CN108256249A - A kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges EFDC model integrated methods - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges EFDC model integrated methods, belong to informatization.The method comprising the steps of：Based on EFDC source codes, the module of model is packaged, is realized to the controllable of model file, the module includes EFDC input files, output file and to master control file；Interface service is provided to corresponding model calling function, for the assessment of reservoir area of Three Gorges water quality safety and early warning system realistic model use demand, by integration realization in information system to processing before and after model data, and calling model interface service, it is calculated to Model Transfer input parameter, startup and extracts result of calculation deposit model database；After integrated, model database becomes the core database of information system, is integrated with primary spatial data, topic space data and thematic data, realizes the model example Visualization based on GIS.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to informatizations, are related to a kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges EFDC model integrated methods.
Background technology
Since nineteen twenty-five Streeter and Phelps propose BOD-DO water quality models, the basic research of water quality model
Since very big development, especially the 1970s are all achieved with application study, the water quality control of mathematical model foundation is passed through
Equation processed more can meticulously describe defeated shifting and conversion of the pollutant in water body, such as popular WASP models, QUAL models,
QUASAR models, MIKE models and EFDC models.
Wherein, EFDC models are subsidized by US Gov Env Protection Agency, Virginia, USA institute of oceanography
Hamrick is developed, and the model that the power plant module that catchments, silt module, Contaminants Transport module and water quality module are integrated can be used for
Including lake, reservoir, bay, wetland river mouth and immediate offshore area is one-dimensional, two and three dimensions numerical simulation.
With the introduction of the poster processing soft before various commercializations and the continuous improvement of practitioner's computer level, EFDC moulds
Type is gradually applied to the water of the multiple regions such as the Changjiang river, the Yellow River, the mouth of the Zhujiang River, Bay in Shenzhen, Taihu Lake, Dian Chi, Ertan reservoir at home
Stream, silt and water quality research topic water quality models are a kind of mathematical models, have advantage in numerical simulation and on calculating, but
Limited is in order to improve the prediction of water quality model, simulation in data management and maintenance, analog result performance and spatial analysis capacity
Ability and ease for use have been gradually appeared environmental model the research tendency researcher of water quality model and integration of information system
It is divided into independent utility, loose couplings, close-coupled and fully-integrated 4 class with GIS integration modes, close-coupled requires to reach nobody
The bi-directional data automatic access of model and GIS under work intervention, it is fully-integrated, it is required that model be completely integrated in generalized information system into
For a submodule, the application efficiency of water quality model is not only improved, has also given full play to the function of GIS spatial analysis.GIS and water
Matter model integrated is in cases such as Xiamen sea area water quality management, Suzhou Creek in Shanghai simulation of water quality, Jiangsu Province's environmental capacity of water management
In be achieved and use.EFDC models are due to the features such as its is powerful, open source, in recent years in water quality model collection
It is received significant attention into research.Wherein, Jia Peng etc. has studied integrated in water environmental management information system of EFDC models and opens
Hair, it is indicated that the key of EFDC model integrateds to water environmental management information system is how to build the number of suitable information system circulation
It is optimized according to stream, and by EFDC master control file data structures, recycles and turn in order to be realized in web application
It changes.Jia Haifeng etc. has inquired into Environmental Decision Support System Study (EDSS) application of complex model with integrated, using Miyun Reservoir as case
Example establishes Miyun Reservoir hydrodynamic force-water Quality Coupling Model computational service based on EFDC, WASP, for the letter of decision-making management demand
Change model parameter, realize the continuous analog of long-term sequence and the scenario analysis of water environment management.
However, though a large amount of spies are at home and abroad carried out by the water quality model of representative and the integrated of information system of EFDC
Rope, but there are still many bottlenecks：1. from model on the spot using for angle, locally domestication is complicated for model.Different rivers have respectively
River grid and boundary condition, the diffusion model of river pollution needs targetedly to customize, research and develop and calibration, debugging domestication after
The simulation requirement in specific river could be met 2. for popularization and application, model is high using threshold.Model is related to the wide amount of data
Greatly, data cannot collect in the short time, and model parameter is more, setting is complicated, model testing and Parameter Sensitivity Analysis work
Amount is big, and the process of parameter testing calibration is not easy the person's of being managed grasp, and it is inadequate to promote degree.3. from the point of view of Integrated Simulation angle, it is
System is low with Model coupling degree.System is different from model data structures, and isomeric data synchronous efficiency is not high, and data exchange is difficult；Mould
Type interface disunity communicates, integrated difficulty between system and model, model and model；System and the organic assembling of model need profession
Software developer and model expert work closely, and mutually learn and differentiate the friendship of the data structure of plateform system, model parameter
Mutual form and method of calling are grasped and can to update the difficulty such as source code higher.4. for decision timeliness, model is drilled
Time-consuming for calculation.The particularly multicellular calculating in the long section of large scale, time-consuming with GIS Visualizations for model calculating, it is impossible to full
Sufficient decision-making management needs, and mostly can not implementation model online on-line operation, need manual intervention implementation model and system
Between data interaction；It also needs to solve the technical bottlenecks such as simulation precision and efficiency contradiction simultaneously.5. for running environment, calculate
Resource requirement is high.With simulated object become more meticulous degree improve, the conversion of shot and long term forecast demand with it is changeable, calculate spatial and temporal scales
It widens, computing resource is required higher and higher, general management mechanism is difficult to bear software and hardware and purchases and maintenance cost.In addition it is adjoint
Raising of the administrative decision to real-time, multi-scheme scenario analysis requirement, traditional calculations pattern are difficult in adapt to multi-user and synchronize online
It is simultaneously and rapidly simulated with multi-scheme and comparative analysis.
To sum up, model how is reduced using threshold, raising computational efficiency realizes the businessization operation of Professional Model software,
Not only strengthen the predictions and simulations ability of water management information system, but also the universality of model can be improved, and facilitate general technology
Personnel, administrative staff and policymaker use, for the integrated very crucial of EFDC models and water quality management information management system.It should
Invention is sealed under the information system platform for the reservoir area of Three Gorges EFDC hydrodynamic force water quality cumulative bad prediction models built
Dress and integrated, the model encapsulation integrated technology side of a set of covering " model encapsulation-interface service-system integration " overall process of formation
Method, and be integrated in the Demonstration Platform, the businessization operation of implementation model realizes convenient, efficient water quality prediction forecast, is three
Gorge reservoir area water environment safety ensures that providing practical aid decision supports, refers to for correlative study providing method.
Invention content
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges EFDC model integrated methods.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides following technical solution：
A kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges EFDC model integrated methods, include the following steps：
S1：Model encapsulation：Based on EFDC source codes, the module of model is packaged, is realized to the controllable of model file,
The module includes EFDC input files, output file and to master control file；
S2：Model interface service：Calculating is externally provided for implementation model package file, corresponding model calling function is provided
Interface service, for the assessment of reservoir area of Three Gorges water quality safety and early warning system realistic model use demand, model interface service includes
Scene setting, model selection, Model Condition setting, model parameter setting, model calculating starts and call by result；
S3：The system integration：By integration realization in information system to processing before and after model data, and calling model connects
Oral business calculates to Model Transfer input parameter, startup and extracts result of calculation deposit model database；After integrated, pattern number
It according to the core database that Kucheng is information system, is integrated with primary spatial data, topic space data and thematic data, realizes base
In the model example Visualization of GIS.
Further, the primary spatial data includes river topography data, and the topic space data include sewage draining exit position
It puts, pollute source position, monitoring section and drinking water source position, the thematic data includes disposal of pollutants, water quality monitoring, sensitivity
Receptor assays and social economy.
Further, the model parameter includes that parameter, adjustable parameter and default parameters three classes must be adjusted：
Wherein, the parameter that must be set when parameter must be adjusted to create example for user, the simulation beginning and ending time including example, row
The time series of dirty mouth flow and pollutant concentration；
Adjustable parameter is the parameter adjusted according to situation, and the network of waterways including river, river bed gradient, roughness coefficien, storage flow
It measures, go out reservoir level and contaminant degradation coefficient；Over a period to come, do not occur under great geography, landforms, meteorological situation of change,
The network of waterways, river bed gradient and the roughness coefficien in river change little, only related with prediction section position, reservoir inflow and hydrologic condition
It is related with the water phase, go out that reservoir level is related with water phase and Three Gorges Reservoir scheduling mode, and contaminant degradation coefficient is related with pollution factor,
Once building ripe local algorithm example, adjustable parameter just establishes correspondence with all kinds of conditions, will be under different condition
Preset parameter is put in storage, and is called as the initial value that model calculates for model, user optionally directly invokes or changes；
Default parameters is the parameter insensitive to predictably water quality, including wind speed, wind in addition to it must adjust parameter and adjustable parameter
To and temperature, carried out in ripe example calibration debugging, directly invoked in model integrated；
Basic data it is relatively simple, it is pressed for time when, model parameter is reduced to that parameter must be adjusted；In the sufficient full and accurate item of data
Under part, model parameter is reduced to that parameter and adjustable parameter must be adjusted；For being used in model integrated in application, both meeting water environment management
Family fast prediction demand, and meet the full and accurate simulation demand under the conditions of case.
Further, the step S1 is specially：
S101：Input file encapsulates：Input file includes space terrain data file, time series data file and model
Parameter data file；When encapsulating input parameter file, different assembly strategies are provided for parameter type, parameter must be adjusted for real
It now sets, be multiplexed, modification function；Adjustable parameter is used under the premise of instance parameter parsing storage, realize to preset parameter library
Calling and modification；Default parameters need to only cure calling, it is not necessary to modify；In water management information system, model start-up parameter
Type includes water level boundary condition, generalization point parameter, hydrodynamic model parameter and water quality model parameter；Corresponding setting purpose packet
Determining model calculation primary condition is included, setting waste outlets position determines hydrodynamic simulation budget input parameter, roughness system
Number, determines simulation of water quality operation input parameter, including pollution factor, pollutant concentration time series, degradation coefficient；Corresponding tune
It is EFDC.inp and pser.inp with file, EFDC.inp, pser.inp, dser.inp, qser.inp, pser.inp,
Dxdy.inp and dser.inp, dye.inp, EFDC.inp；
S102：Master control file encapsulates：Whether master control file includes function activation certain to model, data scale, open boundary
The setting of output variable, data result output frequency and simulated time range is selected in position, model result, to model master control text
Part encapsulation needs to optimize the master control file of main program EFDC.inp, feedback result of calculation mark, according to different river nets
Lattice type, parameter type difference calling model master control file, different type model running text is realized using multithreading
The independent of part calls, parallel to run, and is independent of each other；
S103：Output file parsing storage：Output file is used to store the result of calculation value of output variable under Spatial dimensionality
And related intermediate variable end value, generation is included into depth of water parameter EE_WC.OUT, three-dimensional flow field EE_ after modeling
The surface layer information EE_WS.OUT of VEL.OUT, water body result and sediment bed, 3 destination files are exported by analytic modell analytical model and tied
Fruit file extracts result data, is stored in SQL database.
Further, the step S2 is specially：By establishing model interface service, establish EFDC models and call specification, completely
Sufficient different information systems are whole according to Interface integration so as to solve the problems, such as that model is not open, repeatability is not high to the calling of model
Body design framework using Web Service technologies, realizes the calling to model with front-end interface, including being set to scene, model
Selection, Model Condition setting, model parameter setting, model calculates startup, Model Results call 6 class services, will entirely simulate
Journey splits into multiple portions, per part stand-alone development into a step, i.e. interface, only calls corresponding step interface, i.e. completion pair
It should partly work.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) computational efficiency is improved, realizes the business of Professional Model software using threshold present invention reduces model
Operation, had not only enhanced the predictions and simulations ability of water management information system, but also improve the universality of model, and had facilitated one
As technical staff, administrative staff and policymaker use, the invention is for the collection of EFDC models and water quality management information management system
Into very crucial, it is packaged and integrates for the reservoir area of Three Gorges EFDC hydrodynamic force water quality cumulative bad prediction models built, shape
Into the model encapsulation integrated technology method of a set of covering " model encapsulation-interface service-system integration " overall process, and can integrate
In the assessment of reservoir area of Three Gorges water quality safety and early warning Demonstration Platform, convenient, efficient water is realized in the businessization operation of implementation model
Matter prediction provides practical aid decision for Water Environment of Three Gorges safety guarantee and supports, is correlative study providing method
With reference to.
(2) present invention carries out parameter according to the frequency of influence size and user's adjusting parameter of the parameter adjustment to prediction result
Identification with reference to the parsing of reservoir area of Three Gorges hydrodynamic force water quality model example, is established according to " must adjusting parameter, adjustable parameter, acquiescence ginseng
Number " classification assembly strategy.This strategy is followed, is established under reservoir area of Three Gorges difference section, Different water period, different reservoir regulation modes
3 sets of preset model parameter libraries, and realize the parameter predigesting of model.By parameter predigesting, it is by original 20 multiclass parameter predigesting
It simulates the beginning and ending time, the 3 class parameter of time series of flow, concentration at sewage draining exit so as to reduce parameter setting threshold, improves
EFDC parameter setting efficiency in reservoir area of Three Gorges super-huge reservoirs river, improves EFDC models in water environment management
Using.
(3) present invention establishes the model integrated interface service based on Web services and shape using semi-close mode
Into interface specification, reduce model and call difficulty, model for arbitrary information system can be provided calculate and service, and realize it is online
Line operation, quality in watershed security evaluation and early warning system using reservoir area of Three Gorges as case area demonstrate the technology operability and
Practicability, popularization and multiplexing to instantiate model provide solution.
(4) present invention is established for the assessment of Three-Gorges Valley water quality safety with integrating application demand in early warning system
The multiple business scene of management and control is polluted in basin, and the core parameter that model needs is embodied in the form of scene to management user, optimization
The forward and backward processing function of model realizes full reservoir area mainstream and fork CODCr, total phosphorus, the pollution factors such as total nitrogen long-time
The online on-line operation of sequence hydrodynamic force water quality prediction, meet the low modification amount of user, high operation efficiency, good user experience it is tired
Product property water quality impact prediction and warning demand directly serves in water environment management for Professional Model achievement in research and provides solution think of
Road.
A) basis that preset instantiation model is model simplification and businessization is run, the model of Case-based Reasoning model foundation
Preset parameter library can effectively support the model parameter in survey region to simplify, quick obtaining basic data, improve model debugging effect
Rate.
B) parameter predigesting can be realized with packaging method of classifying by being identified according to parameter.By model and parameters identification for " must adjust parameter,
3 class of adjustable parameter, default parameters ", and it is literary to different types of input file, output file and master control using B/S frameworks with this
Part carries out classification encapsulation, realizes parameter predigesting, effectively reduces customer parameter modification amount, lays the foundation for model with the system integration.
C) the EFDC model integrated interface services based on Web services established using semi-close mode, and establish
Model service interface specification, the model that general EFDC can be provided for information system calculate service.
D) with the model encapsulation integrated technology method of " model encapsulation-interface service-system integration " overall process, EFDC moulds
Type obtains integrated and verification in the assessment of Three-Gorges Valley water quality safety and early warning system, parses case section model example, shape
Model preset parameter library under different sections, Different water period, different reservoir regulation modes, and system combination regulatory requirement is with water
It pollutes management and control scene and embodies parameter predigesting, the forward and backward processing function of Optimized model realizes full reservoir area mainstream and fork
The online on-line operation of long-term sequence hydrodynamic force water quality prediction of the pollution factors such as CODCr, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, meets user and exists
The demands such as low modification amount, high operation efficiency and good user experience in cumulative bad water quality impact prediction and warning.
Description of the drawings
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and advantageous effect clearer, the present invention provides drawings described below and carries out
Explanation：
Fig. 1 is EFDC model integrated overall frameworks；
Fig. 2 is scene setting procedure.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Reservoir area of Three Gorges is the important ecological protective screen of the Yangtze river basin and national wa- ter resources strategy warehouse, is the super-huge of China
Reservoir.Reservoir area of Three Gorges is located in the engaging portion in the Sichuan Basin and middle and lower reach of Yangtze River Plain, across Hubei Province Zhongshan District valley Ji Chuandong ridges paddy
Area belongs to moistening subtropical monsoon climate, and Three Gorges Reservoir Yangtze River is from Jiangjin, Chongqing to Yichang San Douping reservoir areas overall length 660km
More than, reservoir area range includes Chongqing City, Gong26Ge counties of Hubei Province, the gross area about 7.9 × 104km2, reservoir surface area 1084km2, three
During the reservoir 175m high water level operation of gorge, aggregate storage capacity is about 393 × 108m3.Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing is about 560km, accounts for reservoir area Zong Ku
More than 80% hold.The domestic drainage area in Chongqing is more than 500km2Secondary Zhi Heliu 39, except Chengkou County appoint river import Han River, the tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches
Yang Xian, Xiushan Mountain county You Shui are imported outside Dongting Lake System, and the overwhelming majority imports reservoir area of Three Gorges.Storage Average Annual Runoff 2692 ×
108m3, outbound Average Annual Runoff 4292 × 108m3, 79% annual runoff concentrates on flood season (5-October).Cut-off 2016
The end of the year, Three Gorges Region in Chongqing have more than 8 × 10 within the border4Family's industrial pollution source, key industrial enterprise build up water harnessing facility about
1900 sets, 60 wastewater reuse approach facilities of city-level industrial park 54；Municipal sewage plant 61, small towns sewage disposal is set
Apply 1237；Livestock and poultry farms in scale more than 5000.
1.1 model integrated overall frameworks
It is realized in water management information system to EFDC according to the step of model encapsulation, model interface service, the system integration
Model integrates, and model integrated general technological system is as shown in Figure 1.
A) model encapsulation：Based on EFDC source codes, the modules of model are packaged, it is main to include inputting EFDC
File, output file encapsulate and master control file are encapsulated and is transformed, and realize the controllability to model file.
B) model interface service：Calculating is externally provided for implementation model package file, corresponding model calling function need to be carried
For interface service, for the assessment of reservoir area of Three Gorges water quality safety and early warning system realistic model use demand, model interface services package
Include the 6 class services such as scene setting, model selection, Model Condition setting, model parameter setting, model calculating startup, call by result.
C) system integration：By integration realization in information system to processing before and after model data, and calling model connects
Oral business calculates to Model Transfer input parameter, startup and extracts result of calculation deposit model database.After integrated, pattern number
According to the core database that Kucheng is information system, with primary spatial data (such as river topography), topic space data (such as sewage draining exit
Position, pollution source position, monitoring section, drinking water source position) and thematic data (such as disposal of pollutants, water quality monitoring, sensitive receptor 1
Body monitoring, social economy etc.) it integrates, realize the model example Visualization based on GIS.
1.2 parameters are identified and are simplified
Professional Model parameter is more, and setting is complicated, and time-consuming for parameter setting tuning, and it is daily can not to meet water environment management personnel
Management work needs.How the simplified model parameter basis that be model integrate with management information system, be professional water quality model industry
The key of businessization operation.Parameter needed for EFDC models mainly includes river grid, boundary condition, river bed gradient, roughness coefficien, enters
River pollution concentration, pollution sources enter river amount and concentration, predicted time, output parameter setting etc..Parameter adjustment is considered to prediction
As a result influence size and the frequency of user's adjusting parameter, model parameter, which is divided into, must adjust parameter, adjustable parameter, default parameters
3 classes：
A) parameter must be adjusted：The parameter that user must set when creating example, the simulation beginning and ending time including example, sewage draining exit
The time series of flow and pollutant concentration.
B) adjustable parameter：The parameter that can according to circumstances adjust, the network of waterways including river, roughness coefficien, enter river bed gradient
Library flow goes out reservoir level, contaminant degradation coefficient etc..Since great geography, landforms, meteorological change over a period to come, not occurring
In the case of change, the variations such as the network of waterways, river bed gradient, the roughness coefficien in river are little, only related with prediction section position.Reservoir inflow
And hydrologic condition is related with the water phase, it is related with water phase and Three Gorges Reservoir scheduling mode to go out reservoir level, contaminant degradation coefficient with it is dirty
It contaminates factor-related.Once the local algorithm example of a set of maturation of structure, this kind of parameter just establish correspondence with all kinds of conditions,
It is parsed by model instance, the preset parameter under different condition is put in storage, called, use for model as the initial value that model calculates
Family optionally can directly invoke or change.
C) default parameters：In addition to above 2 class parameter, the parameter insensitive to predictably water quality, such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature
Parameter etc. is ready for calibration debugging in ripe example, need to only be directly invoked in model integrated.
Basic data it is relatively simple, it is pressed for time when, parameter setting is reduced to that parameter must be adjusted；In the sufficient full and accurate item of data
Under part, parameter predigesting is must adjust parameter and adjustable parameter.In this way, in model integrated in application, water environment management use can be met
Family fast prediction demand, and the full and accurate simulation demand under the conditions of case can be met.
1.3 category of model encapsulation technologies
EFDC model codes are write using structured language Fortran, and file stream includes input file, master control file and defeated
Go out 3 part of file.According to model integrated overall framework, by the EFDC model encapsulations of increasing income under C/S frameworks for B/S frameworks, realize
Reading and encapsulation to input file, master control file and output file.It is specific as follows：
A) input file encapsulates.Input file includes space terrain data file, time series data file, model parameter
Data file.When encapsulating input parameter file, different assembly strategies are provided for parameter type.It must adjust parameter that need to realize to set
It puts, be multiplexed, modification function；Adjustable parameter need to meet the calling to preset parameter library under the premise of instance parameter parses storage
And modification；Default parameters need to only cure calling, it is not necessary to modify.In water management information system, model start-up parameter class
Type, setting purpose and calling file are shown in Table 1.
The calling file used in 1 EFDC model encapsulations of table
B) master control file encapsulates.Whether master control file mainly includes function activation certain to model, data scale, open boundary
The setting of the parameters such as output variable, data result output frequency, simulated time range is selected in position, model result.To model
Master control file encapsulation needs to optimize the master control file of main program EFDC.inp, feedback result of calculation mark.According to difference
River trellis-type, parameter type difference calling model master control file, different type model is realized using multithreading
The independent of operating file calls, parallel to run, and is independent of each other.
C) output file parsing storage.Output file is mainly used for storing the result of calculation of output variable under Spatial dimensionality
Value and related intermediate variable end value.It will generation EE_WC.OUT (including depth of water parameter), EE_VEL.OUT after modeling
(including three-dimensional flow field), EE_WS.OUT (surface layer information of water body result and sediment bed contains level-one degradation water quality result) 3
A destination file exports destination file by analytic modell analytical model, extracts result data, is stored in SQL database.
1.4 model calling interface services
By establishing model interface service, establish EFDC models and call specification, meet tune of the different information systems to model
With so as to solve the problems, such as that model is not open, repeatability is not high.According to Interface integration whole design and framework, use
WebService technologies realize the calling to model with front-end interface, main to include to scene setting, model selection, model item
Part setting, model parameter setting, model calculate 6 class services, the particular technique indexs such as startup, Model Results calling and are shown in Table 2.It will be whole
A simulation process splits into multiple portions, per part stand-alone development into a step (i.e. interface), only corresponding step need to be called to connect
Mouthful, you can complete corresponding part work.
2 EFDC model calling interface service regulations of table and method
1.5 systems and model integrated
Three Gorges Reservoir section is long, water is big, tributary is more, and Three Gorges Dam reservoir regulation mode is affected to reservoir level,
River mouth section backwater effect in tributary is apparent, and reservoir area water quality management requires easily set model in water management information system
Parameter, fast prediction go out the large scale water quality comparison of reservoir area mainstream and fork.For this reason, it may be necessary to establish a set of full reservoir area
Mainstream and the water quality hydrodynamic model example of fork.Secondly, model instance is localized, on the one hand uses and build DEM before library
Extraction obtains terrain elevation data under urban river water, and the river grid of model partition is superimposed with the conversion of information system figure layer, real
Existing spatial data localization, meets the requirement of contamination accident space orientation and model calculating, on the other hand, should also be by model instance
In parameter extracting parsing, formed different condition under preset parameter library, by preset parameter realize parameter predigesting, so as to solve
Basic data when contamination accident occurs collects that difficult, model local training is complicated and parameter setting the problem of time-consuming.To carry
Computationally efficient, model upper river use one-dimensional grid, and downstream reservoir area uses two-dimensional grid, and full reservoir area grid sum is 2000
Remaining, 54 input boundaries (containing tributary and Pai Kou) are preset, enters river as pollutant and generally changes a little, and carried out using 2010 annual datas
Model parameter is calibrated, it is ensured that simulation accuracy.For this Model coupling is integrated in the assessment of Three-Gorges Valley water quality safety and early warning
In system, according to 1.1~1.4 section Principle Methods, secondary development is carried out to EFDC models using java language and encapsulation collects
Into establishing model database using SQL Server 2008, and assess to Three-Gorges Valley water quality safety and carried with early warning system
For model calling interface service.In the Three-Gorges Valley water quality safety assessment of structure and early warning system, based on EFDC models
Integrated, with reference to GIS technology and .net technologies, which is applied in water quality grade prediction and warning function module, real
Front and rear processing, parameter setting and the prediction result management of model are showed.The system is using pictorial statement, icon legend, tables of data
The models such as lattice, time shaft animation mode expression grid water level, flow, pollution concentration value calculate data result；And with reference to surface water
The spatial datas such as monitoring, all kinds of pollution sources of paddling (such as industrial enterprise, sewage treatment plant), risk source, potable water source district are superimposed,
Offer is before and after mark transformation is landed, increases sewage treatment plant or reorganization and expansion newly and proposed to major project or garden, refuse treatment engineering reality
Under the conditions of applying all kinds of scenes such as front and rear, industrial enterprise's emission reduction is front and rear, small watershed regulation, upland water situation, pollutant in basin
Simulation of the accumulative risk to water environmental impact caused by entering river amount variation.
Model pre-treatment
By the pretreatment function of friendly system interface implementation model in the system, including scene setting, model selection, mould
Type condition setting etc. by the function at these interfaces, realizes the configuration in preset parameter library under different condition, and system background is automatic
It is converted into the data for meeting form needed for the calculating of EFDC models.
A) scene is set.It is real with being answered in early warning system, in integration of information system in the assessment of Three-Gorges Valley water quality safety
Existing scene setting function includes：1. scenario type selects.With reference to the water prevention and cure of pollution such as national " ten, water ", Chongqing " ten, water "
Regulatory requirement, the quality of water environment brought around administration behaviours such as Control Measures for Water Pollution influence, and there is provided enterprises to subtract for the system
The multiple business scene such as row, drainage basin fader, sewage disposal, garbage disposal, environment access, water influence, self-defined.Each scene
It is configured for different business scenarios, core parameter can be automatically converted to model and calculate required measurement unit and tray
Formula.2. example behavior operates.Determine newly-increased example, modification example and the example behavior for deleting example.Scene setting procedure is shown in figure
2。
B) model selects.Preference pattern type is divided into hydrodynamic force, water quality model.
C) Model Condition is set.1. trellis-type, including main city zone section, Peng Xi sections, the full reservoir area in Three Gorges.2. it determines or repaiies
Change example title.3. set or check that GIS generally changes point (determine pollutant enters river position).4. determine reservoir regulation mode：
The water storage phase sluices phase, run at high level phase, low level runtime.5. determine prediction pollution factor：CODcr, total phosphorus, total nitrogen.
Model parameter is set
Parameter setting result can be passed to model interface service by system model parameter setting function, through model interface service
It is converted to the identifiable file format of model and passes to model.According to 1.2 section parametric classification principles, core is also set in case study
Heart parameter, non-core parameter, general parameters call 3 classes.
Model core parameter setting：Including wastewater discharge time series, pollutant concentration time series, predicted time section
Deng.
Non-core parameter setting modification：Non-core parameter is set, realize different river sections, Different water period, different scheduling mode,
The non-core parameter call of different pollutants, user can use this kind of preset parameter directly to be calculated as initial value, can basis
Actual conditions are configured and change to such parameter, to obtain more accurately prediction result.
General parameters：Without setting, directly participate in calculating using the parameter value for having built model.
Model post-processes
The model calculation is realized that prediction result is expressed in generalized information system.According to GB3838-2002《Surface water environment
Quality standard》, the pollutant concentration value of model prediction by water quality classification is rendered, by numerical computations, expresses contaminated zone
Migration and the process of diffusion, it is dense to obtain the space-time dynamic evolving trend of pollutant long-term sequence and each grid in the full basin in reservoir area
Spend time trend.Based on reservoir area basic data resource construction, sensitive downstream receptor figure layer is superimposed, contaminated zone is counted and passes through
Pollutant concentration and change procedure during sensitive receptors, and by concentration curve, the intuitive cumulative risk in upstream of expressing is under
Swim duration, the influence degree of sensitive receptors.In addition, being compared by the different model results under two sets of same scenes, obtain
The evolving trend of pollutant under different predicted conditions, convenient for the more different pollutant management and control measures of water environment management person to environment
It influences, the scientific and effective control pollution of aid decision person improves environmental quality.
Predict example management
Predict example management includes the scene setting of every suit example, types of models, Model Condition are set, parameter setting and
Prediction result such as imports, checks, demonstrating, deleting at the functions, and realizes and the calling of example prediction result, rendering, example parameter are led
Enter the functions such as the comparison of multiplexing and arameter optimization and two sets of example prediction results.
1.6 cases are illustrated
It is disposed according to Water Pollution in Chongqing City prevention, treatment and management, mating pollution sources management and control has been planned for water body not up to standard
Measure.Wherein, enterprise's emission reduction engineering is that behave is administered in a management and control for industrial pollution source.Accordingly, it is flowed in reservoir area of Three Gorges
Domain water quality safety assessment is in early warning system, by taking enterprise's emission reduction scene as an example, calling service using model encapsulation, interface and integrating
Technology is realized and the simulation and visualization that change of water quality before and after certain chemical enterprise emission reduction influences is expressed.With Zhu Tuo, Bei Bei, gong hawk
What section represented the Changjiang river, Jia Lingjiang River and the Wujiang River respectively enters boundary condition.Upstream enter boundary, under swim out of boundary and each tributary storage stream
Amount and concentration directly invoke preset parameter library data, do not make an amendment.Present case is only to discharge of wastewater before and after the chemical enterprise emission reduction
Amount and concentration of emission do corresponding setting.
1.7 case results are shown
By online online calculating, prediction result is generated and in the assessment of Three-Gorges Valley water quality safety and early warning system
It is shown.It is rendered by GIS, foundation《GB3838—2002》, to the pollutant concentration value of model prediction by water quality classification into
Row renders, and by numerical computations, the process of the migration of expression contaminated zone and diffusion obtains pollutant long-time sequence in the full basin in reservoir area
The space-time dynamic evolving trend of row and each grid concentration-time variation tendency, and to prediction result carry out concentration render and it is exceeded pre-
It is alert.Based on reservoir area basic data resource construction, sensitive downstream receptor figure layer is superimposed, is counted when contaminated zone passes through sensitive receptors
Pollutant concentration and change procedure, and by concentration curve, the intuitive cumulative risk in upstream of expressing is to sensitive downstream receptor
Duration, influence degree.Pollutant concentration is can be seen that along river direction from specific displaying result, and trip gradually downward is expanded
It dissipates, while each tributary has pollution recharge and influences.In addition, set by pollutant discharge amount before and after enterprise's emission reduction engineering construction,
The evolving trend of pollutant before and after enterprise's emission reduction is obtained, and two sets of result of calculations are compared in systems, alignments packet
Certain predicted time point main stream of the Yangtze is included along the influence of journey change of water quality and network of waterways arbitrary mess ρ (CODCr) time change situation ratio
Compared with.It can obtain, after enterprise performs emission reduction plan, pollutant is substantially cut down, notable to downstream water quality improvement.Scenario is predicted
Comparative result more can scientifically obtain influence of the different pollutant management and control measures to environment, Evaluation Environment risk, aid decision person
Scientific and effective control pollution, improves environmental quality.Empirical tests, under EFDC model encapsulation integrated technology methods, EFDC models are calculated
Example can be integrated in well in Water Environment of Three Gorges risk assessment and early warning system, and easily realizes operational use field
The sunykatuib analysis of scape.
Finally illustrate, more than case be preferably implemented be merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted, although
The present invention is described in detail by above preferred embodiment, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, can be with
Various changes are made to it in the form and details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. reservoir area of Three Gorges EFDC model integrated methods, it is characterised in that：This method includes the following steps：S1：Model encapsulation：Based on EFDC source codes, the module of model is packaged, is realized to the controllable of model file, it is described Module includes EFDC input files, output file and to master control file；S2：Model interface service：Calculating is externally provided for implementation model package file, interface is provided to corresponding model calling function Service, for the assessment of reservoir area of Three Gorges water quality safety and early warning system realistic model use demand, model interface service includes scene Setting, model selection, Model Condition setting, model parameter setting, model calculating starts and call by result；S3：The system integration：By integration realization in information system to processing before and after model data, and calling model interface takes Business calculates to Model Transfer input parameter, startup and extracts result of calculation deposit model database；After integrated, model database It as the core database of information system, is integrated with primary spatial data, topic space data and thematic data, realization is based on The model example Visualization of GIS.
- 2. a kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges EFDC model integrated methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The basic space Data include river topography data, and the topic space data include Location for Sewage, pollution source position, monitoring section and drink Water source position, the thematic data include disposal of pollutants, water quality monitoring, sensitive receptors monitoring and social economy.
- 3. a kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges EFDC model integrated methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The model parameter Including parameter, adjustable parameter and default parameters three classes must be adjusted：Wherein, the parameter that must be set when parameter must be adjusted to create example for user, the simulation beginning and ending time including example, sewage draining exit The time series of flow and pollutant concentration；Adjustable parameter is the parameter adjusted according to situation, and the network of waterways including river, roughness coefficien, reservoir inflow, goes out river bed gradient Reservoir level and contaminant degradation coefficient；Over a period to come, do not occur under great geography, landforms, meteorological situation of change, river The network of waterways, river bed gradient and roughness coefficien variation are little, only related with prediction section position, reservoir inflow and hydrologic condition and water phase It is related, go out that reservoir level is related with water phase and Three Gorges Reservoir scheduling mode, and contaminant degradation coefficient is related with pollution factor, once structure Ripe local algorithm example is built up, adjustable parameter just establishes correspondence with all kinds of conditions, and the parameter under different condition is pre- Library is placed in, is called as the initial value that model calculates for model, user optionally directly invokes or changes；Default parameters be in addition to it must adjust parameter and adjustable parameter, the parameter insensitive to predictably water quality, including wind speed, wind direction and Temperature is carried out calibration debugging in ripe example, is directly invoked in model integrated；Basic data it is relatively simple, it is pressed for time when, model parameter is reduced to that parameter must be adjusted；In the sufficient full and accurate condition of data Under, model parameter is reduced to that parameter and adjustable parameter must be adjusted；For in model integrated in application, both meeting water environment management user Fast prediction demand, and meet the full and accurate simulation demand under the conditions of case.
- 4. a kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges EFDC model integrated methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step S1 tools Body is：S101：Input file encapsulates：Input file includes space terrain data file, time series data file and model parameter Data file；When encapsulating input parameter file, different assembly strategies are provided for parameter type, parameter must be adjusted to be used to implement and set It puts, be multiplexed, modification function；Adjustable parameter is used under the premise of instance parameter parsing storage, realize the tune to preset parameter library With and modification；Default parameters need to only cure calling, it is not necessary to modify；In water management information system, model start-up parameter type Including water level boundary condition, generalization point parameter, hydrodynamic model parameter and water quality model parameter；Corresponding setting purpose includes true Determine model calculation primary condition, setting waste outlets position determines hydrodynamic simulation budget input parameter, roughness coefficien, really Simulation of water quality operation input parameter is determined, including pollution factor, pollutant concentration time series, degradation coefficient；It is corresponding to call text Part be EFDC.inp and pser.inp, EFDC.inp, pser.inp, dser.inp, qser.inp, pser.inp, dxdy.inp With dser.inp, dye.inp, EFDC.inp；S102：Master control file encapsulates：Master control file include function activation certain to model whether, data scale, open boundary position, The setting of output variable, data result output frequency and simulated time range is selected in model result, model master control file is sealed Dress needs to optimize the master control file of main program EFDC.inp, feedback result of calculation mark, according to different river grid classes Type, parameter type difference calling model master control file, different type model running file is realized using multithreading It is independent to call, it is parallel to run, it is independent of each other；S103：Output file parsing storage：Output file is used to store the result of calculation value and phase of output variable under Spatial dimensionality Intermediate variable end value is closed, will be generated after modeling comprising depth of water parameter EE_WC.OUT, three-dimensional flow field EE_ The surface layer information EE_WS.OUT of VEL.OUT, water body result and sediment bed, 3 destination files are exported by analytic modell analytical model and tied Fruit file extracts result data, is stored in SQL database.
- 5. a kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges EFDC model integrated methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step S2 tools Body is：By establishing model interface service, establish EFDC models and call specification, meet calling of the different information systems to model, So as to solve the problems, such as that model is not open, repeatability is not high, according to Interface integration whole design and framework, using Web Service Technology realizes the calling to model with front-end interface, and including being set to scene, model selects, Model Condition is set, model parameter Setting, model calculate startup, Model Results call 6 class services, and entire simulation process is split into multiple portions, independent per part A step, i.e. interface are developed into, only calls corresponding step interface, that is, completes corresponding part work.
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