CN108249407B - Energy efficiency regulation and control system and method for water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device - Google Patents
Energy efficiency regulation and control system and method for water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108249407B CN108249407B CN201810055197.7A CN201810055197A CN108249407B CN 108249407 B CN108249407 B CN 108249407B CN 201810055197 A CN201810055197 A CN 201810055197A CN 108249407 B CN108249407 B CN 108249407B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy efficiency regulation and control system of a water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device, which comprises a liquid source, a liquid flow detection and regulation unit, a gas source, a gas flow detection and regulation unit, a water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device, a programmable AC/DC power supply, a PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, an electrical parameter detection unit, a spectrum detection unit and a data acquisition and regulation and control unit. Meanwhile, a system regulation and control method is also disclosed, and the optimal discharge environment is regulated by adopting a dielectric barrier discharge principle and electric parameter regulation and control. The invention can regulate and control the energy efficiency of the hydrogen peroxide preparation device and ensure that the hydrogen peroxide preparation device works in the optimal running state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy efficiency regulation and control system and method of a water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen peroxide preparation devices.
Background
The hydrogen peroxide is a green oxidant, the reaction product is pollution-free, can chemically react with most substances, has the characteristics of high reaction speed, small reaction dosage and controllable reaction, and is widely applied to the fields of bleaching industry, synthesis industry, electroplating industry, three-waste treatment, food, pharmaceutical industry and the like.
At present, the anthraquinone method is mainly adopted to produce hydrogen peroxide in industry, the production equipment investment is large, the volume is large, the problem that hydrogen peroxide is directly synthesized from hydroxide radical by adopting noble metal supported catalysts such as palladium, gold and the like cannot be avoided in the production process, and the defects of high selectivity, high conversion rate and the like cannot be obtained at the same time. Therefore, a system capable of regulating and controlling the energy efficiency of a hydrogen peroxide preparation device is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an energy efficiency regulation and control system and method for a water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the energy efficiency regulation and control system of the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device comprises a liquid source, a liquid flow detection and regulation unit, a gas source, a gas flow detection and regulation unit, a water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device, a programmable AC/DC power supply, a PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, an electrical parameter detection unit, a spectrum detection unit and a data acquisition and regulation and control unit;
the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device comprises a water film generation unit and a DBD reactor, wherein the water film generation unit generates a water film on the DBD reactor, and the DBD reactor generates hydrogen peroxide;
the air pump of the air source is connected with the air inlet of the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device through the air flow detection and adjustment unit, and the liquid pump of the liquid source is connected with the water film generation unit through the liquid flow detection and adjustment unit; the data acquisition and regulation unit is respectively connected with the programmable AC/DC power supply, the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, the electrical parameter detection unit and the spectrum detection unit; the programmable AC/DC power supply is also connected with a PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply supplies power to the DBD reactor, the electrical parameter detection unit measures the power supply voltage, the discharge current and the integral voltage of the DBD reactor, and the spectrum detection unit measures the relative spectral intensity of hydroxyl in the discharge gap of the DBD reactor.
The gas flow monitoring and adjusting unit comprises a gas flow adjusting unit and a gas flow monitoring unit which are sequentially connected, the gas flow adjusting unit is connected with the gas pump, and the gas flow monitoring unit is connected with the water film hydrogen peroxide preparation device.
The liquid detection and adjustment unit comprises a liquid flow adjustment unit and a liquid flow detection unit which are sequentially connected, the liquid flow adjustment unit is connected with the liquid pump, and the liquid flow detection unit is connected with the water film generation unit.
The water film generating unit comprises a water tank, the bottom of the water tank is provided with a through hole, and the bottom of the water tank is provided with a brush; the DBD reactor includes the action wheel, the film, a plurality of high voltage electrode, a plurality of low pressure electrode and collecting vat, high voltage electrode is the cylinder structure, action wheel and a plurality of high voltage electrode arrange in proper order, and constitute the conveyer belt structure with the film, every high voltage electrode's top all sets up a low pressure electrode, the brush goes out the water film on the upper film of conveyer belt structure, the position of water film of brushing is located first high voltage electrode upper reaches, the collecting vat is located conveyer belt structure below, a side is provided with the scraper blade, the scraper blade pastes with the lower floor's film of conveyer belt structure and leans on, scrape into the collecting vat with adnexed hydrogen.
The electrical parameter detection unit comprises a voltage attenuator, a voltage transformer and a current transformer, wherein the voltage attenuator is connected with the output end of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply and used for measuring the power supply voltage of the DBD reactor, the DBD reactor is grounded through an integrating capacitor, the voltage transformer is used for measuring the integrating voltage at two ends of the integrating capacitor, and the current transformer is used for measuring the discharge current in a grounding loop.
The device also comprises a compressor, and two ends of the compressor are respectively connected with an air outlet of the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device and an air pump.
The regulation and control method of the energy efficiency regulation and control system of the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device comprises the following steps,
initializing;
the electrical parameter detection unit measures the supply voltage of the DBD reactor, the discharge current of the DBD reactor and the integral voltage; the spectral detection unit measures the relative spectral intensity of hydroxyl in the discharge gap of the DBD reactor;
the data acquisition and regulation and control unit acquires and calculates measured data and carries out relative light quantum generation energy efficiency ratio evaluation;
and adjusting the parameter values of the output voltage and the power supply energy of the programmable AC/DC power supply to enable the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device to work in the optimal operation state, namely, the energy efficiency ratio relative to the generation of light quanta is highest.
The formula of the energy efficiency ratio generated by relative light quantum is,
wherein E iserFor relative photon yield energy efficiency ratio, I is the relative spectral intensity of the hydroxyl groups, Em,jTotal energy to power a power cycle;
Wherein E isd,aThe energy is averaged for a single power supply cycle,the number of power supply periods in one power regulation period,for the duty cycle, T, of the supply time in a power-regulating cycleon,jFor the duration of the supply, Tm,jFor a single power-regulating period, Td,iIn the case of a single power-on cycle,Ed,ifor a single supply cycle.
And adjusting the parameter values of the output voltage and the power supply energy of the programmable AC/DC power supply by adopting a Newton hill climbing method to enable the energy efficiency ratio of the generated relative light quantum to be highest.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects: 1. the invention can regulate and control the energy efficiency of the hydrogen peroxide preparation device and ensure that the hydrogen peroxide preparation device works in the optimal running state; 2. the hydrogen peroxide preparation device adopts a water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device and adopts a Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) principle to prepare hydrogen peroxide, so that a full-automatic production mode of collecting the product hydrogen peroxide from oxygen and water is realized, and hydrogen peroxide can be quickly prepared.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall functional block diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device;
FIG. 3 is an overall connection diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an attenuator structure;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method;
FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram of electrical parameter acquisition;
FIG. 7 is a typical power waveform for a power density modulated power supply;
FIG. 8(a) a power supply waveform under excitation of a high voltage AC power supply;
FIG. 8(b) typical Lissajous diagram of DBD;
FIG. 9 is a discharge current processing subroutine diagram;
FIG. 10 is a supply energy calculation subroutine diagram;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a power cycle start point lookup;
FIG. 12 is a single power cycle split flow;
FIG. 13 is a diagram of an equivalent parameter calculation subroutine;
FIG. 14 is a diagram of a relative light quantum generation energy efficiency ratio calculation subroutine;
FIG. 15 shows XX-E of Newton hill climbing methoderA drawing;
FIG. 16 is a process diagram of a programmable AC/DC power supply to regulate reactor supply voltage;
FIG. 17 shows the output voltage duty cycle and power supply frequency control principle of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply;
FIG. 18 illustrates a power cycle control scheme;
FIG. 19 is a circuit diagram of a power cycle control signal;
fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of supply frequency adjustment.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1, the energy efficiency regulation and control system of the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device includes a liquid source, a liquid flow detection and regulation unit, a gas source, a gas flow detection and regulation unit, a compressor, a water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device, a programmable AC/DC power supply, a PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, an electrical parameter detection unit, a spectrum detection unit, and a data acquisition and regulation and control unit.
A liquid pump of a liquid source is connected with the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device through a liquid detection and adjustment unit, an air pump of an air source is connected with an air inlet of the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device through an air flow monitoring and adjustment unit, two ends of a compressor are respectively connected with an air outlet and an air pump of the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device, so that the air can be recycled, and a data acquisition and regulation and control unit is respectively connected with a programmable AC/DC power supply, a PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, an electrical parameter detection unit and a spectrum detection unit; the programmable AC/DC power supply is also connected with a PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply supplies power to the DBD reactor, the electrical parameter detection unit measures the power supply voltage, the discharge current and the integral voltage of the DBD reactor, and the spectrum detection unit measures the relative spectral intensity of hydroxyl in the discharge gap of the DBD reactor.
The water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device comprises a box body 9, wherein a water film generation unit and a DBD reactor are arranged in the box body 9, the water film generation unit generates a water film on the DBD reactor, and the DBD reactor generates hydrogen peroxide.
The DBD reactor includes action wheel 2, film 3, a plurality of high voltage electrode 4, a plurality of low voltage electrode 6 and collecting vat, high voltage electrode 4 is the cylinder structure, the insulating cover of one deck is regarded as putting the dielectric layer on high voltage electrode 4, the material can be polytetrafluoroethylene, rubber etc., action wheel 2 and a plurality of high voltage electrode 4 are arranged in proper order, and constitute the conveyer belt structure with film 3, every high voltage electrode 4's top all sets up a low voltage electrode 6, low voltage electrode 6 is the strip, 5 sides in collecting vat are provided with the scraper blade, the scraper blade pastes with the lower floor film 3 of conveyer belt structure and pastes and leans on, scrape into collecting vat 5 with adnexed hydrogen peroxide.
The water film generating unit comprises a water tank 1, a through hole is formed in the bottom of the water tank 1, the aperture is generally 0.5 mm-2.5 mm in size, a brush 8 is arranged at the bottom of the water tank 1, the brush 8 brushes the water film on the upper-layer thin film 3 of the conveyor belt structure, the position of the water brushing film is located on the upstream of the first high-voltage electrode 4, liquid in the water tank 1 flows out along the through hole and flows to the thin film 3 along the brush 8, and the water film is formed along with the movement of the thin film 3.
Above-mentioned gas flow monitoring regulating unit not only can monitor gas flow, can also adjust gas flow, therefore this gas flow monitoring regulating unit is including gas flow regulating unit and the gas flow monitoring unit that connects gradually, and gas flow regulating unit connects the air pump, and gas flow regulating unit can adopt the governing valve, and gas flow monitoring unit connects water film hydrogen peroxide solution preparation facilities, and gas flow monitoring unit can adopt low flow vortex flowmeter, the V awl flowmeter, metal rotor flow meter or glass rotor flow meter.
Above-mentioned liquid flow monitoring regulating unit not only can monitor liquid flow, can also adjust liquid flow, therefore this liquid flow monitoring regulating unit is including the liquid flow regulation unit and the liquid flow monitoring unit that connect gradually, and liquid flow regulation unit connects the liquid pump, and liquid flow monitoring unit connects water film hydrogen peroxide solution preparation facilities.
As shown in fig. 3, the electrical parameter detection unit includes a voltage attenuator, a voltage transformer and a current transformer, the voltage attenuator is connected to the output end of the PDM high voltage excitation power supply, and measures the power supply voltage of the DBD reactor, the DBD reactor is grounded through an integrating capacitor, the voltage transformer measures the integrating voltage at both ends of the integrating capacitor, and the current transformer measures the discharge current in the ground loop. In order to observe the original data, an oscilloscope is arranged and is respectively connected with the electrical parameter detection unit and the data acquisition and regulation unit, and the power supply voltage, the integral voltage and the discharge current can be displayed in real time; for more automation, the gas flow monitoring and adjusting unit and the liquid flow monitoring and adjusting unit are connected with the data acquisition and regulation and control unit, so that the acquisition and control of flow are realized.
As shown in fig. 4, the voltage attenuator is a high voltage attenuator, the peak value of the power supply voltage is 20 to 40kV, and the high voltage signal is converted into the low voltage signal by adopting a capacitance voltage division method and is connected into the oscilloscope. VR (virtual reality)HIs the output of a PDM high voltage excitation power supply, i.e. DBDA high-voltage power supply end of the reactor; CH (CH)1Representing the supply voltage acquisition channel interface of an oscilloscope, C1And C2A high voltage capacitor is used.
The programmable AC/DC power supply is used for setting the input voltage of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply and the power of the whole system.
The PDM (power density modulation) high-voltage excitation power supply is used as an excitation power supply of the DBD reactor, and the power density, voltage and discharge intensity of power supply can be adjusted, so that the power supply condition of the DBD reactor changes with the working mode of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply.
The spectrum detection unit adopts a spectrometer for measuring the relative spectral intensity of hydroxyl in the discharge gap of the DBD reactor, and a probe 7 of the spectrometer is attached to the film 3.
The data acquisition and regulation unit can adopt an upper computer/a lower computer which is connected with external equipment through a concentrator, and the upper computer/the lower computer receives and processes electrical parameters (namely power supply voltage, discharge current and integral voltage) and relative spectral intensity and judges whether the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device works in an optimal running state (discharge state) or not, so that a programmable AC/DC power supply and a PDM high-voltage excitation power supply are controlled, and the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device is ensured to work in the optimal discharge state.
As shown in fig. 5, the method for regulating the system includes the following steps:
As shown in fig. 6, the power supply condition of the DBD reactor is changed according to the operation mode of the PDM high voltage excitation power supply, and the operation mode of the PDM high voltage excitation power supply is adjusted by changing the power supply time, the power supply frequency, and the duty ratio. In the discharging process, the DBD reactor is subjected to detection of relative spectral intensity, discharging current, power supply voltage and integral voltage, and an upper computer/a lower computer (a data acquisition and regulation and control unit) is used for calculating and processing data.
And 3, calculating the measured data by the data acquisition and regulation unit, and evaluating the relative light quantum generation energy efficiency ratio.
FIG. 7 is a typical power waveform of a PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, defining T in the diagramm,jFor a power density modulation period, called power regulation period for short, for a PDM high-voltage excitation power supply with fixed frequency, when the output power and voltage are regulated, Tm,jM represents the power regulation period, and j represents the number of the power regulation periods; defining T in the graphon,jFor a power supply duration within one power regulation period, consisting of a plurality of power supply periods, at Tm,jWhile stationary, by changing Ton,jThe supply energy can be changed. Therefore, for the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, the power supply voltage, the frequency of a single power supply period and the discharge times in one power supply period can be adjusted. Because the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply has the characteristics of discontinuous discharge, adjustable discharge frequency, variable number of power supply cycles and the like, a method for accumulating and calculating the energy of a single power supply cycle to obtain the total energy is designed.
By varying T in conjunction with the typical supply waveform diagram in the figureon,jTo adjust the power density, the following calculation method is used to obtain the power supply energy:
wherein E isd,iFor a single supply cycle energy, Td,iFor a single supply cycle, u (t) is the supply voltage, i (t) is the supply current.
The duty ratio of the power supply time in one power regulation period is the ratio of the power supply duration to the power regulation period, and is expressed as:
wherein D isjThe duty ratio of the power supply time in one power adjusting period is.
The number of power supply cycles in one power regulation cycle is represented as:
wherein n isdm,jThe number of power supply periods in one power regulation period.
Total energy supplied during one power-regulating cycle, i.e.
Wherein E ism,jThe total energy for supplying power for one power regulation period.
The total energy supplied by one power regulation period can also be obtained by averaging the energy in a single power supply period:
Em,j=ndm,jEd,a (5)
wherein E isd,aThe energy is averaged for a single power cycle.
When the DBD reactor is operated in a continuous state, the total number of supply cycles during run time can be expressed as:
wherein N ison,tIs the total number of power supply cycles, T, in the running timetIs the total time of operation.
The total supply energy is expressed as:
wherein E isTThe total supply energy.
According to the formulae (1), (6), (7) and (8):
as shown in fig. 8(a), a typical voltage current waveform of a PDM high voltage excitation power supply is shown. Fig. 8(a) is a waveform of a power supply cycle in which generation of micro-discharge can be observed, corresponding to the AB and CD periods marked in fig. 8(b), and having displacement currents in the periods marked BC and DA. Fig. 8(b) is a voltage charge lissajous diagram of the supply energy of the PDM high voltage excitation power supply. The energy of one supply cycle is proportional to the area of the lissajous figure. Partial discharge characteristics can be obtained by a lissajous figure.
Due to the fact that
Wherein, CmIs the capacitance value, u, of an external integrating capacitor in the ground loopm(t) is the accumulated charge voltage.
Wherein the supply energy is expressed as follows:
substituting formula (10) into formula (1) can obtain:
wherein S isd,iIs the area of the lissajous figure for the corresponding supply cycle.
Substituting (11) into (9), and representing the power supply energy by using the lissajous figure area, the total energy consumed by the DBD reactor (i.e. the total power supply energy) in the runtime can be obtained as follows:
using the coordinates of the four points in fig. 8(b), the equivalent capacitance of the DBD reactor can be calculated as follows:
wherein, C, CdAnd CgRespectively, the total equivalent capacitance, the dielectric capacitance and the discharge gap capacitance. The values of these capacitances can be changed by adjusting the supply voltage and the energy loaded on the DBD reactor, (U)x1,Uy1)、(Ux2,Uy2)、(Ux3,Uy3)、(Ux4,Uy4) And the coordinates of four vertexes of the Lissajous figure are represented, and the abscissa and the ordinate of each vertex are the voltage of the integrating capacitor and the power supply voltage at the corresponding time point respectively.
The relative spectral intensity of hydroxyl in a discharge area is taken as a regulation and control parameter for hydrogen peroxide synthesis, an energy efficiency ratio formula of relative photon generation of hydroxyl free radicals is defined as,
wherein E iserFor relative photon yield energy efficiency ratio, I is the relative spectral intensity of the hydroxyl group.
The relative light quantum generation energy efficiency ratio changes along with the change of the power supply energy, and the power supply energy is related to the power supply voltage and the number of power supply cycles. The supply voltage amplitude is obtained by changing the output voltage of the input voltage (programmable AC/DC power supply) of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply which outputs the supply voltageThe number of cycles determines the power density of the power supply. The maximum adjustable range of the power supply voltage is 10 to 30kV, and the duty ratio adjustment range of the PDM signal is Dj0 to 1. And in the adjusting range of the supply voltage and the number of the supply periods, after the optimal relative light quantum generation energy efficiency ratio is obtained, the optimal adjusting range of the supply voltage and the power density can be determined.
And respectively obtaining a power supply voltage peak-peak value, effective discharge time, micro-discharge average intensity, total power supply energy in system running time, single power supply period average energy, reactor equivalent capacitance and quantum generation energy efficiency ratio in the upper computer/lower computer (data acquisition and regulation unit) through a power supply voltage processing subprogram, a discharge current processing subprogram, a power supply energy calculation subprogram, an equivalent parameter calculation subprogram and a quantum generation energy efficiency ratio subprogram.
The first one is a supply voltage processing sub-program, and in the part, the supply voltage stored on the upper computer/the lower computer is only required to be automatically read, and then the peak value and the peak value of the supply voltage are obtained for display and output.
As shown in fig. 9, is a discharge current processing subroutine, which obtains the average microdischarge intensity and the total effective discharge time during operation. Automatically reading the discharge current, reconstructing the discharge current waveform, smoothing the obtained discharge current waveform (Savitzky-Golay smoothing algorithm), storing the smoothed current waveform data, and subtracting the smoothed current data from the original discharge current data to obtain the waveform data of the micro discharge current in the discharge process. And detecting the micro-discharge current data to obtain the discharge starting time and the discharge stopping time of each power supply period, and calculating the effective discharge time of a single power supply period, wherein the effective discharge time is the time of micro-discharge on the current waveform. And accumulating the effective discharge time of all power supply periods to obtain the total effective discharge time. In addition, the obtained micro-discharge current data is detected to obtain the micro-discharge pulse peak value of each power supply period, and the average micro-discharge intensity in the discharge process is calculated.
As shown in fig. 10, is a supply energy calculation subroutine, which obtains the average value of energy of individual supply periods during operation and the total supply energy. And automatically reading the power supply voltage and the integral voltage, and performing single-cycle Lissajous figure reconstruction according to the obtained data. Since the lissajous figure is a curve synthesized by two orthogonal vectors when the two orthogonal vectors periodically oscillate, the vibration frequencies of the two vectors are the same, and a closed figure can be synthesized. However, in the vibration process, the modulus of the vector is not fixed, so that the size of the synthesized pattern in each period is different. In the case of calculating the supply energy, it is necessary to calculate the area of the lissajous pattern for each cycle, and therefore, a rule for reconstructing the pattern, separating the pattern for each cycle, and establishing pattern separation is required.
The reconstruction process is as follows: and (4) carrying out graph reconstruction by taking the integral voltage as abscissa data and the power supply voltage as ordinate data. What is obtained at this time is a lissajous figure stacked for all supply periods. Since a single power supply cycle corresponds to a single lissajous pattern, a single cycle pattern separation is required.
When a Lissajous figure is drawn, a specific flow of single power supply period waveform data separation is as follows: reading data of power supply voltage, power supply current and integral voltage, and finding out the abscissa t corresponding to the maximum value of power supply voltage in the stored lengthaAbscissa t corresponding to the minimum point of the supply voltageb. In the discharge waveform of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, the maximum value and the minimum value of the power supply voltage are two adjacent extreme points, so taAnd tbIs the time of half a power supply cycle. In dielectric barrier discharge, the system is capacitive, and the phase of the power supply current leads 90 degrees than the power supply voltage, so that the abscissa of the maximum value and the minimum value of the power supply voltage corresponds to two adjacent zero points in the power supply current waveform. Selecting taAnd tbThe point of the two with smaller value is used for determining the power supply starting point in the power supply current waveform. Decreasing the abscissa of the selected point by half of the power supply period, judging the slope of the decreased point after each decrease, and if the slope is greater than a set threshold, indicating that the coordinate point continues to decrease until the slope is less than the set threshold in the power supply process; if the slope is less than the set threshold, the point is not indicatedIs a point in the power supply process. Regarding the point with the slope smaller than the set threshold, marking as a suspicious starting point p, regarding the last point with the slope larger than the set threshold, marking as q, and selecting the starting point by using a dichotomy in the range of (p, q), the specific steps are as follows: 1. taking the midpoint of p and q as m, and judging the slope of the midpoint; 2. if the slope is smaller than a set threshold, taking the horizontal coordinate of the middle point as a p point of a next range, and otherwise, taking the horizontal coordinate of the middle point as a q point of the next range; 3. if the interval length of p and q is smaller than the set threshold, the midpoint of (p and q) is the starting point, otherwise, repeating (1) and (2) until the interval length is smaller than the set threshold.
Starting from the starting point, increasing the abscissa of the supply current by one Td,iIf the slope is larger than the set threshold, the horizontal coordinate continues to increase progressively until the slope is smaller than the set threshold. And (3) marking the point with the slope smaller than the set threshold as a suspicious end point v, marking the last point with the slope larger than the set threshold as u, and selecting the end point by using a dichotomy in the range of (u, v), wherein the specific steps are similar to the step of searching the starting point.
And according to the determined starting point and the determined end point, dividing the interval into a plurality of small intervals with the length of one power supply period in the range from the starting point to the end point. And separating the data of the power supply voltage, the power supply current and the integral voltage according to the divided cells. Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of power supply cycle starting point search, and fig. 12 is a single power supply cycle separation flow.
After the Lissajous figures in a single power supply period are separately reconstructed, the reconstructed Lissajous figures are subjected to integral calculation of power supply voltage and integral voltage to obtain the area S of the Lissajous figuresd,i. Obtaining the energy E of a single power supply period according to the area of the lissajous and combining the formula (11)d,i. Obtaining the number n of power supply periods in one power regulation period according to the formulas (3) and (7)dm,jThen obtaining the power supply energy E of the power regulation period according to the formula (4)m,j. The average energy of a single power supply cycle is obtained by equation (6). Then according to the total number N of power supply cycles in the running timeon,tAnd formula(12) Accumulating the energy of each power supply period to obtain the total power supply energy in the system operation time, and comparing Ed,aAnd ETAnd (5) performing output display.
As shown in fig. 13, is an equivalent parameter calculation subroutine, which obtains the equivalent capacitance parameter of the reactor. And automatically reading the power supply voltage and the integral voltage, and reconstructing the Lissajous figure in a single period according to the obtained data. Obtaining the equivalent capacitance data C, C of a single power supply period of the device according to the formulas (13) - (15)dAnd Cg. And then averaging the capacitance values of all periods to obtain an equivalent capacitance average value.
FIG. 14 shows a relative photon generation energy efficiency ratio calculation subroutine for automatically reading relative spectral intensity data and reading E stored in the power supply energy processing subroutinem,jAnd (3) calculating the relative light quantum generation energy efficiency ratio through a formula (16), and displaying and outputting the result.
And 4, adjusting parameter values of the output voltage and the power supply energy of the programmable AC/DC power supply by adopting a Newton hill climbing method, so that the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device works in an optimal operation state, namely the energy efficiency ratio of the relative light quantum generation is highest.
As shown in FIG. 15, XX-E of Newton hill climbing methoderIn the figure, the horizontal axis represents Em,jThe vertical axis represents Eer. The Newton hill climbing method is also called as a disturbance observation method, and the specific working conditions of the Newton hill climbing method can be analyzed according to the upper graph as follows:
1. adding a disturbance variable, e.g. changing the power supply, to point A1 to cause E in the reactorerPoint B1 is reached;
2. detecting that the energy efficiency ratio of the relative light quantum of the DBD reactor is increased by increasing the power supply energy before detection, and continuing to increase disturbance variables in the original direction to enable the DBD reactor to work at a point C1;
3. continuing adding disturbance variables in the original direction to enable the DBD reactor to work at a point M1;
4. continuing adding disturbance variables in the original direction to enable the DBD reactor to work at a D1 point;
5. at which time a previous disturbance change is detectedThe energy efficiency ratio of relative light quantum generation of the DBD reactor is reduced, the original direction and disturbance variable are changed, and the E of the DBD reactor is enabled to beerThe point M1 is reached again;
6. continuing adding disturbance variables in the original direction to enable the DBD reactor to work at a C1 point;
7. finally, the DBD reactor fluctuates among three working points, namely a point C1, a point M1 and a point D1;
the disturbance variable in the algorithm can be the power supply voltage and the power supply energy of one power regulation period. By using the method, the optimal relative light quantum generation energy efficiency ratio can be determined, and the corresponding discharge condition can be obtained, so that the optimal discharge parameter adjusting range can be determined.
Several cases in which regulation is required in actual discharge are as follows.
For dielectric barrier discharge, charged particles, photons, shock waves and neutral particles generated in a discharge region collide with each other, and reactions such as excitation, dissociation and decomposition occur to generate active species (such as ultraviolet rays, hydroxyl radicals, oxygen atom radicals, ozone, hydrogen peroxide and the like). Electron collisions are the most important source of active species, and when an electron collides with a molecule, it can only act on the molecule if the electron energy is higher than the chemical bond energy of the molecule. The active species thus generates a precondition for generating high-energy electrons, so that a better discharge effect can be obtained if a higher energy and density of electron beams can be obtained during the interaction of the electrons with the substance.
A. Changing the peak value of the power supply period;
in the DBD reactor, the greater the electric field strength between two electrodes, the greater the electron energy between the electrodes. Whereas the electric field strength between the electrodes is adjusted by the supply voltage applied across the DBD reactor, since the distance between the electrodes is fixed. By varying the supply voltage to the reactor, the electron energy in the discharge region changes, resulting in a change in the reaction rate and also in the production of different reaction products.
It is traditionally considered that the higher the supply voltage on a DBD reactor the better, but if the voltage is too high, the technology of the high voltage excitation power supply on the one hand is difficult to detect, and on the other hand there is also a difficulty in detecting the voltage signal. Therefore, in the above system, after the programmable AC/DC power supply and the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply start to operate, the upper computer/lower computer adjusts the output voltage of the programmable AC/DC power supply from an initial state, changes the supply voltage of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, and the process of adjusting the supply voltage by the programmable AC/DC power supply is as shown in fig. 16. The output voltage of the programmable AC/DC power supply is used as the input voltage of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, the high-voltage DC voltage with variable amplitude is obtained through DC/DC conversion, the high-voltage DC voltage obtains alternating current voltage through the full-bridge inverter circuit, and the alternating current voltage passes through the step-up transformer to obtain the required output voltage. And connecting the DBD reactor to the output end of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply for discharging. Through the processes, the output voltage of the programmable AC/DC power supply is changed through the upper computer/the lower computer, and then the power supply voltage of the DBD reactor can be changed.
And along with the change of the power supply voltage, the upper computer/the lower computer calculates the power supply energy according to the detected data, and evaluates the relative light quantum generation energy efficiency ratio by combining the spectral intensity. The best E is found in the process of adjusting the power supply voltage by adopting a Newton hill climbing algorithmerThe corresponding power supply voltage range monitors the power supply voltage in real time in the operation process, regulates and controls the programmable AC/DC power supply in real time, and changes the power supply voltage to keep the power supply voltage in the optimal range. The most frequently occurring situation is that the optimal power supply voltage corresponds to a programmable AC/DC power supply output range at the beginning of operation, and as the discharging progresses, the set programmable AC/DC power supply output voltage is not enough to provide a large enough power supply voltage at the later stage of discharging, and at this time, the output voltage of the programmable AC/DC power supply needs to be adjusted high to control the power supply voltage within the optimal range.
B. Changing the power supply energy;
under the condition of constant supply voltage, the electron energy of a single electron is constant, and at the moment, if the discharge effect is improved, the method can be started from the aspect of changing the concentration of active species generated by discharge. By changing the electron concentration inside the DBD reactor, the concentration of the active ingredient can be changed. The increase in electron concentration being macroscopically manifested as a flow through the systemThe current increases and thus the electron concentration is adjusted, i.e. the discharge current is changed. The current, i.e. the energy supplied to the reactor, is varied with a constant supply voltage. In PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, T is increasedon,jThe power density, i.e. the duty cycle, is varied, thereby varying the supply energy. Through the process, the electron concentration in the reactor is improved, and the concentration of active species is improved, namely the reaction rate of air purification treatment is improved.
Fig. 17 shows the output voltage duty ratio and power supply frequency control principle of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply. The purpose of changing the duty ratio and the frequency of an output waveform is achieved by controlling the switching state of a switching tube in the full-bridge inverter circuit. V for passing power regulation period control waveform and power supply period control waveform through AND gate circuit respectively01And V02Port for obtaining control waveform of power supply output waveform and controlling switching tube Q in inverter circuit1And Q4The state of (1). In addition, a group of control waveforms with opposite phases are provided for controlling the switching tube Q2And Q3The state of (1). The two groups of switch tubes are alternatively conducted. The voltage output by the inverter circuit passes through a high-frequency pulse booster, and the primary level of the transformer is LpThe secondary is Ls, and the secondary output of the transformer is the output of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply. The duty ratio of the output power supply waveform of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply is controlled by the high-level time in the power regulation period control waveform. By changing the duty ratio, the number of power supply cycles in the output power supply waveform can be adjusted, and the power supply energy is changed.
The duty cycle of the power cycle as shown in fig. 18 can be adjusted by the following process: combining the triangular wave with a variable DC voltage VadjWhen the level of the triangular wave is higher than V by the voltage comparatoradjThe comparator outputs high level when the level of the triangular wave is lower than VadjThe comparator outputs low level, and the output waveform of the comparator is used as the control waveform of the power adjusting period. So by changing VadjCan control the duty ratio of the power supply period in the power regulation period, thereby changing the power supply energy.
Fig. 19 is a circuit diagram for generating a power cycle control signal. Schmitt trigger U1For generation of pulse waveforms, VDACAs a direct current bias of a schmitt trigger, the capacitance C can be variedtThereby changing the frequency of the square wave generated by the schmitt trigger.
Wherein, the formula (18) represents the input-output relationship of the Schmitt trigger, ViRepresenting the input voltage, V, of a Schmitt triggerDACIs a DC bias of a Schmitt trigger, VoIs the output voltage, t is the capacitance CtCharging time of RtIs the impedance of a resistor in parallel with the schmitt trigger.
Passing the pulse waveform generated by the Schmitt trigger through a D trigger U2A stable 50% duty cycle square wave is generated. Then the square wave signal is passed through triangular wave generation circuit to produce triangular wave signal and the produced variable D.C. voltage VadjAnd outputting a power regulation period control waveform through the voltage comparator. Therefore, the specific output signal of the MCU in the circuit is changed through the upper computer/the lower computer, and V is changedadjThe duty ratio of the power regulation period control signal can be changed, and the purpose of changing the power supply energy of the reactor can be achieved.
The upper computer/the lower computer is connected with the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, and along with the change of power supply conditions, the upper computer/the lower computer calculates power supply energy according to detected data and evaluates the energy efficiency ratio of relative light quantum generation by combining spectral intensity. The best E is found in the process of adjusting power supply energy by adopting a Newton hill climbing algorithmerCorresponding power cycle duty cycle range. The power supply period is monitored in real time in the system operation process, the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply is regulated and controlled, and one power regulation period T is changed by regulating a power regulation period control signalm,jMiddle power supply period Ton,jThe duty cycle of (c) to keep the supply energy of the DBD reactor within an optimal working range.
C. Changing the supply voltage frequency;
the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply and the DBD reactor form a series resonant loop. Assuming that the resonant inductance value in the high-voltage excitation power supply is L, the equivalent capacitance value of the DBD reactor is C, and the impedance Z of the loop is:
wherein R is the resistance of the loop, ω L is the inductive reactance in the power supply,is the capacitive reactance of the reactor. When the following conditions are met, the circuit appears purely resistive, reaching a series resonance.
Due to the fact that
ωt=2πft (20)
Wherein f istRepresenting the repetition frequency, ωtRepresenting the angular frequency of the output electrical voltage of the high voltage excitation power supply.
In the dielectric barrier discharge, as the discharge process proceeds, the equivalent capacitance of the DBD reactor changes. Due to the matching relationship between the capacitive reactor and the inductive excitation power supply, when the equivalent capacitance of the DBD reactor changes, the matching characteristic of the DBD reactor and the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply is reduced. Under the condition that the input voltage of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply is the same, the peak value of the high-voltage excitation voltage generated by the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply is reduced, namely the power supply voltage injected into the reactor is reduced originally, and only when the power supply frequency of the power supply is closer to the resonance frequency of the electrode, the better the discharge effect is. At the moment, the upper computer/the lower computer needs to adjust the power supply frequency of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, so that the power supply voltage of the DBD reactor is improved, the discharge intensity of the reactor is improved, and the system is in the state ofWorking at optimum EerWithin the range.
In order to evaluate whether resonance matching is achieved, the ratio of the energy of the output end to the energy of the input end of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply is defined as the energy efficiency p of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply
Wherein u isOUT,iOUTVoltage and current u at the output of PDM high voltage excitation power supplyIN,iINThe voltage and the current of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply input end are respectively.
When the equivalent capacitance C of the DBD reactor is changed according to the formula (21), the natural repetition frequency f of the systemtWhen the power supply frequency of the power supply needs to be adjusted, the system achieves resonance matching when the energy efficiency p of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply is the highest according to the formula (22). In the system, the change of the power supply frequency can be directly passed through Td,iIs observed, thus, when C is changed, T is changedd,iThe matching effect of the power supply can be changed and thus the discharge state can be changed.
In the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, the control signal schematic diagram of the power supply period is shown in figure 20, the circuit working principle is the same as that shown in figure 19, and V is changedDAC1The frequency of the supply cycle control signal is adjusted. Therefore, change VDAC1T in the output power supply voltage of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply can be adjusted by changing the frequency of the power supply period control signald,iThe purpose of changing the matching state of the circuit and changing the discharging effect is achieved. In the working process of the system, the upper computer/the lower computer generates an energy efficiency ratio E to the relative light quantum according to the detected dataerEvaluation was performed. Period of power supply to the reactor Td,iAnd adjusting to enable the system to work at a resonance matching point.
The invention can regulate and control the energy efficiency of the hydrogen peroxide preparation device and ensure that the hydrogen peroxide preparation device works in the optimal running state; meanwhile, the hydrogen peroxide preparation device adopts a water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device and adopts a Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) principle to prepare hydrogen peroxide, so that a full-automatic production mode of collecting the product hydrogen peroxide from oxygen and water is realized, and hydrogen peroxide can be quickly prepared.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. Energy efficiency regulation and control system of water film discharge hydrogen peroxide solution preparation facilities, its characterized in that: the device comprises a liquid source, a liquid flow detection and regulation unit, a gas source, a gas flow detection and regulation unit, a water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device, a programmable AC/DC power supply, a PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, an electrical parameter detection unit, a spectrum detection unit and a data acquisition and regulation unit;
the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device comprises a water film generation unit and a DBD reactor, wherein the water film generation unit generates a water film on the DBD reactor, and the DBD reactor generates hydrogen peroxide;
the air pump of the air source is connected with the air inlet of the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device through the air flow detection and adjustment unit, and the liquid pump of the liquid source is connected with the water film generation unit through the liquid flow detection and adjustment unit; the data acquisition and regulation unit is respectively connected with the programmable AC/DC power supply, the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, the electrical parameter detection unit and the spectrum detection unit; the programmable AC/DC power supply is also connected with a PDM high-voltage excitation power supply, the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply supplies power to the DBD reactor, the electrical parameter detection unit measures the power supply voltage, the discharge current and the integral voltage of the DBD reactor, and the spectrum detection unit measures the relative spectral intensity of hydroxyl in the discharge gap of the DBD reactor;
the liquid detection and regulation unit comprises a liquid flow regulation unit and a liquid flow detection unit which are sequentially connected, the liquid flow regulation unit is connected with the liquid pump, and the liquid flow detection unit is connected with the water film generation unit;
the water film generating unit comprises a water tank, the bottom of the water tank is provided with a through hole, and the bottom of the water tank is provided with a brush; the DBD reactor includes the action wheel, the film, a plurality of high voltage electrode, a plurality of low pressure electrode and collecting vat, high voltage electrode is the cylinder structure, action wheel and a plurality of high voltage electrode arrange in proper order, and constitute the conveyer belt structure with the film, every high voltage electrode's top all sets up a low pressure electrode, the brush goes out the water film on the upper film of conveyer belt structure, the position of water film of brushing is located first high voltage electrode upper reaches, the collecting vat is located conveyer belt structure below, a side is provided with the scraper blade, the scraper blade pastes with the lower floor's film of conveyer belt structure and leans on, scrape into the collecting vat with adnexed hydrogen.
2. The energy efficiency regulation and control system of the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gas flow monitoring and adjusting unit comprises a gas flow adjusting unit and a gas flow monitoring unit which are sequentially connected, the gas flow adjusting unit is connected with the gas pump, and the gas flow monitoring unit is connected with the water film hydrogen peroxide preparation device.
3. The energy efficiency regulation and control system of the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electrical parameter detection unit comprises a voltage attenuator, a voltage transformer and a current transformer, wherein the voltage attenuator is connected with the output end of the PDM high-voltage excitation power supply and used for measuring the power supply voltage of the DBD reactor, the DBD reactor is grounded through an integrating capacitor, the voltage transformer is used for measuring the integrating voltage at two ends of the integrating capacitor, and the current transformer is used for measuring the discharge current in a grounding loop.
4. The energy efficiency regulation and control system of the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device also comprises a compressor, and two ends of the compressor are respectively connected with an air outlet of the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device and an air pump.
5. The regulation and control method of the energy efficiency regulation and control system of the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
initializing;
the electrical parameter detection unit measures the supply voltage of the DBD reactor, the discharge current of the DBD reactor and the integral voltage; the spectral detection unit measures the relative spectral intensity of hydroxyl in the discharge gap of the DBD reactor;
the data acquisition and regulation and control unit acquires and calculates measured data and carries out relative light quantum generation energy efficiency ratio evaluation;
and adjusting the parameter values of the output voltage and the power supply energy of the programmable AC/DC power supply to enable the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device to work in the optimal operation state, namely, the energy efficiency ratio relative to the generation of light quanta is highest.
6. The regulation and control method of the energy efficiency regulation and control system of the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the formula of the energy efficiency ratio generated by relative light quantum is,
wherein E iserFor relative photon yield energy efficiency ratio, I is the relative spectral intensity of the hydroxyl groups, Em,jTotal energy to power a power cycle;
Wherein E isd,aThe energy is averaged for a single power supply cycle,the number of power supply periods in one power regulation period,for the duty cycle, T, of the supply time in a power-regulating cycleon,jFor the duration of the supply, Tm,jFor a single power-regulating period, Td,iIs supplied singlyThe period of the electricity is as follows,Ed,ifor a single supply cycle.
7. The regulation and control method of the energy efficiency regulation and control system of the water film discharge hydrogen peroxide preparation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: and adjusting the parameter values of the output voltage and the power supply energy of the programmable AC/DC power supply by adopting a Newton hill climbing method to enable the energy efficiency ratio of the generated relative light quantum to be highest.
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