CN108251677B - Slag remover for lead alloy smelting and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Slag remover for lead alloy smelting and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108251677B CN108251677B CN201810066655.7A CN201810066655A CN108251677B CN 108251677 B CN108251677 B CN 108251677B CN 201810066655 A CN201810066655 A CN 201810066655A CN 108251677 B CN108251677 B CN 108251677B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C11/00—Alloys based on lead
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Abstract
A slag remover for lead alloy smelting comprises sodium nitrate and charcoal powder; the slag remover at least comprises potassium permanganate and/or pyrite powder, and the potassium permanganate and/or pyrite powder, sodium nitrate, charcoal powder and other slag remover components are mixed to form the slag remover of the lead alloy; by potassium permanganate, oxygen and charcoal with lower burning point can be removed to perform oxidation reaction at the melting point temperature of lead, a large amount of heat is generated, the temperature of the flux is rapidly increased to reach the decomposition temperature of sodium nitrate, the sodium nitrate is further decomposed, oxygen is released to perform oxidation reaction with charcoal powder, a large amount of heat is generated, the slag temperature is further increased, and the separation of slag and lead liquid is promoted; by adding the pyrite powder, harmful elements of copper can be further removed in the smelting process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an auxiliary additive for smelting operation and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a deslagging agent for lead alloy smelting and a preparation method thereof, which are mainly used for removing slag in the smelting processing of lead alloy smelting. Belongs to the technical field of auxiliary operation equipment of mechanical equipment.
Background
Because the smelting temperature of the lead alloy is low, some scum can be generated on the surface in the smelting process, and the scum on the surface of the lead liquid can clamp a large amount of lead liquid due to low temperature, so that the quality of the lead alloy is influenced. In order to avoid the influence of the scum, a certain amount of lead slag removing agent is added for removing slag during the smelting of the lead alloy. The general lead slag remover is that a certain amount of sodium nitrate is added during lead alloy smelting; when the sodium nitrate is added into the lead liquid, the sodium nitrate can be decomposed to generate oxygen to generate oxidation reaction with lead to generate heat, so that the temperature of the scum is increased; but because the alloy smelting temperature is low, the reaction of sodium nitrate and lead is slow, the temperature is not increased much, the separation of lead slag is poor, the slag removing effect is poor, and the lead content in the slag is high; on the other hand, the yield in the lead alloy smelting is also reduced, the refining effect is not good due to the lower slag temperature, and if the smelting temperature is increased, the burning loss is increased to reduce the yield of the zinc alloy, so that the improvement is needed.
Patent documents in which the same technology as that of the present invention is not found through patent search are reported, and the following patents which have a certain relationship with the present invention are mainly included:
1. the patent number CN200910264531.0 entitled "low-temperature slag remover" discloses a low-temperature slag remover, belonging to a flux for casting. The slag removing agent for removing slag from the melt in the existing aluminum and aluminum alloy casting process can be carried out only when the temperature of the melt reaches 710-plus 720 ℃, and the treated melt can be cast only when the temperature of the melt is reduced to 680-plus 690 ℃, so that energy waste and unnecessary working hours are caused; some remedies adopting new ingots added with aluminum or aluminum alloy bring the problem that the added new ingot melts are not refined and slag-removed. The invention adopts 10-20% of sodium nitrate; 5-15% of sodium fluoride; 10-20% of calcium fluoride; 5-15% of potassium chloride; 15-25% of sodium sulfate (anhydrous sodium sulphate); 3-7% of carbon powder; the rest is added with sodium chloride to 100 percent to form a low-temperature slag remover. .
2. The patent application number is CN201310570327.8, the name is "lead alloy slag reducing agent", the patent discloses a lead alloy slag reducing agent, which relates to the technical field of electrochemistry, and the weight percentage of each component is as follows: 8% of carbon powder, 43% of coal powder, 42% of coal slag powder and 7% of wood powder. The preparation method comprises the steps of respectively taking 8 kg of carbon powder, 45 kg of coal powder, 42 kg of coal cinder powder and 5 kg of wood powder; and then respectively crushing the substances into powder with the granularity of about 100 meshes, and finally mixing and stirring the powder uniformly to obtain the required slag reducing agent.
3. The patent with the application number of CN201210152047.0 and the name of "a chlorine-free slag remover for refining aluminum alloy melt" discloses a chlorine-free slag remover for refining aluminum alloy melt, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 212-15 parts of MgF, 22-30 parts of NaF, 616-22 parts of Na3AlF, 312-20 parts of Na2CO, 612-15 parts of Na2SiF and 312-15 parts of AlF. The preparation method of the chlorine-free slag remover for refining the aluminum alloy melt comprises the following steps: weighing the components, proportionally adding the raw materials into a stirrer to be uniformly stirred, heating the uniformly stirred materials to 100-300 ℃ in a heating furnace, keeping the temperature for 120-200 minutes, fully removing the moisture in the slag remover to ensure that the mass content of the moisture is less than or equal to 0.5%, cooling and sealing.
4. The patent number is CN201610720460.0, and is named as the refining slag former for smelting zinc-based alloy and the preparation method thereof, and the patent discloses the refining slag former for smelting zinc-based alloy and the preparation method thereof. The invention aims to provide a refining slag former for smelting zinc-based alloy and a preparation method thereof. The invention is characterized by comprising the following steps of: 20-30 parts of sodium chloride, 10-20 parts of potassium chloride, 18-30 parts of sodium nitrate, 10-15 parts of calcium fluoride, 10-20 parts of sodium sulfate and 3-5 parts of charcoal powder; the method comprises the following steps: A. adding sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium fluoride and sodium sulfate into a heating stirrer according to the weight ratio, heating and stirring for 50 minutes at the temperature of 95-110 ℃, and then stopping heating to form a uniformly dried primary mixture; B. adding 18-30 parts of sodium nitrate and 3-5 parts of charcoal powder into the uniformly dried primary mixture in a heating stirrer, and stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a secondary mixture; C. and D, discharging the secondary mixture obtained in the step B into a material containing tray, naturally cooling to room temperature, and subpackaging into finished products of 2 kg/bag and 20kg per box.
Although some of the above patents relate to slag removing agents for alloy smelting, namely "refining slag removing agent for zinc-based alloy smelting and preparation method thereof", patent invention with patent number CN201610720460.0 also discloses the formulation of slag removing agents, and the formulation of slag removing agents includes sodium nitrate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium fluoride, sodium sulfate and charcoal powder, which are relevant to the present invention, through careful reading, these patents do not relate to slag removing agents for lead alloys, and because the smelting temperature of lead alloys is lower than that of these metal alloys, it is not feasible to use these slag removing agents directly for slag removal of lead alloys, so that the slag removing agents for lead alloys need to be further researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel deslagging agent for lead alloy and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the problems of the deslagging agent for lead alloy in the smelting process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a slag remover for lead alloy smelting, which comprises sodium nitrate and charcoal powder; the method is characterized in that the slag remover at least comprises potassium permanganate, and the potassium permanganate, sodium nitrate, charcoal powder and other slag remover components are mixed to form the slag remover of the lead alloy; by potassium permanganate, oxygen and charcoal with lower burning point can be removed to generate oxidation reaction at the melting point temperature of lead, a large amount of heat is generated, the temperature of the flux is rapidly increased to reach the decomposition temperature of sodium nitrate, the sodium nitrate is further decomposed, oxygen is released to generate oxidation reaction with charcoal powder, a large amount of heat is generated, the slag temperature is further increased, and the separation of slag and lead liquid is promoted.
Furthermore, the slag removing agent at least comprises pyrite powder, and harmful elements of copper can be further removed in the smelting process by adding the pyrite powder.
Further, the other slag removing agent components comprise one or more than two of sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and sodium chloride, and the slag removing agent for the lead alloy is prepared by mixing potassium permanganate, sodium nitrate, charcoal powder, pyrite powder, sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and sodium chloride.
Further, the mixture ratio of the potassium permanganate, the sodium nitrate, the charcoal powder, the pyrite powder, the sodium sulfate, the calcium fluoride and the sodium chloride is as follows according to the weight percentage:
5-10% of potassium permanganate;
30-40% of sodium nitrate;
6-12% of charcoal powder;
5-15% of pyrite powder (Fe 52);
15-25% of sodium sulfate;
8-15% of calcium chloride;
6-12% of sodium chloride.
Further, the other slag removing agent components are sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and potassium chloride, and the slag removing agent of the lead alloy is prepared by mixing potassium permanganate, sodium nitrate, charcoal powder, pyrite powder, sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and potassium chloride.
Further, the mixture ratio of the potassium permanganate, the sodium nitrate, the charcoal powder, the pyrite powder, the sodium sulfate, the calcium fluoride and the potassium chloride is as follows according to the weight percentage:
0-10% of potassium permanganate;
30-40% of sodium nitrate;
6-12% of charcoal powder;
0-15% of pyrite powder (Fe 52);
15-25% of sodium sulfate;
8-15% of calcium chloride;
6-12% of potassium chloride.
Further, the other slag removing agent components comprise sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and magnesium chloride, and the slag removing agent of the lead alloy is prepared by mixing potassium permanganate, sodium nitrate, charcoal powder, pyrite powder, sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and magnesium chloride.
Further, the mixture ratio of the potassium permanganate, the sodium nitrate, the charcoal powder, the pyrite powder, the sodium sulfate, the calcium fluoride and the magnesium chloride is as follows according to the weight percentage:
5-10% of potassium permanganate;
30-40% of sodium nitrate;
6-12% of charcoal powder;
5-15% of pyrite powder (Fe 52);
15-25% of sodium sulfate;
8-15% of calcium chloride;
6-12% of magnesium chloride.
A preparation method of a slag removing agent for lead alloy smelting adopts potassium permanganate, sodium nitrate, charcoal powder, pyrite powder, sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and sodium chloride nitride as raw materials, and comprises the following steps:
(1) and weighing the raw materials of potassium permanganate, sodium nitrate, charcoal powder, pyrite powder, sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and sodium chloride in proportion and adding the weighed raw materials into a stirrer.
(2) And starting the stirrer to stir for 20 minutes to obtain a uniform mixed material.
(3) Discharging the materials, sieving the materials by a 20-mesh sieve, putting the materials into a material containing tray, and carrying out hot sealing and packaging, wherein each plastic bag is 2kg, and 20kg of finished products are obtained in one box.
A method for preparing slag removing agent for lead alloy smelting adopts potassium permanganate, sodium nitrate, charcoal powder, pyrite powder, sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and magnesium chloride or potassium chloride as raw materials, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) and weighing the raw materials of potassium permanganate, sodium nitrate, charcoal powder, pyrite powder, sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and magnesium chloride or potassium chloride in proportion and adding the raw materials into a stirrer.
(2) And starting the stirrer to stir for 20 minutes to obtain a uniform mixed material.
(3) Discharging the materials, sieving the materials by a 20-mesh sieve, putting the materials into a material containing tray, and carrying out hot sealing and packaging, wherein each plastic bag is 2kg, and 20kg of finished products are obtained in one box.
The invention has the advantages that:
the potassium permanganate component with lower decomposition temperature is adopted, and the pyrite powder is added, so that the performance of the slag remover is changed, and the slag removing effect is greatly improved; the method mainly has the following advantages:
1. by adopting potassium permanganate with lower decomposition temperature, oxygen can be released at the melting point temperature of lead, charcoal with lower burning point can be subjected to oxidation reaction, a large amount of heat is generated, the temperature of the flux is rapidly increased to reach the decomposition temperature of sodium nitrate, the sodium nitrate is further decomposed, oxygen is released, the charcoal powder is subjected to oxidation reaction, a large amount of heat is generated, the temperature of slag is further increased, the slag and lead liquid are better separated, the extracted slag basically does not contain lead, and the recovery rate of lead smelting is increased.
2. The pyrite powder is added into the slag removing agent, so that harmful elements of copper can be further removed in the smelting process, and the quality of the lead alloy is further improved.
3. When the slag removing agent is used, the dross rate of the lead alloy is over 9 percent when the slag removing agent is not used during the melting of the lead alloy, and the dross rate is reduced to below 5 percent after the slag removing agent is used, so that the dross rate is greatly reduced.
4. Because of the adoption of potassium permanganate, the combustion-supporting effect is obvious, the temperature of the slag body is greatly improved, and the alloy in the slag body is convenient to melt.
5. The invention reduces the scum in the casting process and improves the quality of the lead alloy.
6. The slag removing agent of the invention can cause easy separation of dross and lead liquid in the melting process of lead alloy, reduce the loss of liquid metal lead in the process of fishing away dross, save raw materials and reduce the production cost.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. It should be understood that the embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention, not for limiting the present invention, and that all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive work based on the principle of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Example one
Potassium permanganate (50 kg) accounting for 5 percent of the total weight of the materials, sodium nitrate (350 kg) accounting for 35 percent of the total weight, charcoal powder (60 kg) accounting for 6 percent of the total weight, yellow iron mineral (150 kg) accounting for 15 percent of the total weight, sodium sulfate (200 kg) accounting for 20 percent of the total weight, calcium fluoride (100 kg) accounting for 10 percent of the total weight and sodium chloride (90 kg) accounting for 9 percent of the total weight are respectively weighed according to the weight percentage, the components are added into a stirring machine, the stirring is carried out for 20 minutes, uniform mixed materials are obtained, the materials are discharged and pass through a 20-mesh sieve to be placed in a material containing tray, hot sealing and packaging are carried out, 2kg of each plastic bag is placed in a paper box, and.
The preparation method of the slag remover for smelting the lead alloy comprises the following steps:
potassium permanganate, sodium nitrate, charcoal powder, pyrite powder, sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and sodium chloride are used as raw materials, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials of potassium permanganate, sodium nitrate, charcoal powder, pyrite powder, sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and sodium chloride in proportion and adding the weighed raw materials into a stirrer;
(2) starting the stirrer to stir for 20 minutes to obtain a uniform mixed material;
(3) discharging the materials, sieving the materials by a 20-mesh sieve, putting the materials into a material containing tray, and carrying out hot sealing and packaging, wherein each plastic bag is 2kg, and 20kg of finished products are obtained in one box.
Example two
Weighing 8 percent (80 kg) of potassium permanganate accounting for 8 percent of the total weight of the materials, 30 percent (300 kg) of sodium nitrate, 8 percent (80 kg) of charcoal powder accounting for 8 percent of the total weight, 10 percent (100 kg) of pyrite powder accounting for 10 percent of the total weight, 23 percent (230 kg) of sodium sulfate accounting for 23 percent of the total weight, 15 percent (150 kg) of calcium fluoride and 6 percent (60 kg) of magnesium chloride according to the weight percentage; adding the components into a stirrer, stirring for 20 minutes to obtain uniform mixed materials, discharging the materials, sieving the materials by a 20-mesh sieve, putting the materials into a material containing tray, carrying out hot sealing and packaging, wherein 2kg of each plastic bag is placed into a paper box, and packaging the paper box, wherein 20kg of each box is packaged.
The preparation method of the slag remover for smelting the lead alloy comprises the following steps:
potassium permanganate, sodium nitrate, charcoal powder, pyrite powder, sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and magnesium chloride are used as raw materials, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials of potassium permanganate, sodium nitrate, charcoal powder, pyrite powder, sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and magnesium chloride according to a proportion, and adding the raw materials into a stirrer;
(2) starting the stirrer to stir for 20 minutes to obtain a uniform mixed material;
(3) discharging the materials, sieving the materials by a 20-mesh sieve, putting the materials into a material containing tray, and carrying out hot sealing and packaging, wherein each plastic bag is 2kg, and 20kg of finished products are obtained in one box.
EXAMPLE III
Potassium permanganate (100 kilograms) accounting for 10 percent of the total weight of the materials, sodium nitrate (400 kilograms) accounting for 40 percent of the total weight, charcoal powder (120 kilograms) accounting for 12 percent of the total weight, pyrite powder (80 kilograms) accounting for 8 percent of the total weight, sodium sulfate (150 kilograms) accounting for 15 percent of the total weight, calcium fluoride (80 kilograms) accounting for 8 percent of the total weight, potassium chloride (7o kilograms) accounting for 7 percent of the total weight are added into the adding stirrer, the stirring is carried out for 20 minutes, uniform mixed materials are obtained, the materials are discharged and pass through a 20-mesh sieve to be fed into a material containing disc, hot-sealing packaging is carried out, 2 kilograms of each plastic bag is filled into a carton, and the carton is packaged, and 20 kilograms of each box are.
The preparation method of the slag remover for smelting the lead alloy comprises the following steps:
potassium permanganate, sodium nitrate, charcoal powder, pyrite powder, sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and potassium chloride are used as raw materials, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials of potassium permanganate, sodium nitrate, charcoal powder, pyrite powder, sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and potassium chloride in proportion and adding the weighed raw materials into a stirrer;
(2) starting the stirrer to stir for 20 minutes to obtain a uniform mixed material;
(3) discharging the materials, sieving the materials by a 20-mesh sieve, putting the materials into a material containing tray, and carrying out hot sealing and packaging, wherein each plastic bag is 2kg, and 20kg of finished products are obtained in one box.
The invention has the advantages that:
the potassium permanganate component with lower decomposition temperature is adopted, and the pyrite powder is added, so that the performance of the slag remover is changed, and the slag removing effect is greatly improved; the method mainly has the following advantages:
1. by adopting potassium permanganate with lower decomposition temperature, oxygen can be released at the melting point temperature of lead, charcoal with lower burning point can be subjected to oxidation reaction, a large amount of heat is generated, the temperature of the flux is rapidly increased to reach the decomposition temperature of sodium nitrate, the sodium nitrate is further decomposed, oxygen is released, the charcoal powder is subjected to oxidation reaction, a large amount of heat is generated, the temperature of slag is further increased, the slag and lead liquid are better separated, the extracted slag basically does not contain lead, and the recovery rate of lead smelting is increased.
2. The pyrite powder is added into the slag removing agent, so that harmful elements of copper can be further removed in the smelting process, and the quality of the lead alloy is further improved.
3. When the slag removing agent is used, the dross rate of the lead alloy is over 9 percent when the slag removing agent is not used during the melting of the lead alloy, and the dross rate is reduced to below 5 percent after the slag removing agent is used, so that the dross rate is greatly reduced.
4. Because of the adoption of potassium permanganate, the combustion-supporting effect is obvious, the temperature of the slag body is greatly improved, and the alloy in the slag body is convenient to melt.
5. The invention reduces the scum in the casting process and improves the quality of the lead alloy.
6. The slag removing agent of the invention can cause easy separation of dross and lead liquid in the melting process of lead alloy, reduce the loss of liquid metal lead in the process of fishing away dross, save raw materials and reduce the production cost.
Claims (1)
1. A deslagging agent for lead alloy smelting is characterized by comprising potassium permanganate, sodium nitrate, charcoal powder, pyrite powder, sodium sulfate, calcium fluoride and sodium chloride; by adopting potassium permanganate with lower decomposition temperature, oxygen can be released and charcoal with lower burning point can be subjected to oxidation reaction at the melting point temperature of lead, a large amount of heat is generated, the temperature of the flux is rapidly increased to reach the decomposition temperature of sodium nitrate, the sodium nitrate is further decomposed, oxygen is released to perform oxidation reaction with charcoal powder, a large amount of heat is generated, the temperature of slag is further increased, the slag and lead liquid are better separated, the extracted slag basically does not contain lead, and the recovery rate of lead smelting is increased; the potassium permanganate, the sodium nitrate, the charcoal powder, the pyrite powder, the sodium sulfate, the calcium fluoride and the sodium chloride are calculated according to the following weight percentage:
5-10% of potassium permanganate;
30-40% of sodium nitrate;
6-12% of charcoal powder;
5-15% of pyrite powder;
15-25% of sodium sulfate;
8-15% of calcium fluoride;
6-12% of sodium chloride.
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| CN111363943A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-07-03 | 湖北金洋冶金股份有限公司 | Slag remover for secondary lead and application thereof |
| CN111270093A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-12 | 江苏海宝电池科技有限公司 | Lead alloy deslagging agent and use method thereof |
| CN112481515B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-01-25 | 浙江天能汽车电池有限公司 | Lead alloy slag reducing agent and method for preparing lead belt by pressure casting lead storage battery |
| CN115354164A (en) * | 2022-08-20 | 2022-11-18 | 宁夏赛恩斯新材料有限公司 | Molten copper deslagging agent and production process and use method thereof |
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| CN102433448A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-05-02 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Smelting method of antimony-zinc-lead-containing concentrate |
| US10232589B2 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2019-03-19 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Plated steel sheet with quasicrystal |
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