CN108244103A - The purposes of tsaoko essential oil and its emulsion as pesticide - Google Patents
The purposes of tsaoko essential oil and its emulsion as pesticide Download PDFInfo
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- CN108244103A CN108244103A CN201810019834.5A CN201810019834A CN108244103A CN 108244103 A CN108244103 A CN 108244103A CN 201810019834 A CN201810019834 A CN 201810019834A CN 108244103 A CN108244103 A CN 108244103A
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- tsaoko
- essential oil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aliphatically bound aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N49/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds containing the group, wherein m+n>=1, both X together may also mean —Y— or a direct carbon-to-carbon bond, and the carbon atoms marked with an asterisk are not part of any ring system other than that which may be formed by the atoms X, the carbon atoms in square brackets being part of any acyclic or cyclic structure, or the group, wherein A means a carbon atom or Y, n>=0, and not more than one of these carbon atoms being a member of the same ring system, e.g. juvenile insect hormones or mimics thereof
Abstract
The present invention relates to the purposes of tsaoko essential oil and its emulsion as pesticide, can be widely used for the prevention of Agriculture, forestry And Animal Husbandry crop pathogens.The tsaoko essential oil contains the characteristic component of following content by weight：(1) 1,8 cineole：45 65%；And (2) citral：1 3.5%.The composition of the tsaoko essential oil emulsion by weight is as follows：(1) 10 parts of tsaoko essential oil；(2) 20 35 parts of solvent；(3) 5 15 parts of auxiliary agent；(4) 40 55 parts of water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the purposes as pesticide of tsaoko essential oil and its emulsion of plant source, can be widely used for Agriculture, forestry And Animal Husbandry crop
The prevention of pathogen.
Background technology
Pesticide plays highly important effect in agriculture forest and husbandry production, endangers agriculture forest and husbandry production available for prevention
Harmful organism.Currently used pesticide is mainly chemical synthesis pesticide, and wherein bactericide agricultural chemicals are mainly organic phosphates, two sulphur
Change ammonia formiate, sulfamic acid class, thiosulfonic acid esters, trichloro-methylthio class, organophosphorus compounds, organo-arsenic class are organic
Tin class, organic sulfur class, benzene class, heterocyclic etc..The chemical bactericide of these types with sterilization, fungistatic effect while usually
Along with certain toxicity.
Long-term consumption by the vegetables of pollution by pesticides be cause cancer, artery sclerosis, angiocardiopathy, fetal anomaly, stillborn foetus,
Early die young, the major reason of the diseases such as early ageing.Therefore, more and more national safeties for all paying much attention to agricultural product in the world,
It is very stringent to the limitation of pesticide residue, because the security relationship of agricultural product is to national economy.Meanwhile pesticide residue is exceeded
It is agricultural product inlet and outlet frequently problem, affects competitiveness of the agricultural product in international market.With people's health consciousness
Raising, reduce persticide residue, make great efforts exploitation novel agrochemical have become the task of top priority.
Natural plants are tellurian resource treasure-houses, and the mankind, which have natural plant object Quality Research thousands of years, to go through
History is the main source of drug.In recent years, with people to plant source preparation the spies such as natural, healthy, less toxic, no chemical residues
The understanding of point, demand of the world market to natural health raw produce also increasingly increase, and the development of plant extracts industry is more next
It is faster.Therefore, in recent years, plant source preparation research and development and application gradually obtain the attention of insider, and obtained length
The development of foot.
Botanical pesticide is the pesticide using plant resource explorations, if from naturally, plant is led in itself without toxicity
Often do not polluted the environment as the botanical pesticide prepared by plant and agricultural product, in environment and human body will not cumulative toxicity, it is right
People and livestock are comparatively safe.Moreover, botanical pesticide is not usually a kind of single compound, be plant organism whole or
A part of organic substance of person, complicated component, pest or harmful microorganism are difficult to it to generate resistance, have low toxicity, low-residual
The characteristics of, therefore, botanical pesticide has vast market prospect.
The exploitation of plant-based bacteriostat pesticide is concentrated mainly on composite family, pulse family, Umbelliferae, grass family, Labiatae, wood at present
The sections such as orchid family, Aristolochiaceae, polygonaceae, Oleaceae, Liliaceae, Curcurbitaceae, Cyperaceae, Cruciferae and Lauraceae.Wherein, there is suppression
The substance of bacterium activity is terpenes, alkaloid, phenols, polyacetylene class, unique polypeptide and polysaccharide etc..
Tsaoko (Amomum tsaoko) is Zingiber (Zingiberaceae), the plant of Amomum (Amomum) perennial herb
Object is distributed mainly on the provinces and regions such as the Yunnan, Guangxi, Guizhou in China.Tsaoko has special strong pungent fragrance, mainly seasons
Fragrance is the good merchantable brand in cooking sauce.At present, rarely have from zingiberaceous plant and obtain report of the plant extracts as botanical pesticide
Road.
Invention content
Tsaoko essential oil and its emulsion the present invention relates to the fruit extraction from drying and ripening tsaoko is as botanical pesticide
Purposes.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides purposes of the tsaoko essential oil as botanical pesticide, the tsaoko essential oil contain with
The characteristic component of the following content of weight meter：
(1) 1,8- cineoles：45-65%；
(2) australene：2-4%；
(3) geraniol：0-4%；With
(4) geranial：5-8%.
Preferably, by weight, the content of 1,8- cineoles is 50-63%.Preferably, by weight, 1,8- folium eucalyptis
The content of oily element is 58-63%.
Second aspect, the present invention provides the purposes using tsaoko essential oil prepared by following preparation method as plant source, institutes
The method of stating includes：
(1) it weighs a certain amount of dry tsaoko, knock fritter or is ground into coarse powder；
(2) to dry tsaoko fritter or coarse powder tsaoko essential oil is extracted as raw material；And
(3) tsaoko essential oil is collected with volatile oil extractor, and calculates oil yield.
The method of extraction tsaoko essential oil is selected from：Steam distillation, solvent extraction method, CO2Supercritical extraction technique, Asia are faced
Boundary's water extraction and microwave-assisted.
In the extracting method using steam distillation：
Dry tsaoko fritter or the weight ratio of coarse powder and water are 1:3-1:20, dry tsaoko fritter or coarse powder are soaked in water
Bubble 0-24 hours；Then steam distillation is extracted 0.5-10 hours；Tsaoko essential oil is collected, and calculate oily with volatile oil extractor
Rate.
Preferably, to dry the weight ratio of tsaoko fritter or coarse powder and water as 1:3-1:10, by dry tsaoko fritter or slightly
Powder impregnates 0-4 hours in water；Then steam distillation is extracted 3-8 hours；Tsaoko essential oil is collected, and count with volatile oil extractor
Calculate oil yield.
Preferably, the weight ratio that can dry tsaoko fritter or coarse powder and water is 1:4, dry tsaoko fritter or coarse powder are existed
It is impregnated 1 hour in water；Then steam distillation is extracted 7 hours；Tsaoko essential oil is collected, and calculate oily with volatile oil extractor
Rate.
Dry tsaoko can be the drying tsaoko through drying acquisition or the drying tsaoko through drying acquisition.
The oil yield of the tsaoko essential oil of the present invention is by weight in the range of 1.0%-2.5%.The tsaoko essence of the present invention
Oil is pale yellow transparent grease, abnormal, refreshing with special strong fragrance, mellowness.
Active constituent of the tsaoko essential oil as pesticide of the present invention, can be configured to solid, liquid, emulsion, spray and
Aerosol-type.For example, liquid can be utilized directly, solid pharmaceutical preparation can also be made by techniques such as embeddings.In the feelings of spray
Condition, propellant used are selected from dichlorodifluoromethan hydro carbons, hydrocarbon and compressed gas.
It can be used for prevention with the tsaoko essential oil pesticide as active component of the present invention by following phytopathogen to be caused
Plant disease：Aspergillus flavus (Aspergillus flavus), the dendritic mould (Cladosporium of branch spore
Cladosporioides), Polish mould (Penicillium polonicum), penicillium chrysogenum (Penicillium
Chrysogenum), miliary damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani), the pathogen of Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea), ginseng chain
Lattice spore (Alternaria panax), eggplant disease reaping hook (Fusarium solani), sharp spore reaping hook (Fusarium
Oxysporum), intend the native red shell (Ilyonectria mors-panacis) of ginseng and/or the red shell (Ilyonectria of strong soil
robusta)。
Specifically, it can be used for preventing following phytopathy with the tsaoko essential oil pesticide as active component of the present invention
Evil：Selected from ginseng, American Ginseng, Radix Notoginseng, fritillaria, Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, campanulaceae, tussilago, Radix Isatidis, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, safflower, Radix Ophiopogonis, white
And Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, lily, rhodiola root, tree peony and the medicinal plant of aloe；Selected from wheat, corn, rice, peanut and soybean
Field crop；Selected from potato, tomato, cucumber, celery, capsicum, eggplant, onion vegetable crop；Selected from the economic work such as tobacco
Object；Selected from grape, citrus, strawberry, apple, banana, loquat and the fruit crop of passionflower.
Specifically, it can be used for preventing following phytopathy with the tsaoko essential oil pesticide as active component of the present invention
Evil：
Ginseng, American Ginseng, the damping-off of Radix Notoginseng, gray mold, black spot and root rot；Fritillaria gray mold and bulb rot
Disease；Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, campanulaceae, tussilago, Radix Isatidis, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, safflower, Radix Ophiopogonis, bletilla, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, rhodiola root, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, tree peony and reed
Luxuriant growth root rot；Lily droop；Wheat base rot disease and root rot；Maize kernel rot and Maize Ear Rot；Rice ear rot；Roots of Peanut
Maize ear rot and decayed fruit disease；Root rot；Dry rot of potato；Graw mold of tomato, damping-off, droop and leaf spot；Cucumber ash
Mildew, damping-off and root rot；The root rot and damping-off of celery, capsicum and eggplant；Onion penicilliosis；Tobacco root rot；Portugal
Grape gray mold and black root；Citrus Penicillium notatum；Grey mould fruit rot of strawberry and root rot；Apple Mould Core and gray mold；Banana blight；
Loquat rot disease；Passionfruit maize ear rot.
The third aspect, the present invention provides purposes of the tsaoko essential oil emulsion as botanical pesticide, the tsaoko essential oil breast
The composition of agent by weight is as follows：
(1) 10 parts of tsaoko essential oil；
(2) solvent 20-35 parts；
(3) auxiliary agent 5-15 parts；With
(4) water 40-55 parts.
The solvent is selected from：Methanol, ethyl alcohol, n-butanol, normal propyl alcohol, isopropanol, isobutanol, n-amyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol, just oneself
Alcohol, acetone, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, cyclohexanone, pyrrolidones, N- first
The mixture of base pyrrolidones or wherein two or more.Preferably, the solvent is selected from：Ethyl alcohol, methanol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl
The mixture of alcohol, butanol, glycerine, acetone etc. or wherein two or more.Preferably, the solvent for methanol, ethyl alcohol or
The mixture of the two.
The auxiliary agent be surfactant, carrier and/or dispersant, the surfactant be selected from Tweens, spans,
Lauryl sodium sulfate, alcohols, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and glycerine, the dispersant be selected from calgon, sodium pyrophosphate,
Polyacrylic acid sodium salt and polyvinyl alcohol, the carrier are selected from liposome, cyclodextrin and micro-capsule.Preferably, the surfactant
Selected from Tweens, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether class, spans, lauryl sodium sulfate.Preferably, the surfactant is selected from
Tweens, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether class.
The emulsion of the tsaoko essential oil of the present invention is selected from：
1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 3.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of Tweens surfactant, 4 parts of water, stir evenly to get；
1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 2 parts of ethyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether class surfactant, 5.5 parts of water, stirring are equal
It is even to get；
1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 3.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, 0.5 part of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether class surfactant, 4 parts of water, stirring are equal
It is even to get；
1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 3.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether class surfactant, 4 parts of water, stirring are equal
It is even to get；And
1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 2.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, 1 part of methanol, 1.5 parts of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether class surfactant, water 4
Part, stir evenly to get.
Following object can be adapted for the tsaoko essential oil emulsion pesticide as active component of the present invention：Selected from people
It is ginseng, American Ginseng, Radix Notoginseng, fritillaria, Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, campanulaceae, tussilago, Radix Isatidis, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, safflower, Radix Ophiopogonis, bletilla, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, white
Art, lily, rhodiola root, tree peony and the medicinal plant of aloe；Selected from wheat, corn, rice, peanut and the field crop of soybean；
Selected from potato, tomato, cucumber, celery, capsicum, eggplant, onion vegetable crop；Selected from industrial crops such as tobaccos；Selected from Portugal
Grape, citrus, strawberry, apple, banana, loquat and passionflower fruit crop.
Prevention can be used for by following phytopathogen with the tsaoko essential oil emulsion pesticide as active component of the present invention
Caused plant disease：Aspergillus flavus (Aspergillus flavus), the dendritic mould (Cladosporium of branch spore
Cladosporioides), Polish mould (Penicillium polonicum), penicillium chrysogenum (Penicillium
Chrysogenum), miliary damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani), the pathogen of Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea), ginseng chain
Lattice spore (Alternaria panax), eggplant disease reaping hook (Fusarium solani), sharp spore reaping hook (Fusarium
Oxysporum), intend the native red shell (Ilyonectria mors-panacis) of ginseng and/or the red shell (Ilyonectria of strong soil
robusta).Tsaoko essential oil emulsion shows inhibiting effect to above-mentioned disease fungus, belongs to and the red shell of soil especially for reaping hook
Be difficult to the fungi prevented also shows excellent fungistatic effect to category in this way.
Specifically, it can be used for preventing following plant with the tsaoko essential oil emulsion pesticide as active component of the present invention
Disease：
Ginseng, American Ginseng, the damping-off of Radix Notoginseng, gray mold, black spot and root rot；Fritillaria gray mold and bulb rot
Disease；Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, campanulaceae, tussilago, Radix Isatidis, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, safflower, Radix Ophiopogonis, bletilla, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, rhodiola root, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, tree peony and reed
Luxuriant growth root rot；Lily droop；Wheat base rot disease and root rot；Maize kernel rot and Maize Ear Rot；Rice ear rot；Roots of Peanut
Maize ear rot and decayed fruit disease；Root rot；Dry rot of potato；Graw mold of tomato, damping-off, droop and leaf spot；Cucumber ash
Mildew, damping-off and root rot；The root rot and damping-off of celery, capsicum and eggplant；Onion penicilliosis；Tobacco root rot；Portugal
Grape gray mold and black root；Citrus Penicillium notatum；Grey mould fruit rot of strawberry and root rot；Apple Mould Core and gray mold；Banana blight；
Loquat rot disease；Passionfruit maize ear rot.
Plant disease caused by above-mentioned fungi is specifically as follows：
1. aspergillus flavus：Maize kernel rot, Maize Ear Rot, peanut decayed fruit disease；
2. Polish mould：Citrus Penicillium notatum, onion penicilliosis；
3. penicillium chrysogenum：Citrus Penicillium notatum；
4. dendritic spore is mould：Leaf spot of tomato, Apple Mould Core；
5. Fusarinm solani：Ginseng, American Ginseng, Radix Notoginseng, Radix Astragali, lily, tree peony, Radix Glycyrrhizae, campanulaceae, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, safflower, aloe
Root rot, fritillaria bulb-rot；Wheat base rot disease and root rot, root rot；Capsicum, eggplant, cucumber, sweet potato, flower
Raw, celery root rot, tomato wilt and root rot, potato wilt；Tobacco root rot；Watermelon, citrus, strawberry root-rot
Disease；
6. Fusarium oxysporum:Ginseng, American Ginseng, Radix Notoginseng, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, rhodiola root, Radix Ophiopogonis, bletilla, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, money
Coltsfoot, Radix Isatidis root rot, lily droop；Wheat base rot disease and root rot, rice ear rot；Tomato wilt and root-rot
Disease, cucumber fusarium axysporum and root rot, onion dry rot, dry rot of potato；Tobacco root rot；Strawberry Root Rot, banana are withered
Disease；
7. intend the red shell of ginseng soil：Ginseng crythrodermia, American ginseng root maize ear rot；
8. the strong red shell of soil：Ginseng crythrodermia, American Ginseng, notoginseng root rot, grape black root；
9. the pathogen of Botrytis cinerea：Ginseng, American Ginseng, Radix Notoginseng, fritillaria, apple, tomato, grape, grey mould fruit rot of strawberry, loquat are rotted
Disease, passionfruit maize ear rot；
10. miliary damping-off：Ginseng, American Ginseng, Radix Notoginseng, celery, capsicum, eggplant, tomato seedling damping-off；
11. ginseng rod method：Ginseng, American Ginseng, Radix Notoginseng black spot.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 illustrates the GC-MS chromatograms of the tsaoko essential oil of the present invention.
Fig. 2 illustrates tsaoko essential oil emulsion and the inhibition of 6 kinds of phytopathogens is compared.
Fig. 3 illustrates tsaoko essential oil emulsion and infects the American ginseng root control effect of 20 days to sickle-like bacteria Fusarium sp..
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is described further with reference to embodiment and Figure of description.These embodiments are only
For illustrating the present invention rather than limiting protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：The preparation of tsaoko essential oil
Each 0.5kg of the tsaoko for drying and drying is weighed respectively, is ground into coarse powder, impregnates 1h in 3.5L water.Vapor steams
Extraction 7h is evaporated, collects tsaoko essential oil with volatile oil extractor, calculating oil yield=(obtain oil mass/weigh tsaoko amount) × 100%, knot
Fruit is that dry the oil yield of tsaoko be 2.0%, and the oil yield for drying tsaoko is 1.3%.
Embodiment 2：The characterization of tsaoko essential oil
The constituent analysis of tsaoko essential oil
Using the ingredient and content of the tsaoko essential oil that the analysis of GC/MS methods is extracted by drying and drying tsaoko.By tsaoko essential oil
10000 times are diluted with n-hexane, 1 μ l of sample introduction.GC conditions：Using Thermo TR-5MS (30m*0.32mm, 0.25 μm) chromatography
Column, 50 DEG C of column initial temperature, 6 DEG C/min of temperature programming rise to 220 DEG C, then rise to 250 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min, constant temperature 5min.Sample introduction
250 DEG C, carrier gas He, carrier gas flux 2.0ml/min of temperature of mouth, split ratio 20:1.MS conditions：EI ion sources, scan pattern full
Scan, scanning range m/z 50-600amu, 250 DEG C of ion source temperature, 250 DEG C of GC/MS interface temperatures.
The GC-MS chromatograms of tsaoko essential oil are referring to attached drawing 1.The result shows that it is examined altogether in drying the tsaoko essential oil that tsaoko extracts
Go out chromatographic peak 29, wherein identifying 25 kinds of volatile matters, the total relative amount 98.7% of essential oil is accounted for, wherein the phase of 1,8- cineole
It is 58.11% to content, the relative amount of citral is 3.33%.First part of sample in the tsaoko essential oil of tsaoko extraction is dried to be total to
Chromatographic peak 33 is detected, wherein identifying 30 kinds of volatile matters, the total relative amount 97.75% of essential oil is accounted for, wherein 1,8- cineole
Relative amount for 62.73%, the relative amount of citral is 2.92%.Second part of tsaoko essential oil for drying tsaoko sample extraction
Chromatographic peak 32 is detected altogether, wherein identifying 30 kinds of volatile matters, the total relative amount 97.12% of essential oil is accounted for, wherein 1,8- eucalyptus oil
The relative amount of element is 50.29%, and the relative amount of citral is 3.34%.
Specific ingredient and content are referring to the following table 1：
Compared with table 1 dries the chemical composition of the tsaoko essential oil with drying tsaoko extraction：
As can be seen from the above table, in the three kinds of tsaoko essential oils obtained by three kinds of tsaoko samples, two kinds of main components and content
Composition is as follows：
1,8- cineoles：50-63%
Citral：2.9-3.4%.
The Odor Evaluations of tsaoko essential oil：Special, strong pungent fragrance, mellowness are abnormal, refreshing.
Embodiment 3：The preparation of tsaoko essential oil emulsion
1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 3.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of Tween 80,4 parts of water, stir evenly to get.
1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 2 parts of ethyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP10), 5.5 parts of water stir evenly, i.e.,
.
1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 3.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, 0.5 part of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP10), 4 parts of water stir evenly, i.e.,
.
1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 3.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP10), 4 parts of water stir evenly, i.e.,
.
1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 2.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, 1 part of methanol, 1.5 parts of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP10), 4 parts of water, stirring
Uniformly to get.
The Odor Evaluations of tsaoko essential oil emulsion：Special, strong pungent fragrance, mellowness are abnormal, refreshing.
Embodiment 4：Tsaoko essential oil and tsaoko essential oil emulsion Fungistasis
Experimental strain：Aspergillus flavus (Aspergillus flavus) and the dendritic mould (Cladosporium of branch spore
cladosporioides)。
Tsaoko essential oil emulsion：Using being formulated following emulsion in embodiment 3：
1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 3.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP10), 4 parts of water stir evenly, i.e.,
.
Toxicity test is tested ----mycelial growth rate method
1) tsaoko essential oil is added to culture medium, mixing, cooling, similarly, by tsaoko according to 5000 times of extension rate
(concentration of tsaoko essential oil and tsaoko essential oil dilute 5000 times of phases to essential oil emulsion in itself wherein in tsaoko essential oil emulsion by 500 times
Extension rate together) is added to culture medium, mixing, cooling；
2) tsaoko essential oil is added to culture medium, mixing, cooling, similarly, by tsaoko according to 4000 times of extension rate
Essential oil emulsion is by 500 times (when the concentration of tsaoko essential oil dilutes 4000 times in itself less than tsaoko essential oil wherein in tsaoko essential oil emulsion
Concentration) extension rate be added to culture medium, mixing, cooling；
3) it is mould in the dendritic branch spore of above inoculation of medium 2) in above inoculation of medium aspergillus flavus 1), per plate
It is inoculated with 10 μ L spore suspensions, 6 repetitions, as test sample group；
3) tablet without medicament is inoculated with 3 strains respectively, and 10 μ L spore suspensions, 6 repetitions, as blank are inoculated with per plate
Control group；
4) in the culture 7 days of 25 DEG C of incubator.
Judge regulation：
Measure colony diameter (mm), calculating bacteriostasis rate, bacteriostasis rate=((control group colony diameter-test group colony diameter)/
Control group colony diameter) × 100%.
2 tsaoko essential oil of table and the comparison of tsaoko essential oil emulsion restraining epiphyte effect
Can be seen that when tsaoko essential oil dilutes 5000 times from above-mentioned 2 result of table is 39.8% to the inhibiting rate of aspergillus flavus, is contained
The emulsion of tsaoko essential oil 10% reaches same concentrations when diluting 500 times, is up to 72.2% to the inhibiting rate of aspergillus flavus, fungistatic effect
Better than tsaoko essential oil in itself.It is 70.19% that tsaoko essential oil, which dilutes inhibiting rate mould to dendritic branch spore at 4000 times, essential oil containing tsaoko
Less than this concentration when 10% emulsion dilutes 500 times, and the inhibiting rate mould to dendritic branch spore is up to 100%, and fungistatic effect is also excellent
In tsaoko essential oil in itself.
Embodiment 5：Tsaoko essential oil emulsion is to the bacteriostasis of fungi
Experimental strain：
Polish mould (Penicillium polonicum).
Culture medium：Potato agar culture medium
The formula of tsaoko essential oil emulsion is as follows：
1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 3.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of Tween 80,4 parts of water, stir evenly to get.
Toxicity test is tested ----EC50(half-maximal effect concentration)：
1) Polish mould bacteria suspension, bacterial concentration 10 are prepared8cfu/mL；
2) tsaoko essential oil emulsion, added to PDA culture medium, is mixed with the concentration gradient of 500,200,100,50,25 μ L/L
It is even, cooling；
3) each concentration is inoculated with Polish mould respectively, and 10 μ L, 6 repetitions, as test sample group are inoculated with per plate；
4) tablet without tsaoko essential oil formulation is inoculated with Polish mould respectively, and 10 μ L, 6 repetitions, as sky are inoculated with per plate
White control group；
5) in the culture 7 days of 25 DEG C of incubator.
Judge regulation：
Measure colony diameter (mm), calculating bacteriostasis rate, bacteriostasis rate=((control group colony diameter-test group colony diameter)/
Control group colony diameter) × 100%.Bacteriostasis rate is converted into niqueMin (Y), pharmacy quality concentration (μ L/L) is converted into logarithm
(X), virulence regression equation (Y=a+bX) and related coefficient (R) is obtained, calculates the drug concentration inhibited for examination growth 50%
(EC50)。
Tsaoko essential oil emulsion is as shown in table 3 below to the antibacterial result of Polish mould.
3 tsaoko essential oil emulsion bacteriostatic agent of table is to the fungistatic effect of Polish mould
Embodiment 6：Tsaoko essential oil emulsion is to the bacteriostasis of fungi
Experimental strain：
Aspergillus flavus (Aspergillus flavus), dendritic branch spore mould (Cladosporium cladosporioides) and
Penicillium chrysogenum (Penicillium chrysogenum).
Culture medium：Potato agar culture medium
The formula of tsaoko essential oil emulsion is as follows：
1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 3.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP10), 4 parts of water stir evenly, i.e.,
.
Toxicity test is tested ----mycelial growth rate method
1) tsaoko essential oil emulsion is added to culture medium, mixing, cooling by the extension rate of 500 times, 1000 times；
2) each concentration is inoculated with 3 strains respectively, and 10 μ L, 6 repetitions, as test sample group are inoculated with per plate；
3) tablet without medicament is inoculated with 3 strains respectively, and 10 μ L, 6 repetitions, as blank control group are inoculated with per plate；
4) in the culture 7 days of 25 DEG C of incubator.
Judge regulation：
Measure colony diameter (mm), calculating bacteriostasis rate, bacteriostasis rate=((control group colony diameter-test group colony diameter)/
Control group colony diameter) × 100%.
The experimental results showed that (table 4), tsaoko essential oil emulsion to phytopathogen aspergillus flavus (Aspergillus flavus),
Dendritic branch spore mould (Cladosporium cladosporioides), penicillium chrysogenum (Penicillium chrysogenum) are equal
There is stronger inhibiting effect.
4 tsaoko essential oil emulsion of table is to the fungistatic effect of fungi
Embodiment 4-6's the results show that the tsaoko essential oil and tsaoko essential oil emulsion of the present invention are yellow bent to plant pathogenic fungi
Mould, dendritic branch spore is mould, Polish mould and penicillium chrysogenum show fungistatic effect.
Embodiment 7：Tsaoko essential oil emulsion is to the inhibiting effect of 7 kinds of phytopathogens
Experimental strain：Miliary damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani), the pathogen of Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea), people
Join rod method (Alternaria panax), eggplant disease reaping hook (Fusarium solani), sharp spore reaping hook (Fusarium
Oxysporum), intend the red shell (Ilyonectria mors-panacis) of ginseng soil, the strong red shell (Ilyonectria of soil
Robusta idiopathy American Ginseng or ginseng) are detached.
Tsaoko essential oil emulsion：Using the emulsion being formulated as follows in embodiment 3：
1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 3.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP10), 4 parts of water stir evenly, i.e.,
.
Culture medium：Potato agar culture medium
Toxicity test is tested ----mycelial growth rate method
1) pathogen cultivated 7 days is broken into the bacteria cake of diameter 6mm；
2) tsaoko essential oil emulsion is added to culture medium, mixing, cooling by 500 times of extension rate；
3) 1 bacteria cake, each 5 repetitions of concentration, as test sample group are inoculated with per plate；
4) tablet without medicament is inoculated with 7 strains, 5 repetitions, as blank control group respectively；
5) in the culture 5 days of 25 DEG C of incubator.
Judge regulation
Measure colony diameter (mm), calculating bacteriostasis rate, bacteriostasis rate=(control group colony diameter-test group colony diameter)/
(control group colony diameter-bacteria cake diameter) × 100%.
Experimental result is as shown in table 5 below：
5 tsaoko essential oil emulsion of table is to the fungistatic effect of 7 kinds of phytopathogens：
# represents that control group colony diameter before reaches 9cm at the time point.
Upper table 5 show tsaoko essential oil emulsion inhibiting effect is shown to 7 kinds of disease fungus, especially for reaping hook belong to and
Native neocosmospora is difficult to the fungi prevented and also shows excellent fungistatic effect in this way.
Embodiment 8：Tsaoko essential oil emulsion is to the control effect of American ginseng root maize ear rot
The formula of tsaoko essential oil emulsion is as follows：1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 3.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP10)
1.5 parts, 4 parts of water, stir evenly to get.
Sample：
Healthy 4 years raw American ginseng roots.
Fungistatic effect is evaluated
1) it by American ginseng root surface sterilization, is positioned in the culture dish of 2 layers of sterilizing filter paper of paving, prepares sickle-like bacteria
American ginseng root is impregnated 2min in spore suspension and is inoculated with by (Fusarium sp.) spore suspension；
2) it by the use of the American ginseng root after 1ml tsaoko essential oil emulsion spray inoculations as chemicals treatment sample, is replaced with 1ml sterile waters
For tsaoko essential oil emulsion as compareing, every group sets 3 plants of American ginseng roots and repeats；
3) add 1ml sterile waters in each culture dish, cultivated 20 days for 25 DEG C in incubator.According to the following table 6 American Ginseng root disease disease
Feelings grade scale calculated disease index every 10 days, and formula is：
Disease index=100 × ∑ (old complaint number × onset grade at different levels)/(total radical × disease grade peak) × 100%；
Control effect (%)=(control disease index-processing disease index)/control disease index × 100%
6 severity Scaling standard of table：
The experimental results showed that (table 7), tsaoko essential oil emulsion spraying treatment drew sickle-like bacteria (Fusarium sp.) after 10 days
The American ginseng root maize ear rot preventive effect risen to reach 80% after 75%, 20 days, show tsaoko essential oil emulsion have to American ginseng root maize ear rot compared with
Good control effect.
7 tsaoko essential oil emulsion of table infects sickle-like bacteria (Fusarium sp.) control effect of American ginseng root：
Claims (12)
1. purposes of the tsaoko essential oil as botanical pesticide, the tsaoko essential oil contain the feature of following content by weight into
Point：
(1) 1,8- cineoles：45-65%；
(2) citral：1-3.5%.
2. purposes according to claim 1, wherein the content of 1,8- cineoles is 50-63% by weight.Preferably, with weight
The content of gauge 1,8- cineoles is 58-63%.
3. purposes of the tsaoko essential oil prepared in the following manner as botanical pesticide, the method includes：
(1) it weighs a certain amount of dry tsaoko, knock fritter or is ground into coarse powder；
(2) to dry tsaoko fritter or coarse powder tsaoko essential oil is extracted as raw material；And
(3) tsaoko essential oil is collected with volatile oil extractor, and calculates oil yield；
The method of wherein extraction tsaoko essential oil is selected from：Steam distillation, solvent extraction method, CO2Supercritical extraction technique, Asia are faced
Boundary's water extraction and microwave-assisted.
4. purposes according to claim 3, wherein in the extracting method using steam distillation：
Dry tsaoko fritter or the weight ratio of coarse powder and water are 1:3-1:20, dry tsaoko fritter or coarse powder are impregnated into 0- in water
24 hours；Then steam distillation is extracted 0.5-10 hours；Tsaoko essential oil is collected, and calculate oil yield with volatile oil extractor,
The oil yield by weight in the range of 1.0%-2.5%,
Preferably, to dry the weight ratio of tsaoko fritter or coarse powder and water as 1:4-1:10, dry tsaoko fritter or coarse powder are existed
It is impregnated 0-4 hours in water；Then steam distillation is extracted 3-8 hours；Tsaoko essential oil is collected, and calculate with volatile oil extractor
Oil cut rate；The dry tsaoko can be the drying tsaoko through drying acquisition or the drying tsaoko through drying acquisition,
Preferably, to dry the weight ratio of tsaoko fritter or coarse powder and water as 1:7, dry tsaoko fritter or coarse powder are soaked in water
Bubble 1 hour；Then steam distillation is extracted 7 hours；Tsaoko essential oil is collected, and calculate oil yield with volatile oil extractor, it is described
Oil yield by weight in the range of 1.0%-2.5%,
The dry tsaoko can be the drying tsaoko through drying acquisition or the drying tsaoko through drying acquisition.
5. purposes of the tsaoko essential oil emulsion as botanical pesticide, the composition of the tsaoko essential oil emulsion by weight is as follows：
(1) 10 parts of tsaoko essential oil；
(2) solvent 20-35 parts；
(3) auxiliary agent 5-15 parts；With
(4) water 40-55 parts.
6. purposes according to claim 5, the solvent is selected from：Methanol, ethyl alcohol, n-butanol, normal propyl alcohol, isopropanol, isobutanol,
N-amyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol, n-hexyl alcohol, acetone, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, ring
Hexanone, pyrrolidones, N-Methyl pyrrolidone or wherein two or more mixture；Preferably, the solvent is selected from：
The mixture of ethyl alcohol, methanol, propyl alcohol, isopropanol, butanol, glycerine, acetone etc. or wherein two or more；Preferably, institute
State the mixture that solvent is methanol, ethyl alcohol or the two.
7. according to the purposes of claim 5 or 6, the auxiliary agent is surfactant, carrier and/or dispersant, and the surface is lived
Property agent be selected from Tweens, spans, lauryl sodium sulfate, alcohols, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and glycerine, dispersant choosing
From calgon, sodium pyrophosphate, polyacrylic acid sodium salt and polyvinyl alcohol, the carrier is selected from liposome, cyclodextrin and micro-capsule；
Preferably, the auxiliary agent is surfactant and/or carrier, and the surfactant is selected from Tweens, alkylphenol-polyethenoxy
Ethers, spans, lauryl sodium sulfate, the carrier are selected from liposome, cyclodextrin and micro-capsule.
8. purposes according to claim 5, the tsaoko essential oil emulsion is selected from：
By 1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 3.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of Tweens surfactant and 4 parts of emulsions for stirring evenly acquisition of water；
By 1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 2 parts of ethyl alcohol, 5.5 parts of 1.5 parts of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether class surfactant and water stir evenly
The emulsion of acquisition；
By 1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 3.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, 4 parts of 0.5 part of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether class surfactant and water stir evenly
The emulsion of acquisition；
By 1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 3.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, 4 parts of 1.5 parts of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether class surfactant and water stir evenly
The emulsion of acquisition；With
By 4 parts of 1 part of tsaoko essential oil, 2.5 parts of ethyl alcohol, 1 part of methanol, 1.5 parts of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether class surfactant and water
Stir evenly the emulsion of acquisition.
9. according to the purposes of any one of claim 1-8, wherein the botanical pesticide can be used for prevention by being selected from following plant
Plant disease caused by pathogen：Penicillium (Penicillium), aspergillus (Aspergillus), reaping hook category
(Fusarium), native neocosmospora (Ilyonectria), Alternaria (Alternaria), Cladosporium (Cladosporium), vertical
Withered silk core (Rhizoctonia solani) and/or the pathogen of Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea).
10. purposes according to claim 10, the pathogen of the aspergillus is aspergillus flavus (Aspergillus flavus), institute
The pathogen for stating Penicillium is Polish mould (Penicillium polonicum) and penicillium chrysogenum (Penicillium
Chrysogenum), the pathogen that the reaping hook belongs to is eggplant disease reaping hook (Fusarium solani) and sharp spore reaping hook (Fusarium
Oxysporum), the pathogen of the native neocosmospora is intends the native red shell (Ilyonectria mors-panacis) of ginseng and strong soil
Red shell (Ilyonectria robusta), the pathogen of the Alternaria is ginseng rod method (Alternaria panax),
The pathogen of the Cladosporium is mould (Cladosporium cladosporioides) for dendritic branch spore.
11. according to the purposes of any one of claim 1-10, wherein the botanical pesticide can be applied to following object：It is selected from
Ginseng, American Ginseng, Radix Notoginseng, fritillaria, Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, campanulaceae, tussilago, Radix Isatidis, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, safflower, Radix Ophiopogonis, bletilla, Rhizoma Chuanxiong,
Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, lily, rhodiola root, tree peony and the medicinal plant of aloe；Make selected from wheat, corn, rice, peanut and the crop field of soybean
Object；Selected from potato, tomato, cucumber, celery, capsicum, eggplant, onion vegetable crop；Selected from industrial crops such as tobaccos；It is selected from
Grape, citrus, strawberry, apple, banana, loquat and the fruit crop of passionflower.
12. according to the purposes of any one of claim 1-10, wherein the botanical pesticide can be used for prevention by following phytopathy
Plant disease caused by opportunistic pathogen：Ginseng, American Ginseng, the damping-off of Radix Notoginseng, gray mold, black spot and root rot；Fritillaria gray mold
And bulb-rot；It is Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, campanulaceae, tussilago, Radix Isatidis, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, safflower, Radix Ophiopogonis, bletilla, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, rhodiola root, white
Art, tree peony and aloe root rot；Lily droop；Wheat base rot disease and root rot；Maize kernel rot and Maize Ear Rot；Rice Panicle
Maize ear rot；Peanut root rot and decayed fruit disease；Root rot；Dry rot of potato；Graw mold of tomato, damping-off, droop and leaf
Pinta；Gray mold of cucumber, damping-off and root rot；The root rot and damping-off of celery, capsicum and eggplant；Onion penicilliosis；Cigarette
Grass roots maize ear rot；Grape grey mould and black root；Citrus Penicillium notatum；Grey mould fruit rot of strawberry and root rot；Apple Mould Core and gray mold；
Banana blight loquat rot disease；Passionfruit maize ear rot.
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| CN111011373A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-17 | 安徽云中生态农业开发有限公司 | Composite pesticide for controlling broccoli |
| CN112042681A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-12-08 | 安徽山湖生态建设有限公司 | Long-acting compound preparation for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests for Chinese roses and preparation method thereof |
| CN113303328A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-27 | 云南农业大学 | Application of alpha-pinene in promoting growth and inducing resistance of panax notoginseng |
| CN114532372A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-27 | 华南农业大学 | Application of amomum tsao-ko and waste thereof in preparation of plant source herbicide |
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| CN109748730A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-14 | 烟台沃斯生物技术有限公司 | A kind of agriculture compound essential oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN111011373A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-17 | 安徽云中生态农业开发有限公司 | Composite pesticide for controlling broccoli |
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| CN113303328A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-27 | 云南农业大学 | Application of alpha-pinene in promoting growth and inducing resistance of panax notoginseng |
| CN114532372A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-27 | 华南农业大学 | Application of amomum tsao-ko and waste thereof in preparation of plant source herbicide |
| CN114532372B (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-08-12 | 华南农业大学 | Application of amomum tsao-ko and waste thereof in preparation of plant source herbicide |
| CN114903059A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-16 | 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Thymus vulgaris oil and application of preparation thereof in preventing and treating crop soft rot |
| CN114946895A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-08-30 | 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所 | Application of amomum tsao-ko essential oil |
| CN114946895B (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-10-28 | 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所 | Application of amomum tsao-ko essential oil |
| CN116172007A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-05-30 | 陕西康禾立丰生物科技药业有限公司 | Sterilization composition containing glucurolactone and benziothiazolinone |
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