CN108250404A - Polyurethane rigid foam plastic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polyurethane rigid foam plastic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108250404A CN108250404A CN201711463119.2A CN201711463119A CN108250404A CN 108250404 A CN108250404 A CN 108250404A CN 201711463119 A CN201711463119 A CN 201711463119A CN 108250404 A CN108250404 A CN 108250404A
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- rigid foam
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- polyether glycol
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4833—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
- C08G18/4816—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature mixtures of two or more polyetherpolyols having at least three hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
- C08G18/482—Mixtures of polyethers containing at least one polyether containing nitrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/141—Hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/143—Halogen containing compounds
- C08J9/144—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/143—Halogen containing compounds
- C08J9/144—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only
- C08J9/146—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only only fluorine as halogen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0025—Foam properties rigid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0041—Foam properties having specified density
- C08G2110/005—< 50kg/m3
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
- C08J2203/142—Halogenated saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. H3C-CF3
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
- C08J2203/142—Halogenated saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. H3C-CF3
- C08J2203/144—Perhalogenated saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. F3C-CF3
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
- C08J2205/052—Closed cells, i.e. more than 50% of the pores are closed
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/10—Rigid foams
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of polyurethane rigid foam plastics and preparation method thereof, and according to the mass fraction, rigid foam therein is prepared by following component：90 120 parts of combined polyether, 10 25 parts of foaming agent and 120 150 parts of isocyanates.The polyurethane rigid foam plastic of the present invention, by being prepared using the combined polyether, foaming agent and isocyanates of special proportioning as raw material so that the heat-insulating property of the polyurethane rigid foam plastic of preparation is good and high temperature dimensional stability is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermal insulation material technical field, more particularly to polyurethane rigid foam plastic and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
When preparing polyurethane material, in system other than polyalcohol and isocyanates, also tend to need to add in auxiliary agent, with
Improve the performance of reaction process or end product.In polyurethane material production process, generally require add in amines catalyst with
Accelerate reaction process, reduce reaction temperature etc., but amines catalyst is often all micromolecular compound, molecular weight is small, vapour pressure
Low, volatility is big, and the polyurethane product prepared is caused often containing larger amine taste, all to be made to direct labor and end user
Into injury, therefore the level that uses of these amine is reduced or eliminates, raising safety is necessary.
Invention content
In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide one kind to overcome the above problem or solve at least partly
Certainly polyurethane rigid foam plastic of the above problem and preparation method thereof.
Further objective is that obtaining a kind of polyurethane rigid foam plastic, which moulds the present invention one
Material has many advantages, such as that heat-insulating property is good, high temperature dimensional stability is good and fast demoulding.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of polyurethane rigid foam plastic, according to the mass fraction,
Rigid foam is prepared by following component：
Combined polyether：90-120 parts；
Foaming agent：10-25 parts；
Isocyanates：120-150 parts.
Optionally, foaming agent includes pentamethylene, 1,1,1,3,3- pentafluoropropane, 1- chloro- 3,3,3, and one in-trifluoro propene
Kind is a variety of.
Optionally, according to the mass fraction, combined polyether includes：
Polyether glycol I：40-50 parts；
Polyether glycol I I：25-40 parts；
Polyether glycol I II：20-40 parts；
Polyether glycol I V：5-10 parts.
Optionally, polyether glycol I is to pass through addition reaction system as initiator and oxyalkylene using bisphenol-A and polyalcohol
It is standby to obtain；
Wherein, polyalcohol is one or more in ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diglycol, triethylene-glycol, is gathered
The viscosity of ethoxylated polyhydric alcohol I is 200-350mpa.s, hydroxyl value 160-300mgKOH/g, average functionality 2-3.
Optionally, polyether glycol I I is with aoxidizing using at least one of glycerine, triethylol propane as initiator
Alkene is prepared by addition reaction, and the viscosity of polyether glycol I I is 400-800mp.s, hydroxyl value 250-500mgKOH/
G, average functionality 2-3.
Optionally, polyether glycol I II is using at least one of alkane diamines, toluenediamine and pentaerythrite as rising
Beginning agent is prepared with oxyalkylene by addition reaction, and wherein the carbon atom number of alkane diamines is 6-10；
The viscosity of polyether glycol I II is 1000-2000mpa.s, hydroxyl value 350-500mgKOH/g, and average functionality is
3-5。
Optionally, polyether glycol I V is using the one of which in xylitol, sucrose and diethylenetriamine as initiator
It is prepared with oxyalkylene by addition reaction, the viscosity of polyether glycol I V is 2000-4000mpa.s, hydroxyl value 350-
600mgKOH/g, average functionality 4-6.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, the preparation of a kind of any of the above-described kind of polyurethane rigid foam plastic is additionally provided
Method, including：
Combined polyether is carried out by predetermined ratio to mix to obtain the first mixture；
Foaming agent is added in the first mixture, carries out mixing to obtain the second mixture；
Second mixture with isocyanates is mixed, membrane cavity is injected after mixing, rigid poly urethanes are obtained after foaming curing
Foamed plastics.
Optionally, combined polyether stirs 2-3 hours under conditions of being 20-25 DEG C in temperature；
Foaming agent and the first mixture are 20-25 DEG C in temperature, and pressure stirs 2-3 hours under conditions of being 1-2bar；
Second mixture is 20-25 DEG C in temperature with isocyanates, and pressure mixes under conditions of being 120-130bar.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, a kind of refrigerator is additionally provided, the thermal insulation material of refrigerator uses above-mentioned preparation method
The polyurethane rigid foam plastic of preparation.
The present invention polyurethane rigid foam plastic, by using the combined polyether, foaming agent and isocyanates of special proportioning as
Raw material is prepared so that the heat-insulating property of the polyurethane rigid foam plastic of preparation is good, high temperature dimensional stability is good and demoulding
Quickly.
Further, polyurethane rigid foam plastic of the invention, combined polyether include that self-catalysis ability can be improved
Polyether glycol I II containing tertiary amino group so that polyalcohol has self-catalysis effect, so as to eliminate small molecule amine catalyst
The safety problem brought.In addition, combined polyether includes that pentamethylene and the polyether polyol of polyether polyol compatibility can be improved
IV so that the mobility of the hard polyurethane foam prepared by combined polyether significantly improves so that the rigid poly urethanes prepared
Foams are finer and smoother, and heat-insulating property is more preferable, and density is more uniform.Furthermore combined polyether includes having the rigid structures such as phenyl ring
The polyether glycol I of group so that the heat resistance for the hard polyurethane foam prepared significantly improves, and improves the height of foams
Warm dimensional stability, while also improve the compressive strength of foams.
According to the accompanying drawings to the detailed description of the specific embodiment of the invention, those skilled in the art will be brighter
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
Some specific embodiments of detailed description of the present invention by way of example rather than limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings hereinafter.
Identical reference numeral denotes same or similar component or part in attached drawing.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these
What attached drawing was not necessarily drawn to scale.In attached drawing：
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the preparation method of polyurethane rigid foam plastic according to an embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present embodiment provides firstly a kind of combined polyether, and combined polyether includes：The polyether glycol I of 40-50 mass parts,
The polyether polyol of polyether glycol I II and the 5-10 mass parts of polyether glycol I I, the 20-40 mass parts of 25-40 mass parts
IV。
By using above-mentioned a variety of polyether polyol, combined polyether is formed in a manner of above-mentioned proportioning, is gathered by the combination
Polyurethane rigid foam plastic prepared by ether has good high temperature dimensional stability, and foam is finer and smoother, and thermal conductivity factor is lower,
Compressive strength enhancing etc..
Specifically, polyether glycol I is to pass through addition reaction system as initiator and oxyalkylene using bisphenol-A and polyalcohol
It is standby to obtain, wherein, polyalcohol is ethylene glycol, one or more in propylene glycol, diglycol, triethylene-glycol, is gathered
The viscosity of ethoxylated polyhydric alcohol I is 200-350mpa.s, hydroxyl value 160-300mgKOH/g, average functionality 2-3.Polyether polyol
I introduces phenyl ring rigid structure group, with the polyethers of this type using bisphenol-A as initiator in polyether polyol molecule
Thus polyalcohol I can improve polyurethane rigid foam plastic obtained as the raw material for preparing polyurethane rigid foam plastic
Heat resistance so as to improve the high temperature dimensional stability of foams, while also improves the compressive strength of foams.
Polyether glycol I I is passed through using at least one of glycerine, triethylol propane as initiator and oxyalkylene
Addition reaction is prepared, and the viscosity of polyether glycol I I is 400-800mp.s, hydroxyl value 250-500mgKOH/g, averagely official
Energy degree is 2-3.Polyether glycol I I is using at least one of glycerine, triethylol propane as initiator, with this type
For polyether glycol I I as the raw material for preparing polyurethane rigid foam plastic, polyurethane rigid foam plastic obtained is more uniform
Exquisiteness has good heat-insulating property and preferable stability.
Polyether glycol I II be using at least one of alkane diamines, toluenediamine and pentaerythrite as initiator with
Oxyalkylene is prepared by addition reaction, and wherein the carbon atom number of alkane diamines is 6-10, and polyether glycol I II's is viscous
It spends for 1000-2000mpa.s, hydroxyl value 350-500mgKOH/g, average functionality 3-5.Wherein alkane diamines can be nalka
Hydrocarbon diamines.The polyether glycol I II of this type introduces tertiary amine structure, combined polyether is made to have self-catalysis effect, without making
With small molecule amine catalyst, the safety problem that small molecule amine catalyst is brought is eliminated, improves production security.
Polyether glycol I V is using the one of which in xylitol, sucrose and diethylenetriamine as initiator and oxyalkylene
Hydrocarbon is prepared by addition reaction, and the viscosity of polyether glycol I V is 2000-4000mpa.s, hydroxyl value 350-600mgKOH/
G, average functionality 4-6.Polyether glycol I V improves foaming agent pentamethylene with combining using diethylenetriamine as initiator
The compatibility of polyethers so as to reduce the viscosity for the combination raw materials for preparing polyurethane rigid foam plastic, improves rigid polyurethane
The mobility of matter foamed plastics so that the polyurethane rigid foam plastic body prepared is finer and smoother, and heat-insulating property is more preferable, density
More uniformly.
The present invention also provides a kind of polyurethane rigid foam plastics, and according to the mass fraction, rigid foam is by following
Component is prepared：90-120 parts of combined polyether, 10-25 parts of foaming agent and 120-150 parts of isocyanates.
Foaming agent therein may include pentamethylene, 1,1,1,3,3- pentafluoropropanes (245fa), 1- chloro- 3,3,3 ,-trifluoropropyl
The mixture of one or more compositions in alkene (LBA).Isocyanates can be polymethylene multi-phenenyl isocyanate, concrete
It is 150-250mpa.s that can require viscosity under room temperature, and the content of isocyanate groups-NCO is 30.5-32%.
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram according to an embodiment of the invention for preparing polyurethane rigid foam plastic.Based on upper
The combined polyether stated, the present invention also provides a kind of method for preparing polyurethane rigid foam plastic, including：
Combined polyether by predetermined ratio is mixed, obtains the first mixture by S102；
Foaming agent is added in the first mixture and mixed, obtains the second mixture by S104；
S106 mixes the second mixture with isocyanates, and membrane cavity is injected after mixing, after foaming curing, obtains poly- ammonia
Ester rigid foam.
Combined polyether stirs 2-3 hours under conditions of being 20-25 DEG C in temperature, that is to say, the polyethers in combined polyether is more
First alcohol I, polyether glycol I I, polyether glycol I II, polyether glycol I V are stirred according to aforementioned proportion at 20-25 DEG C
2-3 hours, so that each component in combined polyether is sufficiently mixed, obtain the first mixture.
Foaming agent and the first mixture are 20-25 DEG C in temperature, and pressure stirs 2-3 hours under conditions of being 1-2bar,
It is that foaming agent is added in the first mixture, and mixing temperature is 20-25 DEG C, blend pressure 1-2bar, incorporation time 2-3
Hour, so that foaming agent and the first mixture are sufficiently mixed, obtain the second mixture.
Second mixture is 20-25 DEG C in temperature with isocyanates, and pressure mixes under conditions of being 120-130bar.Namely
It is that the second mixture is mixed with isocyanates under 20-25 DEG C, the pressure of 120-130bar, the second mixture and isocyanates
Mixing, the membrane cavity of 40-45 DEG C of injection preheating, is foamed and is cured after mixing.To verify the poly- ammonia prepared using above-mentioned raw materials
The performance of ester rigid foam after polyurethane rigid foam plastic foaming curing, the foams cooled down is demoulded, are carried out
The test of correlated performance.
In the present embodiment based on combined polyether, using the characteristic of different initiators, tool is introduced in system first
There is the tertiary amine structure of self-catalysis effect, avoid and introduce the risk that small molecule amine catalyst is brought, secondly introduced in system firm
Property structure improves the heat resistance and high temperature dimensional stability of polyurethane rigid foam plastic；Further, in order to improve pentamethylene
Compatibility, alkanes low molecule weight initiator is selected in initiator, makes the polyurethane rigid foam plastic prepared more equal
It is even and fine greasy；Further, by the way that with said ratio and mixing condition prepared by combined polyether, foaming agent and isocyanates poly- ammonia
Ester rigid foam further improves the comprehensive performance of prepared polyurethane rigid foam plastic so that rigid polyurethane
High temperature dimensional stability, foam exquisiteness, thermal conductivity factor, compressive strength of matter foamed plastics etc. are all further improved.
The present invention also provides a kind of refrigerator, the thermal insulation material of refrigerator using above-mentioned polyurethane rigid foam plastic or on
Polyurethane rigid foam plastic made from preparation method is stated, it is possible thereby to the heat-insulating property and the feature of environmental protection of refrigerator are greatlyd improve,
Improve the overall quality of refrigerator.
It is made to following multiple embodiments to verify the performance of the polyurethane rigid foam plastic prepared using above-mentioned raw materials
The polyurethane rigid foam plastic obtained carries out correlated performance test, and test table is as shown in table 1.
The preparation method of embodiment 1 to the polyurethane rigid foam plastic of embodiment 7 is identical, specific as follows：
Combined polyether with corresponding respective proportioning at a temperature of 20-25 DEG C is mixed 2-3 hours, obtains the first mixing
Object adds in foaming agent in the first mixture, and mixing temperature is 20-25 DEG C, blend pressure 1-2bar, incorporation time 2-3
Hour, the second mixture is obtained, the second mixture and isocyanates are mixed under 20-25 DEG C, 120-130bar pressure, is injected
It is foamed and is cured in the membrane cavity of 40-45 DEG C of preheating.
Polyurethane foam is foamed in membrane cavity after curing, and the foams cooled down are demoulded, and tests the bubble of each embodiment
Foam body demoulding time, and test the averag density of polyurethane rigid foam plastic after demoulding, compressive strength, heat-conducting system, ruler
The performances such as very little stability, hydrothermal stability and rate of closed hole.Embodiment 1 to the raw material proportioning of embodiment 7, component and preparation poly- ammonia
The performance of ester rigid foam is specifically as shown in table 1.
Table 1
As can be seen from the above table, in embodiment 1 to embodiment 7, because of adding for the polyether glycol I II containing tertiary amine structure
Enter so that combined polyether has self-catalysis effect, eliminates the safety problem that small molecule amine catalyst is brought, the polyurethane of preparation
Rigid foam is without amine taste.
The performance comparison of polyurethane rigid foam plastic prepared by embodiment 1, embodiment 2, is preparing rigid polyurethane
In the material system of matter foamed plastics, with the increase using diethylenetriamine as the polyether glycol I V of initiator so that poly- ammonia
The demoulding time of ester rigid foam significantly shortens, and significantly improves the curing time of polyurethane rigid foam plastic, improves
The production efficiency of polyurethane rigid foam plastic.
The performance comparison of polyurethane rigid foam plastic prepared by embodiment 1, embodiment 3, is preparing rigid polyurethane
In the material system of matter foamed plastics, with the increase of the polyether glycol I of the rigid structure group containing benzene ring structure, gathering
The heat resistance of urethane rigid foam improves, and the dimensional stability at 60 DEG C is significantly improved, and reduces rigid polyurethane
The deformation of matter foamed plastics.
By embodiment 4, embodiment 5, embodiment 6 and embodiment 7 as can be seen that preparing polyurethane rigid foam plastic
Material system in, the addition of foaming agent LBA and 245fa can significantly improve the thermal conductivity factor of polyurethane rigid foam plastic,
The addition of foaming agent LBA causes expansion density to decrease, and so as to reduce the loading of foaming system, reduces that prepare this poly-
Foamed material dosage needed for urethane rigid foam, reduces cost.
By comparing embodiment 4 and embodiment 6 as can be seen that in the material system for preparing polyurethane rigid foam plastic
In, by increasing using diethylenetriamine as the polyether glycol I V of initiator and with the rigid structure group containing benzene ring structure
Polyether glycol I, the demoulding time of polyurethane and the stability of size are all significantly improved.
In the polyurethane rigid foam plastic of the present embodiment, what combined polyether included can improving self-catalysis ability contains uncle
The polyether glycol I II of amine groups so that polyalcohol has self-catalysis effect, brings so as to eliminating small molecule amine catalyst
Safety problem.In addition, combined polyether includes that pentamethylene and the polyether glycol I V of polyether polyol compatibility can be improved so that
The mobility of the polyurethane rigid foam plastic prepared by combined polyether significantly improves so that the hard polyurethane foam prepared
Plastic body is finer and smoother, and heat-insulating property is more preferable, and density is more uniform.Furthermore combined polyether includes having the rigid structures such as phenyl ring
The polyether glycol I of group so that the heat resistance for the polyurethane rigid foam plastic prepared significantly improves, and improves foams
High temperature dimensional stability, while also improve foams compressive strength.
The polyurethane rigid foam plastic of the present embodiment is using above-mentioned combined polyether, foaming agent, isocyanates as raw material, with spy
Other proportioning and process conditions are prepared, and the polyurethane rigid foam plastic thus prepared has good heat-insulating property, high
Warm good stability of the dimension, compressive strength etc..
The thermal insulation material of the refrigerator of the present embodiment uses above-mentioned polyurethane rigid foam plastic, it is possible thereby to greatly carry
The heat-insulating property and the feature of environmental protection of high refrigerator improve the overall quality of refrigerator.
So far, although those skilled in the art will appreciate that detailed herein have shown and described multiple showing for the present invention
Example property embodiment, still, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, still can according to the present disclosure directly
Determine or derive many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the invention.Therefore, the scope of the present invention is understood that and recognizes
It is set to and covers other all these variations or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of polyurethane rigid foam plastic, according to the mass fraction, the rigid foam are prepared by following component：
Combined polyether：90-120 parts；
Foaming agent：10-25 parts；
Isocyanates：120-150 parts.
2. polyurethane rigid foam plastic according to claim 1, wherein
The foaming agent includes pentamethylene, 1,1,1,3,3- pentafluoropropanes, 1- chloro- 3,3,3, one kind or more in-trifluoro propene
Kind.
3. polyurethane rigid foam plastic according to claim 1, wherein
According to the mass fraction, the combined polyether includes：
Polyether glycol I：40-50 parts；
Polyether glycol I I：25-40 parts；
Polyether glycol I II：20-40 parts；
Polyether glycol I V：5-10 parts.
4. polyurethane rigid foam plastic according to claim 3, wherein
The polyether glycol I is to be prepared using bisphenol-A with polyalcohol as initiator with oxyalkylene by addition reaction；
Wherein, the polyalcohol is one or more, the institute in ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diglycol, triethylene-glycol
The viscosity for stating polyether glycol I is 200-350mpa.s, hydroxyl value 160-300mgKOH/g, average functionality 2-3.
5. polyurethane rigid foam plastic according to claim 3, wherein
The polyether glycol I I is passed through using at least one of glycerine, triethylol propane as initiator and oxyalkylene
Addition reaction is prepared, and the viscosity of the polyether glycol I I is 400-800mp.s, hydroxyl value 250-500mgKOH/g, is put down
Equal degree of functionality is 2-3.
6. polyurethane rigid foam plastic according to claim 3, wherein
The polyether glycol I II be using at least one of alkane diamines, toluenediamine and pentaerythrite as initiator with
Oxyalkylene is prepared by addition reaction, wherein the carbon atom number of the alkane diamines is 6-10；
The viscosity of the polyether glycol I II is 1000-2000mpa.s, hydroxyl value 350-500mgKOH/g, and average functionality is
3-5。
7. polyurethane rigid foam plastic according to claim 3, wherein
The polyether glycol I V is using the one of which in xylitol, sucrose and diethylenetriamine as initiator and oxyalkylene
Hydrocarbon is prepared by addition reaction, and the viscosity of the polyether glycol I V is 2000-4000mpa.s, hydroxyl value 350-
600mgKOH/g, average functionality 4-6.
8. the preparation method of the polyurethane rigid foam plastic described in a kind of any one of claim 1 to 7, including：
Combined polyether is carried out by predetermined ratio to mix to obtain the first mixture；
Foaming agent is added in first mixture, carries out mixing to obtain the second mixture；
Second mixture with isocyanates is mixed, membrane cavity is injected after mixing, the polyurethane is obtained after foaming curing
Rigid foam.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, wherein
The combined polyether stirs 2-3 hours under conditions of being 20-25 DEG C in temperature；
The foaming agent is 20-25 DEG C in temperature with first mixture, and stirring 2-3 is small under conditions of pressure is 1-2bar
When；
Second mixture is 20-25 DEG C in temperature with the isocyanates, and pressure mixes under conditions of being 120-130bar.
10. a kind of refrigerator, the thermal insulation material of the refrigerator is gathered using prepared by the preparation method described in the claims 8 or 9
Urethane rigid foam.
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Application publication date: 20180706 |