CN108286763B - Air conditioning system with energy gradient utilization function - Google Patents

Air conditioning system with energy gradient utilization function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108286763B
CN108286763B CN201711428702.XA CN201711428702A CN108286763B CN 108286763 B CN108286763 B CN 108286763B CN 201711428702 A CN201711428702 A CN 201711428702A CN 108286763 B CN108286763 B CN 108286763B
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way valve
communicated
interface
heater
conditioning system
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CN108286763A (en
Inventor
张学伟
陈华
林创辉
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Guangdong Shenling Environmental Systems Co Ltd
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Guangdong Shenling Environmental Systems Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/30—Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
    • F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/003—Filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an air conditioning system for gradient utilization of energy.A first surface air cooler is arranged in a fresh air pipeline, and a second surface air cooler is arranged in a return air pipeline; the outlet of the compressor is sequentially communicated with a hot side channel of the hot water heat exchanger and a first interface of a first four-way valve, a second interface of the first four-way valve is sequentially communicated with a hot side channel of the heater, a throttling device and a third interface of a second four-way valve, the second interface of the second four-way valve is sequentially communicated with a first surface air cooler, a second surface air cooler and a fourth interface of the second four-way valve, the first interface of the second four-way valve is communicated with the fourth interface of the first four-way valve, and the third interface of the first four-way valve is communicated with the inlet of the compressor; the outdoor unit heat exchanger is connected to two ends of a hot side pipeline of the heater in parallel, one end of a cold side pipeline of the heater is communicated with the water tank, and the other end of the cold side pipeline of the heater is communicated with a water inlet pipe of the water tank. The invention uses the first surface air cooler to refrigerate or heat the whole fresh air, uses the second surface air cooler to pre-cool or pre-heat the return air, and uses the heater to pre-heat the water tank inlet.

Description

Air conditioning system with energy gradient utilization function
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of air conditioning equipment, and particularly relates to an air conditioning system for gradient utilization of energy.
Background
Along with the high-speed development of economy in China, urban commerce is flourishing, urban land is in shortage day by day, large public buildings and urban complexes are more and more in quantity and larger in scale, most of the existing urban complexes comprise hotels, restaurants, entertainment places (bath centers, saunas and the like), high-class apartments, swimming houses, supermarkets, shopping centers, office buildings and the like, the energy consumption of the large urban complexes is higher and higher, the places need to use a large amount of hot water and cold water for air conditioning and refrigeration at the same time, a mode of independently setting cold and heat supply is adopted in the prior art, the large-cold-quantity condensation heat generated by refrigeration needs to be released into the atmosphere, serious environmental pollution is caused, meanwhile, a boiler is adopted to produce a large amount of hot water, and the energy utilization mode does not consider the problems of energy complementation and gradient utilization, and is high in energy consumption.
The most energy-consuming two aspects of a large-scale urban complex are: the production of high-temperature hot water generally adopts an electric or gas boiler, consumes a large amount of energy, and simultaneously produces a large amount of waste gas to pollute the environment. The production of refrigerant water for air conditioner generally adopts a water chilling unit for refrigeration, needs to consume a large amount of energy, and simultaneously generates a large amount of waste heat to pollute the environment.
It is seen that improvements and enhancements to the prior art are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an air conditioning system with energy cascade utilization, which effectively utilizes the cold and heat sources at middle and low grades and greatly improves the utilization rate of energy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an air conditioning system utilizing energy in a gradient manner comprises a compressor, a hot water heat exchanger positioned in a water tank, a throttling device, a first four-way valve, a second four-way valve, a water tank water inlet pipe, an outdoor unit heat exchanger, a first surface cooler arranged on a fresh air pipeline, a second surface cooler arranged on a return air pipeline and a heater, wherein the first surface cooler is connected with the first surface cooler; the outlet of the compressor is sequentially communicated with a hot side channel of the hot water heat exchanger and a first interface of a first four-way valve, a second interface of the first four-way valve is sequentially communicated with a hot side channel of the heater, a throttling device and a third interface of a second four-way valve, the second interface of the second four-way valve is sequentially communicated with a first surface air cooler, a second surface air cooler and a fourth interface of the second four-way valve, the first interface of the second four-way valve is communicated with the fourth interface of the first four-way valve, and the third interface of the first four-way valve is communicated with the inlet of the compressor; the outdoor unit heat exchanger is connected to two ends of a hot side pipeline of the heater in parallel, one end of a cold side pipeline of the heater is communicated with the water tank, and the other end of the cold side pipeline of the heater is communicated with a water inlet pipe of the water tank.
The air conditioning system for energy gradient utilization further comprises a gas-liquid separator; one end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with an inlet of the compressor, and the other end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with a third interface of the first four-way valve.
In the air conditioning system with energy gradient utilization, the throttling device is an expansion valve.
The air conditioning system for energy gradient utilization further comprises an engine oil separator and an engine oil tank; the refrigerant inlet of the engine oil separator is communicated with the outlet of the compressor, the refrigerant outlet of the engine oil separator is communicated with the hot side channel of the hot water heat exchanger, the engine oil outlet of the engine oil separator is communicated with the inlet of the engine oil tank, and the outlet of the engine oil tank is communicated with the engine oil inlet of the compressor.
The air conditioning system for energy cascade utilization further comprises a filter; the filters are respectively arranged at two ends of the throttling device.
The air conditioning system for energy cascade utilization further comprises a bypass valve; and two ends of the bypass valve are respectively connected with two ends of a hot side channel of the hot water heat exchanger.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides an air conditioning system with energy gradient utilization, which is provided with a heater, a first surface air cooler and a second surface air cooler, wherein the first surface air cooler is arranged in a fresh air pipeline, the second surface air cooler is arranged in an air return pipeline, a cold side channel of the heater is connected with a water tank water inlet pipe, in summer, the first surface air cooler dehumidifies and cools fresh air so as to meet the requirement of air supply temperature, the second surface air cooler precools the return air, and the heater preheats the water fed into the water tank, so that the effective utilization of a low-medium grade cold source and a heat source is realized, and domestic hot water and refrigeration are provided; in winter, the first surface air cooler heats the fresh air, the second surface air cooler preheats the return air, and the outdoor heat exchanger absorbs heat and evaporates the refrigerant.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic connection diagram of an air conditioning system for energy cascade utilization according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation principle of the air conditioning system with energy cascade utilization in summer.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the operation principle of the air conditioning system with energy cascade utilization provided by the invention in winter.
Detailed Description
The present invention provides an air conditioning system with energy gradient utilization, and in order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an air conditioning system using energy in a gradient manner, including a compressor 1, a hot water heat exchanger located in a water tank 10, a throttling device 7, a first four-way valve 3, a second four-way valve 17, a water tank inlet pipe 14, an outdoor unit heat exchanger 4, a first surface air cooler 8 arranged in a fresh air pipeline 15, a second surface air cooler 9 arranged in an air return pipeline 16, and a heater 6; the outlet of the compressor 1 is sequentially communicated with a hot side channel of the hot water heat exchanger and a first interface of a first four-way valve 3, a second interface of the first four-way valve 3 is sequentially communicated with a hot side channel of the heater 6, a throttling device 7 and a third interface of a second four-way valve 17, the second interface of the second four-way valve 17 is sequentially communicated with a first surface air cooler 8, a second surface air cooler 9 and a fourth interface of the second four-way valve 17, the first interface of the second four-way valve 17 is communicated with the fourth interface of the first four-way valve 3, and the third interface of the first four-way valve 3 is communicated with the inlet of the compressor 1; the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is connected in parallel to both ends of a hot side pipeline of the heater 6, one end of a cold side pipeline of the heater 6 is communicated with the water tank, and the other end of the cold side pipeline of the heater 6 is communicated with a water inlet pipe 14 of the water tank.
Further, the air conditioning system for energy cascade utilization further comprises a gas-liquid separator 2; one end of the gas-liquid separator 2 is communicated with an inlet of the compressor 1, and the other end of the gas-liquid separator 2 is communicated with a third interface of the four-way valve I3. Through the effect of the gas-liquid separator 2, gas-liquid separation is realized, and the phenomenon that liquid refrigerant or engine oil enters the compressor 1 to cause liquid impact on the compressor 1 and damage to an air valve of the compressor 1 is avoided.
In particular, the throttle device 7 is an expansion valve. The hot water heat exchanger is a spiral tube heat exchanger and is completely immersed in the water tank 10.
Further, the air conditioning system for energy cascade utilization further comprises an oil separator 18 and an oil tank 19; the refrigerant inlet of the oil separator 18 is communicated with the outlet of the compressor 1, the refrigerant outlet of the oil separator 18 is communicated with the hot side channel of the hot water heat exchanger, the oil outlet of the oil separator 18 is communicated with the inlet of the oil tank 19, and the outlet of the oil tank 19 is communicated with the oil inlet of the compressor 1. In the operation process of the compressor 1, engine oil is required to be used for lubrication, but the problem of sealing performance exists, the engine oil can be leaked out all the time and mixed with the refrigerant, the engine oil is recovered through the separation effect of the engine oil separator 18 and is conveyed to an engine oil inlet of the compressor 1, the amount of the engine oil is supplemented, the oil consumption is reduced, and the heat exchange efficiency of the refrigerant can be improved.
Further, the air conditioning system for energy cascade utilization further comprises a filter 11 and a filter 12; a filter 11 and a filter 12 are provided at both ends of the throttle device 7, respectively. The filter 11 and the filter 12 are provided to filter the refrigerant entering the expansion device 7, adsorb moisture mixed with the refrigerant, and prevent the expansion device 7 from being blocked by ice.
Further, the air conditioning system for energy cascade utilization further comprises a bypass valve 13; both ends of the bypass valve 13 are connected to both ends of a hot side passage of the hot water heat exchanger, respectively. When the water level in the water tank 10 reaches the highest set value and the temperature meets the highest temperature set value, the hot water heat exchanger does not need to continue to operate, and the bypass valve 13 is opened to close the control valve in front of the inlet of the hot water heat exchanger, so that the bypass of the hot water heat exchanger is realized.
Specifically, a liquid level sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged in the water tank 10, a control valve is arranged on the water inlet pipe 14 of the water tank, electromagnetic valves are arranged at the inlet ends of the heater 6 and the outdoor unit heat exchanger 4, and the liquid level sensor, the temperature sensor, the control valve and the electromagnetic valves are all electrically connected to a control system. When the liquid level is too high, the control valve is closed, the operation of the heater 6 is stopped, the operation of the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is switched, and the heat exchange effect between the refrigerant and the outside air is enhanced through the action of the fan 5.
As shown in fig. 2, when the compressor operates in summer, the refrigerant enters the oil separator 18 after coming out of the compressor 1, the separation of the refrigerant and the oil is completed, and then the refrigerant enters the hot water heat exchanger to exchange heat with the water in the water tank 10, so as to produce hot water; then the refrigerant flows to a heater 6 through a first four-way valve 3, the refrigerant in the heater 6 preheats the water entering the water tank, the preheated water flows into a water tank 10 to supplement water, the refrigerant flows out and then is reduced in pressure and temperature through the throttling action of a throttling device 7, the refrigerant flows to a first surface air cooler 8 through a second four-way valve 17, the refrigerant dehumidifies and cools the fresh air in a fresh air pipeline 15, the refrigerant flows to a second surface air cooler 9, the return air is precooled in a return air pipeline 16, and finally the refrigerant returns to the inlet of the compressor 1 through a gas-liquid separator 2, so that the working cycle is formed. The high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant coming out from the compressor 1 transmits high-grade heat to domestic water in the water tank 10 in the hot water heat exchanger to provide a large amount of domestic hot water, the medium-low grade heat carried by the refrigerant is effectively recycled in the heater 6, the heat is transmitted to the water tank to enter water, the preheating work of the water tank entering water is completed, the high-grade cold energy of the refrigerant in a gas-liquid mixed state is used for dehumidification and cooling of the whole fresh air in the first surface air cooler 8 to provide the whole fresh air with low humidity and low temperature, the residual medium-low grade cold energy of the refrigerant is used for realizing the value in the second surface air cooler 9, and the return air is precooled. If the hot water heat exchanger stops operating, the heater 6 must be switched to the outdoor heat exchanger 4 to operate. In summer, the air conditioning system with energy cascade utilization provides a large amount of domestic hot water and completes refrigeration work.
As shown in fig. 3, when the air conditioner operates in winter, the refrigerant flows out of the compressor 1, enters the hot water heat exchanger, performs production work of domestic hot water, flows into the first surface air cooler 8 through the first four-way valve 3 and the second four-way valve 17 in sequence, heats fresh air, then flows to the second surface air cooler 9, and preheats return air; the refrigerant transfers heat to the fresh air and the return air, then is condensed into liquid, then flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 4 through the throttling device 7, absorbs the heat of the outside air, is evaporated, becomes gaseous refrigerant, and finally returns to the inlet of the compressor 1 through the gas-liquid separator 2, thereby completing one working cycle. In winter, the air conditioning system with energy cascade utilization provides a large amount of domestic hot water and completes heating work.
In summary, the invention provides an air conditioning system with energy gradient utilization, which is provided with a heater, a first surface air cooler and a second surface air cooler, wherein the first surface air cooler is arranged in a fresh air pipeline, the second surface air cooler is arranged in a return air pipeline, a cold side channel of the heater is connected with a water tank water inlet pipe, in summer, the first surface air cooler dehumidifies and cools fresh air so as to meet the requirement of air supply temperature, the second surface air cooler precools return air, and the heater preheats water entering the water tank, so that the effective utilization of a low-medium-grade cold source and a heat source is realized, and domestic hot water and refrigeration are provided; in winter, the first surface air cooler heats the fresh air, the second surface air cooler preheats the return air, and the outdoor heat exchanger absorbs heat and evaporates the refrigerant.
It should be understood that equivalents and modifications of the technical solution and inventive concept thereof may occur to those skilled in the art, and all such modifications and alterations should fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. An air conditioning system utilizing energy in a gradient manner comprises a compressor, a hot water heat exchanger positioned in a water tank, a throttling device, a first four-way valve, a second four-way valve, a water tank water inlet pipe and an outdoor unit heat exchanger, and is characterized by further comprising a first surface cooler arranged on a fresh air pipeline, a second surface cooler arranged on a return air pipeline and a heater; the outlet of the compressor is sequentially communicated with a hot side channel of the hot water heat exchanger and a first interface of a first four-way valve, a second interface of the first four-way valve is sequentially communicated with a hot side channel of the heater, a throttling device and a third interface of a second four-way valve, the second interface of the second four-way valve is sequentially communicated with a first surface air cooler, a second surface air cooler and a fourth interface of the second four-way valve, the first interface of the second four-way valve is communicated with the fourth interface of the first four-way valve, and the third interface of the first four-way valve is communicated with the inlet of the; the outdoor unit heat exchanger is connected to two ends of a hot side pipeline of the heater in parallel, one end of a cold side pipeline of the heater is communicated with the water tank, and the other end of the cold side pipeline of the heater is communicated with a water inlet pipe of the water tank.
2. The energy cascade air conditioning system of claim 1, further comprising a gas-liquid separator; one end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with an inlet of the compressor, and the other end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with a third interface of the first four-way valve.
3. The energy cascade air conditioning system of claim 1, wherein the throttling device is an expansion valve.
4. The energy cascade air conditioning system of claim 1, further comprising an oil separator and an oil reservoir; the refrigerant inlet of the engine oil separator is communicated with the outlet of the compressor, the refrigerant outlet of the engine oil separator is communicated with the hot side channel of the hot water heat exchanger, the engine oil outlet of the engine oil separator is communicated with the inlet of the engine oil tank, and the outlet of the engine oil tank is communicated with the engine oil inlet of the compressor.
5. The energy cascade air conditioning system of claim 1, further comprising a filter; the filters are respectively arranged at two ends of the throttling device.
6. The energy cascading air conditioning system of claim 1, further comprising a bypass valve; and two ends of the bypass valve are respectively connected with two ends of a hot side channel of the hot water heat exchanger.
CN201711428702.XA 2017-12-26 2017-12-26 Air conditioning system with energy gradient utilization function Active CN108286763B (en)

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CN110513798A (en) * 2019-09-17 2019-11-29 山东大学 Multifunctional heat pump system and method based on gray water sources, condensation latent heat and air-source

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CN201772675U (en) * 2010-07-15 2011-03-23 同方人工环境有限公司 Air-conditioning heat pump ventilation unit provided with functions of refrigeration, heating, domestic hot water and fresh air
WO2013171803A1 (en) * 2012-05-18 2013-11-21 三菱電機株式会社 Heat pump device
CN102997489A (en) * 2012-10-22 2013-03-27 珠海市威望节能科技有限公司 Efficient integrated hot water and air conditioning machine
CN203550279U (en) * 2013-08-26 2014-04-16 张志刚 Dual-purpose machine for air-conditioning and providing domestic hot water
CN104713269A (en) * 2015-03-19 2015-06-17 合肥天鹅制冷科技有限公司 Multi-heat-exchanger switching ground source heat pump hot water unit
CN205403227U (en) * 2016-01-31 2016-07-27 嘉兴学院 Cold and hot antithetical couplet of high -efficient clean many energy comprehensive utilization supplies system

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