CN108280271A - THE UPFC equivalent modeling method based on switch periods average principle - Google Patents
THE UPFC equivalent modeling method based on switch periods average principle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to power system modeling and analysis technical field, especially a kind of THE UPFC UPFC equivalent modeling methods based on switch periods average principle, including：It is made of static synchronous series compensator SSSC and static synchronous compensator STATCOM in parallel based on the THE UPFC UPFC models of modularization multi-level converter MMC, in conjunction with switch periods average equivalent principle, static synchronous compensator STATCOM exchange side is established respectively, DC side equivalent controlled source model, then synchronous series compensator SSSC exchange side is established respectively, DC side equivalent controlled source model, parallel equivalent capacitance on DC bus between synchronous series compensator SSSC and static synchronous compensator STATCOM, realize the side in parallel of UPFC, the joint Equivalent Modeling and simulation calculation of series side.The present invention can accurately reflect UPFC in subsynchronous oscillation of electrical power system, the dynamic characteristic of low-frequency oscillation, simplify UPFC models, accelerate calculating speed, and disclosure satisfy that the required precision of Power System Stability Analysis and control.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power system modeling and analysis technical field, especially a kind of system based on switch periods average principle
One flow controller equivalent modeling method.
Background technology
Unified Power Flow control based on modularization multi-level converter (modular multilevel converter, MMC)
Device (unified power flow controller, UPFC) processed has that harmonic characterisitic is good, be easy to modularized design, volume is tight
The advantages that device is directly connected is gathered and is not needed, is suitable for the field of power transmission of high-voltage large-capacity, power transmission capacity of pow can be improved,
Improve power system transient stability, Optimal Power Flow reduces via net loss, therefore is taken seriously.
The MMC-UPFC simulation models that foundation is suitable for different application needs are simulation analysis MMC-UPFC in electric system
The basis of middle application, accurate establish reflect that the electrical-magnetic model of practical submodule state and its interconnection is in large scale, emulation speed
Degree is extremely slow.If the first MMC engineerings in the world (Trans Bay Cable Project, TBC) rated capacity is 400MW, DC voltage
For ± 200kV, single bridge arm contains 216 submodules, and entire MMC devices share 12551 submodules, and foundation accurately reflects submodule
And its electrical-magnetic model of connection relation is in large scale, if simulation step length is 20us, when emulation a length of 5s, through emulation testing
And estimate that can obtain emulation every time needs 3000h (125d) or more, this will lead to adjusting and optimization and the follow-up study of control parameter
Work can not be carried out.
Therefore some researchers propose different simplified speed-raising modeling methods, have document to propose each height of MMC
The MMC simulation accelerating models being connected in series with using controlled current source after the discrete modeling of module, the model use multiple discrete submodules
Block can improve the simulation velocity of MMC to a certain extent, but when level number increases, due to still needing to establish discrete submodule
Detailed electrical-magnetic model, simulation velocity can still be limited.There is document to propose to solve often using self-defined Numerical Simulation Module
The dynamic characteristic of a submodule and the MMC quick electromagnetic transient emulation moulds for coordinating controlled voltage source to model bridge arm output voltage
Type, this simulation model can obtain the simulation result almost the same with detailed switch models, but this modeling method still compares
It is complicated.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes the THE UPFC Equivalent Modeling based on switch periods average principle
Method, including：
Step 1：In conjunction with switch periods average equivalent principle, establish respectively static synchronous compensator STATCOM exchange side,
The exchange side of DC-side equivalent model, static synchronous compensator STATCOM carries out equivalent, Static Synchronous with three-phase controlled voltage source
The DC side of compensator STATCOM is carried out equivalent with a controlled current source；
Step 2：In conjunction with switch periods average equivalent principle, the exchange side, straight of synchronous series compensator SSSC is established respectively
Flow side equivalent model, the exchange side equivalent model circuit of synchronous series compensator SSSC carried out with three-phase controlled voltage source it is equivalent,
The DC side controlled current source of synchronous series compensator SSSC is carried out equivalent with controlled current source；
Step 3：Establish synchronous series compensator SSSC and static synchronous compensator STATCOM DC side parallel equivalent capacitys
Circuit, the parallel equivalent capacitance on the DC bus between synchronizing series compensator SSSC and side STATCOM in parallel, establishes direct current
Side equivalent circuit realizes the side in parallel of UPFC, the associative simulation of series side calculates.
The step 2 specifically includes：
THE UPFC UPFC is by static synchronous series compensator SSSC and static synchronous compensator in parallel
STATCOM is constituted, and static synchronous series compensator SSSC, static synchronous compensator STATCOM are by MMC type transverter group
At per being mutually made of upper and lower two bridge arms in each three-phase MMC type transverter, each bridge arm is by the identical half-bridge of several structures
It is composed in series again with a reactor L after the series connection of submodule transverter,
Relationship in MMC between average voltage and average current of each half-bridge submodule in switch periods is：
Wherein, D indicates the duty ratio of half-bridge submodule power switch converter；Side ports are exchanged for half-bridge submodule
The average voltage of output；For the DC voltage of half-bridge submodule DC bus capacitor；Side ports are exchanged for half-bridge submodule
Average current；For the average current of half-bridge submodule DC bus capacitor.
Modularization multi-level converter MMC is using phase-shifting carrier wave sinusoidal pulse width modulation strategy to N number of son in each bridge arm
Module transverter carries out pulsewidth modulation, has for fundamental wave and low frequency component：
Wherein, u1.totalFor the exchange side phase voltage of modularization multi-level converter MMC outputs；N is each bridge arm neutron
The number of module transverter；For submodule transverter output switch periods average voltage,Step 2.2：It establishes
The exchange side equivalent model of static synchronous compensator STATCOM, the exchange side of static synchronous compensator STATCOM are controlled by three-phase
Voltage source is expressed as：
Wherein, vSTATCOM.fga、vSTATCOM.fgb、vSTATCOM.fgcRespectively static synchronous compensator STATCOM exchange side abc
Three equivalent controlled voltage source voltages；NstatcomFor the quantity for submodule of connecting on each bridge arm, vc.statcomFor submodule direct current
Capacitance voltage, Vdc.statcomFor static synchronous compensator STATCOM DC voltages；dTstatcom.a、dTstatcom.b、dTstatcom.c
The respectively equivalent transformation coefficient of abc three-phases,
The equivalent transformation coefficient of the abc three-phases of static synchronous compensator STATCOM is respectively：
Wherein, vstatcom.aref、vstatcom.bref、vstatcom.crefFor the abc three-phases of static synchronous compensator STATCOM
Reference voltage；KstatcomFor the alternating current-direct current equivalent coefficient of static synchronous compensator STATCOM,
Wherein, ua.statcomFor the exchange side phase voltage virtual value of static synchronous compensator STATCOM,
Step 2.3：Establish the DC-side equivalent model of static synchronous compensator STATCOM, static synchronous compensator
The DC side of STATCOM is equivalent to a controlled current source, which is：
iSTATCOM.fgg=dTstatcom.a·iSa1+dTstatcom.b·iSb1+dTstatcom.c·iSc1 (8)
Wherein, iSa1、iSb1、iSc1For the three-phase current of static synchronous compensator STATCOM exchange side.
The step 3 specifically includes：
Step 3.1:The exchange side equivalent model of synchronous series compensator SSSC is established,
Wherein, vSSSC.fga、vSSSC.fgb、vSSSC.fgcThree equivalent of exchange side of respectively synchronous series compensator SSSC by
Control voltage source voltage；NssscFor the quantity for submodule of connecting on the synchronous each bridge arms of series compensator SSSC；vc.ssscFor submodule
DC capacitor voltage；Vdc.ssscFor synchronous series compensator SSSC DC voltages；dTsssc.a、dTsssc.b、dTsssc.cRespectively
The equivalent transformation coefficient of abc three-phases is respectively：
Wherein, vsssc.aref、vsssc.bref、vsssc.crefWhat the respectively synchronous sides series compensator SSSC control section generated
Abc three-phase reference voltages；KssscIt is the alternating current-direct current equivalent coefficient of synchronous series compensator SSSC：
Wherein, ua.ssscTo synchronize series compensator SSSC exchange side phase voltage virtual values,
Step 3.2：The DC-side equivalent model of synchronous series compensator SSSC is established, synchronous series compensator SSSC's is straight
Stream side is equivalent to a controlled current source and is：
iSSSC.fgs=dTsssc.a×iSa2+dTsssc.b×iSb2+dTsssc.c×iSc2 (14)
Wherein, iSa2、iSb2、iSc2For synchronous series compensator SSSC exchange side three-phase currents.
The step 4 specifically includes：Using the period average principle of equal effects, in synchronous series compensator SSSC and side in parallel
Parallel equivalent capacitance C on DC bus between static synchronous compensator STATCOMdc, for simulating capacitance in each submodule
Dynamic process,
Direct current equivalent capacity CdcFor：
Wherein, NstatcomFor the submodule transverter number of static synchronous compensator STATCOM cascades；CstatcomIt is quiet
Only in synchronous compensator STATCOM concatenated submodule transverter direct current capacitance；NssscFor synchronous series compensator SSSC
In concatenated submodule transverter number；CssscFor the DC capacitor of the submodule transverter in synchronous series compensator SSSC
Value.
Advantageous effect
The present invention is directed to the specific requirements of UPFC stability analysis and control after accessing electric system, it is proposed that one kind is based on
Average period equivalent model THE UPFC series side static synchronous series compensator SSSC and side Static Synchronous in parallel
Compensator STATCOM combines equivalent modeling method, to static synchronous compensator STATCOM and static synchronous series compensator SSSC
In MMC type transverter carry out Equivalent Modeling, UPFC models can be greatly simplified, accelerate the calculating speed of model, and ensured
The required precision of Power System Stability Analysis and control.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is UPFC and accesses the electrical relation figure of power grid；
Fig. 2 is MMC-UPFC parallel connections side STATCOM and series side SSSC converter structure figures；
Fig. 3 is UPFC parallel connections side static synchronous compensator STATCOM control structure figures；
Fig. 4 is UPFC series side static synchronous compensator SSSC control structure figures；
Fig. 5 is MMC-STATCOM principle schematics；
Fig. 6 is half-bridge sub-modular structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is static synchronous compensator STATCOM Equivalent Modeling schematic diagrams；
Fig. 8 is static synchronous series compensator SSSC Equivalent Modeling schematic diagrams；
Fig. 9 is the DC-side equivalent model circuit diagram of static synchronous compensator STATCOM；
Figure 10 is the exchange side equivalent model circuit diagram of static synchronous compensator STATCOM；
Figure 11 is static synchronous series compensator SSSC period average equivalent model circuit diagrams；
Figure 12 is based on the active power transient state meter for establishing THE UPFC UPFC joint equivalent models under disturbance
Calculate result waveform.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it elaborates to embodiment.
THE UPFC equivalent modeling method based on switch periods average principle includes the following steps：
It is illustrated in fig. 1 shown below, THE UPFC UPFC includes two parts composition：Static synchronous series compensator SSSC and
Static synchronous compensator STATCOM in parallel.Static synchronous series compensator SSSC in THE UPFC UPFC passes through
An amplitude and the controllable alternating voltage of phase angle are injected on the transmission line, which is considered as the electricity synchronous with system fundamental frequency
Potential source, thus it is possible to vary the trend on circuit, to realize the major function of THE UPFC UPFC；Static synchronous compensator
The basic function of the MMC type transverter of STATCOM is that active power is provided or absorbed according to the demand on DC bus, it also may be used
To send out or absorbing reactive power, and circuit can be individually for, parallel reactive compensation is provided.
As shown in Fig. 2, static synchronous compensator STATCOM, static synchronous compensator in THE UPFC UPFC
The transverter of SSSC all uses MMC structures.The bridge arm of each MMC transverters is in series by multiple half-bridge submodule transverters,
There are many submodule transverter number of connecting, and simulation calculation speed can be caused to be greatly reduced.
The voltage dq axis control strategy of static synchronous compensator STATCOM in side in parallel is as shown in figure 3, dq axis reference voltages
For：
Wherein, uCa(t)、uCb(t)、uCc(t) it is respectively three-phase voltage at static synchronous compensator STATCOM busbares C,
It transforms to dq axis and obtains uCd(t)、uCq(t), d, q axis component are indicated respectively；iEa(t)、iEb(t)、iEc(t) it is respectively Static Synchronous
Compensator STATCOM flows into the three-phase current at busbar C, transforms to dq axis and obtains iEd(t)、iEq(t)；R be linked reactor and
The equivalence value of bridge arm total losses；
u1d(t) it is that the d axis that static synchronous compensator STATCOM is exported controls component of voltage, u1q(t) it is that Static Synchronous is mended
Repay the q axis control component of voltage of device STATCOM outputs；ω is synchronous rotary angular speed, the π of ω=2 f0, wherein f0=50Hz；LEFor
Total equivalent inductance of static synchronous compensator STATCOM generator terminals current-limiting reactor, step-down transformer ET,
By voltage differential equation expression formula discretization in side in parallel,WithIndicate next sampling instant and
Join side current reference value, is provided by DC capacitor voltage control module；The sampled value u at current timesd(k) and usq(k) be by
The amount that voltage measurement and Park Transformation obtain, the i at current timeEd(k) and iEq(k) it is to be obtained by current measurement and Park Transformation
The amount arrived.
The practical voltage and current value that measures is compared with reference value, subsequent time can be obtained using the adjusting of PI links
Voltage control quantityAndThe input control quantity of controlling unit is triggered as transverter so that transverter is defeated
Go out and is tracked always to constant current.
The voltage dq axis control strategy of synchronous series compensator SSSC control structure figures is as shown in figure 4, Static Synchronous compensates
The major function of the transverter of device SSSC is to seal in amplitude and phase angle one on transmission line of electricity under the voltage support of DC capacitor
Fixed active voltage is consistent with reference value to maintain the active and reactive power transmitted on transmission line of electricity.Synchronous series compensator
The direct-axis component and quadrature axis component reference value of SSSC exchange side output currentsAndExpression formula be：
Wherein, uBa、uBb、uBcThree-phase voltage at the respectively synchronous installation places series compensator SSSC busbar B, transforms to
It is u after dq axisBd、uBq；ia、ib、icThree-phase current at respectively synchronous series compensator SSSC busbares C, after transforming to dq axis
For id、iq；P*、Q*Reference active power, the reactive power respectively set.
The dq axis reference voltages of synchronous series compensator SSSC are：
Wherein, u2d(t) it is that the d axis that static synchronous series compensator SSSC is exported controls component of voltage；u2q(t) it is static
The q axis of synchronous series compensator SSSC outputs controls component of voltage；uBd(t) it is at static synchronous series compensator SSSC busbares B
Three-phase voltage transform to the component of voltage of d axis；uBq(t) it is the three-phase voltage at static synchronous series compensator SSSC busbares b
Transform to the component of voltage of q axis；id(t) it is that the three-phase current that static synchronous series compensator SSSC is flowed at busbar B transforms to d
The current component of axis；iq(t) three-phase current that static synchronous series compensator SSSC is flowed at busbar B transforms to the electric current of q axis
Component；
ω is synchronous rotary angular speed, the π of ω=2 f0, wherein f0=50Hz；LBFor static synchronous series compensator SSSC machines
Hold total equivalent inductance of current-limiting reactor, series coupled transformer BT.
Discretization is carried out to above formula, (k) indicates that current time, (k+1) indicate that subsequent time, the variable of subsequent time are
Reference value is exported, is made the active power measured on circuit and reactive power with value and power reference by the calculating of power outer shroud
Gained difference is obtained the current reference value under dq coordinate systems by difference by PI linksWithUsing electric current
It is poor that inner ring makees the electric current measured and current reference value, and the voltage reference value of series connection transverter is obtained by PI links
WithInput signal of the gained voltage reference value as series connection transverter trigger control module, to generate transverter
Pwm control signal, make series connection transverter exchange side output current follow current virtual value always.
1. establishing the equivalent model of UPFC parallel connections side static synchronous compensator STATCOM
The phase structure figure of static synchronous compensator STATCOM upper and lower two bridge arms as shown in figure 5, per being mutually made of, often
A bridge arm is by series with a reactor L again after the identical submodule SM series connection of several structures.For modularized design
With the purpose of manufacture, 6 bridge arms of three-phase have symmetry, parameter identical, ignore the ohmic leakage of capacitance, the damage of submodule SM
Consumption, linked reactor, access system transformer loss and static synchronous compensator STATCOM devices itself the sum of loss
It is indicated with R；Static synchronous compensator STATCOM exchange side three-phase voltages are respectively va.statcom、vb.statcom、vc.statcom, exchange
Side three-phase current is respectively iSa1、iSb1、iSc1；Vdc.statcomFor the DC voltage of static synchronous compensator STATCOM DC sides；
Idc.statcomFor DC side electric current；NstatcomFor the series connection number of submodule on each bridge arm；Vc.statcomFor submodule direct current
Hold voltage；L is linked reactor；uacFor the supply voltage of AC network.
Each submodule isoboles in bridge arm are as shown in fig. 6, transverter MMC obtains waveform product with lower switching frequency
The higher output voltage waveforms of matter, reduce transverter switching loss and filter capacity, improve the efficiency and warp of transverter
Ji property.
MMC is made of per circuitry phase several half-bridge submodules, if established detailed containing several half-bridge submodules
Bridge arm, the transverter model of block can cause the problem that modeling is complicated, simulation velocity is extremely slow, the present invention average using switch periods
The principle of equal effects establishes the transverter simplified model of static synchronous compensator STATCOM.
In switching inverter circuit, model, that is, switch periods average equivalent model of the average value in a switch periods
For：
Wherein, x (t) is certain state variable in transverter, TsFor a switch periods.To state variables such as voltage, electric currents
It carries out obtaining switch periods averaging operator when switch periods average calculating operationAverage value retains the low frequency point of the state variable
Amount ignores high frequency components and switching frequency harmonic component, becomes frequency component.
The mathematical model of half-bridge submodule is established using switch function, switch function is：
Wherein, k=a, b, c indicate each phase of a, b, c respectively；T1, T2 are half-bridge submodule switch unit in the block.
Period of state is averagely the average value of some physical quantity in a switch periods, i.e., is equivalent to state variable
Switch periods amount, specific method are the state equations that will be established in different time sections in a cycle, pass through the flat of a cycle
Equal state is replaced by the continuous state equation of solution amount.As shown in fig. 6, between average voltage, electric current in switch periods
Relationship is：
Wherein, D indicates the duty ratio of power switch converter；The average electricity of side ports output is exchanged for half-bridge submodule
Pressure；For the DC voltage of half-bridge submodule DC bus capacitor；The average current of side ports is exchanged for half-bridge submodule；For
The average current of half-bridge submodule DC bus capacitor.
MMC uses phase-shifting carrier wave sinusoidal pulse width modulation strategy (Carrier phase-shifted SPWM, CPS-SPWM)
N number of submodule in each bridge arm is used and carries out pulsewidth modulation compared with low switching frequency, triangular carrier is made to remove 2 π/N phases successively
Parallactic angle controls N number of submodule respectively, to determine that each submodule is input or excision.Have for fundamental wave and low frequency component：
Wherein, u1.totalFor the exchange side phase voltage of MMC outputs；N is the number of each bridge arm Neutron module；For son
The switch periods average voltage of module output,
It is obtained by formula (7), MMC output fundametal compoment voltages are N times of single voltage submodule average period, with modulating wave
It is identical.
Using switch periods average equivalent principle, the MMC changes of current of STATCOM are substituted using switch periods average equivalent circuit
Device, and ensure that direct current, exchange both sides electrical quantity are consistent near fundamental frequency and below.
1) the exchange side equivalent model of static synchronous compensator STATCOM
Static synchronous compensator STATCOM transverters equivalent circuit diagram as shown in fig. 7, the exchange side of STATCOM by three-phase
Controlled voltage source-representation：
Wherein, vSTATCOM.fga、vSTATCOM.fgb、vSTATCOM.fgcRespectively static synchronous compensator STATCOM exchange side abc
Three equivalent controlled voltage source voltages；NstatcomFor the quantity for submodule of connecting on each bridge arm, vc.statcomFor submodule direct current
Capacitance voltage, Vdc.statcomFor static synchronous compensator STATCOM DC voltages；dTstatcom.a、dTstatcom.b、dTstatcom.c
The respectively equivalent transformation coefficient of abc three-phases,
The equivalent transformation coefficient of the abc three-phases of static synchronous compensator STATCOM is respectively：
Wherein, vstatcom.aref、vstatcom.bref、vstatcom.crefFor tri- coherents of abc of static synchronous compensator STATCOM
Voltage is examined, from the dq axis reference voltages u in formula (1)1d、u1qIt is converted into abc phase coordinate systems；KstatcomIt is compensated for Static Synchronous
The alternating current-direct current equivalent coefficient of device STATCOM,
Wherein, ua.statcomFor the exchange side phase voltage virtual value of static synchronous compensator STATCOM,
2) DC-side equivalent model of static synchronous compensator STATCOM
In switch periods average value equivalent model, one controlled electricity of DC side of static synchronous compensator STATCOM
Stream source substitutes, and the controlled current source is related with exchange side three-phase current, and the formula of controlled current source is：
iSTATCOM.fgg=dTstatcom.a·iSa1+dTstatcom.b·iSb1+dTstatcom.c·iSc1 (13)
Wherein, iSa1、iSb1、iSc1For the three-phase current of static synchronous compensator STATCOM exchange side.
2. the equivalent model of static synchronous series compensator SSSC
MMC type static synchronous series compensator SSSC is the FACTS devices of tandem type, and principle assumption diagram is as shown in Figure 8.
Static synchronous series compensator SSSC is mainly by structures such as voltage source converter VSC, dc-link capacitance series coupled transformers
At.This novel series compensation device based on VSC can note the connect controllable electric vertical with line current of people one to circuit
Pressure comes simulaed inductance or capacitance, to change the operating parameter on circuit, reaches adjusting circuit transmission power and inhibits oscillation of power
Effect.
The Equivalent Modeling principle of the static synchronous series compensator SSSC of series side is similar with side STATCOM in parallel, still
It is so that Equivalent Modeling is carried out to the MMC inverter portions of static synchronous series compensator SSSC.In period average equivalent model
In, DC side controlled current source is still related with exchange side three-phase current, and coefficient can be calculated according to principle average period.Often
The switching device and diode of a bridge arm are integrally replaced with controlled voltage source, and similarly controlled voltage is also to be pressed with direct current
It closes.At this point, alternating current-direct current both sides electrical link can be replaced directly with controlled source, the equivalent electricity based on switch periods average value principle
Road is as shown in figure 9, the equivalent circuit can separate alternating current-direct current both sides.
1) the exchange side equivalent model of static synchronous series compensator SSSC
Three equivalent controlled voltage source voltages of the exchange side of static synchronous series compensator SSSC are：
Wherein, vSSSC.fga、vSSSC.fgb、vSSSC.fgcThree equivalent of exchange side of respectively synchronous series compensator SSSC by
Control voltage source voltage；NssscFor the quantity for submodule of connecting on the synchronous each bridge arms of series compensator SSSC；vc.ssscFor submodule
DC capacitor voltage；Vdc.ssscFor synchronous series compensator SSSC DC voltages；dTsssc.a、dTsssc.b、dTsssc.cRespectively
The equivalent transformation coefficient of abc three-phases is respectively：
Wherein, vsssc.aref、vsssc.bref、vsssc.crefWhat the respectively synchronous sides series compensator SSSC control section generated
Abc three-phase reference voltages, from the dq axis reference voltages u in formula (3)2d、u2qIt is converted into abc phase coordinate systems；KssscIt is synchronous
The alternating current-direct current equivalent coefficient of series compensator SSSC：
Wherein, ua.ssscTo synchronize series compensator SSSC exchange side phase voltage virtual values,
2) DC-side equivalent model of static synchronous series compensator SSSC
DC side controlled current source
iSSSC.fgs=dTsssc.a×iSa2+dTsssc.b×iSb2+dTsssc.c×iSc2 (19)
Wherein, iSa2、iSb2、iSc2For synchronous series compensator SSSC exchange side three-phase currents.
3. the DC side parallel equivalent capacity electricity of static synchronous series compensator SSSC and static synchronous compensator STATCOM
Road
The static synchronous series compensator SSSSC of UPFC series sides and the static synchronous compensator STATCOM of side in parallel are straight
It is in parallel to flow side, DC voltage is equal, i.e. Vdc.sssc=Vdc.statcom.Due to the static synchronous series compensator in UPFC series sides
SSSC and the dynamic process in the Equivalent Modeling of side STATCOM in parallel, having ignored DC capacitor in series connection submodule, directly use
Period average equivalent model linear analogue, so in UPFC series side static synchronous series compensator SSSC and side in parallel
Parallel equivalent capacitance C on DC bus between STATCOMdc, for simulating the dynamic process of capacitance in each submodule.
Direct current equivalent capacity Cdc：
Wherein, NstatcomFor the submodule transverter number of static synchronous compensator STATCOM cascades；CstatcomIt is quiet
Only in synchronous compensator STATCOM concatenated submodule transverter direct current capacitance；NssscFor synchronous series compensator SSSC
In concatenated submodule transverter number；CssscFor the DC capacitor of the submodule transverter in synchronous series compensator SSSC
Value.
STATCOM and SSSC DC side parallel capacitances is calculated according to above method, establishes DC side equivalent circuit
The associative simulation of the side in parallel, series side of realizing UPFC calculates.
Embodiment 1
In order to verify the correctness of the above UPFC equivalent models, established in PSCAD/EMTDC according to above method
The equivalent model of UPFC establishes equivalent model, the UPFC static synchronous series compensator of UPFC parallel connections side STATCOM respectively
The equivalent model of SSSC and the equivalent capacity C of DC sidedc, realize and the associative simulation of UPFC calculated.
The MMC-UPFC established includes two parts composition：Static synchronous series compensator SSSC and Static Synchronous in parallel
Compensator STATCOM.UPFC transverter total capacities are 3 × 250MVA, wherein 2 groups of transverter of series connection, capacity is 2 × 250MVA；
1 group of parallel inverter, capacity 250MVA, UPFC structure are as shown in Figure 1.
Every group of MMC transverter parameter：
a：Number of modules：Nstatcom=112+11 (redundancy)；
b：Module voltage：Ustatcom.c=1607V
c:Blocks current：Side in parallel：837A, series side：890A (virtual value)；
d：Module capacitance value：11000uF；
e：Bridge arm reactor：36mH；
f：DC rated voltage：±90kV.
1) equivalent model of static synchronous compensator STATCOM is established
Side in parallel is established on power system electromagnetic transient simulation program PSCAD/EMTDC software platforms based on principles above
STATCOM equivalent models, specifically as shown in figs. 9-10.
In Fig. 9-10, iSTATCOM.fggFor DC side controlled current source, vSTATCOM.fga、vSTATCOM.fgb、vSTATCOM.fgcFor exchange
Side three-phase controlled voltage source, the basic control system based on switch periods average equivalent principle and the original control systems of STATCOM
Identical, only more control circuits of controlled voltage source and controlled current source have lacked duty ratio generative circuit and gate pole triggering letter
Number generative circuit, remaining is essentially identical.The control circuit of newly-increased controlled voltage source and controlled current source is according to formula (8)-
(13) it is calculated.
2) equivalent model of static synchronous series compensator SSSC is established
Similarly, the equivalent model of the Static Synchronous Series compensation SSSC of series side is established, as shown in figure 11.
Basic control system based on the switch periods average value principle of equal effects is identical with the original control systems of SSSC, only more
The control circuit of controlled voltage source and controlled current source, has lacked duty ratio generative circuit and gate pole trigger signal generative circuit,
Remaining is essentially identical.The control circuit of newly-increased controlled voltage source and controlled current source can be calculated according to formula (14)-(19)
It obtains.
3) the equivalent electricity of DC side parallel of static synchronous series compensator SSSC, static synchronous compensator STATCOM are established
Capacitive circuit
The structure of the MMC transverters of static synchronous series compensator SSSC and static synchronous compensator STATCOM in parallel
As parameter, the series connection submodule number N of each transverterstatcom=112, each submodule capacitance is 11000uF, by public affairs
Parallel equivalent capacitance C can be calculated in formula (20)dc=196.4uF substitutes into computation model.
The static synchronous series compensator SSSC, in parallel static same of UPFC can be finally established in PSCAD/EMTDC
The joint equivalent model for walking compensator STATCOM is may be implemented on this model to the transient state mistake under various operating modes and disturbance
Journey emulates, as a result as shown in figure 12.
It compared the result of calculation of the UPFC established joint equivalent model and original switch model on PSCAD/EMTDC,
The result of calculation wavy curve of two models is almost the same.In the calculating of dominant frequency 3.33GHz, CPU model Intel Core i5
Duration is calculated based on UPFC joint equivalent models on machine and needs 30 seconds within 18 seconds, original switch model, which calculates, needs 40 minutes, meter
It calculates speed and improves 80 times, reached and substantially increased meter on the basis of guarantee meets transient stability analysis of power system requirement
Calculate the effect of speed.
This embodiment is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with scope of the claims
Subject to.
Claims (4)
1. the THE UPFC equivalent modeling method based on switch periods average principle, which is characterized in that including：
Step 1：In conjunction with switch periods average equivalent principle, exchange side, the direct current of static synchronous compensator STATCOM are established respectively
The exchange side of side equivalent model, static synchronous compensator STATCOM carries out equivalent, Static Synchronous compensation with three-phase controlled voltage source
The DC side of device STATCOM is carried out equivalent with a controlled current source；
Step 2：In conjunction with switch periods average equivalent principle, exchange side, the DC side of synchronous series compensator SSSC are established respectively
The exchange side equivalent model circuit of equivalent model, synchronization series compensator SSSC carries out equivalent, synchronization with three-phase controlled voltage source
The DC side controlled current source of series compensator SSSC is carried out equivalent with controlled current source；
Step 3：Establish synchronous series compensator SSSC and static synchronous compensator STATCOM DC side parallels equivalent capacity electricity
Road, the parallel equivalent capacitance on the DC bus between synchronizing series compensator SSSC and static synchronous compensator STATCOM are real
The side in parallel of existing THE UPFC UPFC, the associative simulation of series side calculate.
2. the THE UPFC equivalent modeling method according to claim 1 based on switch periods average principle,
It is characterized in that, the step 1 specifically includes：THE UPFC UPFC is by static synchronous series compensator SSSC and parallel connection
Static synchronous compensator STATCOM is constituted, static synchronous series compensator SSSC, static synchronous compensator STATCOM be all by
MMC type transverter forms, and per being mutually made of upper and lower two bridge arms in each three-phase MMC type transverter, each bridge arm is by several
It is composed in series again with a reactor L after the identical half-bridge submodule transverter series connection of structure,
Relationship in MMC between average voltage and average current of each half-bridge submodule in switch periods is：
Wherein, D is the duty ratio of half-bridge submodule power switch converter；The flat of side ports output is exchanged for half-bridge submodule
Equal voltage；For the DC voltage of half-bridge submodule DC bus capacitor；The average current of side ports is exchanged for half-bridge submodule；For the average current of half-bridge submodule DC bus capacitor,
Modularization multi-level converter MMC is using phase-shifting carrier wave sinusoidal pulse width modulation strategy to N number of submodule in each bridge arm
Transverter carries out pulsewidth modulation, has for fundamental wave and low frequency component：
Wherein, u1.totalFor the exchange side phase voltage of modularization multi-level converter MMC outputs；N is that each bridge arm Neutron module changes
Flow the number of device；For submodule transverter output switch periods average voltage,Step 2.2：It establishes static same
The exchange side equivalent model of compensator STATCOM is walked, the exchange side of static synchronous compensator STATCOM is by three-phase controlled voltage source
It is expressed as：
Wherein, vSTATCOM.fga、vSTATCOM.fgb、vSTATCOM.fgcRespectively static synchronous compensator STATCOM exchange side abc three-phases
Equivalent controlled voltage source voltage；NstatcomFor the quantity for submodule of connecting on each bridge arm；vc.statcomFor submodule DC capacitor
Voltage；Vdc.statcomFor static synchronous compensator STATCOM DC voltages；dTstatcom.a、dTstatcom.b、dTstatcom.cRespectively
For the equivalent transformation coefficient of abc three-phases,
The equivalent transformation coefficient of the abc three-phases of static synchronous compensator STATCOM is respectively：
Wherein, vstatcom.aref、vstatcom.bref、vstatcom.crefFor the abc three-phases reference electricity of static synchronous compensator STATCOM
Pressure；KstatcomFor the alternating current-direct current equivalent coefficient of static synchronous compensator STATCOM,
Wherein, ua.statcomFor the exchange side phase voltage virtual value of static synchronous compensator STATCOM,
Step 2.3：The DC-side equivalent model of static synchronous compensator STATCOM is established, static synchronous compensator STATCOM's
DC side is equivalent to a controlled current source, which is：
iSTATCOM.fgg=dTstatcom.a·iSa1+dTstatcom.b·iSb1+dTstatcom.c·iSc1 (8)
Wherein, iSa1、iSb1、iSc1For the three-phase current of static synchronous compensator STATCOM exchange side.
3. the THE UPFC equivalent modeling method according to claim 1 based on switch periods average principle,
It is characterized in that, the step 3 specifically includes：
Step 3.1:The exchange side equivalent model of synchronous series compensator SSSC is established,
Wherein, vSSSC.fga、vSSSC.fgb、vSSSC.fgcThe controlled electricity of three equivalent of exchange side of respectively synchronous series compensator SSSC
Potential source voltage；NssscFor the quantity for submodule of connecting on the synchronous each bridge arms of series compensator SSSC；vc.ssscFor submodule direct current
Capacitance voltage；Vdc.ssscFor synchronous series compensator SSSC DC voltages；dTsssc.a、dTsssc.b、dTsssc.cRespectively abc tri-
The equivalent transformation coefficient of phase is respectively：
Wherein, vsssc.aref、vsssc.bref、vsssc.crefThe abc tri- that the respectively synchronous sides series compensator SSSC control section generates
Phase reference voltage；KssscIt is the alternating current-direct current equivalent coefficient of synchronous series compensator SSSC：
Wherein, ua.ssscTo synchronize series compensator SSSC exchange side phase voltage virtual values,
Step 3.2：Establish the DC-side equivalent model of synchronous series compensator SSSC, the DC side of synchronous series compensator SSSC
Being equivalent to a controlled current source is：
iSSSC.fgs=dTsssc.a×iSa2+dTsssc.b×iSb2+dTsssc.c×iSc2 (14)
Wherein, iSa2、iSb2、iSc2Respectively synchronous series compensator SSSC exchange side three-phase currents.
4. the THE UPFC equivalent modeling method according to claim 1 based on switch periods average principle,
It is characterized in that, the step 4 specifically includes：Using the period average principle of equal effects, synchronous series compensator SSSC with it is in parallel
Parallel equivalent capacitance C on DC bus between the static synchronous compensator STATCOM of sidedc, for simulating capacitance in each submodule
Dynamic process,
Direct current equivalent capacity CdcFor：
Wherein, NstatcomFor the submodule transverter number of static synchronous compensator STATCOM cascades；CstatcomIt is static same
Walk the direct current capacitance of concatenated submodule transverter in compensator STATCOM；NssscTo be gone here and there in synchronous series compensator SSSC
The submodule transverter number of connection；CssscFor the direct current capacitance of the submodule transverter in synchronous series compensator SSSC.
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