CN108276001A - A kind of super abrasive Talide discharge plasma sintering method - Google Patents
A kind of super abrasive Talide discharge plasma sintering method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of super abrasive Talide discharge plasma sintering methods; it is raw material with the nanometer WC powder by vacuum or the soap-free emulsion polymeization phase of inert gas shielding; be added purity be 99.9%, the Co powder that granularity is 20 30nm, be added purity be 99.9%, the CaC2 powder that granularity is 40 50nm.It is put into the graphite jig of high intensity and is compacted, be placed between the upper/lower electrode of SPS discharge plasma sintering devices.Vacuumizing makes vacuum degree reach 6Pa, heats up after uniaxial tension is added to 50MPa in the tolerance range of graphite jig, keeps the temperature 5 minutes up to soap-free emulsion polymeization phase nano tungsten carbide hard alloy.The preparation method of the present invention, using SPS technology cemented tungsten carbide materials, 1% content when the addition of Co is kept closer to low Co sintering, and CaC2 is added in sintering aid, to overcome the increase with Co contents, the shortcomings that hardness of WC is gradually reduced, and Co contents are higher than 1%, while toughness advantage when ensureing to have a cobalt sintering.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cemented carbide powder sintering arts, are related to a kind of sintering process of tungsten carbide, and in particular to a kind of
Super abrasive Talide discharge plasma sintering method.
Background technology
Tungsten carbide belongs to high hard ceramic material, and hard and crisp, other than making grinding-material, tungsten carbide seldom directly uses.Due to
Tungsten carbide hardness is only second to diamond, ceramics, jewel and cubic boron nitride and has good wearability, to be a kind of be tool and
The important hard material that wearability is provided by the device or component of forceful action, can be with tenfold or tens times or even hundreds of times
Improve the wearability of component in ground.WC-Co series hard metals have increasingly obtained the attention of people.Co is commonly used as in sintering process
Binder Phase, the increase of content can generate the mechanical properties such as the hardness, fracture toughness, wearability of WC-Co series hard metals
It is certain to influence.Usually when Co contents are less than 1wt%, due to the deficiency of Co contents, the generated liquid phase number in sintering process
Amount is few more many than conventional WC-Co series hard metals, and WC particle is more difficult by liquid phase complete wetting, to make alloy be densified
Journey is more difficult;Simultaneously as the sintering temperature of soap-free emulsion polymeization phase WC-Co series hard metals is high, it is easy in sintering process
The abnormal growth phenomenon of crystal grain is formed, therefore it is always a great problem to Talide sintering to control Co contents.
The sintering of SPS discharge plasmas can be applied to sintered metal materials, pottery as a kind of completely new material sintering technology
The materials such as ceramic material, functionally gradient material (FGM), composite material, marmem and nanocrystal block of material, while can be applied to material
Connection processing.Its sintering time is short, cooling fast, therefore sintering finished crystal grain is very thin, and consistency is very high.Its sintering process is
Pulse current is applied to the powder in graphite jig, by giving prodigious axial compressive force, through cremate process, the thermoplastic deformation of discharging
After process and vacuum protection air cooling, a kind of brand new technical of high performance material is prepared.Gas pressure sintering different from the past
And hot pressing and sintering technique, discharge plasma sintering speed is fast, temperature is high, while can apply prodigious axial compressive force, so as to
In preparing refractory carbide, the quick and complete densification of hard alloy is realized.Hard alloy has made of technology sintering
The features such as uniform texture, compactness are good, comprehensive mechanical property is excellent.
Calcium carbide (CaC2) belongs to ionic carbide, crystal form category tetragonal crystal system, CaC2 crystal [:C≡C:] 2- from
In son, C-C distances are 120pm, are equivalent to the bond distance of carbon-carbon triple bond, so itself is relatively stablized.Calcium carbide is commonly called as calcium carbide, it
Characteristic is can be conductive, and purity is higher, conductive easier, can increase the electric conductivity of powder in SPS sintering, change agglutinating property
Energy.
It finds by prior art documents, the Chinese patent of Publication No. CN101338382A discloses a kind of high
The deficiency of the preparation method of intensity hard alloy, this method is that Co contents have reached 6~16%, is sintered considerably beyond low Co
It is required that 1%, due to the increase of Co contents, the hardness of WC is gradually reduced, only 80-92.5HRA.
Invention content
In order to solve the problems in the existing technology, a kind of super abrasive Talide electric discharge of present invention offer etc.
Gas ions sintering method solves the problem of that the hardness of the increase WC with Co contents in the prior art is gradually reduced.
The technical scheme is that:A kind of super abrasive Talide discharge plasma sintering method, including
Following steps:
(1) dispensing:It is raw material with the nanometer WC powder by vacuum or the soap-free emulsion polymeization phase of inert gas shielding, purity is
99.9%, granularity be 20-30nm Co powder, be added purity be 99.9%, the CaC2 powder that granularity is 40-50nm, be packed into ball mill,
Alcohol grinding is added, dries, sieving;
(2) it fires:Powder after above-mentioned drying is put into the graphite jig of high intensity and is compacted, be placed in SPS electric discharge etc. from
Between the upper/lower electrode of sub- sintering equipment;It vacuumizes, is risen after uniaxial tension is added to 50MPa in the tolerance range of graphite jig
Temperature is first warming up to 800 DEG C with the rate of 400 DEG C/min, then is warming up to 1400 DEG C with the rate of 300 DEG C/min, finally with 100
DEG C/rate of min is warming up to 1500-1700 DEG C, heat preservation 5 minutes is up to soap-free emulsion polymeization phase nano tungsten carbide hard alloy;
(3) it clears up:Polishing cleaning is carried out to the product after coming out of the stove, surface carbon paper slag is removed, obtains finished product.
Step (1) wc grain size is 20nm.
Step (1) the Co powder additions are WC powder 1-2w%.
Step (1) the CaC2 powder additions are WC powder 1-2w%.
The step (2), which vacuumizes, makes vacuum degree reach 6Pa.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:A kind of preparation method of the cemented carbide material of superior performance provided by the invention,
Using SPS technology cemented tungsten carbide materials, 1% content when the addition of Co is kept closer to low Co sintering, and
CaC2 is added in sintering aid, to overcome the increase with Co contents, the shortcomings that hardness of WC is gradually reduced, and Co contents
Toughness advantage higher than 1%, while when ensureing to have a cobalt sintering.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention be easy to understand, tie below
The embodiment of the present invention is closed to elaborate:The present embodiment is being implemented down based on the technical solution of the present invention, gives
Detailed embodiment and process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
(1) dispensing:Preparation CaC2 contents are 2w%, and Co contents are the WC powder of 1w%.By 48.5g nanometer WC powders,
1.00gCaC2 the Co powder with 0.50g is packed into ball mill, suitable alcohols are added, setting rotating speed is 600rad/min, is taken after 48 hours
Go out slurry and be put into baking oven, 90 DEG C are dried 24 hours, and net is sieved with 100 mesh sieve.
(2) it fires:Powder after above-mentioned drying is taken be put into right amount it is interior through in the graphite jig of 20mm be compacted after, together with mould
Tool is placed in together between the upper/lower electrode of SPS devices, is powered after extraction vacuum and is first warming up to 800 DEG C with the rate of 400 DEG C/min,
1400 DEG C are warming up to the rate of 300 DEG C/min again, 1700 DEG C of sintering temperature, axis are finally warming up to the rate of 100 DEG C/min
5 minutes are kept the temperature after to pressure 50MPa, takes out sample after power-off is cooling.
(3) it clears up:Polishing cleaning is carried out to the product after coming out of the stove, surface carbon paper slag is removed, obtains finished product.
After measured, the relative density of the sample is 99.28%, and hardness is about 107.5HRA, and fracture toughness is about
9.68MPa·m1/2。
Embodiment 2:
(1) dispensing:Preparation CaC2 contents are 1.5w%, and Co contents are the WC powder of 1.5w%.By 48.50g nanometer WC powders,
The Co powder of 0.75gCaC2 and 0.75g is packed into ball mill, and suitable alcohols are added, and setting rotating speed is 600rad/min, is taken after 48 hours
Go out slurry and be put into baking oven, 90 DEG C are dried 24 hours, and net is sieved with 100 mesh sieve.
(2) it fires:Powder after above-mentioned drying is taken be put into right amount it is interior through in the graphite jig of 20mm be compacted after, together with mould
Tool is placed in together between the upper/lower electrode of SPS devices, is powered after extraction vacuum and is first warming up to 800 DEG C with the rate of 400 DEG C/min,
1400 DEG C are warming up to the rate of 300 DEG C/min again, 1600 DEG C of sintering temperature, axis are finally warming up to the rate of 100 DEG C/min
5 minutes are kept the temperature after to pressure 50MPa, takes out sample after power-off is cooling.
(3) it clears up:Polishing cleaning is carried out to the product after coming out of the stove, surface carbon paper slag is removed, obtains finished product.
After measured, the relative density of the sample is 99.02%, and hardness is about 102.7HRA, and fracture toughness is about
10.17MPa·m1/2。
Embodiment 3:
(1) dispensing:Preparation CaC2 contents are 1w%, and Co contents are the WC powder of 2w%.By 48.50g nanometer WC powders,
The Co powder of 0.50gCaC2 and 1.00g is packed into ball mill, and suitable alcohols are added, and setting rotating speed is 600rad/min, is taken after 48 hours
Go out slurry and be put into baking oven, 90 DEG C are dried 24 hours, and net is sieved with 100 mesh sieve.
(2) it fires:Powder after above-mentioned drying is taken be put into right amount it is interior through in the graphite jig of 20mm be compacted after, together with mould
Tool is placed in together between the upper/lower electrode of SPS devices, is powered after extraction vacuum and is first warming up to 800 DEG C with the rate of 400 DEG C/min,
1400 DEG C are warming up to the rate of 300 DEG C/min again, 1500 DEG C of sintering temperature, axis are finally warming up to the rate of 100 DEG C/min
5 minutes are kept the temperature after to pressure 50MPa, takes out sample after power-off is cooling.
(3) it clears up:Polishing cleaning is carried out to the product after coming out of the stove, surface carbon paper slag is removed, obtains finished product.
After measured, the relative density of the sample is 98.86%, and hardness is about 98.3HRA, and fracture toughness is about
11.79MPa·m1/2。
The key of the present invention is that another sintering aid CaC2 other than Co is added, by itself and discharge plasma sintering skill
Art is combined, because CaC2 is also referred to as calcium carbide, its characteristic is can be conductive, and purity is higher, conductive easier, and high-purity is added
CaC2 powder, thus it is possible to vary the electric conductivity of mixed powder can preferably be connected to upper/lower electrode when coordinating SPS sintering, change sintering
Performance.Another key of the present invention is to control the content of sintering aid Co in WC in 1% be sintered close to low Co
In range, there will be no Co contents excessively the hardness of WC to be caused to be gradually reduced in this way, while also avoiding low Co or being sintered without Co
When the poor disadvantage of fracture toughness.
The foregoing describe the basic principles and main features and advantages of the present invention of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry answers
The understanding, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe the present invention's
Principle, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, these change and change
Into all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by appended claims and its equivalent
It defines.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of super abrasive Talide discharge plasma sintering method, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
(1) dispensing:Nanometer WC powder with the soap-free emulsion polymeization phase by vacuum or inert gas shielding is raw material, purity 99.9%,
Granularity be 20-30nm Co powder, be added purity be 99.9%, the CaC2 powder that granularity is 40-50nm, be packed into ball mill, be added wine
Smooth grinding is dried, sieving;
(2) it fires:Powder after above-mentioned drying is put into the graphite jig of high intensity and is compacted, SPS plasma dischargings burning is placed in
Between the upper/lower electrode for tying device;It vacuumizes, heats up after uniaxial tension is added to 50MPa in the tolerance range of graphite jig,
First with the rate of 400 DEG C/min be warming up to 800 DEG C, then 1400 DEG C be warming up to the rate of 300 DEG C/min, finally with 100 DEG C/
The rate of min is warming up to 1500-1700 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5 minutes up to soap-free emulsion polymeization phase nano tungsten carbide hard alloy;
(3) it clears up:Polishing cleaning is carried out to the product after coming out of the stove, surface carbon paper slag is removed, obtains finished product.
2. super abrasive Talide discharge plasma sintering method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It is 20nm to state step (1) wc grain size.
3. super abrasive Talide discharge plasma sintering method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It is total powder amount 1-2w% to state step (1) Co powder additions.
4. super abrasive Talide discharge plasma sintering method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It is total powder amount 1-2w% to state step (1) CaC2 powder additions.
5. super abrasive Talide discharge plasma sintering method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating step (2) and vacuumizing makes vacuum degree reach 6Pa.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109692955A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-04-30 | 郑州大学 | A kind of pure WC hard alloy preparation method and pure WC hard alloy |
CN110157969A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-08-23 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of the super thick Talide containing trace cobalt |
CN113059157A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-07-02 | 南京理工大学 | Method for sintering superfine crystal WC-based hard alloy special-shaped cutter under SPS pressure |
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US3692479A (en) * | 1968-09-10 | 1972-09-19 | Geoffrey W Meadows | Preparation of binary borides,carbides and silicides |
CN1609053A (en) * | 2004-11-11 | 2005-04-27 | 上海交通大学 | Sintering process of superfine pure WC without adhering phase |
CN101229976A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2008-07-30 | 东华大学 | Method for preparing high-performance WC/MgO nano composite material |
CN106116582A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 上海海事大学 | A kind of sintering method of tungsten carbide without cobalt |
CN106518080A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-03-22 | 上海海事大学 | Sintering method of low-Co WC |
-
2018
- 2018-01-09 CN CN201810019895.1A patent/CN108276001A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3692479A (en) * | 1968-09-10 | 1972-09-19 | Geoffrey W Meadows | Preparation of binary borides,carbides and silicides |
CN1609053A (en) * | 2004-11-11 | 2005-04-27 | 上海交通大学 | Sintering process of superfine pure WC without adhering phase |
CN101229976A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2008-07-30 | 东华大学 | Method for preparing high-performance WC/MgO nano composite material |
CN106116582A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 上海海事大学 | A kind of sintering method of tungsten carbide without cobalt |
CN106518080A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-03-22 | 上海海事大学 | Sintering method of low-Co WC |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109692955A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-04-30 | 郑州大学 | A kind of pure WC hard alloy preparation method and pure WC hard alloy |
CN110157969A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-08-23 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of the super thick Talide containing trace cobalt |
CN113059157A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-07-02 | 南京理工大学 | Method for sintering superfine crystal WC-based hard alloy special-shaped cutter under SPS pressure |
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