CN108257113A - A kind of noise analysis approach based on full link - Google Patents
A kind of noise analysis approach based on full link Download PDFInfo
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- CN108257113A CN108257113A CN201711457504.6A CN201711457504A CN108257113A CN 108257113 A CN108257113 A CN 108257113A CN 201711457504 A CN201711457504 A CN 201711457504A CN 108257113 A CN108257113 A CN 108257113A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10032—Satellite or aerial image; Remote sensing
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- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
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- G06T2207/30168—Image quality inspection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of noise analysis approach based on full link, including:Call the corresponding frequency domain scenery statistical model of image product generated with the full link of remotely sensed image;The frequency domain scenery statistical model is parsed, obtains the sub-sampling noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation;According to pre-established scenery mean value and the relationship of scenery standard deviation, the Johnson noise general power that will be represented with scenery mean value is converted to the Johnson noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation;By the sum of the sub-sampling noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation and the Johnson noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation, as the first noise general power;Based on the first noise general power, the noise analysis of full link is carried out, obtains analysis result.The quantification of noise is realized by the present invention, ensure that the picture quality of camera master-plan, and algorithm and parameter is determined for image procossing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the master-plan of aerospace optical remote sensing camera and image technique fields more particularly to one kind to be based on full chain
The noise analysis approach on road.
Background technology
In the development of optical remote sensing imaging system, user is often to imaging system SNR (Signal to Noise
Ratio, signal-to-noise ratio) parameter constrained, the most commonly used is proposing the SNR indexs under high, normal, basic uniform spoke brightness case, than
If maximum S/N R is more than 48dB, medium SNR is more than 37dB, and minimum SNR is more than 20dB.
In-orbit SNR is determined by many influence factors in imaging process, including optical sensor noise of detector, electricity
Road noise, scenery Johnson noise, quantizing noise, compression noise, the amplification of image procossing noise.The presence of noise causes image useful
The annihilation of information, target are lost, and information content reduces.
High MTF (Modulation Transfer Function, modulation transfer function) is pursued due to domestic satallite to set more
Meter, causes the sub-sampling of imaging system, and sub-sampling causes scenery high fdrequency component to obscure low frequency component, false target is caused to be deposited
Causing image fault.And in aerospace optical remote sensing image camera master-plan, sub-sampling effect is not thought of as making an uproar
Sound only qualitatively recognizes, and in master-plan, it is critically important to understand the size of the amount and the proportion in noise.
Invention content
The technology of the present invention solves the problems, such as:Overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of noise analysis based on full link
Method to realize the quantification of noise, ensures the picture quality of camera master-plan, and determine algorithm and ginseng for image procossing
Number.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention discloses a kind of noise analysis approach based on full link, including:
Call the corresponding frequency domain scenery statistical model of image product generated with the full link of remotely sensed image;
The frequency domain scenery statistical model is parsed, obtains the sub-sampling noise total work represented with scenery standard deviation
Rate;
It is according to pre-established scenery mean value and the relationship of scenery standard deviation, the Johnson noise represented with scenery mean value is total
Power is converted to the Johnson noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation;
The sub-sampling noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation is dissipated with described with what scenery standard deviation represented
The sum of noise general power is played, as the first noise general power;
Based on the first noise general power, the noise analysis of full link is carried out, obtains analysis result.
Above-mentioned based in the noise analysis approach of full link, the frequency domain scenery statistical model is:With spatial domain
The frequency domain power spectral-density model of scenery standard deviation.
Above-mentioned based in the noise analysis approach of full link, the expression formula of the frequency domain scenery statistical model is:
Wherein, u, v represent the frequency on two-dimensional space direction respectively, and μ represents Mean spatial details, σLRepresent scenery standard
Difference.
It is described that the frequency domain scenery statistical model is parsed above-mentioned based in the noise analysis approach of full link,
The sub-sampling noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation is obtained, including:
The frequency domain scenery statistical model is transmitted by full link MTF;
Scenery frequency spectrum after being transmitted to full link MTF carries out frequency spectrum duplication, obtains replicating spectrum;
It is translated, and to answering after all translations using 2 times of nyquist frequencies as stepping to replicating spectrum on the frequency axis
Notation carries out summation operation, obtains sub-sampling total frequency spectrum;
Multiplying window is carried out to sub-sampling total frequency spectrum, takes the frequency spectrum between 0 to 1 times of nyquist frequency;
Integral operation is carried out to the frequency spectrum after adding window, obtains the sub-sampling noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation.
Above-mentioned based in the noise analysis approach of full link, the pre-established scenery mean value and scenery standard deviation
Relationship is:
M=σL×D
Wherein, M represents scenery mean value, σLRepresent scenery standard deviation, D represents normalization scenery mean value;
Above-mentioned based in the noise analysis approach of full link, further include:It models to obtain using Poisson distribution and described uses scape
The Johnson noise general power that object mean value represents.
It is described based on the first noise general power above-mentioned based in the noise analysis approach of full link, carry out full chain
The noise analysis on road, obtains analysis result, including:
Obtain quantizing noise general power;
By the sum of the first noise general power and the quantizing noise general power, as the second noise general power;
Based on the second noise general power, the noise analysis of full link is carried out, obtains analysis result.
It is described based on the second noise general power above-mentioned based in the noise analysis approach of full link, carry out full chain
The noise analysis on road, obtains analysis result, including:
Obtain detector and circuit noise general power;
By the second noise general power and the sum of the detector and circuit noise general power, as third noise total work
Rate;
Based on the third noise general power, the noise analysis of full link is carried out, obtains analysis result.
It is described based on the third noise general power above-mentioned based in the noise analysis approach of full link, carry out full chain
The noise analysis on road, obtains analysis result, including:
Obtain image procossing noise amplification factor;
The third noise general power and described image are handled to the product of noise amplification factor, as the 4th noise total work
Rate;
Based on the 4th noise general power, the noise analysis of full link is carried out, obtains analysis result.
It is described based on the 4th noise general power above-mentioned based in the noise analysis approach of full link, carry out full chain
The noise analysis on road, obtains analysis result, including:
The 4th noise general power is compared with pre-set user requirements;
If the 4th noise general power meets the pre-set user requirements, terminate;If the 4th noise total work
Rate is unsatisfactory for the pre-set user requirements, then according to the comparison result of the 4th noise general power and pre-set user requirements, really
Determine main noise source.
The present invention has the following advantages:
(1) present invention is by the analysis to full link of the aerospace optical remote sensing camera comprising scenery statistical property, with reference to each
The model of kind noise can obtain the power of various noises, so as to obtain each noise proportion, the deficiency of completion index system
Part.
(2) noise analysis approach of the present invention based on full link, will be sub- by introducing frequency domain scenery statistical model
Sampling noise, Johnson noise, quantizing noise, detector and circuit noise, the amplification of image procossing noise etc. are joined by noise power
It is tied.Compared to the noise analysis approach based on spatial domain and frequency domain, have the characteristics that comprehensive and accurate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of step flow chart of the noise analysis approach based on full link in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, it is public to the present invention below in conjunction with attached drawing
Embodiment is described in further detail.
The invention discloses a kind of noise analysis approach based on full link, pass through the frequency domain scenery being introduced into imaging link
Statistical model, the frequency domain scenery statistical model are the frequency domain power spectral-density model of the scenery standard deviation with spatial domain, will be sub-
The frequency spectrum of sampling is converted into the signal amplitude size of spatial domain, so as to exist with other kinds of spatial domain noise Unified Model
Spatial domain is modeled, and obtains the power of noise.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of step flow chart of the noise analysis approach based on full link in the embodiment of the present invention is shown.
In the present embodiment, the noise analysis approach based on full link, including:
Step 101, the corresponding frequency domain scenery statistical model of image product generated with the full link of remotely sensed image is called.
In the present embodiment, the frequency domain scenery statistical model is:The frequency domain power of scenery standard deviation with spatial domain
Spectral-density model.Wherein, the expression formula of the frequency domain scenery statistical model can be:
Wherein, u, v represent the frequency on two-dimensional space direction respectively, and μ represents Mean spatial details, σLRepresent scenery standard
Difference.
Step 102, the frequency domain scenery statistical model is parsed, obtains being made an uproar with the sub-sampling that scenery standard deviation represents
Sound general power.
In the present embodiment, the step 102 can specifically include:Full link is passed through to the frequency domain scenery statistical model
MTF is transmitted;Scenery frequency spectrum after being transmitted to full link MTF carries out frequency spectrum duplication, obtains replicating spectrum;On the frequency axis with 2 times how
Qwest's frequency is translated for stepping to replicating spectrum, and carries out summation operation to the duplication spectrum after all translations, is obtained Asia and is adopted
Sample total frequency spectrum;Multiplying window is carried out to sub-sampling total frequency spectrum, takes the frequency spectrum between 0 to 1 times of nyquist frequency;After adding window
Frequency spectrum carries out integral operation, obtains the sub-sampling noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation.
Step 103, it according to pre-established scenery mean value and the relationship of scenery standard deviation, is dissipated what is represented with scenery mean value
Noise general power is played, is converted to the Johnson noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation.
In the present embodiment, the pre-established scenery mean value and the relationship of scenery standard deviation can be:
M=σL×D
Wherein, M represents scenery mean value, σLRepresent scenery standard deviation, D represents normalization scenery mean value.
The Johnson noise general power represented with scenery mean value can be used Poisson distribution and model to obtain.
Step 104, the sub-sampling noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation is used into scenery standard deviation with described
The sum of Johnson noise general power of expression, as the first noise general power.
In the present embodiment, sub-sampling noise general power and Johnson noise general power are represented with scenery standard deviation,
Therefore, it can directly described be represented to the sub-sampling noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation and with scenery standard deviation
Johnson noise general power carry out sum operation.
Step 105, based on the first noise general power, the noise analysis of full link is carried out, obtains analysis result.
In the present embodiment, the first noise general power can be directly based upon, the noise analysis of full link is carried out, obtains
Analysis result, to determine main noise source.For example, if main noise source is sub-sampling noise, imaging link transmission characteristic is carried out
Optimization.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, quantizing noise general power can also be obtained;By the first noise total work
The sum of rate and the quantizing noise general power, as the second noise general power;Based on the second noise general power, full chain is carried out
The noise analysis on road, obtains analysis result.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, detector and circuit noise general power can also be obtained;By described second
Noise general power and the sum of the detector and circuit noise general power, as third noise general power;It is made an uproar based on the third
Sound general power carries out the noise analysis of full link, obtains analysis result.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, image procossing noise amplification factor can also be obtained;The third is made an uproar
Sound general power and the product of described image processing noise amplification factor, as the 4th noise general power;It is total based on the 4th noise
Power carries out the noise analysis of full link, obtains analysis result.
Wherein, a kind of noise analysis of full link, the feasible pattern for obtaining analysis result are as follows:By the first noise general power
(or the second noise general power or third noise general power or the 4th noise general power) is compared with pre-set user requirements;
Described in if the first noise general power (or the second noise general power or third noise general power or the 4th noise general power) meets
Pre-set user requirements, then terminate;If the first noise general power (or the second noise general power or third noise general power or
Four noise general powers) be unsatisfactory for the pre-set user requirements, then according to the first noise general power (or the second noise general power,
Or third noise general power or the 4th noise general power) comparison result with pre-set user requirements, determine main noise source.
For example, if quantizing noise is major influence factors, increase quantization digit;If sub-sampling noise account for it is main influence because
Element then optimizes imaging link transmission characteristic;If detector and circuit noise account for major influence factors, circuit is carried out
Optimization design, until result meets user's requirement.
Wherein, it should be noted that:
Quantizing noise, which can be used, to be uniformly distributed to model, quantization digit N, and detector saturation output electron number is Se, then measures
Change noise general power
Detector and circuit noise are modeled using white noise, and RMS (the Root Mean of noise are obtained by measuring
Square, root mean square) voltage value V, with the voltage electronic conversion coefficient CCE of detector, it is converted to electron number noise power Pe=
(V*CCE)2;
Image procossing noise amplification factor is the quadratic sum of image procossing convolution kernel;
With the noise item that power information characterizes, in the case of uncorrelated, each noise item can be directly added.
In conclusion the analysis of the invention by including the full link of scenery statistical property to aerospace optical remote sensing camera,
With reference to the model of various noises, the power of various noises can be obtained, so as to obtain each noise proportion, completion index system
Shortcoming.Secondly, the noise analysis approach of the present invention based on full link counts mould by introducing frequency domain scenery
Sub-sampling noise, Johnson noise, quantizing noise, detector and circuit noise, the amplification of image procossing noise etc. are passed through noise by type
Power links together.Compared to the noise analysis approach based on spatial domain and frequency domain, have the characteristics that comprehensive and accurate.
Each embodiment in this explanation is described by the way of progressive, the highlights of each of the examples are with its
The difference of his embodiment, just to refer each other for identical similar part between each embodiment.
The above, best specific embodiment only of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
The content not being described in detail in description of the invention belongs to the known technology of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of noise analysis approach based on full link, which is characterized in that including:
Call the corresponding frequency domain scenery statistical model of image product generated with the full link of remotely sensed image;
The frequency domain scenery statistical model is parsed, obtains the sub-sampling noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation;
According to pre-established scenery mean value and the relationship of scenery standard deviation, the Johnson noise total work that will be represented with scenery mean value
Rate is converted to the Johnson noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation;
The sub-sampling noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation is made an uproar with the shot represented with scenery standard deviation
The sum of sound general power, as the first noise general power;
Based on the first noise general power, the noise analysis of full link is carried out, obtains analysis result.
2. the noise analysis approach according to claim 1 based on full link, which is characterized in that the frequency domain scenery statistics
Model is:The frequency domain power spectral-density model of scenery standard deviation with spatial domain.
3. the noise analysis approach according to claim 1 or 2 based on full link, which is characterized in that the frequency domain scenery
The expression formula of statistical model is:
Wherein, u, v represent the frequency on two-dimensional space direction respectively, and μ represents Mean spatial details, σLRepresent scenery standard deviation.
4. the noise analysis approach according to claim 1 based on full link, which is characterized in that described to the frequency domain scape
Object statistical model is parsed, and obtains the sub-sampling noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation, including:
The frequency domain scenery statistical model is transmitted by full link MTF;
Scenery frequency spectrum after being transmitted to full link MTF carries out frequency spectrum duplication, obtains replicating spectrum;
It is translated on the frequency axis using 2 times of nyquist frequencies as stepping to replicating spectrum, and the duplication after all translations is composed
Summation operation is carried out, obtains sub-sampling total frequency spectrum;
Multiplying window is carried out to sub-sampling total frequency spectrum, takes the frequency spectrum between 0 to 1 times of nyquist frequency;
Integral operation is carried out to the frequency spectrum after adding window, obtains the sub-sampling noise general power represented with scenery standard deviation.
5. the noise analysis approach according to claim 1 based on full link, which is characterized in that the pre-established scenery
Mean value and the relationship of scenery standard deviation are:
M=σL×D
Wherein, M represents scenery mean value, σLRepresent scenery standard deviation, D represents normalization scenery mean value.
6. the noise analysis approach according to claim 1 based on full link, which is characterized in that further include:Using Poisson
Distribution modeling obtains the Johnson noise general power represented with scenery mean value.
7. the noise analysis approach according to claim 1 based on full link, which is characterized in that described to be based on described first
Noise general power carries out the noise analysis of full link, obtains analysis result, including:
Obtain quantizing noise general power;
By the sum of the first noise general power and the quantizing noise general power, as the second noise general power;
Based on the second noise general power, the noise analysis of full link is carried out, obtains analysis result.
8. the noise analysis approach according to claim 7 based on full link, which is characterized in that described to be based on described second
Noise general power carries out the noise analysis of full link, obtains analysis result, including:
Obtain detector and circuit noise general power;
By the second noise general power and the sum of the detector and circuit noise general power, as third noise general power;
Based on the third noise general power, the noise analysis of full link is carried out, obtains analysis result.
9. the noise analysis approach according to claim 8 based on full link, which is characterized in that described to be based on the third
Noise general power carries out the noise analysis of full link, obtains analysis result, including:
Obtain image procossing noise amplification factor;
The third noise general power and described image are handled to the product of noise amplification factor, as the 4th noise general power;
Based on the 4th noise general power, the noise analysis of full link is carried out, obtains analysis result.
10. the noise analysis approach according to claim 9 based on full link, which is characterized in that described based on described the
Four noise general powers, carry out the noise analysis of full link, obtain analysis result, including:
The 4th noise general power is compared with pre-set user requirements;
If the 4th noise general power meets the pre-set user requirements, terminate;If the 4th noise general power is not
Meet the pre-set user requirements, then according to the 4th noise general power and the comparison result of pre-set user requirements, determine master
Noise source.
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