CN108243133B - Method for generating baseband data under low sampling rate - Google Patents

Method for generating baseband data under low sampling rate Download PDF

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CN108243133B
CN108243133B CN201611205963.0A CN201611205963A CN108243133B CN 108243133 B CN108243133 B CN 108243133B CN 201611205963 A CN201611205963 A CN 201611205963A CN 108243133 B CN108243133 B CN 108243133B
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董亮
叶露
张明林
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Leadcore Technology Co Ltd
Datang Semiconductor Design Co Ltd
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Datang Semiconductor Design Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/10—Frequency-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using frequency-shift keying
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/204—Multiple access
    • H04B7/208—Frequency-division multiple access [FDMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J2211/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to orthogonal multiplex systems
    • H04J2211/003—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to orthogonal multiplex systems within particular systems or standards
    • H04J2211/006—Single carrier frequency division multiple access [SC FDMA]

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Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for generating baseband data under low sampling rate, which comprises the following steps of firstly, determining a starting time offset value t _ shift of a current SC-FDMA symbol; secondly, determining the number N of sampling points of the current SC-FDMA symbol; and finally, from the start time offset value t _ shift, repeatedly calculating corresponding time domain data by taking the sampling period ts as a step length until the number N of the sampling points. The SC-FDMA baseband symbols are directly generated at a low sampling rate, and the method has the advantage of low complexity.

Description

Method for generating baseband data under low sampling rate
Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to baseband signal generation, and more particularly to a method for generating baseband data at a low sampling rate.
Background
In order to meet the application requirements of low power consumption, large connection, strong coverage and low cost of the Internet of things, the NB-IoT technology which adopts ultra-narrow band, repeated transmission and simplified network design is adopted. In physical layer design, NB-IoT technology continues to use most of LTE content, but due to its narrowband nature, it can use a lower sampling rate to generate uplink baseband data. Fig. 1 shows a basic constituent structure of a terminal generating an SC-FDMA signal. Referring to fig. 1, the terminal 100 generates an SC-FDMA signal mainly as follows: the sampling clock 104 generates a sampling clock signal, and outputs the sampling clock signal to the baseband data generation module 101 and the analog-to-digital converter (DAC) 102; the baseband data generating module 101 generates baseband data under the control of the sampling clock signal, and outputs the baseband data to the analog-to-digital converter 102; the analog-to-digital converter 102 converts the baseband data into an analog signal under the control of a sampling clock signal, and outputs the analog signal to a Low Pass Filter (LPF) 103; the analog signal is filtered by the low-pass filter 103 and transmitted via the antenna.
According to the specification of the 3gpp protocol for the proportional relationship between the cyclic prefix and the data part length of the SC-FDMA symbols, when a lower sampling rate is used, for example, a 240KHz sampling rate, each SC-FDMA symbol does not correspond to an integer number of sampling points, as shown in fig. 2 a.
In the existing method, when the sampling rate is low and the sampling point of one SC-FDMA symbol is fractional, SC-FDMA baseband data can be generated only by a higher sampling rate, such as 1.92MHz, to ensure that each SC-FDMA symbol can sample an integer number of sampling points, as shown in fig. 2b, and then down-sample to 240 KHz. The disadvantage of this method is that the redundancy of the baseband generated SC-FDMA symbols is too high, increasing the computational effort for data processing and indirectly resulting in increased power consumption. According to the sampling theorem, the original signal can be completely recovered by using a lower sampling rate (for example, 240KHz) at the moment because the signal bandwidth is very small (for example, only 180 KHz).
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for generating baseband data at a low sampling rate, which can directly generate SC-FDMA baseband symbols at the low sampling rate and has the advantage of low complexity.
To solve the above technical problem, an aspect of the present invention provides a method for generating baseband data at a low sampling rate, including:
s1: determining a starting time offset value t _ shift of a current SC-FDMA symbol;
s2: determining the number N of sampling points of the current SC-FDMA symbol;
s3: from the start time offset value t _ shift, the corresponding time domain data is repeatedly calculated with the sampling period ts as a step length until the number N of the sampling points.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, if the sequence number symbol of the current SC-FDMA symbol in one slot is 0, the start time offset value t _ shift is 0; the start time offset value is given if the sequence number symbol of the current SC-FDMA symbol in a slot is 1,2
Figure BDA0001189989380000021
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0001189989380000022
NCP,lcyclic prefix length, N, for symbols with sequence number lDataFor the length of the data part of each symbol, Tchip is the time length of each chip,
Figure BDA0001189989380000023
for rounding down,% is the remainder.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the number of sampling points
Figure BDA0001189989380000024
Wherein N isCP,SymbolIdxThe cyclic prefix length of a symbol with sequence number SymbolIdx in a slot, SymbolIdx is 0,1,2DataFor the length of the data part of each symbol, Tchip is the time length of each chip,
Figure BDA0001189989380000025
to round down.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the cyclic prefix length of symbol with sequence number symbol in a slot is as follows
Figure BDA0001189989380000026
Length N of each symbol data portionData＝2048chip。
In an embodiment of the invention, the offset start time value t _ shift in step S1 is obtained by looking up a lookup table.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the number N of sampling points in step S2 is obtained by looking up a lookup table.
In an embodiment of the invention, in step S3, the corresponding time domain data is calculated by taking the sampling period ts as a step size
Figure BDA0001189989380000031
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0001189989380000032
is the number of sub-carriers included in a resource block, ak,SymbolIdxData value transmitted on the k sub-carrier for the symbol with sequence number SymbolIdx in a time slot, Δ f is the frequency interval between sub-carriers, NCP,SymbolIdxTchip is the length of time per chip for the cyclic prefix of a symbol with sequence number SymbolIdx in a slot.
Another aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for generating baseband data at a low sampling rate, comprising:
a starting time offset value determining module, configured to determine a starting time offset value t _ shift of a current SC-FDMA symbol;
a sampling point number determining module, configured to determine the number N of sampling points of the current SC-FDMA symbol;
and the time domain data calculation module is used for repeatedly calculating the corresponding time domain data by taking the sampling period ts as a step length from the starting time offset value t _ shift until the number N of the sampling points.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the start time offset value determining module includes a start time offset value t _ shift lookup table; the starting time offset value determining module obtains a starting time offset value t _ shift by querying the starting time offset value t _ shift lookup table.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the sampling point number determining module includes a sampling point number lookup table; the sampling point number determining module obtains the number N of the sampling points by inquiring the sampling point number lookup table.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the method and the device for generating the baseband data under the low sampling rate can directly generate the SC-FDMA baseband data under the low sampling rate, solve the problem that the baseband data is generated under the condition that the sampling point of the SC-FDMA baseband symbol under the low sampling rate is not an integer, and reduce the complexity of the generation of the SC-FDMA baseband symbol compared with the existing method. Meanwhile, as long as the sampling rate meets the sampling theorem, the method can be used for generating data without any other limitation on the sampling rate, and compared with a high-sampling-rate scheme, the method has stronger adaptability and wider application range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a basic constituent structure of an SC-FDMA signal generated by a terminal.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of each SC-FDMA symbol corresponding to a fractional number and an integer number of sampling points at a low sampling rate and a high sampling rate, respectively.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method of generating baseband data at a low sampling rate according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of baseband data generated according to the method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for generating baseband data at a low sampling rate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and thus the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
When a terminal generates an uplink SC-FDMA symbol, in order to enable the length of one subframe to meet the requirement of 1ms, two different Cyclic Prefix (CP) lengths are defined for seven SC-FDMA symbols in one slot (slot), wherein the two different CP lengths are respectively under the sampling rate of 30.72MHz
Figure BDA0001189989380000041
The length of the data portion (excluding the cyclic prefix) is N at a 30.72MHz sample rateData2048 chip. Wherein, at a sampling rate of 30.72MHz, the time length of each chip Tchip is 1/30720000 s.
According to the length ratio of the cyclic prefix and the data part specified in the 3gpp protocol, when a lower sampling rate is adopted, for example, a sampling rate of 240KHz, the number of sampling points in one symbol is obtained as a fraction. The existing method usually generates SC-FDMA baseband data by a higher sampling rate, such as 1.92MHz, to ensure that each SC-FDMA symbol can sample to an integer number of samples and then down-sample to 240 KHz. The existing method cannot directly generate baseband data according to a low sampling rate. The invention provides a method for generating baseband data under a low sampling rate.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method of generating baseband data at a low sampling rate according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 3, the method for generating baseband data at a low sampling rate includes the following steps:
s1: determining a starting time offset value t _ shift of a current SC-FDMA symbol;
s2: determining the number N of sampling points of the current SC-FDMA symbol;
s3: and starting from the initial time offset value t _ shift, repeatedly calculating corresponding time domain data by taking the sampling period ts as a step length until the number N of sampling points.
In step S1, if the current SC-FDMA symbol is the first symbol in a slot, i.e. the symbol sequence number symbol ═ 0, the start time offset value can be:
t_shift＝0。
if the sequence number symbol of the current SC-FDMA symbol in a slot is 1, 2., 6, the start time offset value t _ shift may be calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001189989380000051
Figure BDA0001189989380000052
wherein N isCP,lCyclic prefix length, N, for symbols with sequence number lDataFor the length of the data part of each symbol, Tchip is the time length of each chip,
Figure BDA0001189989380000053
for rounding down,% is the remainder.
Since the length and sampling rate of each SC-FDMA symbol can be pre-specified, the start time offset value t _ shift of each SC-FDMA symbol is a fixed value, and therefore, determination by real-time calculation is not required, a lookup table can be established, the start time offset value t _ shift corresponding to each SC-FDMA symbol is stored, and the start time offset value t _ shift required in step S1 is obtained by querying the lookup table.
In step S2, the number N of sampling points can be calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001189989380000054
wherein N isCP,SymbolIdxThe cyclic prefix length of a symbol with sequence number SymbolIdx in a slot, SymbolIdx is 0,1,2DataFor the length of the data part of each symbol, Tchip is the time length of each chip,
Figure BDA0001189989380000055
to round down.
Similarly, since the length and the sampling rate of each SC-FDMA symbol can be specified in advance, the number N of sampling points of each SC-FDMA symbol is a fixed value, and therefore, the determination can be performed without real-time calculation, a lookup table can be established, the number N of sampling points corresponding to each SC-FDMA symbol is stored, and the number N of sampling points required in step S2 is obtained by querying the lookup table.
In one embodiment, the cyclic prefix length of symbols with sequence number symbol in a slot may be symbol index number symbol
Figure BDA0001189989380000061
Each symbol data portion may be of length NData2048 chips, the time length of each chip may be Tchip 1/30720000 s. As can be appreciated, the cyclic prefix length NCP,SymbolIdxLength N of data part of each symbolDataThe time length Tchip of each chip may beOther values.
In step S3, the time domain data corresponding to the sampling period ts as a step may be calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001189989380000062
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0001189989380000063
is the number of sub-carriers included in a resource block, ak,SymbolIdxData value transmitted on the k sub-carrier for the symbol with sequence number SymbolIdx in a time slot, Δ f is the frequency interval between sub-carriers, NCP,SymbolIdxTchip is the length of time per chip for the cyclic prefix of a symbol with sequence number SymbolIdx in a slot. Since NB-IoT can only use 1 Resource Block (RB) at most, when generating uplink SC-FDMA baseband symbol, a is on unused sub-carrierk,SymbolIdxIt is sufficient if 0.
As shown in fig. 4, when symbol, which is the first symbol in a slot, is 0, t _ shift is 0, and when time domain data is generated, the baseband data is generated without offset, i.e., from the start position of the symbol. When the symbol (symbol) in the second slot, that is, symbol idx, is equal to 1, t _ shift is not equal to 0, and at this time, when time domain data is generated, a shift of t _ shift is required, that is, after the symbol is shifted rightward by t _ shift, time domain data generation is started.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described below by taking the sampling rate fs as 240KHz as an example.
According to the length relationship between the SC-FDMA baseband symbol cyclic prefix and the data part specified by the 3gpp protocol, the number of sampling points of the cyclic prefix under the sampling rate of 240KHz is found to be:
when symbol idx is 0,
Figure BDA0001189989380000064
a sampling point
SymbolIdx＝When the pressure of the mixture is 1, the pressure is lower,
Figure BDA0001189989380000065
and (4) sampling points.
Since the length of the data portion of each symbol is the same as NData2048chip, the number of samples of the data portion per symbol is therefore:
Figure BDA0001189989380000071
and (4) sampling points.
It can be seen that the number of sampling points of the cyclic prefix is a fraction, which results in that the number of sampling points of the whole symbol is also a fraction.
The method for directly generating the baseband data at the sampling rate of 240KHZ by adopting the method of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1: a start time offset value t _ shift of the current SC-FDMA symbol is determined.
If the current SC-FDMA symbol is the first symbol in a timeslot, i.e. the symbol sequence number symbol ═ 0, the start time offset value is:
t_shift＝0。
if the sequence number symbol of the current SC-FDMA symbol in a slot is 1, 2., 6, the start time offset value t _ shift is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001189989380000072
Figure BDA0001189989380000073
will NCP,0＝160，NCP,l＝144,l＝1,2,...,6，NData2048, Tchip 1/30720000s, ts 1/fs 1/240000s, and the following formula is substituted to obtain:
Figure BDA0001189989380000074
Figure BDA0001189989380000075
as described above, the start time offset value t _ shift required in step S1 can also be obtained by referring to a lookup table established in advance. In this example, the lookup table for the start time offset value t _ shift is as follows.
TABLE 1, t _ shift values for different symbols at 240KHz sampling rate
SymbolIdx 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
t_shift 0 3.125e-6 2.6042e-6 2.0833e-6 1.5625e-6 1.0417e-6 5.2083e-7
S2: and determining the number N of sampling points of the current SC-FDMA symbol.
The number N of sampling points can be calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001189989380000076
will NCP,0＝160，NCP,l＝144,l＝1,2,...,6，NData2048, Tchip is 1/30720000s, ts is 1/fs is 1/240000s, and t _ shift is 0 when SymbolIdx is 0, which are substituted into the above formula, and the result is obtained by:
when symbol idx is 0,
Figure BDA0001189989380000081
when SymbolIdx is not equal to 0,
Figure BDA0001189989380000082
as described above, the number N of sampling points required in step S2 can also be obtained by referring to a lookup table established in advance. In this example, the look-up table for the number of sample points, N, is as follows.
TABLE 2 number N of samples of different symbols at 240KHz sampling rate
SymbolIdx 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
N 17 17 17 17 17 17 18
S3: and starting from the initial time offset value t _ shift, repeatedly calculating corresponding time domain data by taking the sampling period ts as a step length until the number N of sampling points. Specifically, step S3 may be implemented by the steps shown in the pseudo code:
t＝t_shift；
for(n＝0；n＜N；n++)
Figure BDA0001189989380000083
Figure BDA0001189989380000084
end
since NB-IoT can only use 1 Resource Block (RB) at most, when generating uplink SC-FDMA baseband symbol, a is on unused sub-carrierk,SymbolIdxIt is sufficient if 0.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for generating baseband data at a low sampling rate according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, the apparatus 200 for generating baseband data at a low sampling rate includes: a start time offset value determining module 210, configured to determine a start time offset value t _ shift of a current SC-FDMA symbol; a sampling point number determining module 220, configured to determine the number N of sampling points of the current SC-FDMA symbol; the time domain data calculating module 230 is configured to repeat calculating the corresponding time domain data with the sampling period ts as a step length from the start time offset value t _ shift until the number N of the sampling points.
The starting time offset value determining module 210 may include a starting time offset value t _ shift look-up table; the start time offset value determination module 210 obtains the start time offset value t _ shift by querying the start time offset value t _ shift lookup table. It is understood that the start time offset value determining module 210 may also obtain the start time offset value t _ shift by performing the step of determining the start time offset value t _ shift as described in the above method.
The sampling point number determination module 220 may include a sampling point number lookup table; the sampling point number determination module 220 obtains the number N of sampling points by querying the sampling point number lookup table. It is understood that the sampling point number determining module 220 can also obtain the number N of sampling points by performing the step of determining the number N of sampling points as described in the above method.
The time domain data calculation module 230 may obtain the time domain data by performing the step of calculating the time domain data as described in the above method.
The method and/or apparatus for generating baseband data at low sampling rates of the above-described embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in a computer-readable medium such as computer software, hardware, or a combination of computer software and hardware. For a hardware implementation, the embodiments described herein may be implemented within one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DAPDs), Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors, other electronic devices designed to perform the functions described herein, or a selected combination thereof. In some cases, such embodiments may be implemented by a controller.
For a software implementation, the embodiments described herein may be implemented by separate software modules, such as program modules (procedures) and function modules (functions), each of which performs one or more of the functions and operations described herein. The software codes may be implemented by application software written in a suitable programming language, and may be stored in a memory and executed by a controller or processor.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the present specific embodiments, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, and various equivalent changes and substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and therefore, it is intended that all changes and modifications to the above embodiments within the spirit and scope of the present invention be covered by the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. A method of generating baseband data at a low sampling rate, comprising:
s1: determining a starting time offset value t _ shift of a current SC-FDMA symbol;
s2: determining the number N of sampling points of the current SC-FDMA symbol;
s3: from the initial time offset value t _ shift, repeatedly calculating corresponding time domain data by taking the sampling period ts as a step length until the number N of the sampling points;
in step S1, if the sequence number symbol of the current SC-FDMA symbol in one timeslot is 0, the start time offset value t _ shift is 0; the start time offset value is given if the sequence number symbol of the current SC-FDMA symbol in a slot is 1,2
Figure FDA0002978063630000011
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002978063630000012
NCP,lcyclic prefix length, N, for symbols with sequence number lDataFor each symbol data portionIs the length of time per chip, Tchip,
Figure FDA0002978063630000013
for rounding down,% is the remainder.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the number of sampling points
Figure FDA0002978063630000014
Wherein N isCP,SymbolIdxThe cyclic prefix length of a symbol with sequence number SymbolIdx in a slot, SymbolIdx is 0,1,2DataFor the length of the data part of each symbol, Tchip is the time length of each chip,
Figure FDA0002978063630000015
to round down.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the cyclic prefix length of symbol with sequence number SymbolIdx in a slot is
Figure FDA0002978063630000016
Length N of each symbol data portionData＝2048chip。
4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the start time offset value t _ shift in step S1 is obtained by looking up a lookup table.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the number N of sampling points in step S2 is obtained by looking up a lookup table.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the corresponding time domain data is calculated with the sampling period ts as the step size
Figure FDA0002978063630000021
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002978063630000022
is the number of sub-carriers included in a resource block, ak,SymbolIdxData value transmitted on the k sub-carrier for the symbol with sequence number SymbolIdx in a time slot, Δ f is the frequency interval between sub-carriers, NCP,SymbolIdxTchip is the length of time per chip for the cyclic prefix of a symbol with sequence number SymbolIdx in a slot.
7. An apparatus for generating baseband data at a low sampling rate, comprising:
a start time offset value determining module, configured to determine a start time offset value t _ shift of a current SC-FDMA symbol, where if a sequence number symbol of the current SC-FDMA symbol in a timeslot is 0, the start time offset value t _ shift is 0; the start time offset value is given if the sequence number symbol of the current SC-FDMA symbol in a slot is 1,2
Figure FDA0002978063630000023
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002978063630000024
NCP,lcyclic prefix length, N, for symbols with sequence number lDataFor the length of the data part of each symbol, Tchip is the time length of each chip,
Figure FDA0002978063630000025
in order to get the whole downwards,% is to ask for the remainder;
a sampling point number determining module, configured to determine the number N of sampling points of the current SC-FDMA symbol;
and the time domain data calculation module is used for repeatedly calculating the corresponding time domain data by taking the sampling period ts as a step length from the starting time offset value t _ shift until the number N of the sampling points.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the starting time deviation value determining module comprises a starting time deviation value t _ shift lookup table; the starting time offset value determining module obtains a starting time offset value t _ shift by querying the starting time offset value t _ shift lookup table.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the sampling point number determining module comprises a sampling point number lookup table; the sampling point number determining module obtains the number N of the sampling points by inquiring the sampling point number lookup table.
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