in analysis component 123 or analytic unit 123, by DBF in coordinate
Corresponding signal is focused on the directions y of system 210 or on linear direction 402.By this method, additionally it is possible to carry out in y-direction
The specific aim in the main reception direction of antenna 121 controls.As pure transmitter unit 202 and pure acceptor unit 205
Replacement, can also be in same position using the emitter/receiver unit 207 of transmitting and reception can be carried out at the same time.Transmitting
Device unit 202,204 and acceptor unit 205,206 can be replaced by emitter/receiver 207.Each transmitter unit 202,
204,207 and/or acceptor unit 205,206,207 have a distance d each other0, and oriented on grid.
Fig. 3 shows that two dimension (2D) aerial array 203 of exemplary embodiment according to the present invention or 2D flat plane antennas are set
Standby 203.Bidimensional antenne array, which is listed on the two spaces direction as shown in coordinate system 210' (for example, the directions x and the directions y), to be had
Elongation.Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of transmitter unit 204 and acceptor unit 206 on aerial array 203.As pure
The replacement of transmitter unit 204 and pure acceptor unit 206 use can be carried out at the same time hair at same position
The receiver/transmitter unit 207 penetrated and received.Each transmitter unit and/or acceptor unit is apart distance d0。
In one example, can also be realized in an acceptor unit and/or transmitter unit multiple (i) different grid away from
From di, wherein distance diDifferent from d0.Aerial array 203 can be with the antenna mounting part of the antenna holder 108 and rigidity of rigidity
109 use in combination.In a manner of being combined with static antenna holder 108, two-dimensional antenna array 203 can realize two spaces
Sampling on direction, but regardless of static arrangement how.Two-dimensional antenna array 203 includes multiple transmitters along x-axis and along y-axis
204/ acceptor unit 206 of unit.These units are arranged to symmetrical about symmetry axis 250 and 251.Transmitter unit 204,207
It is arranged to grid spacing d with grid-like fashion with acceptor unit 206,2070.Made for example, the grid spacing corresponds to
The half of the wavelength of signal is transmitted, which is triggered by control unit 111 in each transmitter unit 202,204.
By following distance lambda/2 as defined in criterion distance, graing lobe can be reduced.What is suitably loaded is used to driving and/or analyzing two
The program of aerial array 203 or linear antenna arrays 203 is tieed up according to two-dimensional digital beam-forming method and according to used day
Line design 201,203 will be associated by 205,206,207 received signal of acceptor unit.
Purpose for digital beam-forming (DBF) and particularly for virtual array is formed, according to time-division multiplexing method
Transmitter unit 202,204 sequentially or is in succession triggered, to send transmission signal.It, can in order to realize digital beam-forming
To use the transmission signal (for example, in the form of orthogonal signalling) specially encoded, using the replacement as time-division multiplexing method.If used
The transmission signal of coding to be distinguished between each transmitter 201,204, particularly between each emitter position into
Row is distinguished, and can trigger transmitter unit 202,204 to be carried out at the same time transmitting.It can reduce measurement period by triggering simultaneously.
Although simultaneous transmission, coding can realize the determination of the position of signal source, so as to by each independent transmitter unit
202, it is distinguished between 204 signals generated.Both time-division multiplexing method and coding being used, being believed with will clearly receive
It number specifies to the specific emitter unit 202,204,207 in multiple transmitter units 202,204,207.
In order to avoid undesirable graing lobe when using digital beam forming method, by two adjacent antenna elements 202,
204, the physical distance d between 205,206,2070It is chosen to no more than radar signal, transmission used in (being less than or equal to)
The half of the wavelength of signal and/or reception signal.Based on the thunder in the region of the 79GHz used in filling level measuring technique
Up to signal, this limitation will lead to a large amount of antenna element 202,205,204,206.
In addition, when using each transmitter components 202,204 in time division multiplexing, it is contemplated that available semiconductor device
Limited power, filling article position measuring device 105 is only with limited transimission power or transmission energy towards bulk material 104
Emitted on direction.No longer there is any digital beam-forming during transmitting, and therefore, bulk material or target
104 whole surface 120 must be launched the irradiation of device unit 202,204,207 or radiation.If come by this weak transmitting
Measure the bulk material with weak reflecting medium performance, then may be weaker by the signal that bulk material 104 reflects, so that
It generally can not be achieved detection.
Fig. 4 be exemplary embodiment according to the present invention including the transmitter unit 202 linearly arranged and transmitter/
The antenna equipment 201 of acceptor unit 207 or the plan view of physical array 201.Used emitter/receiver unit 207 with
Instead of being only capable of the pure acceptor unit 206 received.According to its driving, emitter/receiver unit 207 being capable of conduct
Transmitter unit 202 operate or operated as acceptor unit 205.Thus, antenna equipment 201 will by transmitter/
Acceptor unit 207 forms, wherein and a part for emitter/receiver unit 207 is operated as transmitter unit 202,
And another part is operated as acceptor unit 205.Therefore, it is possible to for example by control unit 111 or analytic unit 123
Electronically change transmitter unit 202 and acceptor unit 205 or transmitter unit 204 in the array 203 of control
With the arrangement of acceptor unit 206.
Emitter/receiver unit 207 and acceptor unit 205 are linearly arranged relative to the reference line 402 on the directions y
In the parabolic wire casing of rectangle.The directions y are extended in a manner of the long side in the four edges for being parallel to rectangle linear antenna.This
In the case of, emitter/receiver unit 207 and acceptor unit 205 are oriented in related with the used transmission wavelength of signal
Grid on.Position is may specify by what grid can determine emitter/receiver unit 207 and acceptor unit 205.Two
Between adjacent element (for example, between acceptor unit 204,206, between transmitter unit 202,205 and/or transmitter/connect
Receive between device unit 207) distance d0Substantially a wavelength or d0=λ, and therefore it is unsatisfactory for criterion distance.From reference
Reference point 401 on line 400 starts, and the first two acceptor unit 205 is symmetrical about reference line 400, and is arranged in d0/ 2 and-d0/
At the position of at 2 position and/or λ/2 and-λ/2.The size of grid is d0/ 2 or λ/2；However, and not all grid
Position is occupied by element 202,204,205,206,207.Reference line 400 is the symmetry axis 400 of antenna equipment 201.Two next
Acceptor unit 205 is located at 3d0/ 2 and -3d0At/2.It is located at 5d followed by two acceptor units below0/ 2 and -5d0At/2,
And outermost acceptor unit 205 is located at 7d0/ 2 and -7d0At/2.Therefore, adjacent receiver element 205 apart has fixation
Distance d0Or λ.
In terms of from acceptor unit 205 to the transmission of emitter/receiver unit 207, the same phase of adjacent element
Away from there is distance d0.It may specify position 9d0/ 2 and -9d0There are emitter/receiver units 207 at/2 or 9 λ/2 and -9 λ/2.
Outermost emitter/receiver unit 207, which is located at, may specify position 12d0/ 2 and -12d0At/2 or 12 λ/2 and -12 λ/2, and
Thus deviate regular texture.
There is two-dimensional physical array 203 in Fig. 3 corresponding regular texture, the array to be oriented in reference line in the x direction
It is oriented on 250 and in y-direction on reference line 251, thus generates ginseng at the centre of form of the surface region in aerial array 203
Examination point 252.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is shown does not arrange physical transmitter unit 202,205, physics at any reference point 401,252
Acceptor unit 205,206 or physical transmitter/acceptor unit 207.Thus, Fig. 4 includes having eight acceptor units 205
With the linear antenna arrays of four emitter/receiver units 207.
The antenna equipment 201 in Fig. 4 can be driven in various operating modes.Such as it can be made by the corresponding program of load
Control unit 111 and analytic unit 123 correspondingly apply to various operation modes.
First operator scheme can be used for driving the only one transmitter unit in multiple transmitter units 202,207, and lead to
It crosses the only one acceptor unit in multiple acceptor units 205 and receives being emitted by the transmitter unit 202,207 after reflecting
As receive signal transmission signal.In the operation mode, by the machine for adjusting the antenna equipment that unit 108,109 carries out
Tool, which is adjusted, may insure to receive signal from various space angles and ensures the surface to target 104 (not shown in FIG. 4)
It is sampled.In one example, motor-controlled box horn can be used, the loudspeaker of the antenna are for orienting by sending out
The electromagnetic wave signal that emitter unit and/or acceptor unit generate.
In this second mode of operation, adjusting unit 108,109 can be rigid or can not mechanically move, and energy
It is enough to be oriented with fixed angle.However, by 202,207 or multiple transmitter unit 202,207 of transmitter unit at least
The emitter/receiver unit 207 of one and/or corresponding number essentially simultaneously sends transmission signal.Pass through at least two
Acceptor unit 205,207 and/or emitter/receiver unit 207 receive the reception signal of reflection.Analytic unit 123 can
It may specify direction in space from multiple by application DBF methods or determine echoes songs from multiple main receptions directions 101,102,103
Line.In this manner it is possible in a manner of numerically controlled sampled targets 104 surface.
In third operation mode, at least two transmitter units 202,207 and/or at least two emitter/receivers
Unit can be operated according to time-division multiplexing method so that analytic unit can determine virtual array.In order to form virtual array
Row, analytic unit according at least two acceptor units 205,207, transmit the time series pattern and/or each transmitter member of sequence
Reception signal is analyzed in the position relative to each other of part 202,207 and receiver element 205,207.
It, can also be during time-division multiplexing method other than running third operation mode in the 4th operation mode
At least two transmitter units 202,207 and/or at least two emitter/receiver units are activated at some time point simultaneously,
To simulate additional transmitters unit.
Regardless of the operation mode for topology measurement, the filling article position measuring device of antenna equipment 201,203 is used
105 can be configured such that its identify conditioned reflex deterioration and/or mechanical part 108,109 deterioration when its convert
For pure filling level measurement pattern.In the case, can be at the time of being converted to pure filling level measurement pattern
It is event driven or can also be time driving, but regardless of the measurement period used how.In order to be converted to pure fill out
Level gauging pattern is filled, provided that at least two transmitter units 202,207, then can increase the transmitting operated in conjunction with
The quantity of device unit is more likely to more transmitter units 202,207 to use, and increases signal strength, signal power or letter
Number energy.The signal of transmitting may be overlapped simultaneously so that their energy combination.In the operational phase of filling level gauging operation
Period can activate at least two transmitter units simultaneously, to generate transmission signal and to make the transmission signal by least two
A acceptor unit receives, and realizes the digital beam-forming on maximum reflection direction and/or other directions.Maximum reflection can be with
Referring to multiple main receive in direction makes reception signal have the maximum main reception direction for receiving energy and/or maximum signal to noise ratio.Work as hair
When emitter unit is carried out at the same time operation to increase energy, digital beam-forming can proceed as follows：From single space
101,102,103 or main reception direction of direction only determines single echo curve.The single direction in space 101,102,103 can be with
It is arranged so that it extends in a manner of being essentially perpendicular to target surface.In another example, single direction in space 101,
102,103 it may be arranged so that it extends in a manner of being substantially parallel to the wall of container 131.It in another example, can be with
Direction in space 101,102,103 is selected so that and is therefrom able to detect that the transmission energy as big as possible reflected.Most
It just can be by passing through for the echo curve of the determination of multiple direction in spaces 101,102,103 and then by digital beam-forming
Big reflected energy or big reception energy are detected for the maximum reflected energy of each echo curve determination.These are determined
The comparison of maximum energy value can realize the determination in the direction 101,102,103 with maximum reflection.If this have most
Single echo curve is determined on the direction in space reflected greatly, then can reliably measure filling level.The maximum reflection direction is normal
Often it is perpendicular to the direction of target surface.If the direction in space started from different perspectives is the space side for having maximum reflection
To then observing the inclination relative to target surface of direction in space 101,102,103 in measurement distance, and if necessary
Exclude or compensate the inclination.
In the case where carrying out mechanical sampling according to first operator scheme, in order to determine single echo curve, unit is adjusted
It can be with Directional antenna devices, enabling generally in a manner of perpendicular to target surface and/or to be parallel to the side of chamber wall
Formula receives signal.Antenna equipment 201,203 can rigidly keep the position, until quality metric
Allow other target detections.
If identifying electrical fault in the case of motor control type box horn, generated by analytic unit and defeated
Make mistake message.In the conceived case, analytic unit still is able to be positioned to box horn to be directly toward target surface, with
Just ranging to target surface distance.It, can be to detection target surface institute if the orientation towards target surface can not be provided
According to angle compensate, and/or can export for showing to measure or can only carry out limited survey
The warning message of amount.
By detecting echo curve from single direction in space during topology measurement, in operation topology detection filling level
Good S/N ratios (signal-to-noise ratio) can be realized when measuring device 105.In the case where activating all transmitters or with electricity
In the case of the mode Directional antenna devices of machine driving, the time control type of measuring device to pure filling level gauging operation
Or event driven switching can be used for even if improvement S/N ratios, Huo Zheke in undesirable reflecting medium or undesirable measuring condition
It is credible for assessment
By the antenna equipment and this method, the surface topology for digital beam-forming and for detecting bulk material
The arrangement 201,203 of transmitter unit 202,204,207 and acceptor unit 205,206,207 can be used in keeping measuring
Quality metric.If quality metric deviation may specify threshold value or in the case of an error, available hair can be activated simultaneously
At least two transmitter components in transmitter element and/or output error message.It is activated simultaneously described in capable of using, so as to
Emit more transmission energy towards medium 104 to be measured, and therefore particularly improves in the case of bad reflecting medium
Obtainable S/N ratios.In one example, by the filling level gauging on single direction in space be able to carry out 3D measurement can
The assessment of letter property.
Filling article position measuring device for detect bulk material surface topology operation mode can switch to for
Very high level of sensitivity and/or the operation mode that simple filling level gauging is executed with very high measurement rate.It is logical
Sensitivity can also be increased by crossing increase transmission energy, can be as the energy of a part for control unit for this purpose, having used
Adjust unit.
The Common advantages of the element 202,204,205,206,207 of antenna equipment can result in opening up with credible measurement
/ the compact design of article position measuring device 105 is flutterred, this is because needing not be provided two individual measuring devices, is specifically used for solid
Determine the filling article position measuring device of direction in space and the topology measurement device for detecting surface.
It is measured as additional, credibility measures can be for example in a time-controlled manner according to from may specify space side
It is executed to each measurement period for determining echo curve.In another example, it basis can refer in a time-controlled manner
The execution measurement period of fixed number amount adds Credibility Assessment, as correction and credible to measure.In another example, only exist
Quality metric has been exceeded and/or in case of an error, credible measurement has been executed in a manner of event driven.For
This purpose, analytic unit regularly monitor quality metric and/or adjust the function of unit.If there is mistake and/or such as
Fruit is by the result of the filling level gauging of topology measurement and according to the credible result obtained that measures different from pre-defined
Tolerance threshold value or quality metric, or if two measure in one measurement specified quality metric do not expired
Foot, then topology measurement device 105 or filling article position measuring device 105 can generate warning message.Topology measurement can be by borrowing
The additional activation of time-division multiplexing method and/or at least two transmitter units is helped to carry out.Credibility measures can be by normal
Bulk material measure or filling level gauging and carried out simultaneously by being activated while transmitter unit.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the method for operating antenna equipment of exemplary embodiment according to the present invention.For grasping
The method for making antenna equipment starts from beginning state S501.In step S502, this method passes through at least one first transmitter
Unit sends transmission signal, and receives at least two by the first receiving unit and receive signal.This method is further according to being connect
At least two received receive signals to determine the profile of target surface.In step S503, if in the wheel for determining target surface
Identification makes mistake when wide, then drive control unit so that analytic unit determines target surface away from transmitter unit and/or away from reception
The distance of device unit, and the profile of uncertain target surface.Then, exist from topology measurement to pure filling level gauging
Switching.This method terminates at step S504.
Alternatively, in step S502, this method can send transmission signal, and energy by least one transmitter unit
It is enough to receive at least two by least one acceptor unit in a manner of by from the round-trip signal propagation time delay of target surface
A reception signal.For example, in order to receive two reception signals, transmitter unit is simultaneously operated in receiving operation mode, i.e.,
As emitter/receiver unit operation.Alternatively, for example, in the case of mechanical sampling, make transmitter unit and/or reception
The position of device unit is moved, and transmission and new transmission signal, to obtain at least two reception signals.
If using multiple transmitter units and multiple acceptor units, it can be sent to and correspond to available transmitting more
Multiple transmission signals of the quantity of device unit.The multiple of quantity at most corresponding to available acceptor unit can also be received to connect
The collection of letters number.In addition, being directed at least two assignable direction in spaces, determined at least two times according at least two reception signals
Wave profile, to detect target surface.
In step S503, quality metric is determined at least two reception signals, and by the quality metric with may specify
Threshold value may specify that limiting value is compared.It can if quality metric deviates at least two these of quality metric for receiving signal
Specified threshold then increases the energy of transmission signal, and is directed to and individually may specify that direction in space only determines single echo curve.Cause
And there is the switching from multidimensional topology measurement value one-dimensional measurement.For example, filling level gauging to one-dimensional measurement in the presence of from multidimensional
Switching.
Additionally, it should should be mentioned that, term " comprising " and " having " does not exclude any other element or step, and
"a" or "an" does not exclude multiple possibility.Moreover, it is noted that described with reference to one of above-described embodiment
Feature or step can also in above-described embodiment other feature or step use in combination.Reference numeral in claim
It is improper to be considered as with restriction effect.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of antenna equipment (201,203) comprising：
Control unit (111)；
Analytic unit (123)；
At least one first transmitter unit (202,204,207)；
At least one first acceptor unit (205,206,207),
Wherein, described control unit (111) is configured to through at least one first transmitter unit (202,204,207)
Transmission signal is sent,
Wherein, the analytic unit is configured to receive by least one first acceptor unit (205,206,207)
At least two receive signal,
Wherein, described control unit (111) be configured to operate at least one first transmitter unit (202,204,
207) so that the analytic unit (123) determines the surface of target (104) according at least two reception signal of reception
(120) profile,
Wherein, the analytic unit (123) is configured to identify the mistake in the profile on the surface for determining the target,
And
Wherein, the analytic unit (123) is configured to the driving described control unit (111) when identifying the mistake, makes
The analytic unit determine the surface of the target away from the transmitter unit and/or the acceptor unit away from
From, and do not know the profile on the surface of the target.
2. antenna equipment (201,203) according to claim 1,
Wherein, the analytic unit (123) is configured to receive signal according to described at least two to determine that at least two can refer to
At least two echo curves for determining direction in space (101,102,103), to detect the surface of the target (104)
(120) profile,
Wherein, the analytic unit (123) is further configured to determine described at least two quality metrics for receiving signal, with
Just the mistake in the profile on the surface (120) for determining the target (104) is identified, and
Wherein, if the quality metric that the quality metric deviates at least two receptions signal may specify threshold value,
The analytic unit (123) is configured to indicate that the transmitter unit increases the energy of the transmission signal, and for single
It may specify that direction in space determines single echo curve.
3. antenna equipment (201,203) according to claim 2, further comprises：
At least one second receiver unit (205,206,207),
Wherein, the analytic unit (123) be configured to through at least one first receiving unit (205,206,207) and
Each of described at least one second receiving unit (205,206,207) come receive it is described at least two receive signal in one
Person, and
Wherein, if the quality metric, which deviates the described of the quality metric, may specify threshold value, analytic unit (123) quilt
It is configured to send additional transmissions signal, to increase the energy of the transmission signal, and described individually may specify to determine
The echo curve of direction in space.
4. antenna equipment (201,203) according to claim 3, the antenna equipment further comprises：
At least one second transmitter unit (202,204,207),
Wherein, described control unit (111) is configured in time division multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing pattern and/or code division multiplexing mould
At least one first transmitter unit (202,204,207) and at least one second transmitter unit are operated in formula
(202,204,207),
Wherein, the analytic unit (123) is configured to by analyzing by the time division multiplexing, the frequency division multiplexing mould
It is described caused by least two transmitter unit (202,204,207) operated in formula and/or the code division multiplexing pattern to connect
It collects mail number come by determining at least two at least two echo curves that may specify direction in space using digital beam forming method,
And
Wherein, described if the quality metric, which deviates the described of the quality metric for receiving signal, may specify threshold value
Analytic unit (123) is further configured to divide the time division multiplexing, the frequency division multiplexing pattern and/or the code multiple
With pattern switching at least one first transmitter unit (202,204,207) and/or at least one second transmitting
Device unit (202,204,207) and/or first acceptor unit (205,206,207) and the second receiver unit
The parallel work-flow of at least one of (205,206,207), it is to increase the energy of the transmission signal and single to determine
A echo curve that may specify direction in space.
5. antenna equipment (201,203) according to any one of claim 2 to 4, wherein the antenna equipment (201,
203) further comprise：
Unit (108,109) is adjusted, is used to mechanically adjust at least one first acceptor unit (202,204,207)
It saves at least two and may specify direction in space, signal is received to receive described at least two from least two direction in spaces,
Wherein, if the described of the quality metric that the quality metric deviates at least two receptions signal may specify threshold
Value, the analytic unit (123), which is configured to the adjusting unit (108,109) being fixed on, described individually may specify space side
Upwards, to increase the energy of the transmission signal, and described single the described single of direction in space is may specify to determine
Echo curve.
6. antenna equipment (201,203) according to claim 5, wherein the antenna equipment (201,203) is further wrapped
It includes：
Additional transmitters unit (202,204,207),
Wherein, described control unit (111) is configured to be fixed in the adjusting unit (108,109) and described individually may specify
Additional transmissions signal is sent by the additional transmitters unit (202,204,207) while on direction in space.
7. the antenna equipment (201,203) according to any one of claim 2 to 6, wherein the antenna equipment is further
Including：
Energy adjustment unit,
Wherein, the energy adjustment unit is configured to be indicated by the transmitter unit to increase the energy of the transmission signal
Amount.
8. the antenna equipment (201,203) according to any one of claim 2 to 7, wherein the adjacent transmitter list
The distance of first (202,204,207) and/or the acceptor unit (205,206,207) is less than or equal to the transmission signal
The half of wavelength.
9. antenna equipment (201,203) according to any one of claim 1 to 8, wherein the antenna equipment (201,
203), described control unit (111) and/or the analytic unit (123) are designed to two wire device.
10. antenna equipment (201,203) according to any one of claim 1 to 9, wherein the antenna equipment (201,
203) further comprise：
Unit (108,109) is adjusted, is used to mechanically adjust at least one first transmitter unit (202,204,207)
And/or at least one first acceptor unit (202,204,207), with by mechanically adjusting described at least one first
Transmitter unit (202,204,207) and/or at least one second receiver unit (202,204,207) are described to determine
The profile on the surface (120) of target (104),
Wherein, the analytic unit (123) is configured to when identifying the mistake that the adjusting unit (108,109) is solid
It is scheduled on and may specify position, and determine the surface (120) of the target (104) away from the transmitter unit in the fixed position
The distance of (202,204,207) and/or the acceptor unit (205,206,207).
11. antenna equipment (201,203) according to claim 10, wherein at least one first transmitter unit
(202,204,207) and/or at least one first acceptor unit (202,204,207) are surround by antenna horn.
12. one kind including the filling level gauging of antenna equipment according to any one of claim 1 to 11 (201,203)
Device (105).
13. method of the one kind for operating antenna equipment (201,203) comprising：
Transmission signal is sent by least one first transmitter unit (202,204,207)；
At least two, which are received, by least one first acceptor unit (205,206,207) receives signal；
The profile on the surface of target is determined according at least two receptions signal of reception；
Identify the mistake in the profile on the surface for determining the target；And
When identifying the mistake, described control unit is driven so that the analytic unit determines the table of the target
The distance of transmitter unit described in identity distance and/or the acceptor unit, and do not know the profile on the surface of the target.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2015/076859 WO2017084701A1 (en) | 2015-11-17 | 2015-11-17 | Antenna device and method for operating an antenna device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108291832A true CN108291832A (en) | 2018-07-17 |
| CN108291832B CN108291832B (en) | 2020-08-11 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580085055.XA Active CN108291832B (en) | 2015-11-17 | 2015-11-17 | Antenna device, filling level measuring device and method for operating antenna device |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11067427B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3377864B1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR102277442B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN108291832B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017084701A1 (en) |
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| CN110631657A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-31 | 刘春燕 | Angle-adjustable radar level meter convenient to install |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108291832B (en) | 2020-08-11 |
| EP3377864A1 (en) | 2018-09-26 |
| EP3377864B1 (en) | 2020-09-16 |
| US20180335332A1 (en) | 2018-11-22 |
| KR20180082475A (en) | 2018-07-18 |
| KR102277442B1 (en) | 2021-07-15 |
| WO2017084701A1 (en) | 2017-05-26 |
| US11067427B2 (en) | 2021-07-20 |
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