CN108246828B - Method for preparing high-silicon steel wire by electro-plastic drawing method - Google Patents

Method for preparing high-silicon steel wire by electro-plastic drawing method Download PDF

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CN108246828B
CN108246828B CN201810003352.0A CN201810003352A CN108246828B CN 108246828 B CN108246828 B CN 108246828B CN 201810003352 A CN201810003352 A CN 201810003352A CN 108246828 B CN108246828 B CN 108246828B
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silicon steel
steel wire
pulse
current density
electro
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CN108246828A (en
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叶丰
温识博
韩潮雨
梁永锋
赵冬
薛少伟
石祥聚
张豹
林均品
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
    • B21C37/047—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire of fine wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing high-silicon steel wires by an electro-plastic drawing method, and belongs to the field of metal materials. Wherein the high silicon steel contains 3.5-7.5 wt% of Si, 0-0.1 wt% of C, 0-0.10 wt% of B, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The method takes a high-silicon steel wire as an initial raw material, performs electro-plastic drawing at the drawing speed of 0.1-3 m/min at the temperature of 20-200 ℃ under the appropriate electric pulse parameters, and can obtain the high-silicon steel wire with the diameter of 0.3-1 mm through multi-pass drawing. The technical scheme of the invention has the advantages of simple operation, no need of annealing and electric furnace heating, production cost reduction, high yield, excellent surface quality of the obtained wire, no oxidation on the surface, uniform diameter and more excellent room temperature plasticity and magnetic property of the high silicon steel wire.

Description

Method for preparing high-silicon steel wire by electro-plastic drawing method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a high-silicon steel wire by an electro-plastic drawing method.
Background
silicon steel, also called electrical steel, is an excellent soft magnetic material used for making iron cores of equipment such as motors, transformers and the like. When the Si content is more than 3.5%, the high-silicon steel is called high-silicon steel, the resistivity is increased along with the increase of the Si content, the maximum magnetic conductivity is increased, the iron loss is reduced, and the soft magnetic performance is more excellent, so that the high-silicon steel is more suitable for being processed into iron cores and used for high-speed high-frequency motors and the like. However, the soft magnetic property is improved, and the processing property is poor, so that the industrial production is difficult to realize by adopting the traditional rolling or drawing method.
in recent years, new processes have been developed to produce high silicon steel sheet or wire. Such as chemical vapor deposition [ Takada Y, Abe M, Masuda S, Inagaki J.commercial Scale Production of Fe-6.5 wt.% Si Sheet and its Magnetic properties. journal of Applied Physics,1988,64(10):5367-5369], rapid solidification strip-Spinning [ Liang Y F, Wang S, Li H, et al.Fabrication of Fe-6.5 wt.% Si Ribbons by Melt Spinning on Melt Scale, Advances in materials Science and Engineering,2015] and stepwise plasticization rolling [ Linnam, leaf abundance, Chen Science et al.6.5 wt.% high Si thin Sheet preparation process, structure and properties, 2007.2,2:13-16] to obtain high Si thin steel using hot rolled thin steel [ thin steel J.hot rolled steel, tensile F, tensile steel J.5. hot rolled steel J.S. hot rolled steel, tensile steel J.S. tensile steel, tensile steel J.6.5 wt.% hot rolled steel H, tensile steel J., 2014,186:79-82] preparing high silicon steel wires. However, the high-silicon steel wire prepared by the hot drawing method in the article has extremely low yield, bamboo joints, a large amount of graphite coating on the surface of the high-silicon steel wire and poor integral quality. In addition, the prepared high silicon steel wire has a large diameter and poor magnetic performance, and is difficult to apply. The electro-plastic drawing of the high-silicon steel wire belongs to low-temperature or room-temperature drawing, lubricating oil is adopted for lubrication, the defects such as oxidation and the like cannot be generated, the surface quality of the wire drawn at low temperature or room temperature is excellent, and the defects generated when the high-silicon steel wire is prepared by a hot drawing method are avoided, so that the electro-plastic drawing method is extremely important for preparing the high-silicon steel wire.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of bamboo joint, a large amount of graphite coating on the surface, poor overall quality, thick wire, poor magnetic performance, low yield and the like in the process of preparing high-silicon steel wire by using a rotary swaging-hot drawing method, and provides a method for preparing the high-silicon steel wire by using an electro-plastic drawing method. The high-silicon steel wire prepared by the electro-plastic drawing method has the advantages of excellent surface quality, no surface oxidation, uniform diameter, more excellent room-temperature plasticity and magnetic property, high yield, simple operation and no need of intermediate annealing treatment.
in order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing high-silicon steel wires by an electro-plastic drawing method comprises the following steps of 3.5-7.5 wt% of Si, 0-0.1 wt% of C, 0-0.10 wt% of B and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
The method comprises the following steps:
S1: cutting the high-silicon steel wire into a proper length according to the parameters and the performance of electro-plastic drawing equipment;
S2: adjusting proper electric pulse parameters, and maintaining stable pulse current for more than 2 min;
S3: controlling the drawing temperature to be 20-200 ℃, the drawing speed to be 0.1-3 m/min, and lubricating the high-silicon steel in the drawing process;
S4: and repeating the step S3 for multiple times, controlling the surface reduction rate of each pass to be 3-10%, and finally obtaining the high-silicon steel wire.
further, the diameter of the wire rod of high silicon steel is 2 ~ 4mm, selects the high silicon steel wire rod of suitable diameter, can satisfy the requirement of electro-plastic drawing equipment, improves production efficiency to obtain the silk material of final required diameter.
Further, in step S2, the electric pulse parameters include one or more of pulse voltage, pulse frequency, peak current density, and root mean square current density. In controlling the above electric pulse parameters, the temperature, drawing force, etc. of the high silicon steel in the drawing process can be changed. The selection of proper parameters is beneficial to obtaining high-silicon steel wires with excellent surface quality, and in addition, different electric pulse parameters can also influence the mechanical property and the magnetic property of the wires.
Further, in step S2, the electric pulse parameter includes a pulse voltage, and the pulse voltage is 5-10V.
Further, in step S2, the electric pulse parameters include a pulse frequency, and the pulse frequency is 100 to 800 Hz.
further, in step S2, the electric pulse parameters include a peak current density, and the peak current density is 25-400A/mm2。
further, in step S2, the electrical pulse parameters include a root mean square current density, and the root mean square current density is 3 to 10A/mm2。
Further, in step S3, the lubrication is performed using a lubricating oil.
Further, in step S4, the high silicon steel wire with a diameter of 0.3-1 mm is drawn out at room temperature. By reasonably setting parameters such as electric pulse parameters, drawing speed and surface shrinkage in the drawing process, the high-silicon steel wire with the diameter range of 0.3-1 mm and excellent surface quality can be obtained.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. The technical scheme of the invention effectively solves the problems of bamboo joint, a large amount of graphite coating on the surface, poor overall quality, thick wire, poor magnetic performance, low yield and the like in the process of preparing the high-silicon steel wire by the rotary swaging-hot drawing method.
2. The high-silicon steel wire prepared by the electro-plastic drawing method has high yield, and the obtained wire has excellent surface quality, no surface oxidation, uniform diameter and more excellent room-temperature plasticity and magnetic property.
3. The method for preparing the high-silicon steel wire by the electro-plastic drawing method has the advantages of no need of heating, reduction of production cost, simple operation and high automation degree.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a hysteresis loop of an electro-plastically drawn high silicon steel wire having a diameter of 1.5mm in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the room temperature mechanical properties of the high silicon steel wire having a diameter of 0.5mm electroplastically drawn in example 2.
Detailed Description
example 1
The high-silicon steel wire comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6.51% of Si, 0.09% of C, 0.0004% of B and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, the diameter of which is 2mm and the length of which is 30 cm.
The pulse voltage is adjusted to be 8-10V, and the peak current density is adjusted to be 100-400A/mm2root mean square current density of 7 to 10A/mm2And maintaining stable pulse current for 2min, controlling the surface shrinkage of each pass to be 3-5% by performing multi-pass drawing at the drawing speed of 0.1-1 m/min within the temperature range of 100-200 ℃, gradually reducing the electric pulse parameters along with the increase of the passes in the drawing process, and lubricating by using lubricating oil to finally obtain the high-silicon steel wire with the diameter of 1 mm.
The wire with the diameter of 1.5mm obtained in the drawing process is subjected to direct current magnetic property test, and the maximum magnetic conductivity mu of the wire ismUp to 2.9X 105The coercive force Hc was 14.8A/m.
Example 2
The high-silicon steel wire comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6.51% of Si, 0.09% of C, 0.0004% of B and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, the diameter of which is 3mm and the length of which is 25 cm.
The pulse voltage is adjusted to be 8-10V, and the peak current density is adjusted to be 100-400A/mm2Root mean square current density of 7 to 10A/mm2And maintaining stable pulse current for 2min, controlling the surface shrinkage of each pass to be 3-5% by performing multi-pass drawing at the drawing speed of 0.1-1 m/min within the temperature range of 100-200 ℃, gradually reducing the electric pulse parameters along with the increase of the passes in the drawing process, and lubricating by using lubricating oil to finally obtain the high-silicon steel wire with the diameter of 1 mm. .
Regulating the pulse voltage to 5-8V and the peak current density to 25-100A/mm2Root mean square current density of 3 to 7A/mm2And maintaining stable pulse current for 3min, and carrying out second-stage drawing on the obtained 1mm high-silicon steel wire at the temperature of 20-100 ℃, wherein in the drawing process, the electric pulse parameters are gradually reduced along with the increase of passes to obtain the high-silicon steel wire with the diameter of 0.5 mm.
The room temperature plasticity of the obtained 0.5mm high silicon steel wire can reach 5.5 percent by measuring the mechanical property
Example 3
the high-silicon steel wire comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6.52% of Si, 0.058% of C, 0.029% of B and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and has a diameter of 2.5mm and a length of 20 cm.
The pulse voltage is adjusted to be 8-10V, and the peak current density is adjusted to be 100-400A/mm2Root mean square current density of 7 to 10A/mm2And maintaining stable pulse current for 2min, controlling the surface shrinkage of each pass to be 3-5% by performing multi-pass drawing at the drawing speed of 0.1-1 m/min within the temperature range of 100-200 ℃, gradually reducing the electric pulse parameters along with the increase of the passes in the drawing process, and lubricating by using lubricating oil to finally obtain the high-silicon steel wire with the diameter of 1 mm. .
Regulating the pulse voltage to 5-8V and the peak current density to 25-100A/mm2Root mean square current density of 3 to 7A/mm2And maintaining stable pulse current for 3min, and carrying out second-stage drawing on the obtained 1mm high-silicon steel wire at the temperature of 20-100 ℃, wherein in the drawing process, the electric pulse parameters are gradually reduced along with the increase of passes to obtain the high-silicon steel wire with the diameter of 0.3 mm.
The technical idea and characteristics of the present invention are described above, and further improvements or modifications may be made in the technical field without departing from the technical principle and process of the present invention, and the improvements or modifications should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for preparing high silicon steel wires by an electro-plastic drawing method is characterized in that the high silicon steel wires contain 3.5-7.5 wt% of Si, 0-0.1 wt% of C, 0-0.10 wt% of B and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the preparation steps are as follows:
S1: cutting the high-silicon steel wire into a proper length according to the parameters and the performance of electro-plastic drawing equipment;
S2: adjusting proper electric pulse parameters, and maintaining stable pulse current for more than 2 min;
S3: controlling the drawing temperature to be 20-200 ℃, the drawing speed to be 0.1-3 m/min, and lubricating the high-silicon steel in the drawing process;
s4: repeating the step S3 for multiple times, controlling the surface shrinkage of each pass to be 3-10%, and finally obtaining the high-silicon steel wire;
The diameter of the high-silicon steel wire rod is 2-4 mm;
In step S3, the lubrication is performed by using a lubricating oil;
In the step S4, finally, drawing out a high-silicon steel wire with the diameter of 0.3-1 mm at room temperature;
In step S2, the electrical pulse parameters include one or more of pulse voltage, pulse frequency, peak current density, and root mean square current density.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the electric pulse parameters include pulse voltage, and the pulse voltage is 5-10V.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the parameters of the electric pulse include pulse frequency, and the pulse frequency is 100-800 Hz.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrical pulse parameters include a peak current density in the step S2, and the peak current density is 25-400A/mm2。
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the electrical pulse parameters include a root mean square current density, and the root mean square current density is 3-10A/mm2。
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CN111910062A (en) * 2020-08-14 2020-11-10 德清林缘金属制品有限公司 One-step steel wire hot drawing process
CN114798800A (en) * 2022-05-11 2022-07-29 中北大学 Preparation process of heavy rare earth magnesium alloy wire for electric arc additive

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CN102489533A (en) * 2011-12-04 2012-06-13 西北有色金属研究院 Electroplastic drawing device of MgB2 wire and drawing method thereof
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