CN108277360B - Method for treating gold-containing tailings by Fenton-ultrasonic wave combination - Google Patents
Method for treating gold-containing tailings by Fenton-ultrasonic wave combination Download PDFInfo
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- CN108277360B CN108277360B CN201810276539.8A CN201810276539A CN108277360B CN 108277360 B CN108277360 B CN 108277360B CN 201810276539 A CN201810276539 A CN 201810276539A CN 108277360 B CN108277360 B CN 108277360B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention provides a method for treating gold-containing tailings by Fenton-ultrasonic wave combination, and belongs to the field of nonferrous noble metal recycling. The method comprises the following steps: grinding gold-containing tailings, sieving, adding a certain amount of Fenton reagent with a certain proportion, reacting in a shaking table for a period of time, and performing ultrasonic activation leaching, wherein the ultrasonic time, power and Fenton reagent adding proportion are different according to the different grades of gold in the gold-containing tailings. The method can realize the gold grade of more than 2g/t and the leaching rate of 65-90 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to treatment of silicon-coated gold tailings, in particular to a method for treating gold-containing tailings by Fenton-ultrasonic wave combination.
Background
Gold has been widely used in modern high and new technology industries such as electronics, communications, aerospace, chemical engineering, medical treatment, etc. due to its excellent properties. With the increasing demand of human beings for gold, the gold ore resources easy to be collected on the earth are smaller and smaller, and the efficient recycling of gold from gold-containing tailings is also important. However, gold in tailings is often coated with gangue minerals of the same fine particles in the form of fine particles, so that the gold is difficult to be efficiently recovered by a conventional treatment process of easy-to-collect minerals, and serious pollution and waste are caused.
To date, common methods for recycling tailings include a gravity separation method, a mercury mixing method, a cyanidation method, a flotation method, a sulfur vein method, a sniffing method and the like. The methods are utilized in different historical periods and different mine enterprises, play a certain role, and also promote development of gold exploitation.
With the progress of science and technology and the development of society, people have increasingly stringent requirements on the environment, and the contradiction between resource shortage and environmental deterioration is increasingly prominent. The leaching rate of the fine gold minerals wrapped by gangue by the dead weight method is very low, the leaching time is very long, and the tailings which are not completely recovered can be discarded in the form of solid wastes, so that not only is the resource wasted, but also the environment is seriously polluted. The mercury mixing method and the cyanidation method are stopped in succession due to the strong environmental pollution. The sulfur vein method and the desertification method are harmless to the environment, are limited by the type of ore, are only suitable for the roasted oxidized ore, and are not widely applied to gold extraction. The suitability of flotation and gravity is also limited to limited ore types. The magnetic fluid is selected without environmental pollution, but is only limited to the selection of placer gold, and replaces mercury mixing operation, and because the magnetic fluid is only limited to the selection of placer gold, the treatment capacity is too small, the cost is higher, and the magnetic fluid is only tried in individual mines.
The literature on experimental study of ultrasonic wave on the re-selection of fine tailings in the molybdenum separation process of a flotation column provides that hydroxide on the surface of minerals is removed through ultrasonic crushing operation treatment, so that the flotation rate of the minerals can be accelerated, the adsorption capacity of chemicals can be enhanced, but only ultrasonic waves are used for pretreatment, the working procedure of pretreatment of tailings gold is increased, the ultrasonic waves are not directly used for leaching of the tailings gold, the traditional chemicals are still used for flotation, the leaching time is long, and secondary pollution is generated to the environment. The document Precious metal recovery from waste printed circuit boards using cyanide and non-cyanide lixiviants proposes that adding a certain amount of thiourea is beneficial to gold leaching, and the sulfur vein method gold leaching tool has the advantages of no toxicity, high leaching rate and high leaching speed, but the sulfur vein is unstable and reacts with metal ions such as copper and the like, so that the consumption in the leaching process is large, and the production cost is increased, so the method is not popularized and used in actual production until now.
How to strengthen the gold leaching process, improve the leaching rate and shorten the leaching time, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing equipment investment, saving the running cost of the process and reducing the secondary pollution of industry, and becoming a great difficulty in the current gold-containing tailing treatment. Therefore, a brand new tailing treatment method is urgently needed for carrying out efficient pollution-free recovery on metals.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the existing gold-containing tailing treatment method, the invention provides a novel method for treating gold-containing tailings by Fenton-ultrasonic combination, which ensures higher tailing gold leaching rate, meets lower equipment investment requirements, is economical and environment-friendly.
The technical scheme of the invention is implemented as follows:
a method for treating gold-containing tailings by Fenton-ultrasonic wave combination, which comprises the following steps:
step one: sieving
Screening the ground gold-containing tailings by a 60-100 mesh screen;
step two: mixed with Fenton reagent for reaction
Uniformly mixing the screened gold-containing tailings with Fenton reagent, wherein the ratio of the ore liquor of the gold-containing tailings to the Fenton reagent is 1kg (3-8) L, and fully reacting to obtain gold-containing tailings pulp; the Fenton reagent is prepared from a ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution and a hydrogen peroxide solution;
step three: ultrasonic treatment
Activating the reacted gold-containing tailing pulp by ultrasonic, wherein the ultrasonic power is 180-500W, and the ultrasonic time is 15 min-2 h; and collecting the noble liquid after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, adding acid to adjust the pH value of the noble liquid to be 1-3 so as to ensure the stability of the noble liquid, and collecting the noble liquid for subsequent treatment.
Preferably, the acid is dilute nitric acid with a mass concentration of 10%.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution is 18-28%, and the addition amount is (1.5-3.5) L/kg of tailings.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 20% -40%, and the addition amount of the hydrogen peroxide solution is (5.9-7.9L)/kg of tailings.
Preferably, the ultrasonic power is 350W-600W, and the ultrasonic leaching time is 15 min-75 min.
And step two, the method also comprises the step of adding a ventilation or heat recovery facility to ventilate the surrounding environment.
Preferably, the pH is adjusted to 1 to 3.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the Fenton-ultrasonic combined technology is introduced into the gold-containing tailing treatment process, and Fenton-ultrasonic combined gold leaching is utilized from the gold-containing tailings, wherein the adopted medicines are as follows: fenton reagent is used as a primary leaching agent, and ultrasonic waves are used as an activating leaching agent; introducing Fenton reagent which is commonly used for treating organic matters, and carrying out primary gold leaching by using a Fenton system with the proportion in the second step. And (3) activating the gold-containing tailing ore pulp by using ultrasonic treatment conditions in the third step, and performing secondary leaching to ensure higher leaching rate. The Fenton reagent has the advantages of mild use condition, simple equipment, convenient and economical preparation and the like, in addition, the reaction time can be shortened and the leaching effect can be enhanced by using ultrasonic waves, and the method combines the Fenton reagent and the ultrasonic wave activation to treat the gold-containing tailings, so that the advantages of the Fenton reagent and the gold-containing tailings can be ingeniously and strongly overlapped, and the treatment process is nontoxic, free of secondary industrial pollution, high in recovery efficiency, short in leaching time, low in reagent cost, low in equipment investment and the like. The product treated by Fenton reagent is water and ferric iron which can be recycled, and ultrasonic treatment only activates ore pulp to a certain extent, so that secondary industrial pollution is not caused. Therefore, the combination of the two meets the current environment-friendly and efficient process requirements of tailing treatment. The method aims to leach gold element in the gold-containing tailings in a short time, avoid pollution to the environment caused by the conventional treatment method, and reduce the requirements of the conventional treatment method on conditions such as instruments, containers and the like. The method can realize the gold grade of more than 2g/t and the leaching rate of 65-90 percent.
Furthermore, the leaching time of the traditional treatment process is 2-72 h, and the treatment is carried out by using the method with the ultrasonic power of about 500W, only 15-75 min is needed, and the method has great advantages in time compared with the prior treatment of gold-containing tailings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a technical roadmap of the invention.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The following detailed description is made in connection with technical roadmaps and embodiments of the invention:
example 1
Taking a plurality of ground gold-containing tailings of Shaanxi province, screening by a 80-mesh sieve, weighing 4 g, putting into a reaction container, and adding the prepared Fenton reagent (the mass concentration of the ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution is 25% and the addition amount is 2.5L/kg) Tailings The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 35 percent, and the adding amount is 6.5L/kg Tailings ) Pouring the mixture into a reaction container according to the ratio of 1kg to 7.8L of mineral liquid, continuously stirring the mixture to fully react the mixture, then placing the mixture into ultrasonic equipment, performing ultrasonic leaching for about 30 minutes at the power of 500W, collecting a noble liquid, adding 10% of dilute nitric acid into the noble liquid to adjust the pH value of the noble liquid, and ensuring that the leaching rate of gold tailings can reach 84%. And (3) collecting 10% dilute nitric acid of the pregnant solution, regulating the pH value of the pregnant solution to 1.0-2.5, and carrying out subsequent treatment.
Example 2
Grinding a plurality of high-silicon gold-containing tailings, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, weighing 30g, placing into a reaction container, and adding the prepared Fenton reagent (the mass concentration of the ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution is 25% and the addition amount is 2.2L/kg) Tailings The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 35 percent, and the adding amount is 5.8L/kg Tailings ) Pouring 1kg of ore liquid into a reaction vessel according to 8L of ore liquid ratio, and continuously stirring to fully react. And then placing the reacted ore pulp into ultrasonic equipment, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 0.6h at the power of 360W, collecting the noble liquid, adding 10% of dilute nitric acid to adjust the pH value of the noble liquid to 1.5-2.5, and adding a trace amount of dilute nitric acid to ensure the stability of the noble liquid, wherein the leaching rate is up to 87%.
Example 3
Grinding a plurality of high-silicon gold-containing tailings of Shaanxi, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, weighing 40g, and placing into a reaction container. The prepared Fenton reagent is that the mass concentration of the ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution is 25 percent, and the adding amount is 3.5L/kg Tailings The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 30 percent, and the adding amount is 7.1L/kg Tailings . Pouring the mixture into a reaction vessel according to the ratio of 1kg to 7.8L of ore liquid, and continuously stirring the mixture to fully react the mixture. SubsequentlyAdding 900mg of thiourea, stirring uniformly, placing the ore pulp into ultrasonic equipment, performing ultrasonic treatment for 0.5h at 400W power, collecting a noble liquid, adding 10% of dilute nitric acid, and adjusting the pH of the noble liquid to 1.0-2.0, wherein the leaching rate is as high as 90%.
Example 4
Taking a plurality of ground gold-containing tailings, screening by a 80-mesh screen, weighing 6g of the screened tailings, putting the tailings into a reaction container, and preparing Fenton reagent (the mass concentration of the ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution is 25% and the addition amount is 2.6L/kg) according to the mineral liquid ratio of 1kg to 4.9L Tailings The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 35 percent, and the adding amount is 6.0L/kg Tailings ) Sequentially pouring the mixed solution into a reaction container, stirring the mixed solution to fully react, then placing the mixed solution into ultrasonic equipment to perform ultrasonic activation leaching, wherein the ultrasonic power is 350W, the time is 20min, collecting the noble liquid, adding 10% of dilute nitric acid, and adjusting the pH of the noble liquid to 1.0-2.5 for subsequent treatment. The leaching rate can reach 65%, and the tailing residues are collected for subsequent resource utilization.
Example 5
Taking a plurality of high-silicon gold-containing tailings in a certain mining area of Shaanxi, grinding, screening by a 80-mesh sieve, weighing about 30g, and placing into a reaction container. The formulated Fenton reagent: the mass concentration of the ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution is 20 percent, and the adding amount is 3.5L/kg Tailings The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 35 percent, and the adding amount is 5.7L/kg Tailings . Pouring the mixture into a reaction vessel according to the ratio of 1kg of ore liquid to 7.9L, and continuously stirring the mixture to fully react the mixture. Then adding 800mg of thiourea, uniformly stirring, placing the ore pulp into ultrasonic equipment, performing ultrasonic treatment for 0.6h with 550W power, collecting the noble liquid, adding 10% of dilute nitric acid, and adjusting the pH value of the noble liquid to 1.0-2.5, wherein the leaching rate is as high as 85%.
Example 6
Grinding a plurality of high-silicon gold-containing tailings, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, weighing 35g, and placing into a reaction container. The prepared Fenton reagent (the mass concentration of the ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution is 20 percent, and the adding amount is 3.5L/kg) Tailings The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 30 percent, and the adding amount is 6.1L/kg Tailings ) Pouring the mixture into a reaction vessel according to the ratio of 1kg to 7.0L of ore liquid, and continuously stirring the mixture to fully react the mixture. Then add700mg of ore pulp after being evenly stirred is put into ultrasonic equipment, ultrasonic is carried out for 0.6h with 400W power, the noble liquid is collected, 10% of dilute nitric acid is added to adjust the pH value of the noble liquid to 1.0-2.5, and the leaching rate is as high as 86%.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments shown, but any equivalent modifications of the technical solution according to the invention will be covered by the claims of the invention by a person skilled in the art from reading the present specification.
Claims (2)
1. The method for treating gold-containing tailings by Fenton-ultrasonic wave combination is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: sieving
Screening the ground gold-containing tailings by a 60-100 mesh screen;
step two: mixed with Fenton reagent for reaction
Uniformly mixing the screened gold-containing tailings with Fenton reagent, wherein the ratio of the ore liquor of the gold-containing tailings to the Fenton reagent is 1kg (3-8) L, and fully reacting to obtain gold-containing tailings pulp; the Fenton reagent is prepared from a ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution and a hydrogen peroxide solution; the mass concentration of the ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution is 18-28%, and the addition amount is (1.5-3.5) L/kg of tailings; the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 20-40%, and the addition amount of the hydrogen peroxide solution is (5.9-7.9L)/kg of tailings;
step three: ultrasonic treatment
Carrying out ultrasonic activation treatment on the reacted gold-containing tailing pulp; collecting the noble liquid after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, adding acid to adjust the pH value of the noble liquid to be 1-3, and collecting the noble liquid for subsequent treatment;
the ultrasonic power is 350W-500W, and the ultrasonic leaching time is 15 min-75 min;
the leaching rate of the method is 65-90 percent;
the acid is dilute nitric acid with the mass concentration of 10%.
2. The method for treating gold-containing tailings by Fenton-ultrasonic wave combination according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and step two, the method also comprises the step of adding a ventilation or heat recovery facility to ventilate the surrounding environment.
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| CN102031391A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-04-27 | 宾丽萍 | Method for extracting gold from gold mine tailings |
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| CN1068600A (en) * | 1991-07-11 | 1993-02-03 | 上海贵稀金属提炼厂 | The novel gold dissolving liquid of gold coated article and molten golden method |
| US20070119277A1 (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-05-31 | Russell Technologies, Llc | Methods for processing crushed solids with a liquid within a vessel |
| CN104789789B (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2017-09-22 | 中国石油大学(北京) | The processing method of the slag containing cyanogen during a kind of gold smelting |
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| CN101748285A (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-06-23 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Refined gold ore cyaniding and leaching process |
| CN102031391A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-04-27 | 宾丽萍 | Method for extracting gold from gold mine tailings |
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