CN108282858A - Keep uplink synchronisation method, base station and user equipment - Google Patents
Keep uplink synchronisation method, base station and user equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN108282858A CN108282858A CN201710007326.0A CN201710007326A CN108282858A CN 108282858 A CN108282858 A CN 108282858A CN 201710007326 A CN201710007326 A CN 201710007326A CN 108282858 A CN108282858 A CN 108282858A
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- user equipment
- base station
- tat
- pdcch order
- targeting sequencing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
- H04W56/0005—Synchronisation arrangements synchronizing of arrival of multiple uplinks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method, base station and user equipmenies keeping uplink synchronous, wherein this method includes：When the TAT remaining times for detecting user equipment reaching preset time threshold, base station sends Physical Downlink Control Channel instruction to the user equipment in business；Base station receives the targeting sequencing that user equipment is returned according to Physical Downlink Control Channel instruction；TA is estimated in base station according to targeting sequencing, and TA is sent to user equipment, so that user equipment keeps uplink synchronous according to TA.The present invention is when the TAT remaining times for detecting user equipment reaching preset time threshold, Physical Downlink Control Channel instruction is sent to user equipment, in this way, the targeting sequencing that can be returned according to user is received, and TA is estimated according to targeting sequencing, then, the user equipment that can be allowed in business realizes uplink synchronous using the TA, during being somebody's turn to do, regardless of whether being list carrier wave, uplink synchronous can be completed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication fields, more particularly to a kind of method, base station and user equipment keeping uplink synchronous.
Background technology
In order to which base station can correctly solve the data that terminal is sent, needs terminal and base station to keep uplink synchronous, ensure eventually
The signal at end can accurately be fallen into the receiving time window of base station, that is, within the scope of cyclic prefix.Due to terminal and base station
There are certain time delays of eating dishes without rice or wine so that the time synchronization point of terminal can be inconsistent with the time synchronization point of base station, in order to eliminate end
Time synchronization deviation between end and base station, UE (user equipment, User Equipment) needs carry out the time before emitting signal
Adjustment, emits, this adjustment time is exactly so-called TA (Timing Advance, Time according to the time synchronization of base station point
Advance).Base station can control the uplink signal from different UE and reach base station by the TA values of each UE of control appropriate
Time, for the UE from base station farther out, since propagation delay time is larger it is necessary to sending line number in advance than the UE close from base station
According to TA values are also relatively large.
In order to ensure the uplink synchronous of UE and base station, base station needs to measure the TA values of UE, then by smooth etc. a series of
TAC (Timing Advance order, Time Advance Commond) is calculated, then is handed down to UE so that UE knows more in advance
Long-time transmission data just can guarantee that its data is just fallen within the scope of the cyclic prefix of base station.
Common TA evaluation methods have frequency domain estimation algorithm and time domain estimation algorithm.Its frequency domain evaluation method has frequency domain phase difference
The estimation technique, common time domain evaluation method have Sinc function interpolations, DFT (discrete Fourier transform, Discrete Fourier
Transform) interpolation method, gravity model appoach, DFT interpolation+gravity model appoach etc..But the above TA evaluation methods are all only applicable to more sons and carry
The more situation of the resources such as wave situation the case where for list carrier wave, since efficient resource is few, is brought prodigious to TA estimations
Difficulty, and the TA estimated is inaccurate, to cannot keep uplink synchronous.
It therefore,, will if TA is not estimated or TA estimations are inaccurate during list Bearer traffic carries out
Lead to uplink loss.
Invention content
The present invention provide it is a kind of keep uplink synchronous method, base station and user equipment, to solve the prior art as
Lower problem：During list Bearer traffic carries out, if TA is not estimated or TA estimations are inaccurate, it may result in
Row step-out.
In order to solve the above technical problems, on the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of method keeping uplink synchronous, feature exists
In, including：The base station is surplus in the TAT (timer, Time Alignment Timer are assigned in timing) for detecting user equipment
When the remaining time reaches preset time threshold, base station to user equipment send PDCCH Order (Physical Downlink Control Channel instructs,
Downlink Control Channel Order)；The base station receives the user equipment and is returned according to the PDCCH Order
The targeting sequencing returned；TA is estimated in the base station according to the targeting sequencing, and the TA is sent to the user equipment, so that
The user equipment keeps uplink synchronous according to the TA.
Optionally, PDCCH Order are sent to the user equipment, including：Judge uplink BSR (Buffer Status Report,
Buffer Status Report) whether it is not whether empty or downlink there are data to be sent；Uplink BSR be not it is empty or under
Row have data it is to be sent in the case of, the base station is in user equipment DRX (discontinuous reception, the Discontinuous
Reception the extroversion user equipment of periods of inactivity) sends PDCCH Order.
Optionally, the preset time threshold=TAT total durations-(scheduling duration of the PDCCH Order+TA
Scheduling duration+targeting sequencing transmission duration).
Optionally, the method further includes：The base station is in the feelings for receiving the business datum from the user equipment
Under condition, the corresponding TAT of the user equipment is reset.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of holding uplink synchronisation methods, including：User equipment is received from base station
PDCCH Order, wherein the PDCCH Order are that the base station reaches pre- in the TAT remaining times for detecting user equipment
If being sent when time threshold；The user equipment sends targeting sequencing according to the PDCCH Order to base station；The user
Equipment receives the TA that the base station is returned according to the targeting sequencing, and resets the corresponding TAT of the user equipment；The user
Equipment is according to the TA to the base station transmission data.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of base stations, including：First sending module, for detecting user equipment
TAT remaining times when reaching preset time threshold, send PDCCH Order to user equipment；First receiving module, for connecing
Receive the targeting sequencing that the user equipment is returned according to the PDCCH Order；Estimation block, for according to the targeting sequencing
Estimate TA；Second sending module, for the TA to be sent to the user equipment, so that the user equipment is according to the TA
Keep uplink synchronous.
Optionally, first sending module includes：Judging unit, for judge uplink BSR whether not for it is empty or under
Whether row has data to be sent；Transmission unit, for uplink BSR be not empty or downlink have data it is to be sent in the case of,
The base station sends PDCCH Order in the extroversion user equipment of the periods of inactivity of the user equipment DRX.
Optionally, the preset time threshold of the judging unit determines as follows：The preset time threshold
(the transmission of scheduling duration+targeting sequencing of scheduling duration+TA of the PDCCH Order of value=TAT total durations-
Duration).
Optionally, further include：First resetting module, in the feelings for receiving the business datum from the user equipment
Under condition, the corresponding TAT of the user equipment is reset.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of user equipmenies, including：Second receiving module comes from base station for receiving
PDCCH Order, wherein the PDCCH Order be the base station reach in the TAT remaining times for detecting user equipment
It is sent when preset time threshold；Third sending module, for sending targeting sequencing to base station according to the PDCCH Order；
Second resetting module, the TA returned according to the targeting sequencing for receiving the base station, and reset the user equipment and correspond to
TAT, TAT total durations will be updated to the time；4th sending module, for according to the TA to the base station transmission data.
The present invention sends user equipment when the TAT remaining times for detecting user equipment reaching preset time threshold
PDCCH Order, in this manner it is possible to the targeting sequencing returned according to user is received, and TA is estimated according to targeting sequencing, with
Afterwards, so that it may to allow user equipment to realize uplink synchronous using the TA, during being somebody's turn to do, regardless of whether be list carrier wave, it can
TA is easily estimated using the above method, and then completes uplink synchronous, solves the problems, such as the as follows of the prior art：In list carrier wave
During business carries out, if TA is not estimated or TA estimations are inaccurate, uplink loss may result in.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart for the method that uplink synchronous is kept in first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart for the method that uplink synchronous is kept in second embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of base station in third embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the preferred structure schematic diagram of base station in third embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of user equipment in fourth embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of uplink synchronisation method in fifth embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the concept map at TAT overtime moment soon in fifth embodiment of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
In order to solve the problems, such as the as follows of the prior art：During list Bearer traffic carries out, if TA is not estimated
Go out or TA estimations are inaccurate, may result in uplink synchronous failure；The present invention provides a kind of method keeping uplink synchronous, bases
It stands and user equipment, below in conjunction with attached drawing and embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that herein
Described specific embodiment is only used to explain the present invention, does not limit the present invention.
First embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method keeping uplink synchronous, the flow of this method as shown in Figure 1,
Including step S102 to S106：
S102, base station are sent out when the TAT remaining times for detecting user equipment reaching preset time threshold to user equipment
Send PDCCH Order.PDCCH Order during this are equivalent to a kind of form of MSG0 specified in standard.
S104, base station receive the targeting sequencing that user equipment is returned according to PDCCH Order.Targeting sequencing during this
It is equivalent to a kind of form of MSG1 specified in standard.
S106, TA is estimated in base station according to targeting sequencing, and TA is sent to user equipment, so that user equipment is protected according to TA
Hold uplink synchronous.During realization, base station is to estimate TA according to targeting sequencing, and calculate TAC values, is then sent out by RAR
Give user equipment.The RAR of carrying TA during this is equivalent to a kind of form of MSG2 specified in standard.
The embodiment of the present invention sets user when the TAT remaining times for detecting user equipment reaching preset time threshold
Preparation send PDCCH Order, in this manner it is possible to the targeting sequencing returned according to user is received, and estimated according to targeting sequencing
TA, then, so that it may to allow user equipment to realize uplink synchronous using the TA, during being somebody's turn to do, regardless of whether being list carrier wave, all
The above method may be used and easily estimate TA, and then complete uplink synchronous, solve the problems, such as the as follows of the prior art：In list
During Bearer traffic carries out, if TA is not estimated or TA estimations are inaccurate, uplink loss may result in.
When sending PDCCH Order to user equipment, judge whether uplink BSR there are not data for empty or downlink
It is to be sent；Have data to be sent if uplink BSR is not empty or downlink, illustrate that business is still continuing at this time, base station with
The extroversion user equipment of the periods of inactivity of family equipment DRX sends PDCCH Order.
The embodiment of the present invention has used TAT, is had existed in the timer agreement, and agreement provides that the behavior of UE is：TAT
During operation, UE thinks it oneself is synchronous, and otherwise, UE thinks oneself step-out.Under step loss condition, if UE to sending out number again
According to must then initiate competition random access, UE can start when receiving TAC or restart timer.Therefore, the above process
Actually by random access can determine TA in the way of, allow user equipment in business random access again, and then determine
TA is avoided in TAT time-out, and user equipment enters desynchronizing state and can not further realize business.
Wherein, preset time threshold=TAT total durations-(scheduling duration of the scheduling duration+TA of PDCCH Order+leading
The transmission duration of sequence).
Base station is in the case where receiving the business datum from user equipment, since inside of base station can preserve and each use
The corresponding TAT of family equipment, therefore, in the case where receiving business datum, it was demonstrated that complete uplink synchronous success using TA, then reset
The corresponding TAT of user equipment in base station, will be updated to TAT total durations the time, which is to restart the process of timer.
Second embodiment of the invention provides a kind of holding uplink synchronisation method, and the flow of this method is as shown in Fig. 2, include
Step S202 to S208：
S202, user equipment receive the PDCCH Order from base station, wherein PDCCH Order are that base station is detecting
TAT remaining times of user equipment reach to be sent when preset time threshold；
S204, user equipment send targeting sequencing according to PDCCH Order to base station；
S206, user equipment receives the TA that base station is returned according to targeting sequencing, and resets the corresponding TAT of user equipment, with
It will be updated to TAT total durations the time；
S208, user equipment is according to TA to base station transmission data.
In the present embodiment, when the base station of opposite end reaches preset time threshold in the TAT remaining times for detecting user equipment
When, judge whether uplink BSR there are not data to be sent for empty or downlink；If uplink BSR, which is not empty or downlink, to be had
Data are to be sent, then illustrate that the business of user equipment at this time is still continuing, therefore, inactive week of the base station in user equipment DRX
The extroversion user equipment of phase sends PDCCH Order, and user equipment sends targeting sequencing according to PDCCH Order to base station, with
Just base station can estimate TA according to targeting sequencing；After the TA for receiving base station return, the TAT of user equipment side is reset, with
Afterwards, so that it may to use the TA to send business datum to base station.
Third embodiment of the invention provides a kind of base station, and structural representation is as shown in figure 3, include：
First sending module 10, when for reaching preset time threshold in the TAT remaining times for detecting user equipment, to
User equipment sends PDCCH Order；First receiving module 11 is coupled with the first sending module 10, for receiving user equipment
The targeting sequencing returned according to PDCCH Order；Estimation block 12 is coupled with the first receiving module 11, for according to leading sequence
Row estimation TA；Second sending module 13, couples with estimation block 12, for TA to be sent to user equipment, so that user equipment
Uplink synchronous is kept according to TA.
Above-mentioned first sending module 10 includes：Judging unit, for judge uplink BSR whether not for empty or downlink whether
There are data to be sent；Transmission unit, for uplink BSR be not empty or downlink have data it is to be sent in the case of, base station exists
The extroversion user equipment of the periods of inactivity of user equipment DRX sends PDCCH Order.Wherein, the preset time of judging unit
Threshold value determines as follows：(the scheduling of the scheduling duration+TA of PDCCH Order of preset time threshold=TAT total durations-
The transmission duration of duration+targeting sequencing).
Fig. 4 also shows the preferred structure schematic diagram of above-mentioned base station, further includes：First resetting module 14, sends with second
Module 13 couples, in the case where receiving the business datum from user equipment, resetting the corresponding TAT of user equipment,
TAT total durations will be updated to the time.
Fourth embodiment of the invention provides a kind of user equipment, and structural representation is as shown in figure 5, include：Second receives
Module 20, for receiving the PDCCH Order from base station, wherein PDCCH Order are that base station is detecting user equipment
TAT remaining times, which reach, to be sent when preset time threshold；Third sending module 21 is coupled with the second receiving module 20, is used for
According to PDCCH Order targeting sequencing is sent to base station；Second resetting module 22, couples with third sending module 21, for connecing
The TA that base station is returned according to targeting sequencing is received, and resets the corresponding TAT of user equipment, TAT total durations will be updated to the time；The
Four sending modules 23 are coupled with the second resetting module 22, for sending business datum to base station according to TA.
The user equipment of the present embodiment can be interacted with the base station in above-mentioned 3rd embodiment, during being somebody's turn to do, regardless of whether
For list carrier wave, can TA easily be estimated using the above method, and then user equipment is made to complete uplink synchronous.
Fifth embodiment of the invention is during business is kept, if it find that being single carrier case or can not estimate TA
Situation, then in TAT, overtime moment, base station send PDCCH Order to UE soon, force UE to initiate random access, use random access
TA ensure uplink synchronous, avoid uplink loss.The uplink synchronisation method of the present embodiment is as shown in fig. 6, in conjunction with Fig. 6 to this
System function of the keeping method of uplink synchronization in practical application scene carries out related description, the uplink synchronous side with interaction flow
Method includes：
Step 1：UE can start TAT timers after receiving base station TAC or MSG4 message, after random access is completed,
Base station side starts TAT timers.Wherein, MSG4 message connects for RRC (wireless heterogeneous networks, Radio Resource Contro)
It connects and establishes message.
Step 2：In business progress, when the TAT timers of base station side enter fast overtime moment, and base station uplink BSR
Not being empty or downlink has that data are pending, at this time, it may be necessary to which UE keeps synchronous regime to be used for carrying out data transmission, then base station is initiated
PDCCH Order (i.e. MSG0) force UE to initiate a random access.
Wherein, TAT soon the overtime moment concept as shown in fig. 7, TAT soon time-out duration=TAT- (MSG0 scheduling duration+
MSG2 dispatches duration+MSG1 and sends duration), and send PDCCH Order and need to avoid DRX periods of inactivity, formula principle
For：Its duration (On Duration) of DRX is repeated periodically with inactive (Inactive) time, and UE only needs
Proprietary PDCCH channels are monitored within the duration, and in periods of inactivity, UE keeps silent, to achieve the purpose that power saving.
UE is not listening to PDCCH channels during Inactive as above, so the TAT for issuing PDCCH Order is overtime soon
Moment needs to consider that the Inactive periods of DRX, the periods of inactivity for avoiding DRX issue PDCCH Order, and in order to ensure
TAC is received before UE step-outs, it is also desirable to consider the scheduling duration of MSG0 scheduling duration, MSG1 durations and MSG2.
Step 3：UE blind examinations in its space USS send targeting sequencing to the PDCCH Order to base station
(Preamble, i.e. MSG1).
Step 4：TA is estimated in base station according to targeting sequencing, calculates final TAC values, and by RAR, (random access is rung
Answer, Random Access Response) MAC PDU (media access control protocol data unit, Media Access
Control Protocol Data Unit) issue UE (i.e. MSG2).
Step 5：UE is inscribed in RAR time windows and receives the RAR sent base station, solves TAC fields therein and obtains TA values,
The TAT timers for restarting the sides UE, when sending MSG3 can in advance the TA times send.
Step 6：Base station receives the MSG3 that UE is sent, and after CRC check passes through, and resets the TAT timers of base station side.
UE can start TAT timers in TAC the MSG4 message for receiving base station；It is completed in random access in base station
Afterwards, TAT timers can also be started.When the TAT timer expiries of the sides UE, UE thinks that uplink is step-out, and otherwise UE thinks uplink
It is synchronous；When the TAT timer expiries of base station side, it is desynchronizing state that UE is thought currently in base station, when the Timer runtimes of base station
Between, it is synchronous that UE is thought currently in base station.
When certain UE enters TAT overtime moment soon, and not to be empty or downlink have that data are pending to UE uplinks BSR, then base
It stands to keep UE uplink synchronous, base station actively can issue PDCCH Order to UE, forces UE to re-initiate and once connect at random
Enter, the uplink synchronous of UE is kept using the TA in random access.
When UE receives the TAC of base station, UE can restart TAT timers；Base station resets TAT timers in two places, when
When receiving the TAC ACK of UE, second is that when MSG3CRC verifications pass through.
The long scheduling duration for considering MSG0 of the fast time-out of TAT, MSG2 dispatch duration, MSG1 durations and avoid in DRX
PDCCH Order are sent in periods of inactivity so that UE just receives TAC before step-out, avoids UE uplink loss.
Using method proposed by the present invention so that estimate when list carrier wave during base station will not be kept because of business
Calculation, which does not come out TA, to be led to frequent uplink loss and influences data transmission, and user experience is improved.
Although being example purpose, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is had been disclosed for, those skilled in the art will recognize
Various improvement, increase and substitution are also possible, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should be not limited to the above embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method keeping uplink synchronous, which is characterized in that including：
The base station detect user equipment timing assign timer TAT remaining times reach preset time threshold when, to
The user equipment sends Physical Downlink Control Channel instruction PDCCH Order；
The base station receives the targeting sequencing that the user equipment is returned according to the PDCCH Order；
The TA is sent to the user equipment by the base station according to the targeting sequencing evaluation time lead TA, with
The user equipment is set to keep uplink synchronous according to the TA.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that PDCCH Order are sent to the user equipment, including：
Judge whether uplink Buffer Status Report BSR there are not data to be sent for empty or downlink；
Uplink BSR be not empty or downlink have data it is to be sent in the case of, the base station is discontinuous in the user equipment
The extroversion user equipment for receiving the periods of inactivity of DRX sends the PDCCH Order.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that
The preset time threshold=TAT total durations-(the scheduling duration of scheduling duration+TA of the PDCCH Order+
The transmission duration of the targeting sequencing).
4. method as claimed any one in claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the method further includes：
It is corresponding to reset the user equipment in the case where receiving the business datum from the user equipment for the base station
TAT。
5. a kind of method keeping uplink synchronous, which is characterized in that including：
User equipment receives the Physical Downlink Control Channel instruction PDCCH Order from base station, wherein the PDCCH
Order is the base station when the timing for detecting user equipment assigns timer TAT remaining times to reach preset time threshold
It sends；
The user equipment sends targeting sequencing according to the PDCCH Order to base station；
The user equipment receives the Timing Advance TA that the base station is returned according to the targeting sequencing, and resets the user
The corresponding TAT of equipment；
The user equipment is according to the TA to the base station transmission data.
6. a kind of base station, which is characterized in that including：
First sending module, for assigning timer TAT remaining times to reach preset time in the timing for detecting user equipment
When threshold value, Physical Downlink Control Channel instruction PDCCH Order are sent to user equipment；
First receiving module, the targeting sequencing returned according to the PDCCH Order for receiving the user equipment；
Estimation block, for according to the targeting sequencing evaluation time lead TA；
Second sending module, for the TA to be sent to the user equipment, so that the user equipment is protected according to the TA
Hold uplink synchronous.
7. base station as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that first sending module includes：
Judging unit, for judging whether uplink Buffer Status Report BSR do not have data to be sent for empty or downlink；
Transmission unit, for uplink BSR be not empty or downlink have data it is to be sent in the case of, the base station is in the use
The extroversion user equipment of the periods of inactivity of family equipment discontinuous reception DRX sends PDCCH Order.
8. base station as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the preset time threshold of the judging unit is according to as follows
Mode determines：
The preset time threshold=TAT total durations-(the scheduling duration of scheduling duration+TA of the PDCCH Order+
The transmission duration of the targeting sequencing).
9. the base station as described in any one of claim 6 to 8, which is characterized in that further include：
First resetting module, in the case where receiving the business datum from the user equipment, resetting the user
The corresponding TAT of equipment.
10. a kind of user equipment, which is characterized in that including：
Second receiving module, for receiving the Physical Downlink Control Channel instruction PDCCH Order from base station, wherein described
PDCCH Order are that the base station assigns timer TAT remaining times to reach preset time in the timing for detecting user equipment
It is sent when threshold value；
Third sending module, for sending targeting sequencing to base station according to the PDCCH Order；
Second resetting module, the Timing Advance TA returned according to the targeting sequencing for receiving the base station, and reset institute
The corresponding TAT of user equipment is stated, TAT total durations will be updated to the time；
4th sending module, for according to the TA to the base station transmission data.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710007326.0A CN108282858A (en) | 2017-01-05 | 2017-01-05 | Keep uplink synchronisation method, base station and user equipment |
| PCT/CN2017/117482 WO2018126890A1 (en) | 2017-01-05 | 2017-12-20 | Method for maintaining uplink synchronization, base station, and user equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710007326.0A CN108282858A (en) | 2017-01-05 | 2017-01-05 | Keep uplink synchronisation method, base station and user equipment |
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| WO2021081897A1 (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for uplink synchronization |
| WO2023102928A1 (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2023-06-15 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Synchronization method and apparatus, and device and storage medium |
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| CN101772150B (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2012-07-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Communication method, user equipment and system |
| CN101841905B (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2012-12-26 | 电信科学技术研究院 | Method and base station for indicating restart of time alignment timer of terminal |
| CN110856242B (en) * | 2014-01-29 | 2023-07-25 | 交互数字专利控股公司 | Uplink transmission in wireless communications |
| US9565647B2 (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2017-02-07 | Nokia Technologies Oy | Method and apparatus for implementing a time-alignment guard timer |
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Application publication date: 20180713 |