CN108267745A - Image forming apparatus and its image forming method - Google Patents
Image forming apparatus and its image forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108267745A CN108267745A CN201810046065.8A CN201810046065A CN108267745A CN 108267745 A CN108267745 A CN 108267745A CN 201810046065 A CN201810046065 A CN 201810046065A CN 108267745 A CN108267745 A CN 108267745A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/296—Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52003—Techniques for enhancing spatial resolution of targets
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/521—Constructional features
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/261—Image signal generators with monoscopic-to-stereoscopic image conversion
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of image forming apparatus and its image forming methods, including by orthogonal two linear phased arrays (11 for forming orthogonal array, 12), two linear phased arrays are respectively the transmitting linear phased array (11) for sending and being placed on X-direction for ultrasonic wave and the reception linear phased array (12) received and be placed on Y direction for ultrasonic echo, and the two is respectively provided with an internal element；The length on one side is slightly less than the square sensor of λ/2；Transmitter (20)；Receiver (30)；Collimated light beam shaper (40), the digital signal provided the receiver (30) perform collimated light beam and form operation；Image-signal processor (50)；Display (60)；Controller (70)；Data storage section (180) and three dimensional image signals processor (190).
Description
It application No. is the 201610458086.1, applying date is on 06 22nd, 2016 that the application, which is, invention and created name is
The divisional application of the patent of " device that unmanned boat monitoring area ultrasonic wave 3-D view is formed using orthogonal array ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to unmanned boat monitoring area imaging methods, are formed especially with ultrasonic wave orthogonal array.
Background technology
Unmanned plane summons wind and rain with pilotless automobile in scientific and technological circle, and public attention goes out to the greatest extent, and in comparison, the unmanned boat of low-key is known
Name degree is slightly inferior.It is right small, unmanned boat shrouds an air of mystery always, and famous " Ghost Ship " is that writer fabricates boat
The classical material of extra large story, and in reality, unmanned boat is that the mind of various countries' military field is precious, is the important skill of science and technology competition
Art.Unmanned boat is in the period of high speed development at present, however unmanned boat is before the trial voyage or flight of lower water and when operation at sea, still
Many technical bottlenecks are so faced not solve.
Unmanned boat as its name suggests, manipulates it without human driver, the appearance of " zero crewman " concept on earth whether
Appropriately, opinions vary for industry at present, publication《Safety》Reporter just it is proposed that " unmanned boat " preferable distance with reality, wherein carrying
Go out, if certain ship its orientation on fire suddenly is unknown, according to existing scientific and technological level, manipulate for unmanned boat is certain to make two kinds
Instruction, one kind is best practice, that is, firefighting robot is sent to find accurate ignition point and is put out, second is if robot
Fire extinguishing task can not be completed, ship will open high-pressure fine water mist fire-extinguishing system and complete fire extinguishing task, and two sets of plan is a set of spare,
No defect is seemed, and can not be avoided there are one problem, even if full ship has monitoring device, however does not ensure that monitoring device
Have no blind area, and if catch fire in blind area just at this time or the source to cause fire, two sets of methods can not all be implemented, I
Can only look at helplessly ship burn out sinking.
From this, the problem of effective three-dimensional imaging is just to be solved can be carried out to each blind area of unmanned boat.
Invention content
Therefore on the one hand the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of using orthogonal array progress unmanned boat monitoring area ultrasound
The device that wave 3-D view is formed, including：By orthogonal two linear phased arrays for forming orthogonal array, two linear phases
Control array is respectively sending and be placed on the transmitting linear phased array of X-direction and for ultrasonic wave for ultrasonic wave
Echo receives and is placed on the reception linear phased array of Y direction, and the two is respectively provided with an internal element, in two
For portion's unit between each other at a distance of λ/2, wherein λ represents ultrasonic wavelength, and two linear phased arrays are public same positioned at X-Y axis
Coordinate origin sensor unit is as respective central array element；The length on one side is slightly less than the square sensor of λ/2；Hair
Device is sent, sends out the electric signal for being used to send the ultrasonic wave of linear phased array of generation；Receiver, from reception linear phased array
Receive return orthogonal array and be converted by the sensor element in reception linear phased array electric signal ultrasonic echo it is defeated
Go out and the analog electrical signal received is transformed into digital form, signal handler by performing multiple signal handlers
The analog electrical signal received is operated in a ultrasonic imaging apparatus；Collimated light beam shaper, to receiver institute
The digital signal of offer performs collimated light beam and forms operation, and the collimated light beam shaper is in the plane of φ=0 and θ=θ n
All the points perform dynamic depth and focus on, then apply a series of delay rules to it, generate the deflection of continuous multi-angle acoustic beam
Or different depth depth of focus, parallel waveform are grown up to be a useful person in parallel waveform into execution diffraction control phase method in the process so as to reduce sidelobe level；
Image-signal processor receives all scanning-line signals generated in collimated light beam shaper and is held for received signal
Row ultrasonic phased array imaging processing routine, so as to generate various forms of picture signals；Display, display image signals；Control
Device, control aforesaid operations are so as to obtain the 3-D view of expectation form；Data storage section, the output of receiver are input to simultaneously
Collimated light beam shaper and data storage section and three dimensional image signals processor.
Preferably, the sensor element quantity for forming each phased array is preferably 64 or 128.
Preferably, X-axis and Y-axis form a square area, are placed in the region and send linear phased array and connect
Receive the sensor unit of linear phased array.
Preferably, data storage section is made of a large amount of semiconductor chips or high-speed high capacity hard disk.
Preferably, three dimensional image signals processor is used for dedicated computing by a high speed digital signal processor or one
Either the high-capacity and high-speed ASIC of program is formed or is made of the computer of external connection.
Preferably, transmitter, receiver, collimated light beam shaper and image-signal processor are filled with Versatile two-dimension image
The corresponding construction put is identical.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of utilization orthogonal array to form unmanned boat monitoring area ultrasonic wave graphics
The method of picture, step are as follows：
(1) namely two-dimensional image mode runs the device so as to obtain two dimensional image in a conventional mode, wherein sending line
Property phased array be only used for Wave beam forming to constant cant angle φ=0 degree, receive linear phased array and be only used for sending every time
Afterwards to the focusing operation of the received wave of constant cant angle φ=0 degree, transmitter enables the action for sending linear phased array, in this way
The position for being 0 degree at inclination angle is sent every time can form a send wave plane, receive the ultrasound that linear phased array receives
Wave echo signal is handled in receiver, and then corresponding to an azimuth by collimated light beam shaper focuses it onto a bars
Scan line；(2) signal after focusing by image-signal processor is handled and is shown over the display；(3)
Aforesaid operations are repeated, a 3-D view identical with the plane that existing two dimensional image forms flow formation is formed and puts down
Face；(4) 3D region to be scanned is determined using above-mentioned two-dimensional image mode；(5) in determining 3D region centralized positioning just
Hand over array；(6) 3-D view pattern is completed in setting, and then perform 3-D scanning sends and receives flow；(7) it is corresponding to receive line
Property phased array each step of all the sensors element (6) send after the output of receiver be stored in data storage section；
(8) after completing above-mentioned steps, it is, after the send wave plane of the desired 3D region of all compositions is formed and all coming from
The reflection signal of plane and receive linear phased array plane sensor unit received signal all stored after, send and
Flow is received to stop；(9) reading of three dimensional image signals processor is stored in the data of data storage section, then to 3-D scanning
All scan lines in region perform wave beam and focus on, and perform the 3-D view processing of requirement, wherein collimated light beam shaper, right
The digital signal that receiver is provided performs collimated light beam and forms operation, and collimated light beam shaper puts down φ=0 and θ=θ n
All the points on face perform dynamic depth and focus on, and then apply a series of delay rules to it, generate continuous multi-angle acoustic beam
Deflection or different depth depth of focus, the parallel waveform grow up to be a useful person (40) parallel waveform into the process perform diffraction control phase method so as to subtract
Few sidelobe level；(10) most backward display (170) provides the information of all two and three dimensions images to be shown.
Preferably, when the dynamic depth of step (9) focuses on, a transmitting delay rule is only used, for receiving signal then
Continuous be loaded into focuses on rule, and supersonic beam is made to carry out the scanning to the different depths of focus along beam axis.
Preferably, realtime four-dimensional scanning can be performed after the memory capacity for expanding data storage section.
Preferably, wherein step (9) performs all scan lines of three dimensional scanning region other in addition to deep focus
Control battle array acoustic beam scanning mode.
Preferably, other control battle array acoustic beam scanning modes preferably include the linear scanning of electronics or sector scan.
Using the phased array method of ultrasonic orthogonal array, even if electronically controlling sound beam focusing and scanning, Ke Yi
It is not carried out in the case of mobile probe fast and comprehensive scanning, raising scanning imagery speed has good acoustic beam accessibility,
For complicated Ship Structure, by optimal control focal spot size, burnt area's depth and sound beam direction, resolution ratio and detection may be such that
Range is improved.
According to the accompanying drawings to the detailed description of the specific embodiment of the invention, those skilled in the art will be brighter
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
Some specific embodiments of detailed description of the present invention by way of example rather than limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings hereinafter.
Identical reference numeral denotes same or similar component or part in attached drawing.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these
What attached drawing was not necessarily drawn to scale.The target and feature of the present invention considers that the description below in conjunction with attached drawing will be apparent from,
In attached drawing：
Fig. 1 is a view, represents to surpass for explaining that utilization orthogonal array according to the present invention forms unmanned boat monitoring area
The coordinate system of the method and device of sound wave 3-D view；
Fig. 2 is a block diagram, represents to form unmanned boat monitored space using orthogonal array according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention
The device of domain ultrasonic wave 3-D view；
Fig. 3 is a block diagram, for representing that utilization orthogonal array according to a preferred embodiment of the invention forms unmanned boat prison
The device of region ultrasonic wave 3-D view is controlled, wherein carrying out graphics using 2-D image forming device comprising according to the present invention
Method as being formed.
Specific embodiment
Referring now to attached drawing, the description that details will be provided according to the present invention.
The present invention provides the structure that unmanned boat monitoring area ultrasonic wave 3-D view is formed using orthogonal array, including
Compared to the sensor unit of negligible amounts for traditional two-dimensional array, and completed within typical two dimensional image sweep time
3-D view scans and new 3-D view forming method and device using this method.
With reference to figure 2, unmanned boat monitoring area ultrasonic wave three is carried out using orthogonal array according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
The device that image is formed is tieed up, including the orthogonal array being made of mutually perpendicular two linear phased arrays 11 and 12.Emission lines
Property phased array 11 and receive linear phased array 12 and all have there are one internal element, apart λ/2, wherein λ tables between each other
Show ultrasonic wavelength, and including square sensor, the length on one side is slightly less than λ/2.Two 11 Hes of linear phased array
The 12 public same X-Y axis coordinate system origin sensor units that are located at are as respective central array element.It sends linear phased
Array 11 is used for the transmission of ultrasonic wave, and is placed on X-direction in fig. 2.It receives linear phased array 12 and is used for ultrasonic wave
The reception of echo, and Y direction is placed in Fig. 2.The sensor element quantity for forming each phased array 11 or 12 is preferred
It is 64 or 128.Square area formula as shown on the X-axis and Y-axis of Fig. 2, which is formed, to be sent linear phased array 11 and receives
The sensor unit of linear phased array 12.
Transmitter 20 send out for generate for send linear phased array 11 ultrasonic wave electric signal.In focal position
The ultrasonic wave sent out with focus version by transmission linear phased array 11 is reflected when being propagated in hull by barrier.It returns orthogonal
The ultrasonic echo of array 10 is converted into electric signal by the sensor element in reception linear phased array 12.Receiver 30 is from connecing
It receives linear phased array 12 and receives the electric signal output and by the analog electrical signal received by performing multiple signal processing journeys
Sequence transforms into digital form, processing routine in a typical ultrasonic imaging apparatus to the analog electrical signal that is received into
Row operation.The digital signal that collimated light beam shaper 40 provides receiver 30 performs collimated light beam and forms operation.Image is believed
Number processor 50 receives all scanning-line signals generated in collimated light beam shaper 40 and is performed for received signal
Ultrasonic phased array imaging processing routine is shown on the display 60 so as to generate various forms of picture signals.Controller
Operation in the 70 above-mentioned block diagrams of control is so as to obtain the 3-D view of expectation form.
When transmitter 20 mutually sends linear phased array 11 under a control of the controller 70 provides electric signal, send linear
Each sensor unit in phased array 11 can generate ultrasonic wave.In this case, transmitter 20 controls electric signal to apply
Time onto each sensor unit, such inclination angle are that ultrasonic wave sends out and focuses on orientation on the direction of φ=φ m
Angle is 0 degree and radius is on the point of r=R, and there are one the send wave planar shapeds for the sector region that inclination angle is φ=φ m for tool
Into as shown in Figure 2.Send wave plane width on azimuth direction passes through the sensor that is made of transmission linear phased array 11
The size of component determines.Due to that cannot implement dynamic focusing in transmission process, the wave beam of send wave plane in an inclined direction is wide
Minimum r=R is spent, and as the increasing radius with R distances increases.Therefore, only finite region is three in send wave plane
Tie up the effective coverage that image is formed.The multizone that multiple inclination angle applications are usually used in existing 2-D image forming device focuses on
Either line focus technology can form an effective send wave to technology in a wider region or all desired regions
Plane.In this case, it needs to be improved transmitter 20 according to the prior art.
When the ultrasonic signal of transmission is propagated in hull, the ultrasonic signal emitted can be linear phased by receiving
The sensor unit of array 12 is converted into electric signal.Receiver 30 can be to the ultrasonic signal Jing Guo receiving sensor cell translation
Perform pre-amplification, time gain compensation and filtering.Analog to digital (A/D) converter provided in receiver 30 (does not have
Show) ultrasonic signal is converted into number format.
Collimated light beam shaper 40 receives the output of digital supersonic signal from receiver 30 and received number is believed
Number perform collimated light beam formed operation.In more detail, collimated light beam shaper 40 is to φ=0 shown in Fig. 2 and θ=θ n
All the points in plane perform dynamic focusing, then apply a series of delay rules to it, it is inclined to generate continuous multi-angle acoustic beam
Turn or different depth depth of focus.As a result, form the received wave plane parallel with X-axis shown in Fig. 2.Received wave plane and inclination angle phi
The send wave plane of=φ m is to vertical.The final waveform of ultrasonic wave in view of sending and receiving becomes to send waveform and reception
The synthetic product of waveform.So it obtains to define the send wave plane with inclination angle phi=φ m with being θ with azimuth
One scan line in the received wave plane line of demarcation of=θ n.Parallel waveform grow up to be a useful person 40 parallel waveform into the process perform diffraction control
Phase method is so as to reduce sidelobe level.
If dynamic focusing is performed to all orientation for being used to form 3-D view, that is to say, that received wave forming process
In all azimuth angle thetas=θ n, wherein n=1, in the case of 2 ... N, parallel waveform is grown up to be a useful person 40 can be from by inclination angle phi=φ m
The send wave plane of definition obtains all scan lines, when dynamic depth focuses on, a transmitting delay rule is only used, for connecing
Number then continuous be loaded into of collecting mail focuses on rule, and supersonic beam is made to carry out the scanning to the different depths of focus along beam axis.
Wave width in obtained scan line is defined as follows：1) beam angle of the width of inclined direction with sending wave width
It is identical.2) beam angle on azimuth direction and resolution ratio are identical with the relevant parameter of received wave plane, that is to say, that orientation
Waveform on angular direction is the unidirectional wave for only receiving linear phased array 12.Therefore, point in Fig. 2 equipment on azimuth direction
Resolution can be by controlling transmitter 20 to be controlled, under this mode, the existing two dimensional image shape of resolution ratio of Fig. 2 devices
Resolution ratio into device is more excellent, and due to defining the corresponding popin Surface scan line in all azimuths, is scanned in unmanned boat
In the range of would not there are blind areas.
As described above, linear phased array 11 and 12 forms orthogonal array 10, for being sent and received respectively and
The defeated formation of parallel wave is performed when receiving, so as to perform single pass to a plane of image after once sending.Also
It is to say, Fig. 2 devices can be when existing 2-D image forming device obtains a scan line to one of 3-D view
Plane carries out single pass.Therefore, the above-mentioned flow that sends and receives is repeated M times, focusing ultrasonic wave to point θ=0 degree and
For sending different inclination angle phis=φ m, wherein m=1,2 ... M each time.To θ=0 degree and all in receive process
Azimuth angle theta=θ n, wherein n=1,2 ... N perform parallel waveform into operation, and this completes 3-D scannings.That is,
It is performed in being sent at M times in the time that 3-D scanning or existing two-dimensional image have been acquired and performs scan operation.
Image-signal processor 50 performs different signal handlers, due to sweeping required by parallel beamformer 40
It retouches focus signal on line and obtains excellent picture quality, and perform image processing and picture signal processing so as to generate all classes
The two and three dimensions image of type is shown on the display 60, therefore display 60 also uses formed 3-D view number
According to.Controller controls all operations and process flow, and generation and send wave including sending pulse are formed, and are received
Device, parallel beamformer, the Repetitive controller to sending and receiving wave formation and the control value to image and signal processing.
In 3-D view forming apparatus shown in Fig. 2, both array and receiving array or quantity respectively, hair are sent
Send the complexity of device 20 and receiver all similar with the corresponding parameter of existing 2-D image forming device.However, for pair
The parallel waveform that all scan lines of one plane of composition carry out parallel focusing grows up to be a useful person 40, it is contemplated that circuit size and therein makes
Valency, complexity may be the decades of times of existing 2-D image forming device.Therefore, present invention uses the 3-D view sides of being formed
Method provides the more economical 3-D view forming apparatus for more having practical practical value, and method therein uses orthogonal matrix of the invention
Row, structure use Versatile two-dimension image forming apparatus shown in Fig. 3.
The 3-D view forming apparatus of Fig. 3 increases orthogonal array on the basis of existing two dimensional image processing unit, number
According to storage section 180 and a three dimensional image signals processor 190.Data storage section 180 by a large amount of semiconductor chips or
Person's high-speed high capacity hard disk forms.Three dimensional image signals processor 190 is by a high speed digital signal processor (DSP) or one
It is a to be formed for the high-capacity and high-speed ASIC of dedicated computing or program.In Fig. 3, transmitter 120, receiver 130 receives light beam
Shaper 140 and two dimensional image signal processor 150 and the corresponding construction of Versatile two-dimension image device are identical.Send line
Property phased array 111 and receive linear phased array 112 be connected respectively to 120 He of transmitter by 64 or 128 respectively
Sensor unit composition on receiver 130.
The output of receiver 130 is input to simultaneously receives Beam former 140 and data storage section 180.When Fig. 3's
When device is run in a conventional mode, that is, two-dimensional image mode, it sends linear phased array 111 and is only used for constant cant angle
The Wave beam forming of φ=0 degree receives linear phased array 112 and is only used for connecing constant cant angle φ=0 degree after sending every time
Receive the focusing operation of wave.A scanning is only obtained that is, being sent and received every time in existing 2-D image forming device
Line.In order to obtain two dimensional image, the position that the action that transmitter enables transmission linear phased array 111 is in this way 0 degree at inclination angle
It puts to send every time and can form a send wave plane.The ultrasonic echo signal that linear phased array 112 receives is received to connect
It receives in device 130 and handles, an azimuth is then corresponded to by reception Beam former 140 and focuses it onto a bars scan line.
Signal after focusing is handled by two dimensional image signal processor 150 and is shown on display 160.It will be above-mentioned
Operation is repeated, and forms a 3-D view plane identical with the plane that existing two dimensional image forms flow formation.Two dimension
Under image model, the array identical with the general line phased array used in existing 2-D image forming device can also be used.
3-D view pattern is performed with following flow using Fig. 3 devices：1) it determines to wait to sweep using above-mentioned two-dimensional image mode
The 3D region retouched.2) in determining 3D region centralized positioning orthogonal array 100.3) by (not having by next specific button
Have and show) setting complete 2) after 3-D view pattern, then perform the transmission of the 3-D scanning described with reference to 2 device of figure with
Receive flow.4) receiver 130 is defeated after the corresponding each step 3) of all the sensors element for receiving linear phased array is sent
Go out to be stored in data storage section 180.5) after completing above-mentioned steps, it is, the hair of all desired 3D regions of composition
Popin face is sent to form the sensor unit of rear and all reflection signals and reception linear phased array plane from plane
After received signal is all stored, flow stopping is sent and received.
Three dimensional image signals processor 190 reads the data for being stored in data storage section 180.To three dimensional scanning region
All scan lines perform wave beam and focus on, and perform the 3-D view processing of requirement, then need to be shown to the offer of display 170
The information of two and three dimensions image shown.
The scan operation performed in real time to 3-D view shape using the method that above-mentioned Fig. 3 devices carry out 3-D view formation
(sending and receiving operation), and when Fig. 2 devices obtain real-time 3-D view, perform received wave and focus on, non real-time three
Tie up image procossing and storage operation.Although all 3-D views are formed in the device that flow can be shown in Fig. 2 in real time
It completes, but the 3-D view for finding acquisition diagnostic message is non real-time completion.Correspondingly, with reference to the above-mentioned of 3 device of figure
Method is also effective.Therefore, It is not necessary to be grown up to be a useful person using large-scale parallel waveform in Fig. 2 devices.
Three dimensional image signals processor 190 can be replaced by the computer of external connection.Here, data storage section 180
With high speed outer computer interface.When such outer computer is by use, data storage section 180 can be placed on
In outer computer and without being placed in 3-D view forming apparatus shown in Fig. 3.In any case, Fig. 3 3-D views are formed
Device is all simple compared with structure for Fig. 2 image forming apparatuses.
As described above, the ultrasonic wave 3-D view forming apparatus of Fig. 3 can be in the memory capacity of data storage section 180
Realtime four-dimensional scanning is performed when sufficiently large.That is, three-dimensional image information at any time can obtain in real time and this
The variation of backward three-dimensional viewing can by perform received wave focus on and non real-time image procossing check at any time come.And phase
Electronics (linear) scanning may be used in control battle array acoustic beam scanning direction, and sector scan and dynamic depth focus on three kinds of modes.
Although the present invention is described by reference to specific illustrative embodiment, will not be by these embodiments
Restriction and only limited by accessory claim.It it should be understood by those skilled in the art that can be without departing from the present invention's
The embodiment of the present invention can be modified and be changed in the case of protection domain and spirit.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of image forming apparatus, which is characterized in that described image forming apparatus includes：
The orthogonal transmitting linear phased array (11) for forming orthogonal array and reception linear phased array (12) are sent linear
Phased array (11) receives reception of the linear phased array (12) for ultrasonic echo for the transmission of ultrasonic wave；
Transmitter (20) sends out to generate the electric signal for sending the ultrasonic wave for sending linear phased array (11)；
Receiver (30), for receiving the electric signal output and the analog telecommunications that will be received from reception linear phased array (12)
Number transform into digital form by performing multiple signal handlers；
Collimated light beam shaper (40), the digital signal provided the receiver (30) perform collimated light beam and form operation；
Image-signal processor (50) receives all scanning-line signals generated in collimated light beam shaper (40) and for institute
Received signal performs ultrasonic phased array imaging processing routine, so as to generate various forms of picture signals.
2. image forming apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that transmitting linear phased array (11) is placed on X
Axis direction receives linear phased array (12) and is placed on Y direction, and the two is respectively provided with an internal element, and two internal single
It is first that apart λ/2, wherein λ represent ultrasonic wavelength, described two public same positions of linear phased array (11,12) between each other
In X-Y axis coordinate system origin sensor units as respective central array element；Emit linear phased array (11) and receive
The length that linear phased array (12) further includes one side is slightly less than the square sensor of λ/2；
The receiver (30) is from reception linear phased array (12) the reception return orthogonal array and linear phased by receiving
The ultrasonic echo that sensor element in array (12) is converted into electric signal exports and passes through the analog electrical signal received
It performs multiple signal handlers and transforms into digital form, the signal handler is right in a ultrasonic imaging apparatus
The analog electrical signal received is operated；
The collimated light beam shaper (40) is rightAnd all the points in the plane of θ=θ n perform dynamic depth and focus on, so
Apply a series of delay rules to it afterwards, generate continuous multi-angle acoustic beam deflection or different depth depth of focus, the parallel waveform
Grow up to be a useful person (40) parallel waveform into the process perform diffraction control phase method so as to reduce sidelobe level.
3. image forming apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described image forming apparatus further comprises：
Display (60) shows described image signal；
Controller (70), control aforesaid operations are so as to obtain the 3-D view of expectation form；
Data storage section (180) and three dimensional image signals processor (190), the output of receiver (130) are input to simultaneously
Collimated light beam shaper (40) and data storage section (180) and three dimensional image signals processor (190).
4. image forming apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Form the biography of each phased array (11,12)
Inductor components quantity is preferably 64 or 128.
5. image forming apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The X-axis and Y-axis form a square region
The sensor unit for sending linear phased array (11) and receiving linear phased array (12) is placed in domain in the region.
6. image forming apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The data storage section (180) is by a large amount of
Semiconductor chip or high-speed high capacity hard disk composition；The three dimensional image signals processor (190) is believed by a high-speed figure
Number processor either one for the dedicated computing either high-capacity and high-speed ASIC compositions of program or the calculating by external connection
Mechanism into.
7. image forming apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Described image forming apparatus is applied to nobody
Ship.
8. image forming apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The transmitter (20), the receiver
(30), the collimated light beam shaper (40) and described image signal processor (50) are corresponding to Versatile two-dimension image device
Structure is identical.
9. according to the image forming method of any one of described 1-8 described image forming apparatuses, which is characterized in that described image is formed
Method includes the following steps：
(1) namely two-dimensional image mode runs the device so as to obtain two dimensional image in a conventional mode, wherein sending linear phase
Control array is only used for the Wave beam forming to constant cant angle φ=0 degree, and reception linear phased array is only used for right after sending every time
The focusing operation of the received wave of constant cant angle φ=0 degree, transmitter enable the action for sending linear phased array, are inclining in this way
Oblique angle is that 0 degree of position sends can form a send wave plane every time, receives the ultrasonic wave time that linear phased array receives
Acoustical signal is handled in receiver, and then corresponding to an azimuth by collimated light beam shaper focuses it onto bars scanning
Line；
(2) signal after focusing by image-signal processor is handled and is shown over the display；
(3) aforesaid operations are repeated, forms a three-dimensional identical with the plane that existing two dimensional image forms flow formation
The plane of delineation；
(4) 3D region to be scanned is determined using above-mentioned two-dimensional image mode；
(5) in determining 3D region centralized positioning orthogonal array；
(6) 3-D view pattern is completed in setting, and then perform 3-D scanning sends and receives flow；
(7) output of receiver is deposited after the corresponding each step of all the sensors element (6) for receiving linear phased array is sent
Storage is in data storage section；
(8) after completing above-mentioned steps, it is, after the send wave plane of all desired 3D regions of composition is formed and owning
After the sensor unit received signal of reflection signal and reception linear phased array plane from plane is all stored, hair
Send and receive flow stopping；
(9) reading of three dimensional image signals processor is stored in the data of data storage section, then to the institute of three dimensional scanning region
There is scan line to perform wave beam to focus on, and perform the 3-D view processing of requirement, wherein collimated light beam shaper, to receiver institute
The digital signal of offer performs collimated light beam and forms operation, and collimated light beam shaper is to the institute in the plane of φ=0 and θ=θ n
It a little performs dynamic depth to focus on, then applies a series of delay rules to it, generate continuous multi-angle acoustic beam deflection or not
With depth depth of focus, the parallel waveform grow up to be a useful person (40) parallel waveform into the process perform diffraction control phase method so as to reduce secondary lobe electricity
It is flat；
(10) most backward display (170) provides the information of all two and three dimensions images to be shown.
10. image forming method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：When the dynamic depth of step (9) focuses on, only
Postpone rule using a transmitting, be then continuously loaded into focusing rule for receiving signal, make supersonic beam along beam axis, to difference
The depth of focus carries out the scanning；
Realtime four-dimensional scanning can be performed after the memory capacity for expanding data storage section；
Wherein step (9) performs all scan lines of three dimensional scanning region other control battle array acoustic beam scannings in addition to deep focus
Mode；
Other control battle array acoustic beam scanning modes preferably include the linear scanning of electronics or sector scan.
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| CN201810046065.8A CN108267745A (en) | 2016-06-22 | 2016-06-22 | Image forming apparatus and its image forming method |
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| CN201810046065.8A CN108267745A (en) | 2016-06-22 | 2016-06-22 | Image forming apparatus and its image forming method |
| CN201610458086.1A CN106028021B (en) | 2016-06-22 | 2016-06-22 | The device of unmanned boat monitor area ultrasonic wave 3-D view is formed using orthogonal array |
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| CN114566052A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-05-31 | 华南理工大学 | Method for judging rotation of highway traffic flow monitoring equipment based on traffic flow direction |
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| US11493628B1 (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2022-11-08 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Using perpendicular one-dimensional arrays for safe operation of aerial vehicles |
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| CN109381218B (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2021-08-20 | 香港理工大学深圳研究院 | Three-dimensional ultrasonic imaging method and device |
| WO2021010082A1 (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-21 | 古野電気株式会社 | Underwater detection device and underwater detection method |
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| CN106028021B (en) | 2018-01-19 |
| CN106028021A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
| WO2017219470A1 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
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