CN108287787A - A kind of object change impact analysis method and system based on tense - Google Patents
A kind of object change impact analysis method and system based on tense Download PDFInfo
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- CN108287787A CN108287787A CN201711384679.9A CN201711384679A CN108287787A CN 108287787 A CN108287787 A CN 108287787A CN 201711384679 A CN201711384679 A CN 201711384679A CN 108287787 A CN108287787 A CN 108287787A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/36—Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
- G06F11/3604—Software analysis for verifying properties of programs
- G06F11/3608—Software analysis for verifying properties of programs using formal methods, e.g. model checking, abstract interpretation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
- G06F8/70—Software maintenance or management
- G06F8/75—Structural analysis for program understanding
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of object change impact analysis method and system based on tense.It the described method comprises the following steps：Structure indicates the multilayer tense dependency graph of the dependence between software object itself and object；According to the multilayer tense dependency graph, determine that following object change in the case of any one influences：Using some object as core, all objects being affected by it and its contact are determined；Using time shaft as core, determine that some object develops the influence to other objects at any time；Using time point as core, determine some time point all related objects and its between change influence.The present invention has studied a kind of general change impact analysis method, software maintenance and testing cost can be reduced, because only needing that impacted software object (model, component or other software object) is safeguarded and tested, and risk, cost and the progress changed with control software object can be analyzed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer technologies, more particularly, to a kind of object change impact analysis method based on tense
And system.
Background technology
Currently, with the increasingly promotion of itself scale of computer software and fine degree, software development process has been sent out
Exhibition is a multipair complex process as connecting each other, supporting, influence and restrict.Object involved by software development process is many
It is more, wherein main object includes the objects such as demand, design, model, component, parameter, software product.Involved by software development
Various development objects be not isolated existing, there are close ties between each other.For the contact between development object, lift
For example, the design of software product entirety can be decomposed into the design of modules, to being embedded in correlation in the design of module
Model, according to the design of software modules produce component, can be each component establish one support data son
Collect, relevant demand of component, etc. is described in the subset.
Temporal entity is itself to all have tense attribute, and the entity object that state changes over time.Between temporal entity
Contact can be used as tense contact.Connecting each other between software development object itself and object is not static and solid
Fixed, software development object itself is dynamic and time-varying, and the contact between development object is also dynamic and time-varying.Thus,
Software requirement, design, model, component, parameter and software product can be used as temporal entity, these temporal entities itself are no
There is only the contact of the version of Temporal Evolution, there is also complicated tense contacts between temporal entity.
For for concreteness, as shown in Figure 1, A entities (such as component) and B entity (such as software product) conduct
Temporal entity is respectively provided with the contact of the tense between various versions and each version.Wherein At0,At1,At2,At3,At4,
At5... each version for indicating A entities, be connected by dotted arrow line indicate A entities at any time development and evolution at each version pair
As B entity also has the sequence of the version objects of similar Temporal Evolution, i.e. Bt0, Bt1, Bt3, Bt4, Bt5；It is A, B entity every
The version objects at a moment attached temporal label, and temporal label is the effective time of the version objects, and effective time is expressed as
" [issuing time, down time] ".Solid arrow illustrates connecting each other between each version objects of A, B entity, such as
Software product is contact between the two to the use of component；Connecting each other for Temporal Object also attached temporal label, position
Temporal label beside solid line indicate two version objects establish contact effective time " [time started, at the end of
Between] ", to characterize the tense attribute that temporal entity connects each other；Referring to each arrow in Fig. 1, wherein Fig. 1 (1) indicates At0
Version " use " Bt0Version；Fig. 1 (2) indicates A entities by At1Edition upgrading is At2Version, Bt1Version is constant；Fig. 1 (3) is indicated
At3Version is constant, Bt3Edition upgrading is Bt4Version；Fig. 1 (4) indicates At3Upgrade to At5Version, Bt4Edition upgrading is Bt5Version.
In short, four kinds of tenses contact between two class temporal entity of above-mentioned A and B, is actually the contact of following two categories tense：A versions become
Change, the variation of B version synchronizations；A versions change, and B versions do not change.
Since the software developments object such as demand, design, model, component, parameter and software product has the category of temporal entity
Property, therefore, in software development process, the influence come to any of which object change tape is analyzed, software development management
In a key technology.Change impact analysis is the important means for ensureing software quality, it is possible to reduce software maintenance and test
Cost, because only needing that impacted software object (model, component or other software object) is safeguarded and tested.
Thus, an outstanding software change impact analysis method is very important entire software system development.
It is current many for the correlative study of software change impact analysis both at home and abroad, but most of it is all based on source code collection
Change impact analysis, the research method of many change impact analysis is all from inheritance, method call behavior and other journeys
Dependence between sequence entity infers next.It is predicted by analyzing sound code file, class packet, class, method, statement and variable
The propagation of change.The change impact analysis method of source code grade is not suitable for early stage and demand analysis in Software for Design.It is existing
A less part is the change impact analysis based on Software Architecture Level in technology, such as UML component diagrams can be at one
Than source code in more abstract level evaluation system structure change, this can be in the early stage of exploitation and based on mould
The method that type develops progress impact analysis on (Model Based Development, MBD) is more and more important in recent years.So
Even and allow the architecture analysis of fine granularity result will to depend on the modeling language of bottom, such as analysis is complicated
Uml class figure.And it is less for the correlative study of the software change impact analysis of procedure level in the prior art.
As it can be seen that lack in the prior art it is a kind of developing to dynamic from static state, consider and support it is version evolving in change shadow
Analysis is rung, really to realize change the means of impact analysis from the angle of tense.
Invention content
According to the demand in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of object change impact analysis based on tense
Method and system.The present invention has studied a kind of general change impact analysis method, to support to being needed in software development process
It asks, design, model, component, software and the entity objects such as data being supported to realize change impact analysis.
The present invention provides a kind of object change impact analysis method based on tense, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
Structure indicates the multilayer tense dependency graph of the dependence between software object itself and object；
According to the multilayer tense dependency graph, determine that following object change in the case of any one influences：With some object
For core, all objects being affected by it and its contact are determined；Using time shaft as core, determine that some object develops at any time
Influence to other objects；Using time point as core, determine some time point all related objects and its between change shadow
It rings.
Preferably, the multilayer tense dependency graph of structure includes demand layer, layers of alterations and design level；Demand layer
Dependence of the expression demand object as temporal entity；Each layers of alterations indicates the change with the software object corresponding to this layer
Dependence of the more relationship as temporal entity；Design level indicates dependence of the design object as temporal entity.
Preferably, each layer of Li of the multilayer dependency graph is defined as granularity dependency graph L more than onei=(Vi,Ei,
DTi), this layer is made of the entity of same type and its attribute and behavior, interior joint ViPresentation-entity set, EiIt indicates
Directed edge ＜ v between nodei, vjThe set of ＞, ＜ vi, vj＞ indicates node viDependent on node vj, DTiIt indicates to rely on type set.
Preferably, using some object as core, the contact analyzed between the object that is affected specifically includes following analysis
Content it is one or more：(1) in same life cycle, the change inside temporal entity influences；(2) in same life cycle,
Change between temporal entity influences；(3) in different life, the change inside temporal entity influences；(4) different life
In period, the change between temporal entity influences.
Preferably, determine object change influence simultaneously using temporal entity dynamic temporal information and static state it is non-when
State information.
The object change impact analysis system based on tense that the present invention provides a kind of, which is characterized in that including：
Tense dependency graph construction unit indicates the dependence between software object itself and object for building
Multilayer tense dependency graph；
Object change impact analysis unit, in the case of any one below according to the multilayer tense dependency graph, determining
Object change influence：Using some object as core, all objects being affected by it and its contact are determined；Using time shaft as core
The heart determines that some object develops the influence to other objects at any time；Using time point as core, determine that some time point all
Related object and its between change influence.
Preferably, the object change impact analysis unit determines that object change influences while utilizing temporal entity
Dynamic temporal information and static non-temporal information.
As it can be seen that a key technology as software configuration management, the present invention is for various software objects and its contact tool
Sometimes the essential characteristic of state property provides the change impact analysis method based on tense.The present invention is to ensure the weight of software quality
Want means, it is possible to reduce software maintenance and testing cost because only need to impacted software object (model, component or
Other software object) it is safeguarded and is tested, and risk, cost and the progress changed with control software object can be analyzed.
Description of the drawings
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments：
Fig. 1 shows temporal entity and its time-varying schematic diagram of contact；
Fig. 2 is the change impact analysis method flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 3 shows the exemplary construction of multilayer tense dependency graph.
Specific implementation mode
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solution of the present invention, and make above-mentioned mesh of the invention
, feature and advantage can be more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is made with reference to embodiment and embodiment attached drawing further detailed
Explanation.
The present invention is directed to demand in software development process, design, model, component, software and supports the entities pair such as data
As according to its characteristic as temporal entity, the spy of tense contact is also belonged in particular according to the contact between these objects
Property, provide object change impact analysis method and its system based on tense.The present invention towards above-mentioned temporal entity object and
Possessed complicated contact between temporal entity, can be using wherein some object as core, or with time shaft or time point
For core, the influence caused by the differentiation of object at any time is determined.
The impact analysis of software object change, particular content include being carried out to changing the influence generated in following several respects
Analysis：Influence to software product section, the influence to workload and progress, possibility, the influence degree of occurrence risk, with
And need back the range surveyed.The software product section that may wherein influence, including the project plan, requirement documents, Outline Design text
Shelves, detailed design document, source code and program, test plan and test cases and customer documentation.To workload and progress
Influence, include the influence to the individual module duration, that is, realize the demand become with greater need for cost and workload；Then include real
Now the demand changes the influence to whole duration workload and cost.The influence degree of software object change can be to influence greatly
Small formulation grade scale, for example, by change influence entity number be more than 10 or more than entity sum 50% change, or
The change of the risk of "high" or " senior middle school " degree but will be brought by becoming, and can be classified to the big change of influence degree, not up on
The change for stating standard is classified to the small change of influence degree.
The change of one software object, final coverage are determined by following two factors:1) software object changes
Type and attribute；2) context environmental residing for entity changed refers mainly to the various dependences of the entity and other entities
Relationship.Software object change type, the reason of referring to causing change type, demand change, design alteration, code can be divided into
Optimization, customer documentation optimization and change of plan etc..The attribute of software object change includes the priority of change, changes priority
According to importance, urgency and the influence degree to key business of change, and the influence to security of system and stability
Degree can be divided into multiple registrations, such as be divided into critical, high, middle and low etc. 4 grades.The category of software object change
Property further include change mark, can be divided into it is newly-increased, modification and delete.
Consider the above-mentioned determinant that change influences, is especially considering that the dependence of object entity influences change
The decisive action of range, the object change impact analysis method provided by the invention based on tense, as shown in Fig. 2, including it is following
Step：
Structure indicates the multilayer tense dependency graph of the dependence between software object itself and object；
According to the multilayer tense dependency graph, determine that following object change in the case of any one influences：With some object
For core, all objects being affected by it and its contact are determined；Using time shaft as core, determine that some object develops at any time
Influence to other objects；Using time point as core, determine some time point all related objects and its between change shadow
It rings.
Fig. 3 is the multilayer tense dependency graph for indicating the dependence between software object itself and object.In general, real
Relationship between body can be subdivided into：Incidence relation, paradigmatic relation, syntagmatic, generalization, dependence.Incidence relation,
Paradigmatic relation, syntagmatic, generalization and dependence are all the relationships between entity, but their part attributes for having
Meet dependence, thus is properly termed as weak dependence.During dependency analysis, dependence can be used as to consider.
There is many behaviour between the entity objects such as demand, design, model, component, software and support data in software development process
Make and constituent relation, there is layer variabilities between entity, thus there are dependences between entity；And inside entity
There can be a large amount of change situation with the variation of time and version, thus there is also dependences inside entity.In order to
Facilitate understanding, generally indicates the dependence between various entities with the form of figure in the prior art, and propose many dependences
The model of figure, such as program dependency graph (Program Dependency Graph, PDG), system dependence graph (System
Dependency Graph, SDG), object dependency graph (Object Dependency Graph, ODG) and class dependency graph (Class
Dependency Graph, CDG) etc., therefore the present invention also using patterned method indicate demand, design, model, component,
Software and the various dependences for supporting the entity objects such as data.
Proposed by the invention establishes multilayer tense dependency graph, is to be based on multilayer tense using more granularity dependency graphs as prototype
Graph model is relied on, demand, design, model, component, software product and the change for supporting all entities such as data, is uniformly regarded
One individual layers of alterations.As shown in figure 3, the multilayer tense dependency graph includes demand layer, layers of alterations and design level.Demand
Layer indicates dependence of the demand object as temporal entity；Each layers of alterations indicates that corresponding object is (model, structure, soft
Part product supports data) dependence of the change relationship as temporal entity, design level expression design object is as tense
The dependence of entity.About dependency graph, in Direct dependence graph DG=(V, E), V is node viSet, be denoted as V=
{vi, wherein node viPresentation-entity, i=1,2 ..., n.E directed edge ＜ v between nodei, vjThe set of ＞, whereinSequence is even
〈vi, vj＞ indicates node viDependent on node vj, 1≤i≤n, 1≤j≤n.Briefly, it is exactly that a Direct dependence graph is main
It is expressed by the set of two kinds of elements, i.e. directed edge between the node and node of Direct dependence graph.In the oriented dependence of entity
In figure, a node means that an entity, and the directed edge between node is then by a pair of of sequence idol<vi, vj>It indicates, wherein
viWith vjWhat is indicated is all the node in Direct dependence graph,<vi, vj>Indicate node viDependent on node vj.For between entity
Dependence typically refers to the call relation (or inclusion relation) between entity, is indicated with the dependence edge between entity, from generation
Table calls the node of entity (or starting entity) to be directed toward the node for representing the entity that is called (or termination entity).More granularities rely on
Figure is a kind of form of Direct dependence graph, for giving dependency graph G=<V,E,DT>, node either entity (Entity),
It can also be entity attribute (Attribute), can also be the behavior (Behavior) of entity, then V=VE∪VA∪VB, E=V
× V × DT, wherein DT indicate to rely on type set.Multilayer dependency graph (Multilayer Dependency Graph) each layer
Li is defined as granularity dependency graph L more than onei=Gi=(Vi,Ei,DTi), the entity and its attribute and row of this layer only same type
To constitute, for each node viAll there are one its place level numbers of attribute record.Multilayer dependency graph MDG=(L, EL,DTL),
Middle L is that the more granularities of each layer rely on set of graphs Gi, ELFor interlayer dependence<Vi, dtl, vj, vt>Set, it is each to rely on
Relationship is by viAnd vjFrom different layers, vi∈Vi,vj∈Vj,dtl∈DTL。
Multilayer tense dependency graph according to Fig.3, by inquiring the multilayer tense dependency graph, it may be determined that following to appoint
Anticipate it is a kind of in the case of object change influence：Using some object as core, all objects being affected by it and its contact are determined；
Using time shaft as core, determine that some object develops the influence to other objects at any time；Using time point as core, certain is determined
A time point all related objects and its between change influence.
Wherein, about using some object as core, the contact between the object that is affected, the non-temporal entity of software are analyzed
Contact include contact between the contact inside entity and entity, and the contact of software temporal entity is including non-temporal entity
Contact on, state property when also relating to is divided into the temporal-entity-association and different life in same life cycle
Temporal-entity-association.So the change impact analysis to temporal entity includes：(1) in same life cycle, inside temporal entity
Change influence, such as other types that a certain demand in demand entity occurs in demand entity of the change to the version need
The influence asked；(2) in same life cycle, the change between temporal entity influences, such as the demand entity in system becomes
More to the influence of other entities in the edition system；(3) in different life, the change inside temporal entity influences, example
As version 1.0 demand entity in a certain demand occur similar demand in demand entity of the change to version 2 .0 and its
The influence of its type demand；(4) in different life, change between temporal entity influences, for example, version 1.0 demand
Influence of the change to other temporal entities of version 2 .0 occurs for entity.
For change impact analysis, following means are specifically included：1) static analysis；2) dynamic analysis；3) multiple analysis,
Not only multidate information is used, but also uses static information.When being needed for the change impact analysis of temporal entity while utilizing dynamic
State information and static non-temporal information, therefore the change impact analysis in this level must use complex method.It needs to note
The purpose of meaning, the change impact analysis of Kernel-based methods grade is to provide Assistance And Instruction to software developer, is not related to specific
Source code, therefore main analysis is according to should be dependence between software entity.Different change impact analysis method is suitable
For the different development phases, therefore the impact analysis method that different temporal entities is taken also should be different.
The object change that the present invention is obtained according to analysis influences to influence after as a result, some software object change can be carried out
The test of object influences to bring the assessment of risk to software product and changes software object to development progress shadow on change
Sound is assessed.
As it can be seen that a key technology as software configuration management, the present invention is for various software objects and its contact tool
Sometimes the essential characteristic of state property provides the change impact analysis method based on tense.The present invention is to ensure the weight of software quality
Want means, it is possible to reduce software maintenance and testing cost because only need to impacted software object (model, component or
Other software object) it is safeguarded and is tested, and risk, cost and the progress changed with control software object can be analyzed.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, and the present invention can be applied in miscellaneous equipment；More than
Size and number in description are only informative, and those skilled in the art can select application appropriate according to actual needs
Size, without departing from the scope of the present invention.Scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any to be familiar with the art
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in should all cover the guarantor in the present invention to technical staff
Within the scope of shield.Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of object change impact analysis method based on tense, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Structure indicates the multilayer tense dependency graph of the dependence between software object itself and object；
According to the multilayer tense dependency graph, determine that following object change in the case of any one influences：Using some object as core
The heart determines all objects being affected by it and its contact；Using time shaft as core, determine that some object is developed at any time to other
The influence of object；Using time point as core, determine some time point all related objects and its between change influence.
2. object change impact analysis method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the multilayer tense of structure according to
It includes demand layer, layers of alterations and design level to rely figure；Demand layer indicates dependence of the demand object as temporal entity；Each
Layers of alterations indicates dependence of the change relationship with the software object corresponding to this layer as temporal entity；Design level expression is set
Count dependence of the object as temporal entity.
3. object change impact analysis method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the multilayer dependency graph it is each
Layer Li is defined as granularity dependency graph L more than onei=(Vi,Ei,DTi), this layer is by the entity and its attribute of same type and behavior
It constitutes, interior joint ViPresentation-entity set, EiDirected edge ＜ v between expression nodei, vjThe set of ＞, ＜ vi, vj＞ indicates node vi
Dependent on node vj, DTiIt indicates to rely on type set.
4. object change impact analysis method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that using some object as core, point
The contact analysed between the object that is affected specifically includes the one or more of following analysis content：(1) in same life cycle, when
Change inside state entity influences；(2) in same life cycle, the change between temporal entity influences；(3) different life
Interior, the change inside temporal entity influences；(4) in different life, the change between temporal entity influences.
5. object change impact analysis method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that determine that object change influences simultaneously
Dynamic temporal information using temporal entity and static non-temporal information.
6. a kind of object change impact analysis system based on tense, which is characterized in that including：
Tense dependency graph construction unit, when for building the multilayer for indicating the dependence between software object itself and object
State dependency graph；
Object change impact analysis unit, for pair in the case of any one below according to the multilayer tense dependency graph, determining
As change influences：Using some object as core, all objects being affected by it and its contact are determined；Using time shaft as core, really
Some fixed object develops the influence to other objects at any time；Using time point as core, determine that some time point all correlations are right
As and its between change influence.
7. the object change impact analysis system according to claim 6 based on tense, which is characterized in that the object becomes
More impact analysis unit determines that object change is influenced while being believed using the dynamic temporal information of temporal entity and static non-tense
Breath.
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| CN111158676A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 山东蚁动网络科技有限公司 | Component relevance analysis method, equipment and medium based on variable propagation technology |
| CN111815204A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-10-23 | 中国工商银行股份有限公司 | Risk assessment method, device and system |
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| CN106970788A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-07-21 | 中国人民解放军海军大连舰艇学院 | A kind of object dependency relation based on tense finds method and system |
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