CN108251688A - High heat conduction Pb-Li-Na lead lithium alloys with excellent recoverability - Google Patents
High heat conduction Pb-Li-Na lead lithium alloys with excellent recoverability Download PDFInfo
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- CN108251688A CN108251688A CN201810152517.0A CN201810152517A CN108251688A CN 108251688 A CN108251688 A CN 108251688A CN 201810152517 A CN201810152517 A CN 201810152517A CN 108251688 A CN108251688 A CN 108251688A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C11/00—Alloys based on lead
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C11/00—Alloys based on lead
- C22C11/02—Alloys based on lead with an alkali or an alkaline earth metal as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/12—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of lead or alloys based thereon
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/08—Metals; Alloys; Cermets, i.e. sintered mixtures of ceramics and metals
- G21F1/085—Heavy metals or alloys
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses high heat conduction Pb Li Na lead lithium alloys and its processing technology with excellent recoverability.According to weight percent, the ingredient of the alloy is：Li:0.6‑1.5wt.%,Na:0.2‑0.4wt.%；In:1.2‑2.8wt.%,Zr:0.3 0.8wt.%, Pd:0.5‑0.9wt.%,W:0.1 0.4wt.%, surplus are lead.The lead lithium alloy has the outstanding recoverability that traditional shielding material metal does not have, and has high heat transfer property.The alloy used under the conditions of a variety of shieldings can be widely used in, and has excellent shielding property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of alloy, specifically, being related to a kind of lead lithium alloy.
Background technology
The core of nuclear power source system is reactor, nuclear fission (or fusion) generate the neutrons of different energy levels, gamma-rays,
Secondary gamma-rays and other charged particles and high-energy ray.Reactor shielding is to be surrounded to react with certain thickness shielding material
Heap, to stop or weaken a large amount of neutrons and gamma-rays that reactor is sent out.Phase occurs for each atomic nucleus of neutron and shielding material
The result of interaction, thus it is possible to vary the energy and the direction of motion of neutron, neutron may also be absorbed by atomic nucleus.
Three main standards are considered when being designed to radiation shielding material.1:) shielding material must substantially meet
Radiation shielding requirements have good slowing down or shield effectiveness to neutron, gamma-rays;2:) shielding material had to preferably
Physical and mechanical property to meet application;3:) material will keep good structural intergrity in use.It is right both at home and abroad
Shielding alloy material has been carried out largely studying, and many shielding materials have been widely used.
In general, most shielding alloy material contains lead either metal.Metal is shielded with very unique
Performance：(1) function admirable, moderate cost, technical maturity.In fields such as core oil explorations, there is larger application prospects.Have good
Good multiple reflection shielding properties.(2) second phases will not cause alloy to soften when keeping for a long time due to stability height, so as to
Lead can be made effectively to be strengthened, can also keep higher intensity property at relatively high temperatures.(3) possess good ductility
Can, the difficulty of processing of metal can be effectively reduced, meets the needs as Structural Engineering materials'use.
Although there is the research largely about nuclear screening material at present, these materials still have obdurability and are difficult to meet work
Requirement, heat resistance for structual shield material are bad, comprehensive shielded effect is bad, volume be difficult to greatly mobile and Radiation hardness compared with
The problems such as poor.The integrated requirement of function and structure is taken into account simultaneously, seriously limits its application in shielding harness.Expand core
It is the important cause to involve the interests of the state and the people that can utilize, and accelerates the important energy source strategy that nuclear power developing is China.And nuclear reactor is transported
The nuke rubbish generated in the links such as row, nuclear fuel cycle, the elimination of nuclear facilities has hot.Function admirable, moderate cost, technique
There are larger application prospects in the fields such as nuclear power facility and nuke rubbish storing for ripe high-strength plumbum-based shielding material.It develops high
Strong lead base shielding material simultaneously further improves its cost performance, will obtain wide application in military, civil field, significant.
It is good multiple by the ingredient and having for proportioning energy metal of optimized alloy after adding in lithium in metal
Radiation shield performance.In melting and forming process oxidation easily occurs for lead lithium alloy, burning is even exploded, not only to part
Molding damages with performance, also easily injures human body and pollution environment.One important directions of lead lithium alloy industrialization are just
It is the oxidizing fire how prevented under its high temperature.It is protected in metallurgy industry frequently with chlorate flux protection method and inert gas at present
It defends the doctrine.But both methods has the defects of it is difficult to avoid that, is such as also easy to produce toxic gas pollution environment and flux is caused to press from both sides
It is miscellaneous and damage alloy property.In addition, melting, casting equipment and complex process, increase cost.Solve lead lithium alloy in an atmosphere
Another approach that burning is generated during melting is to add alloying element into lead lithium alloy, reaches fire-retardant by the method for alloying
Purpose.Its mechanism of alloying ignition-proof method is to add specific alloying element in lead lithium alloy fusion process to influence alloy oxidation
Thermodynamics and dynamics process, formed with protective effect dense oxidation film and nitride film, reach prevent the violent oxygen of alloy
The purpose changed and nitrogenized, and the tendency of oxidizing fire of the lead lithium alloy during following process substantially reduces, so as to improve
The process safety of lead lithium alloy.Lead lithium alloy not only has excellent casting character, and high temperature resistance is also significantly larger than existing
Some shielding material metals.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiency in the prior art, provide one kind can under 350-400 degree atmospheric conditions into
The high heat conduction Pb-Li-Na lead lithium alloy and its processing technology with excellent recoverability of row melting.And it is melted in this temperature range
The alloy final products of refining not only have excellent recoverability, and heat conductivility is also significantly larger than existing shielding material lead
Alloy.This method also have production cost it is low, convenient for large-scale production the characteristics of.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of high heat conduction Pb-Li-Na lead lithium alloys with excellent recoverability.By weight percentage, the composition of alloy is：
Li: 0.6-1.5wt.%,Na:0.2-0.4wt.%；In:1.2-2.8wt.%,Zr:0.3-0.8wt.%, Pd:0.5-0.9wt.%,
W:0.1-0.4wt.%, surplus are lead.The lead lithium alloy is in fusion process because of the weight for volatilizing and forming the reasons such as clinker and losing
Amount is in 1.0-3.0wt.% or so.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned high heat conduction Pb-Li-Na lead lithium alloys with excellent recoverability, includes the following steps：
As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace of atmosphere protection, and using silicon carbide crucible；Sensing heating is to 350-400
Degree forms alloy solution, and be sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so using electromagnetic agitation effect；Alloy liquid is kept the temperature in 350-400 degree
Standing is cast to progress semi-continuous casting in the same level equipment of heat top and is moved down into required side's ingot and billet, ingot casting after ten minutes
Speed is 12-16m/min.The ingot casting can prepare complicated shape as cast raw material for the compression casting of subsequent handling
Lead lithium alloy casting；The last heat treatment procedure of these casting is：Vacuum solid solution handles 215 degree, 3.4 hours；At vacuum aging
132 degree, 1.2 hours of reason.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
（1）Patent of the present invention can't fully meet showing for existing demand for the recoverability of current shielding material metal
Shape provides a kind of novel materialogy solution.The alloy has extremely excellent flame retardant property, can reach in 350-
5 hours are stood without significantly burning under atmospheric environment in 400 temperature ranges.Liquid alloy is being stirred, is being blown
During the melt treatments such as gas, after its skin covering of the surface is destroyed because being vigorously stirred, energy rapid regeneration successfully hinders the combustion of alloy
It burns.And the weight that the lead lithium alloy loses in fusion process because of the reasons such as volatilization and formation clinker is less than 3.0wt.% or so.
（2）The addition of lithium allows the density of density ratio majority alloy of lead lithium alloy will be low.And with the increase of lithium content,
Its density can also be reduced further.Lead lithium alloy has very high intensity, and intensity will not occur bright because of the increase of lithium content
Aobvious variation, and the intensity of alloy can be further improved by adding the elements such as copper, magnesium, zinc.Lead lithium alloy possesses very high
Rigidity, non-deformability is strong, and rigidity can also be further improved with the increase of lithium content.
（3）The lead lithium alloy and with good fluidity, filling performance is favourable, shrinkage cavity formability is small, and molten metal is inspiratory
The advantages that small.Physics, chemical compatibility and the interface compatibility problem between lead and alloying element are successfully solved, is overcome
Difference in specific gravity between constituent element realizes alloying element and alloy mutually being uniformly distributed in lead base body.It is solidified with low liquid-solid phase
Temperature range can solve the technical barriers such as hot cracking tendency during casting is big, and casting cavity is low with loose apparent product yield rate.
（4）Alloy designed by the present invention, can be at ultralow temperature（It is more than -20 degree）Effectively pass through the expansion of atom
Dissipate the rapid continuous generation for consuming radiative process internal flaw of transfer ability, so as to avoid during engineering use by
In radiation so that the present situation that material property constantly deteriorates.At room temperature, the tensile strength of the alloy reaches 280-300MPa.
And traditional shielding material is respectively 230-250MPa with the tensile strength of metal at room temperature.The heat transfer coefficient of the material is
45-48W/m ﹒ K, higher than the heat transfer coefficient 35W/m ﹒ K of pure lead.And the heat transfer coefficient of general metal is less than the 60% of pure lead.With
In fields such as core heap, medical radiation course shielding, nuclear waste disposals, can effectively ensure nuclear reactor system safe operation,
Improve the system operation service life.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of high heat conduction Pb-Li-Na lead lithium alloys in 350 degree of meltings with excellent recoverability.By weight percentage, it closes
Gold chemical composition be：Li: 1.2wt.%,Na:0.3wt.%；In:1.5wt.%,Zr:0.5wt.%, Pd:0.7wt.%, W:
0.2wt.%, surplus are lead.The preparation method of alloy：As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace of atmosphere protection, and
Using silicon carbide crucible；Sensing heating forms alloy solution, and be sufficiently stirred 10 minutes left sides using electromagnetic agitation effect to 350 degree
It is right；Alloy liquid is stood to be cast to after ten minutes in the same level equipment of heat top in 350 degree of heat preservations and carries out semi-continuous casting into institute
The square ingot and billet needed, ingot casting move down speed as 14m/min.The ingot casting can regard the pressure that cast raw material is used for subsequent handling
Power casts the lead lithium alloy casting to prepare complicated shape；The last heat treatment procedure of these casting is：Vacuum solid solution processing 215
Degree, 3.4 hours；Vacuum aging handles 132 degree, 1.2 hours.
Alloy designed by the present invention, can be at ultralow temperature（It is more than -20 degree）Effectively pass through the diffusion of atom
Transfer ability carrys out the rapid continuous generation for consuming radiative process internal flaw, so as to avoid during engineering use due to
The present situation for radiating and material property constantly being deteriorated.At room temperature, the tensile strength of the alloy reaches 285MPa.It is and traditional
Shielding material is respectively 230-250MPa with the tensile strength of metal at room temperature.The heat transfer coefficient of the material is 46W/m ﹒ K,
Higher than the heat transfer coefficient 35W/m ﹒ K of pure lead.And the heat transfer coefficient of general metal is less than the 60% of pure lead.For core heap, medical
The fields such as radioactive source shielding, nuclear waste disposal can effectively ensure the safe operation of nuclear reactor system, improve system operation
Service life.The weight that the lead lithium alloy loses in fusion process because of the reasons such as volatilization and formation clinker is in 1.6wt.% or so.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high heat conduction Pb-Li-Na lead lithium alloys in 370 degree of meltings with excellent recoverability.By weight percentage, it closes
Gold chemical composition be：Li: 0.9wt.%,Na:0.3wt.%；In:1.5wt.%,Zr:0.4wt.%, Pd:0.6wt.%, W:
0.3wt.%, surplus are lead.The preparation method of alloy：As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace of atmosphere protection, and
Using silicon carbide crucible；Sensing heating forms alloy solution, and be sufficiently stirred 10 minutes left sides using electromagnetic agitation effect to 370 degree
It is right；Alloy liquid is stood to be cast to after ten minutes in the same level equipment of heat top in 370 degree of heat preservations and carries out semi-continuous casting into institute
The square ingot and billet needed, ingot casting move down speed as 15m/min.The ingot casting can regard the pressure that cast raw material is used for subsequent handling
Power casts the lead lithium alloy casting to prepare complicated shape；The last heat treatment procedure of these casting is：Vacuum solid solution processing 215
Degree, 3.4 hours；Vacuum aging handles 132 degree, 1.2 hours.
Alloy designed by the present invention, can be at ultralow temperature（It is more than -20 degree）Effectively pass through the diffusion of atom
Transfer ability carrys out the rapid continuous generation for consuming radiative process internal flaw, so as to avoid during engineering use due to
The present situation for radiating and material property constantly being deteriorated.At room temperature, the tensile strength of the alloy reaches 294MPa.It is and traditional
Shielding material is respectively 230-250MPa with the tensile strength of metal at room temperature.The heat transfer coefficient of the material is 46W/m ﹒ K,
Higher than the heat transfer coefficient 35W/m ﹒ K of pure lead.And the heat transfer coefficient of general metal is less than the 60% of pure lead.For core heap, medical
The fields such as radioactive source shielding, nuclear waste disposal can effectively ensure the safe operation of nuclear reactor system, improve system operation
Service life.The weight that the lead lithium alloy loses in fusion process because of the reasons such as volatilization and formation clinker is in 1.6wt.% or so.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high heat conduction Pb-Li-Na lead lithium alloys in 390 degree of meltings with excellent recoverability.By weight percentage, it closes
Gold chemical composition be：Li: 1.4wt.%,Na:0.4wt.%；In:2.5wt.%,Zr:0.6wt.%, Pd:0.7wt.%, W:
0.3wt.%, surplus are lead.The preparation method of alloy：As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace of atmosphere protection, and
Using silicon carbide crucible；Sensing heating forms alloy solution, and be sufficiently stirred 10 minutes left sides using electromagnetic agitation effect to 390 degree
It is right；Alloy liquid is stood to be cast to after ten minutes in the same level equipment of heat top in 390 degree of heat preservations and carries out semi-continuous casting into institute
The square ingot and billet needed, ingot casting move down speed as 14m/min.The ingot casting can regard the pressure that cast raw material is used for subsequent handling
Power casts the lead lithium alloy casting to prepare complicated shape；The last heat treatment procedure of these casting is：Vacuum solid solution processing 215
Degree, 3.4 hours；Vacuum aging handles 132 degree, 1.2 hours.
Alloy designed by the present invention, can be at ultralow temperature（It is more than -20 degree）Effectively pass through the diffusion of atom
Transfer ability carrys out the rapid continuous generation for consuming radiative process internal flaw, so as to avoid during engineering use due to
The present situation for radiating and material property constantly being deteriorated.At room temperature, the tensile strength of the alloy reaches 296MPa.It is and traditional
Shielding material is respectively 230-250MPa with the tensile strength of metal at room temperature.The heat transfer coefficient of the material is 47W/m ﹒ K,
Higher than the heat transfer coefficient 35W/m ﹒ K of pure lead.And the heat transfer coefficient of general metal is less than the 60% of pure lead.For core heap, medical
The fields such as radioactive source shielding, nuclear waste disposal can effectively ensure the safe operation of nuclear reactor system, improve system operation
Service life.The weight that the lead lithium alloy loses in fusion process because of the reasons such as volatilization and formation clinker is in 1.8wt.% or so.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of high heat conduction Pb-Li-Na lead lithium alloys with excellent recoverability；According to weight percent, the alloy into
It is divided into：Li: 0.6-1.5wt.%,Na:0.2-0.4wt.%；In:1.2-2.8wt.%,Zr:0.3-0.8wt.%, Pd:0.5-
0.9wt.%, W:0.1-0.4wt.%, surplus are lead.
2. there is the high heat conduction Pb-Li-Na lead lithium alloys of excellent recoverability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that packet
Include following steps：As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace of atmosphere protection, and using silicon carbide crucible；Sensing adds
Heat forms alloy solution to 350-400 degree, and is sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so using electromagnetic agitation effect；Alloy liquid is existed
The heat preservation of 350-400 degree stand be cast to after ten minutes in the same level equipment of heat top carry out semi-continuous casting into required side's ingot and
Billet, ingot casting move down speed as 12-16m/min.
3. there is the high heat conduction Pb-Li-Na lead lithium alloys of excellent recoverability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that packet
Containing following procedure of processing：The ingot casting can prepare the lead of complicated shape as cast raw material for the compression casting of subsequent handling
Lithium alloy casting；The last heat treatment procedure of these casting is：Vacuum solid solution handles 215 degree, 3.4 hours；Vacuum aging processing
132 degree, 1.2 hours.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810152517.0A CN108251688A (en) | 2018-02-15 | 2018-02-15 | High heat conduction Pb-Li-Na lead lithium alloys with excellent recoverability |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810152517.0A CN108251688A (en) | 2018-02-15 | 2018-02-15 | High heat conduction Pb-Li-Na lead lithium alloys with excellent recoverability |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108251688A true CN108251688A (en) | 2018-07-06 |
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| CN201810152517.0A Withdrawn CN108251688A (en) | 2018-02-15 | 2018-02-15 | High heat conduction Pb-Li-Na lead lithium alloys with excellent recoverability |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115094267A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-09-23 | 江苏海瑞电源有限公司 | Lead-based bearing alloy for high-performance bearing and preparation method thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-02-15 CN CN201810152517.0A patent/CN108251688A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115094267A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-09-23 | 江苏海瑞电源有限公司 | Lead-based bearing alloy for high-performance bearing and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180706 |