CN108258382B - Antenna system - Google Patents

Antenna system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108258382B
CN108258382B CN201711486939.3A CN201711486939A CN108258382B CN 108258382 B CN108258382 B CN 108258382B CN 201711486939 A CN201711486939 A CN 201711486939A CN 108258382 B CN108258382 B CN 108258382B
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antenna
antenna radiator
radiation part
matching circuit
inductor
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CN108258382A (en
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邱孝钧
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AAC Technologies Pte Ltd
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AAC Technologies Pte Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them

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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of communication and discloses an antenna system. The antenna system comprises an antenna radiator provided with a first via hole and a second via hole, an antenna support for embedding the antenna radiator, a circuit board provided with a feed point, a first grounding point, a second grounding point, a first matching circuit, a second matching circuit and a third matching circuit, and a shell for accommodating the circuit board. Compared with the prior art, the antenna system provided by the invention can realize low-frequency band switching and cover 1700-2700 high frequency by utilizing the metal frame of the existing mobile terminal, and the mobile terminal embedded with the antenna system can realize the coverage of the communication full frequency band and meet the carrier aggregation use requirement of domestic telecom operators by arranging 3 matching circuits in the antenna system.

Description

Antenna system
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to an antenna system.
Background
With the rapid development of communication technology, more and more wireless mobile devices, especially mobile phones, are used, and people not only can meet simple conversation functions, but also have higher and higher requirements on the texture of the mobile phones. The design that the mobile phone body is matched with the metal frame or the metal shell is directly adopted is widely used, and in the design of the metal frame or the metal shell, one technical difficulty is that the metal frame or the metal shell can shield signals received and sent by the antenna to a certain degree, so that the performance of the antenna is seriously influenced. In addition, as the existing mobile phone is thinner and thinner, the space reserved for the antenna becomes smaller and smaller, and the environment of the antenna becomes worse and worse, which further limits the radiation performance of the antenna and the bandwidth of the antenna.
In order to solve the above technical problems, Laser-Direct-Structuring (LDS) antennas are widely used. The LDS Antenna changes the mode that the existing Antenna is installed on a mobile phone circuit board, and controls the movement of laser according to the track of a conductive pattern by using a computer, and a metal Antenna Radiation pattern (Antenna pattern for short) is directly formed on an Antenna bracket by chemical plating, so that the Antenna can be arranged in a limited space as far as possible.
However, the inventor of the present invention found that, in the prior art, most of the antenna systems collocated with the metal frame have no way to integrate 1700MHz-2700MHz into a complete high frequency, which cannot meet the use requirement of multi-Carrier Aggregation (CA). Based on this, the currently proposed antenna is integrated with a metal frame, and a single-pole four-throw antenna switch (SP4T) is connected at a certain point, and the frequency is adjusted by switching the matching of different rf pins, but this approach can only achieve 4 state switching, and the routing layout of the SP4T switch on the PCB and the clearance layer of the switch pins on the PCB also need special treatment, otherwise the loss of the switch and the effect of parasitic capacitance bring fatal damage to the performance of the antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an antenna system, which can realize the coverage of a low frequency band by utilizing a metal frame of the conventional mobile terminal, and realizes the coverage of a medium frequency band and a high frequency band by arranging 3 matching circuits in an antenna, so that the mobile terminal embedded with the antenna system can realize the coverage of a full communication frequency band.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna system, including an antenna radiator having a first via hole and a second via hole, an antenna bracket for embedding the antenna radiator, a circuit board having a feeding point, a first ground point, a second ground point, a first matching circuit, a second matching circuit, a third matching circuit, and a housing for accommodating the circuit board; the frame of the shell is a metal frame, and a broken seam is arranged in the area, close to the antenna radiator, of the metal frame; the antenna support is arranged on the circuit board, the feeding point is electrically connected to the first via hole through the first metal elastic sheet, the first grounding point is in contact conduction with the metal frame, the second grounding point is electrically connected to the second via hole through the second metal elastic sheet, the antenna radiator is electrically connected to the region, close to the left side of the broken joint, of the metal frame through the third metal elastic sheet, and the antenna radiator is electrically connected to the region, close to the right side of the broken joint, of the metal frame through the fourth metal elastic sheet; the first matching circuit is electrically connected to the area of the antenna radiator provided with the first via hole, the second matching circuit is electrically connected to the area of the antenna radiator in contact with the first ground point, and the third matching circuit is electrically connected to the area of the antenna radiator in contact with the second ground point, so that the antenna radiator covers the full communication band.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides an antenna system capable of covering the full communication frequency band, and particularly, the antenna system can cover the medium and high frequency band by conducting a metal frame provided with a broken joint with a circuit board and an antenna radiator, enabling the antenna system to cover the low frequency band by utilizing the metal frame provided with the broken joint through an adjustable capacitor in a first matching circuit, and enabling the antenna system to cover the medium and high frequency band by arranging two grounding points in the antenna system and respectively accessing the matching circuits in antenna radiator areas where the two grounding points are located. The antenna system provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in realization, and because the whole antenna system does not have a change-over switch, the antenna is not damaged by switching loss and parasitic capacitance effect, and the service life of the antenna is effectively ensured.
In addition, the antenna radiator includes: a first antenna radiator and a second antenna radiator; the first antenna radiator comprises a first radiation part, a second radiation part, a third radiation part, a fourth radiation part, a fifth radiation part and a sixth radiation part, wherein the first radiation part is electrically connected with the second grounding point and horizontally extends towards the direction close to the feeding point; the second antenna radiator comprises a seventh radiation part, an eighth radiation part and a ninth radiation part, wherein the seventh radiation part is electrically connected with the feed point and horizontally extends towards the direction close to the first grounding point; the second radiation part is connected to the first matching circuit, the seventh radiation part is connected to the second matching circuit, the fourth radiation part is connected to the third matching circuit, and the first antenna radiation body is communicated with the second antenna radiation body through the circuit board. The invention provides a specific structure of an antenna radiator of an antenna in an antenna system, and based on the structure, the full-band coverage of communication can be realized by utilizing a metal frame well.
In addition, the antenna radiator realizes low-frequency resonance position tuning through the first matching circuit, and the working frequency band of low-frequency resonance of the antenna radiator covers 824MHz-960 MHz.
In addition, the antenna radiator realizes the middle-high frequency resonance position tuning through a second matching circuit and/or a third matching circuit, and the working frequency band of the middle-high frequency resonance of the antenna radiator covers 1710MHz-2700 MHz.
In addition, the gap of the broken seam is at least 1.2 mm. The invention provides a specific value of a gap of a metal frame fracture, and the gap of the fracture is set to be at least 1.2mm, so that the antenna system can be suitable for the existing mobile terminal with a non-full screen.
In addition, the gap of the broken seam is at least 1.4 mm. The invention provides a specific value of a gap of a metal frame fracture, and the gap of the fracture is set to be at least 1.4mm, so that the antenna system can be suitable for the existing mobile terminal of a full screen.
In addition, the first matching circuit comprises a first inductor, a second inductor, a radio frequency signal source and an adjustable capacitor, the second matching circuit comprises a third inductor, and the third matching circuit comprises a fourth inductor; the first end of the adjustable capacitor is electrically connected to the area, provided with the first via hole, of the antenna radiator, the second end of the adjustable capacitor is electrically connected to the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor respectively, the second end of the first inductor is connected with the radio frequency signal source, and the second end of the second inductor is grounded; the first end of the third inductor is electrically connected with the region where the antenna radiator is in contact with the first grounding point, and the second end of the third inductor is grounded; the first end of the fourth inductor is electrically connected to the region where the antenna radiator is in contact with the second ground point, and the second end of the fourth inductor is grounded. The invention provides specific structures of the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit and the third matching circuit, and through the connection mode, the tuning of the resonance position of each frequency band of an antenna radiator can be realized, so that the full-frequency-band coverage of communication is realized.
In addition, the value ranges of the first inductor, the third inductor and the fourth inductor are respectively between 1nH and 3 nH.
In addition, the value range of the second inductor is between 1nH and 15 nH.
In addition, the value range of the adjustable capacitor is between 1.82pF and 9.7 pF.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an antenna system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna radiator in an antenna system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit board having a feeding point, a first grounding point, and a second grounding point region in the antenna system according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a metal frame of a housing and positions of a first metal elastic sheet, a second metal elastic sheet, a third metal elastic sheet and a fourth metal elastic sheet on the housing in an antenna system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement positions of the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit, and the third matching circuit in the antenna system according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an efficiency diagram of the antenna system of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention in its various embodiments. However, the technical solution claimed in the present invention can be implemented without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
A first embodiment of the present invention relates to an antenna system. The antenna system is mainly applied to mobile communication handheld mobile devices, such as mobile phones.
The antenna system comprises an antenna radiator provided with a first via hole and a second via hole, an antenna support for embedding the antenna radiator, a circuit board provided with a feed point, a first grounding point, a second grounding point, a first matching circuit, a second matching circuit and a third matching circuit, and a shell for accommodating the circuit board.
It should be noted that the antenna system provided in this embodiment is mainly implemented by using a metal frame of an existing mobile terminal. Therefore, the frame of the housing needs to be a metal frame, and a broken seam needs to be arranged in the area of the metal frame, which is close to the antenna radiator.
The antenna support is arranged on the circuit board, the feeding point is electrically connected to the first via hole through the first metal elastic sheet, the first grounding point is in contact conduction with the metal frame, the second grounding point is electrically connected to the second via hole through the second metal elastic sheet, the antenna radiator is electrically connected to the region, close to the left side of the broken joint, of the metal frame through the third metal elastic sheet, and the antenna radiator is electrically connected to the region, close to the right side of the broken joint, of the metal frame through the fourth metal elastic sheet; the first matching circuit is electrically connected to the area of the antenna radiator provided with the first via hole, the second matching circuit is electrically connected to the area of the antenna radiator in contact with the first ground point, and the third matching circuit is electrically connected to the area of the antenna radiator in contact with the second ground point, so that the antenna radiator covers the full communication band.
In the antenna system provided in this embodiment, the full communication frequency band that can be covered by the antenna radiator refers to a frequency band that can support the operation of a communication system of an existing mobile terminal, such as 2G, 3G, and 4G.
Specifically, the antenna radiator realizes the tuning of the low-frequency resonance position through the first matching circuit, so that the working frequency band of the low-frequency resonance of the antenna radiator covers 824MHz-960 MHz.
The antenna radiator realizes the middle-high frequency resonance position tuning through the second matching circuit and/or the third matching circuit, so that the working frequency band of the middle-high frequency resonance of the antenna radiator can cover the 1710MHz-2700MHz frequency band.
In addition, it is worth mentioning that, taking a mobile phone as an example, the existing mobile phones which are generally designed by adopting a metal shell or a metal frame are generally divided into a full-screen (that is, all the front sides of the mobile phones are screens, and four frame positions of the mobile phones are designed without frames, so that a screen occupation ratio close to 100% is pursued, and at present, the screen occupation ratio mainly refers to more than 80% and a non-full screen (the screen occupation ratio is less than 80% as far as the four frame positions of the mobile phones are concerned), so that the antenna system can be better applied to the two types of mobile phones, and the embodiment provides two preferable schemes.
Specifically, when the antenna system is applied to a full-screen mobile phone, the gap between the broken seams formed in the metal frame needs to be at least 1.4mm, and when the antenna system is applied to a non-full-screen mobile phone, the gap between the broken seams formed in the metal frame needs to be at least 1.2mm, and the specific value is set reasonably by a technical person in the field according to the size of the mobile phone actually embedded, and the size is not limited here.
For convenience of understanding, the present embodiment shows an antenna system with a specific structure, where an antenna radiator of the antenna system specifically includes a first antenna radiator and a second antenna radiator, and the overall structure of the specific antenna system is as shown in fig. 1 to 4.
Wherein 10 is a first via hole, 20 is a second via hole, 30 is an antenna radiator, 40 is an antenna support, 50 is a circuit board, 60 is a housing, 60-1 is a metal frame with a break, 60-2 is the break as referred to in this embodiment, 70 is a feeding point, 80 is a first grounding point, 90 is a second grounding point, 101 is a first metal elastic piece, 102 is a second metal elastic piece, 103 is a third metal elastic piece, and 104 is a fourth metal elastic piece.
It should be noted that the first grounding point 80 is in contact conduction with the extended region 60-11 of the metal frame 60-1, and the third metal elastic piece 103 and the fourth metal elastic piece 104 are specifically disposed between the circuit board 50 and the metal frame 60-1, so as to ensure that the circuit board 50 is in conduction with the metal frame 60-1.
In addition, the antenna radiator 30 has a specific orientation as shown in fig. 2. Wherein, the first antenna radiator 30-1 comprises a first radiation part 30-11 electrically connected with the second grounding point 90 and horizontally extending towards the direction close to the feeding point 70, a second radiation part 30-12 vertically extending from the first radiation part 30-11 towards the direction far away from the broken seam 60-2, a third radiation part 30-13 horizontally extending from the second radiation part 30-12 towards the direction far away from the feeding point 70, a fourth radiation part 30-14 vertically extending from the third radiation part 30-13 towards the direction close to the metal frame 60-1 provided with the broken joint 60-2, a fifth radiation part 30-15 horizontally extending from the fourth radiation part 30-14 towards the direction close to the broken joint 60-2, and a sixth radiation part 30-16 downwards bent and extended from the fourth radiation part 30-14.
The second antenna radiator 30-2 includes a seventh radiation portion 30-21 electrically connected to the feeding point 70 and horizontally extending toward the first ground point 80, an eighth radiation portion 30-22 electrically connected to the feeding point 70 and vertically extending toward the metal frame 60-1 with the break joint 60-2, and a ninth radiation portion 30-23 bent and extended downward from the eighth radiation portion 30-22.
In addition, it is worth mentioning that in this embodiment, the first matching circuit specifically includes a first inductor, a second inductor, a radio frequency signal source, and an adjustable capacitor, the second matching circuit specifically includes a third inductor, and the third matching circuit specifically includes a fourth inductor.
The specific arrangement positions of the 3 matching circuits and the connections of the components in each matching circuit are shown in fig. 5.
Wherein TUNER is an adjustable capacitor, L1 is a first inductor, L2 is a second inductor, RF is a radio frequency signal source, L3 is a third inductor, and L4 is a fourth inductor.
Specifically, a first end of the tunable capacitor TUNER is electrically connected to the region a1 where the first via hole 10 is disposed in the antenna radiator 30, a second end of the tunable capacitor TUNER is electrically connected to a first end of the first inductor L1 and a first end of the second inductor L2, respectively, a second end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the RF signal source, and a second end of the second inductor L2 is grounded. A first end of the third inductor L3 is electrically connected to the region a2 where the antenna radiator 30 contacts the first ground point 80, and a second end of the third inductor L3 is grounded. A first end of the fourth inductor L4 is electrically connected to the region where the antenna radiator 30 contacts the second ground point, and a second end of the fourth inductor L4 is grounded.
In addition, the first antenna radiator 30-1 and the second antenna radiator 30-2 of the antenna radiator 30 with the above structure are communicated through the circuit board 50, the second radiation part 30-12 is connected to the first matching circuit, the seventh radiation part 30-21 is connected to the second matching circuit, and the fourth radiation part is connected to the third matching circuit.
In addition, in practical application, the value ranges of the first inductor L1, the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4 are respectively 1nH to 3nH, the value range of the second inductor L2 is 1nH to 15nH, and the value range of the adjustable capacitor is 1.82pF to 9.7 pF.
Preferably, the first inductor L1, the third inductor L3, and the fourth inductor L4 may be inductors having the same value, and the inductance value is 1.5nH, and the value of the second inductor is 12 nH. In order to more intuitively know the efficiency of the antenna system, the following description is made with reference to table 1 and fig. 6.
Table 1 shows the voltage values, the tunable capacitance values and the frequency bands of the tunable capacitor TUNER under the condition values of 850Tx, 850Rx, 900Tx and 900 Rx.
Figure GDA0002354320800000081
TABLE 1
Where Tx specifically represents the output and Rx represents the input.
Figure 6 is a graph of the efficiency of an antenna radiator in an antenna system plotted against the data in table 1.
In addition, it is worth mentioning that based on the data provided in table 1, the radiation coefficient effect of the antenna radiator in the antenna system can be obtained, and the radiation thereof is generally converged at the following 8 points in the above four states, specifically:
1、824MHz,-7.8602dB;
2、880MHZ,-7.5023dB;
3、960MHz,-2.2037dB;
4、1710MHZ,-6.4162dB;
5、2170MHz,-5.3722dB;
6、2300MHZ,-6.020dB;
7、2500MHz,-20.044dB;
8、2690MHZ,-7.0809dB。
through table 1, fig. 6 and the above-mentioned data, it is not difficult to discover that the antenna system provided in this embodiment can utilize the metal frame of the existing mobile terminal to realize that the low frequency band is switched and cover the high frequency of 1700-2700, and through setting up 3 matching circuits in the antenna system, the mobile terminal embedded with this antenna system can realize the coverage of the full frequency band of communication and satisfy the carrier aggregation use requirement of the domestic telecom operator, and user experience is improved.
It should be noted that, the above is only an example, and does not limit the technical solution of the present invention, and in practical applications, the specific direction of the antenna radiator in the antenna system is not limited to the structure shown in the present embodiment, and those skilled in the art can reasonably set the direction as needed, and the present invention is not limited herein.
In addition, the communication frequency bands that can be covered by the antenna system provided in this embodiment all include end points.
In addition, it is worth mentioning that the antenna radiator in the antenna system provided in this embodiment is specifically a metal antenna that is set by using a common process, and in practical applications, the antenna radiator is not specifically limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can reasonably set the antenna radiator as needed.
A second embodiment of the present invention relates to an antenna system. The second embodiment is mainly different from the first embodiment in that, in the first embodiment, the antenna embedded in the antenna bracket in the antenna system is a metal antenna which is arranged by adopting a common process; in the second embodiment, the antenna part in the antenna system is specifically an antenna prepared by an LDS process.
The antenna prepared by the LDS process enables the radiation area of the antenna system to be increased as much as possible in a limited space, and accordingly the antenna system can better achieve communication full-band coverage.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples for carrying out the invention, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in practice.

Claims (10)

1. An antenna system is characterized by comprising an antenna radiator provided with a first via hole and a second via hole, an antenna support for embedding the antenna radiator, a circuit board provided with a feed point, a first grounding point, a second grounding point, a first matching circuit, a second matching circuit and a third matching circuit, and a shell for accommodating the circuit board;
the frame of the shell is a metal frame, and a broken seam is arranged in the area, close to the antenna radiator, of the metal frame;
the antenna support is arranged on the circuit board, the feed point is electrically connected to the first via hole through a first metal elastic sheet, the first grounding point is in contact conduction with the metal frame, the second grounding point is electrically connected to the second via hole through a second metal elastic sheet, the antenna radiator is electrically connected to the region, close to the left side of the broken joint, of the metal frame through a third metal elastic sheet, and the antenna radiator is electrically connected to the region, close to the right side of the broken joint, of the metal frame through a fourth metal elastic sheet;
the first matching circuit is electrically connected to an area where the first via hole is formed in the antenna radiator, the second matching circuit is electrically connected to an area where the antenna radiator is in contact with the first ground point, and the third matching circuit is electrically connected to an area where the antenna radiator is in contact with the second ground point, so that the antenna radiator covers a full communication band.
2. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the antenna radiator comprises: a first antenna radiator and a second antenna radiator;
the first antenna radiator comprises a first radiation part, a second radiation part, a third radiation part, a fourth radiation part, a fifth radiation part and a sixth radiation part, wherein the first radiation part is electrically connected with the second grounding point and horizontally extends towards the direction close to the feeding point, the second radiation part vertically extends from the first radiation part towards the direction far away from the broken joint, the third radiation part horizontally extends from the second radiation part towards the direction far away from the feeding point, the fourth radiation part vertically extends from the third radiation part towards the direction close to the metal frame provided with the broken joint, the fifth radiation part horizontally extends from the fourth radiation part towards the direction close to the broken joint, and the sixth radiation part is bent downwards and extends from the fourth radiation part;
the second antenna radiator comprises a seventh radiation part, an eighth radiation part and a ninth radiation part, wherein the seventh radiation part is electrically connected with the feed point and horizontally extends towards the direction close to the first grounding point;
the second radiating part is connected to the first matching circuit, the seventh radiating part is connected to the second matching circuit, the fourth radiating part is connected to the third matching circuit, and the first antenna radiator is communicated with the second antenna radiator through the circuit board.
3. The antenna system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the antenna radiator is tuned in position by the first matching circuit for low frequency resonance, the operating band of the low frequency resonance of the antenna radiator covering 824MHz-960 MHz.
4. The antenna system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the antenna radiator is tuned to the middle-high frequency resonance position by the second matching circuit and/or the third matching circuit, and the operating frequency band of the high-frequency resonance of the antenna radiator covers 1710MHz to 2700 MHz.
5. The antenna system of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gap of the break is at least 1.2 mm.
6. The antenna system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the gap of the break is at least 1.4 mm.
7. The antenna system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first matching circuit comprises a first inductance, a second inductance, a radio frequency signal source, and an adjustable capacitance, wherein the second matching circuit comprises a third inductance, and wherein the third matching circuit comprises a fourth inductance;
a first end of the adjustable capacitor is electrically connected to the region of the antenna radiator body provided with the first via hole, a second end of the adjustable capacitor is electrically connected to a first end of the first inductor and a first end of the second inductor respectively, a second end of the first inductor is connected with the radio frequency signal source, and a second end of the second inductor is grounded;
the first end of the third inductor is electrically connected with a region where the antenna radiator is in contact with the first grounding point, and the second end of the third inductor is grounded;
a first end of the fourth inductor is electrically connected to a region where the antenna radiator is in contact with the second ground point, and a second end of the fourth inductor is grounded.
8. The antenna system of claim 7, wherein the first inductor, the third inductor, and the fourth inductor have values in a range of 1nH to 3nH, respectively.
9. The antenna system of claim 7, wherein the second inductance has a value in a range of 1nH to 15 nH.
10. The antenna system of claim 7, wherein the tunable capacitor has a value in a range of 1.82pF to 9.7 pF.
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