CN108258415A - A kind of micro-strip circular polarized antenna and its working frequency regulating device and method - Google Patents

A kind of micro-strip circular polarized antenna and its working frequency regulating device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108258415A
CN108258415A CN201810039688.2A CN201810039688A CN108258415A CN 108258415 A CN108258415 A CN 108258415A CN 201810039688 A CN201810039688 A CN 201810039688A CN 108258415 A CN108258415 A CN 108258415A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
antenna
variable capacitance
working frequency
circular polarized
capacitance
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CN201810039688.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
唐晓杰
何明浩
韩俊
冯明月
蒋莹
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Priority to CN201810039688.2A priority Critical patent/CN108258415A/en
Publication of CN108258415A publication Critical patent/CN108258415A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0428Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of micro-strip circular polarized antenna and its working frequency regulating devices and method.Specifically, the antenna includes earth plate, dielectric substrate, radiation patch and variable capacitance;The dielectric substrate is arranged on above the earth plate;The radiation patch is attached to above the dielectric substrate, and the radiation patch is used for equivalent capacity or inductance, to detach the tuned frequency of degeneracy orthogonal mode;The variable capacitance is connect with the radiation patch, and the variable capacitance is used to adjust the centre frequency of antenna.Antenna provided by the invention can change the capacitance of variable capacitance, realize the adjusting of operating frequency of antenna by applying different bias voltages to the variable capacitance.

Description

A kind of micro-strip circular polarized antenna and its working frequency regulating device and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of antenna, more particularly to a kind of micro-strip circular polarized antenna and its working frequency regulating device and side Method.
Background technology
Vertical polarized antenna cannot receive the signal of horizontally-polarized antenna transmitting, and horizontally-polarized antenna can not receive vertically The signal of poliarizing antenna transmitting, but circularly polarized signal can be received by various linear polarized antennas, therefore tend in field of satellite navigation It is used as reception or transmitting antenna using circular polarized antenna, since the error of mechanical processing, the environment changed at random influence, antenna Working frequency can lead to the problem of offset.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of micro-strip circular polarized antenna and its working frequency regulating device and method, to realize The adjusting of circular polarized antenna operating frequency offset.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes:
A kind of micro-strip circular polarized antenna, the circular polarized antenna include earth plate, dielectric substrate, radiation patch and can power transformation Hold;
The dielectric substrate is arranged on above the earth plate;
The radiation patch is attached to above the dielectric substrate, and the radiation patch is used for equivalent capacity or inductance, to divide Tuned frequency from degeneracy orthogonal mode;
The variable capacitance is connect with the radiation patch, and the variable capacitance is used to adjust the centre frequency of antenna.
Optionally, the length of the radiation patch is 43.6323mm, and the width of the radiation patch is 43.6323mm.
Optionally, the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 1.6mm.
Optionally, the circular polarized antenna further includes coaxial connecting line, the inner wire of the coaxial connecting line and the spoke Patch connection is penetrated, the outer conductor of the coaxial connecting line is connect with the earth plate.
A kind of working frequency regulating device of micro-strip circular polarized antenna, the regulating device are used to adjust the micro-strip entelechy Change antenna;
The micro-strip circular polarized antenna includes earth plate, dielectric substrate, radiation patch and variable capacitance;The dielectric substrate It is arranged on above the earth plate;The radiation patch is attached to above the dielectric substrate, and the radiation patch is used to detach Orthogonal tuned frequency;The variable capacitance is connect with the radiation patch, and the variable capacitance is used to adjust the antenna Centre frequency;
The regulating device includes regulating key, microcontroller and adjustable voltage output module;
The regulating key is connect with the microcontroller, and the regulating key is for generating Regulate signal, and by the tune Section signal sends the microcontroller to;
The microcontroller is connect with the adjustable voltage output module, and the microcontroller is used to be produced according to the Regulate signal Raw control signal, and the control signal is exported to the adjustable voltage output module;
The adjustable voltage output module is connect with the variable capacitance, and the adjustable voltage output module is used for according to institute The feedback voltage signal and the control signal for stating variable capacitance generate bias voltage, and the bias voltage are sent to described Variable capacitance adjusts the working frequency of antenna.
Optionally, the adjustable voltage output module includes comparison circuit and regulator circuit;
The positive input terminal of the comparison circuit is connect with the microcontroller, the negative input end of the comparison circuit with it is described can Become the anode connection of capacitance, the output terminal of the comparison circuit is connect with the regulator circuit, and the comparison circuit is used for from institute The anode for stating variable capacitance obtains the voltage feedback signal of the variable capacitance, and control signal and the Voltage Feedback by described Signal is compared, and obtains comparison result, the comparison result is exported to the regulator circuit;
The regulator circuit is connect with the variable capacitance, for generating bias voltage according to the comparison result, and will The bias voltage sends the variable capacitance to, adjusts the centre frequency of the antenna.
A kind of working frequency adjusting method of micro-strip circular polarized antenna, the adjusting method are applied to the micro-strip circular polarisation The working frequency regulating device of antenna, the adjusting method include the following steps:
Regulate signal is generated by regulating key;
Control signal is generated according to the Regulate signal by microcontroller;
It is bigoted according to the voltage feedback signal of variable capacitance and the control signal generation by adjustable voltage output module Voltage adjusts the working frequency of antenna.
Optionally, it is described that bias voltage is generated according to the control signal by adjustable voltage output module, adjust antenna Working frequency, specifically include:
Compare the control signal and the feedback voltage signal, obtain comparison result;
Bias voltage is generated according to comparison result;
The working frequency of antenna is adjusted according to the bias voltage.
Optionally, the working frequency that antenna is adjusted according to the bias voltage, specifically includes:
By bias voltage loading on the variable capacitance of antenna, change the capacitance of the variable capacitance;
Change the electrical length of antenna ends by the capacitance for changing the variable capacitance, wherein, the electricity of antenna ends is long Degree and the relationship of the capacitance of variable capacitance are:Δ l=Z0(ω C)/tan β, Δ l represent the equivalent electrical length of antenna capacitance, C tables Show the capacitance of variable capacitance, Z0Represent characteristic impedance of antenna, β represents propagation constant;
Change the working frequency of antenna by the electrical length for changing antenna ends, wherein, the working frequency and antenna of antenna The correspondence of electrical length is:F represents the working frequency of antenna, and L represents the length of radiation patch, εe It is effective dielectric constant, c is the light velocity.
According to specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses following technique effects:
The invention discloses a kind of micro-strip circular polarized antennas and its working frequency regulating device and method, the antenna to include Earth plate, dielectric substrate, radiation patch and variable capacitance, antenna provided by the invention are different by applying to the variable capacitance Bias voltage, change the capacitance of the variable capacitance, realize the adjusting of its working frequency.
The working frequency regulating device includes regulating key, microcontroller and adjustable voltage output module, is pressed by adjusting Key generates Regulate signal;Control signal is generated according to the Regulate signal by microcontroller;Pass through adjustable voltage output module root Bias voltage is generated according to the voltage feedback signal and the control signal of variable capacitance, to change the capacitance of variable capacitance, into And adjust the working frequency of antenna.
Micro-strip circular polarized antenna provided by the invention and its working frequency regulating device and method, realize micro-strip circular polarisation The adjusting of the working frequency of antenna overcomes circular polarized antenna since the error of mechanical processing, the environment that changes at random influence, day The offset problem that line working frequency generates.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, attached drawing required in embodiment will be briefly described below. It is clear that drawings discussed below is only one embodiment of the present of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, Under the premise of not making the creative labor, can also other accompanying drawings be obtained according to this attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure chart of micro-strip circular polarized antenna provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of structure diagram of the working frequency regulating device of micro-strip circular polarized antenna provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of circuit diagram of the working frequency regulating device of micro-strip circular polarized antenna provided by the invention;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the working frequency adjusting method of micro-strip circular polarized antenna provided by the invention;
Fig. 5 is the simulation curve figure of the working frequency adjusting method of micro-strip circular polarized antenna provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of micro-strip circular polarized antenna and its working frequency regulating device and method, to realize The adjusting of circular polarized antenna operating frequency offset.
To enable above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage more obvious understandable, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation Mode is described in further detail this technology invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of micro-strip circular polarized antenna, the circular polarized antenna includes earth plate 1, is situated between Matter substrate 2, radiation patch 3 and variable capacitance 4.
The dielectric substrate 2 is arranged on above the earth plate 1;The radiation patch 3 is attached on the dielectric substrate 2 Face, the radiation patch 3 is used for equivalent capacity or inductance, to detach the tuned frequency of degeneracy orthogonal mode;The variable capacitance 4 with The radiation patch 3 connects, and the variable capacitance 4 is used to adjust the centre frequency of antenna.
The length of the radiation patch 3 is 43.6323mm, and the width of the radiation patch 3 is 43.6323mm.It is given an account of The thickness of matter substrate 2 is 1.6mm.
The circular polarized antenna further includes coaxial connecting line, the inner wire of the coaxial connecting line and the radiation patch 3 Connection, the outer conductor of the coaxial connecting line are connect with the earth plate 1.
The Antenna Design of the present invention presents method using microstrip antenna list.The basis of single feedback method:The list of one regular shape Piece microstrip antenna can generate two equal degenerate modes of polarization orthogonal, amplitude, but be generally unable to shape phase in 90 ° by some feed Difference.Some degeneracy separative elements are added in the radiation patch of microstrip antenna thus, generate the tuned frequency of degeneracy orthogonal mode Separation.Working frequency is selected between two resonant frequencies.When the selection of degenerate mode separative element size is suitable, to working frequency Speech, advanced 45 ° of the impedance angle of a mould, and the impedance angle of another mould lags 45 °, and circular polarization radiation is consequently formed.Therefore Method is without additional phase-shift network and power divider.
As shown in Fig. 2, the present invention also provides a kind of working frequency regulating device of micro-strip circular polarized antenna, it is described to adjust dress It puts to adjust the micro-strip circular polarized antenna.
The regulating device includes regulating key 201, microcontroller 202 and adjustable voltage output module 203.
The regulating key 201 is connect with the microcontroller 202, and the regulating key 201 is used to generate Regulate signal, and Send the Regulate signal to the microcontroller 202;The microcontroller 202 is connect with the adjustable voltage output module 203, The microcontroller 202 is used to generate control signal, and the control signal is exported to described adjustable according to the Regulate signal Voltage output module 203;The adjustable voltage output module 203 is connect with the variable capacitance, and the adjustable voltage exports mould Block 203 is used to generate bias voltage, and will be described inclined according to the feedback voltage signal and the control signal of the variable capacitance It holds voltage and sends the variable capacitance to, adjust the working frequency of antenna.
The adjustable voltage output module includes comparison circuit and regulator circuit;The positive input terminal of the comparison circuit and institute State microcontroller connection, the negative input end of the comparison circuit connect with the anode of the variable capacitance, the comparison circuit it is defeated Outlet is connect with the regulator circuit, and the comparison circuit is used to obtain the variable capacitance from the anode of the variable capacitance Voltage feedback signal, and the control signal is compared with the voltage feedback signal, comparison result is obtained, by the ratio Relatively result is exported to the regulator circuit;The regulator circuit is connect with the variable capacitance, for according to the comparison result Bias voltage is generated, and sends the bias voltage to the variable capacitance, adjusts the centre frequency of the antenna.
Specifically, as shown in figure 3, the regulating key include four buttons, the microcontroller use STC89C52, four Regulating key connects four input pins of microcontroller respectively, and the DAC output terminals of microcontroller connect the negative input end of comparison circuit, Input control voltage signal V1, the anode of variable capacitance of the positive input terminal of comparison circuit through resistance R1 connection antennas can power transformation The cathode voltage of appearance is used as voltage feedback signal V after R1, R2 partial pressure2It is delivered to the positive input terminal of comparison circuit, comparison circuit Output terminal connect with regulator circuit, comparison circuit by it is described control signal and the voltage feedback signal be compared, obtain Comparison result Vref, and comparison result is conveyed to regulator circuit, regulator circuit uses LM2596 Voltage stabilizing modules, regulator circuit root Bias voltage V is generated according to comparison resultoutThe anode of variable capacitance is output to, to change the capacitance of variable capacitance, and then adjust The working frequency of antenna.STC89C52 is a kind of low-power consumption, 8 8-digit microcontroller of high-performance CMOS, and there is 8K byte systems can compile Journey flash storage.The serial input data of D/A module is controlled by microcontroller, achievees the purpose that control bias voltage. LM2596 is a kind of electric current output buck switching mode integrated voltage-stabilized chip, can stablize the voltage on partially installing capacitor.
As shown in figure 4, the present invention also provides a kind of working frequency adjusting method of micro-strip circular polarized antenna, the adjusting side Method is applied to the working frequency regulating device of the micro-strip circular polarized antenna, and the adjusting method includes the following steps:
Step 401, Regulate signal is generated by regulating key;
Step 402, control signal is generated according to the Regulate signal by microcontroller;
Step 403, pass through voltage feedback signal of the adjustable voltage output module according to variable capacitance and the control signal Bias voltage is generated, adjusts the working frequency of antenna.
Optionally, described in step 403 by adjustable voltage output module according to the voltage feedback signal of variable capacitance and institute It states control signal and generates bias voltage, adjust the working frequency of antenna, specifically include:
Compare the control signal and the feedback voltage signal, obtain comparison result;
Bias voltage is generated according to comparison result;
The working frequency of antenna is adjusted according to the bias voltage.
Optionally, the working frequency that antenna is adjusted according to the bias voltage, specifically includes:
By bias voltage loading on the variable capacitance of antenna, change the capacitance of the variable capacitance;
Change the electrical length of antenna ends by the capacitance for changing the variable capacitance, wherein, the electricity of antenna ends is long Degree and the relationship of the capacitance of variable capacitance are:Δ l=Z0(ω C)/tan β, Δ l represent the equivalent electrical length of antenna capacitance, C tables Show the capacitance of variable capacitance, Z0Represent characteristic impedance of antenna, β represents propagation constant;
Change the working frequency of antenna by the electrical length for changing antenna ends, wherein, the working frequency and antenna of antenna The correspondence of electrical length is:F represents the working frequency of antenna, and L represents the length of radiation patch, εe It is effective dielectric constant, c is the light velocity.
As shown in figure 5, by HFSS software emulation antennas, the return loss plot of micro-strip circular polarized antenna is obtained, according to For Fig. 5 it is found that when frequency is 1.575GHz, return loss is minimum, is -12.1dB.
The bias voltage adjustment mode of existing variable capacitance is adjusted comprising manual adjust with electricity, and variable capacitance selects BST Capacitance has electric tuning characteristic using the BST variable capacitances of bst thin film material preparation, and loss is relatively low, can be applied to electric tune The various electricity such as microstrip antenna, electrically tunable filter are adjusted in microwave device.
Adjustable voltage output module is increased in the present invention, compared with adjusting D.C. regulated power supply manually, when there is response Between fast, high sensitivity the advantages of.The present invention is also the variation range for increasing variable capacitance bias voltage, employs comparison circuit, And 10 times of amplification of relative error is realized, make the working frequency point of microstrip antenna can be adjusted in 1.50-1.64GHz.Meanwhile Using regulator circuit, additional frequency shift (FS) caused by the disturbance of output voltage is reduced.
Present invention introduces the adjustable mechanism of electricity, by changing the bias voltage of variable capacitance, make Antenna Operation in a certain range Or on a certain feature Frequency point.Correct the frequency offset issues that machining error introduces.It is compared with mechanical tuning, electric tuning tool There is easily controllable, high sensitivity, simple in structure, the advantages of response time is short.The practicability of antenna is improved, antenna is reduced and realizes Difficulty.
D.C. regulated power supply is replaced using adjustable voltage output module.DAC is controlled by microcontroller, exports continuous variable Bias voltage.The variation voltage sensibility higher of output.
Using LM2596 regulator circuits, make bias voltage voltage stabilizing on variable capacitance, undisturbed, antenna energy steady operation exists A certain feature working frequency, does not generate additional frequency shift (FS).
Each embodiment is described by the way of progressive in this specification, the highlights of each of the examples are with other The difference of embodiment, just to refer each other for identical similar portion between each embodiment.
Specific case used herein is expounded technical principle, embodiment, and the explanation of above example is In order to help to understand the technology of the present invention method and core concept, the embodiment of description is only a example of the present invention, is not all of Embodiment.Based on the embodiment of the present invention, what those of ordinary skill in the art were obtained without making creative work Every other embodiment, belongs to the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of micro-strip circular polarized antenna, which is characterized in that the circular polarized antenna includes earth plate, dielectric substrate, radiation patch Piece and variable capacitance;
The dielectric substrate is arranged on above the earth plate;
The radiation patch is attached to above the dielectric substrate, the tuned frequency of the radiation patch separation degeneracy orthogonal mode;
The variable capacitance is connect with the radiation patch, and the variable capacitance is used to adjust the centre frequency of antenna.
2. a kind of micro-strip circular polarized antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the length of the radiation patch is 43.6323mm, the width of the radiation patch is 43.6323mm.
3. a kind of micro-strip circular polarized antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 1.6mm。
4. a kind of micro-strip circular polarized antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the circular polarized antenna further includes together Axis connection line, the inner wire of the coaxial connecting line are connect with the radiation patch, the outer conductor of the coaxial connecting line and institute State earth plate connection.
5. a kind of working frequency regulating device of micro-strip circular polarized antenna, which is characterized in that the regulating device is weighed for adjusting Profit requires the micro-strip circular polarized antenna described in 1-4 any one;
The micro-strip circular polarized antenna includes earth plate, dielectric substrate, radiation patch and variable capacitance;The dielectric substrate setting Above the earth plate;The radiation patch is attached to above the dielectric substrate, and the radiation patch is orthogonal for detaching Tuned frequency;The variable capacitance is connect with the radiation patch, and the variable capacitance is used to adjust the center of the antenna Frequency;
The regulating device includes regulating key, microcontroller and adjustable voltage output module;
The regulating key is connect with the microcontroller, and the regulating key believes described adjust for generating Regulate signal Number send the microcontroller to;
The microcontroller is connect with the adjustable voltage output module, and the microcontroller is used to generate control according to the Regulate signal Signal processed, and the control signal is exported to the adjustable voltage output module;
The adjustable voltage output module is connect with the variable capacitance, and the adjustable voltage output module is used for can according to The feedback voltage signal and the control signal for becoming capacitance generate bias voltage, and the bias voltage sent to described variable Capacitance adjusts the working frequency of antenna.
6. operating frequency of antenna regulating device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the adjustable voltage output module Including comparison circuit and regulator circuit;
The positive input terminal of the comparison circuit is connect with the microcontroller, the negative input end of the comparison circuit with it is described can power transformation The anode connection of appearance, the output terminal of the comparison circuit connect with the regulator circuit, the comparison circuit for from it is described can The anode for becoming capacitance obtains the voltage feedback signal of the variable capacitance, and control signal and the voltage feedback signal by described It is compared, obtains comparison result, the comparison result is exported to the regulator circuit;
The regulator circuit is connect with the variable capacitance, for generating bias voltage according to the comparison result, and by described in Bias voltage sends the variable capacitance to, adjusts the centre frequency of the antenna.
7. a kind of working frequency adjusting method of micro-strip circular polarized antenna, which is characterized in that the adjusting method is applied to right It is required that 5-6 any one of them centre frequency regulating devices, the adjusting method include the following steps:
Regulate signal is generated by regulating key;
Control signal is generated according to the Regulate signal by microcontroller;
Bias voltage is generated according to the voltage feedback signal and the control signal of variable capacitance by adjustable voltage output module, Adjust the working frequency of antenna.
8. the working frequency adjusting method of a kind of micro-strip circular polarized antenna according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described Bias voltage is generated according to the control signal by adjustable voltage output module, the working frequency of antenna is adjusted, specifically includes:
Compare the control signal and the feedback voltage signal, obtain comparison result;
Bias voltage is generated according to comparison result;
The working frequency of antenna is adjusted according to the bias voltage.
9. the working frequency adjusting method of a kind of micro-strip circular polarized antenna according to claim 8, which is characterized in that described The working frequency of antenna is adjusted according to the bias voltage, is specifically included:
By bias voltage loading on the variable capacitance of antenna, change the capacitance of the variable capacitance;
By change the variable capacitance capacitance change antenna ends electrical length, wherein, the electrical length of antenna ends and The relationship of the capacitance of variable capacitance is:Δ l=Z0(ω C)/tan β, Δ l represent the equivalent electrical length of antenna capacitance, and C expressions can Become the capacitance of capacitance, Z0Represent characteristic impedance of antenna, β represents propagation constant;
Change the working frequency of antenna by the electrical length for changing antenna ends, wherein, the working frequency and antenna electric of antenna are long The correspondence of degree is:F represents the working frequency of antenna, and L represents the length of radiation patch, εeIt is to have Dielectric constant is imitated, c is the light velocity.
CN201810039688.2A 2018-01-16 2018-01-16 A kind of micro-strip circular polarized antenna and its working frequency regulating device and method Pending CN108258415A (en)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108767467A (en) * 2018-06-07 2018-11-06 中山大学 A kind of wide-band high gain medium integrated waveguide antenna
CN110880647A (en) * 2018-09-04 2020-03-13 联发科技股份有限公司 Antenna module with improved performance
CN116914435A (en) * 2023-09-12 2023-10-20 上海英内物联网科技股份有限公司 Broadband circularly polarized patch antenna

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108767467A (en) * 2018-06-07 2018-11-06 中山大学 A kind of wide-band high gain medium integrated waveguide antenna
CN110880647A (en) * 2018-09-04 2020-03-13 联发科技股份有限公司 Antenna module with improved performance
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Application publication date: 20180706