CN108238287B - Light source combined type remote directional radiation heating system - Google Patents
Light source combined type remote directional radiation heating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108238287B CN108238287B CN201611218202.9A CN201611218202A CN108238287B CN 108238287 B CN108238287 B CN 108238287B CN 201611218202 A CN201611218202 A CN 201611218202A CN 108238287 B CN108238287 B CN 108238287B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft radiation heating, particularly relates to a light source combined type remote directional radiation heating system, and aims to provide a remote directional radiation heating method to realize mutual coupling with the existing convection heating technology and improve the simulation capability of the thermal environment of a hypersonic aircraft. The method is characterized in that: the device comprises a light source and reflecting shade system, a light beam merging system, a light beam transmission system and a light beam converging system; the light source and reflector system is used for providing a heated light source; the light beam combining system receives the light beams emitted by the light source and the reflecting cover system, collimates, transmits and combines the light beams, and then sends the light beams to the light beam transmission system; the light beam transmission system receives the light beams sent by the light beam combination system, changes the transmission path and direction of the light beams and sends the light beams to the light beam convergence system according to the designated direction; the light beam converging system receives the light beam sent by the light beam transmission system, converges the light beam again, and heats the light beam after convergence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft radiation heating, and particularly relates to a light source combined type remote directional radiation heating system.
Background
Heat transfer and flow processes are the basic physical processes most closely related to human activities, and are often critical to the performance of equipment, especially in the recent high and new technology fields. Thermal radiation is a way of transmitting energy by electromagnetic waves, and the radiation heat transfer capability depends on the difference between the fourth power and the fifth power of temperature, and in many cases, especially under high temperature conditions, radiation heat transfer is an important heat transfer way. Due to the long-range and selective permeability characteristics of thermal radiation, the thermal radiation can pass through the thermal insulation coating or the ablation material to reach the interior of the aircraft, so that when the aerodynamic thermal environment of some hypersonic aircraft is simulated, only convective heat transfer is insufficient, and radiation heating must be considered. The research on radiation heating and convection coupling heat transfer not only relates to the interaction of two basic heat transfer modes of heat radiation and heat convection, but also relates to the coupling of two physical processes of heat transfer and flow, and the process mechanism and the characteristic rule are complex. The coupling of radiation and convection heat transfer modes can be divided into two layers, and for a normal medium, the two are directly coupled through the change of a temperature field under the condition that the flow field is not changed; when the physical parameters of the medium, such as density, viscosity and the like, change with temperature, the two heat transfer modes are not only directly coupled through the change of the temperature field, but also the physical field is changed through the change of the temperature field, so that the temperature field is coupled with the speed field, and indirect and deeper coupling is carried out. The deep understanding of the complex coupling process is not only the need of the development of the related engineering technology, but also has important theoretical significance for enriching the research connotation of heat and mass transfer and promoting the development of disciplines.
For example, the heat protection design of the reentry aircraft with interplanetary return needs to consider pneumatic heating and radiant heating, and the proportion of the two heating modes varies with the speed and the altitude of the aircraft. At lower speeds, pneumatic heating dominates, but when the flight speed is higher than 9km/s, the head shock layer gas becomes a strong radiator for aircraft heating, and radiant heating becomes increasingly important as speed increases. The main mechanism of the radiation heating is that the head of the reentry vehicle forms a high-temperature shock wave layer to form radiation heating on the reentry vehicle. The absorption and emission of gaseous radiation is the result of a large number of radiative transitions between atomic and molecular energy levels, the spectral characteristics of which are contained in the absorption and emission coefficients. In practice, the lunar exploration re-entry capsule in Apollo project re-enters the earth atmosphere at the second cosmic velocity (11.2km/s), the radiation heating is very obvious, and the radiation heating accounts for more than 30% of the total heating amount at a local orbital point. Radiant heating studies on reentry vehicles were also initially conducted under the demand traction of the apollonian month program. For interplanetary return reentry vehicles with higher reentry speeds, radiant heating is dominant over convective heating. Therefore, the remote directional radiation heating technology capable of being coupled with convection heating has important significance for carrying out heat-proof examination research on the structure and the material of the hypersonic aircraft and promoting the research and the development of the hypersonic aircraft and the interplanetary detector.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a remote directional radiation heating method to realize mutual coupling with the existing convection heating technology and improve the simulation capability of the hypersonic aircraft on the thermal environment. .
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a light source combined remote directional radiation heating system comprises a light source and reflector system, a light beam combining system, a light beam transmission system and a light beam converging system; the light source and reflector system is used for providing a heated light source; the light beam combining system receives the light beams emitted by the light source and the reflecting cover system, collimates, transmits and combines the light beams, and then sends the light beams to the light beam transmission system; the light beam transmission system receives the light beams sent by the light beam combination system, changes the transmission path and direction of the light beams and sends the light beams to the light beam convergence system according to the designated direction; the light beam converging system receives the light beam sent by the light beam transmission system, converges the light beam again, and heats the light beam after convergence.
The light source and reflector system as described above includes an arc lamp and an ellipsoidal reflector; an arc lamp is used as a point light source, and an ellipsoidal reflector is used as a reflector; the arc lamp is positioned at the first focal position of the ellipsoidal reflector so that the light beam will be refocused at the second focal position of the ellipsoidal reflector.
The light source and reflector system as described above further comprises a spherical reflector; the focus of the spherical reflector coincides with the first focus of the ellipsoidal reflector, so that the light condensation efficiency of the ellipsoidal reflector is improved.
The number of the light source and reflector systems is more than or equal to one.
The beam combining system as described above comprises a first parabolic mirror, a plane mirror, a second parabolic mirror and a third parabolic mirror; the focal position of the first parabolic reflector coincides with the focal position of the ellipsoidal reflector, so that the light beam reflected by the first parabolic reflector is quasi-parallel light beam; the quasi-parallel light beams are reflected by the plane reflector and the second parabolic reflector and then converged at the focal position of the third parabolic reflector again; the third parabolic reflector is used for converging light beams emitted by the light sources and the reflector system into a beam, so that the light sources and the reflector system are equivalent to a light source system.
The first parabolic reflector, the second parabolic reflector and the third parabolic reflector can be realized by parabolic reflectors or off-axis parabolic reflectors.
The light beam transmission system comprises a reflecting mirror, and the reflecting mirror is used for changing the transmission path and the direction of the light beam and realizing long-distance directional transmission.
The above-mentioned two mirrors are planar mirrors or spherical mirrors with a large radius of curvature.
The beam converging system as described above includes a fourth parabolic mirror, which aims to reconverge the quasi-parallel beam after long distance transmission to increase energy density for high temperature radiation heating of the heated object.
The fourth parabolic reflector as described above employs an off-axis parabolic reflector so that the point of convergence can be remote from the parabolic mirror.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
first, the whole system uses various reflectors to focus, collimate and other controls of the light beam, and does not use any lens device, which reduces the absorption of the optical device to the light, thereby reducing the heating of the device, and meanwhile, compared with the lens device, the reflectors can more conveniently arrange cooling facilities. Secondly, through changing the relative distance and the position of the light source and the reflector system relative to the parabolic mirror, the defocusing effect can be achieved, so that the size, the position and the light energy density of a light spot finally converged by the parabolic mirror can be changed, and the flexible adjustment of the heating area, the heating direction and the heating temperature is realized. Thirdly, the radiation heating technology can be simultaneously implemented with the existing high-temperature airflow heating technology (such as an electric arc wind tunnel and the like), so that the aim of coupling radiation heating with other heating is fulfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a light source combined remote directional radiant heating system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is the final converged spot shape obtained from the simulation of the embodiment;
fig. 3 is a graph showing the variation of spot size and radiation power density with defocus in the example.
In the figure: 1. the arc lamp, 2, an ellipsoidal reflector, 3, a spherical reflector, 4, a first parabolic reflector, 5, a plane reflector, 6, a second parabolic reflector, 7, a third parabolic reflector, 8, a reflector, 9, a fourth parabolic reflector, 10, a heated object, and 11, a supplementary heating device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a light source combined remote directional radiation heating system includes a light source and reflector system, a beam combining system, a beam transmitting system and a beam converging system. The light source and reflector system is used to provide a heated light source. The light beam combining system receives the light beams emitted by the light source and the reflecting cover system, collimates, transmits and combines the light beams, and then sends the light beams to the light beam transmission system. The light beam transmission system receives the light beams sent by the light beam combination system, changes the transmission path and direction of the light beams and sends the light beams to the light beam convergence system according to the designated direction. The light beam converging system receives the light beam sent by the light beam transmission system, converges the light beam again, and heats the light beam after convergence.
The light source and reflector system comprises an arc lamp 1 and an ellipsoidal reflector 2. The invention takes an arc lamp 1 as a point light source and an ellipsoidal reflector 2 as a basic reflector. The arc lamp 1 is placed at the first focal position of the ellipsoidal reflector 2 so that the light beam will be refocused at the second focal position of the ellipsoidal reflector 2. The focus of the spherical reflector 3 coincides with the first focus of the ellipsoidal reflector 2, which is not a necessary device of the present invention, and the number of the light sources and the reflector system in fig. 1 is only required to illustrate the principle of the technology, and the number of the light source combinations is determined according to the actual requirement. The spherical reflector 3 and the number of light source combinations are within the scope of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The beam combining system comprises a first parabolic mirror 4, a plane mirror 5, a second parabolic mirror 6 and a third parabolic mirror 7. The focal position of the first parabolic mirror 4 coincides with the focal position of the ellipsoidal mirror 2, so that the light beam reflected by the first parabolic mirror 4 is a quasi-parallel light beam. The quasi-parallel light beams are reflected by the plane mirror 5 and the second parabolic mirror 6 and then converged at the focal position of the third parabolic mirror 7 again. The third parabolic reflector 7 is used for converging light beams emitted by a plurality of light sources and a reflector system into a beam, so that the light sources and the reflector system are equivalent to a light source system, and the process is repeated, so that more light sources and the reflector system can be combined. The first parabolic reflector 4, the second parabolic reflector 6 and the third parabolic reflector 7 can be realized by parabolic reflectors or off-axis parabolic reflectors.
The light beam transmission system comprises a reflector 8, and aims to change the transmission path and direction of a light beam, realize long-distance directional transmission and enable the light beam to be suitable for practical application places. The number and the placement of the reflectors are determined by actual requirements, and belong to the protection scope of the invention but are not limited to the invention. In the present embodiment, the mirrors 8 are two in total. Considering that the actual arc lamp has a certain size and cannot be regarded as an ideal point light source, so that the light beam passing through the light source and reflector system and the light beam combining system is not an ideal parallel light beam, in order to reduce the divergence angle of the light beam in the transmission process and increase the transmission distance, the reflector 8 can be a plane reflector or a spherical reflector with a larger curvature radius.
The beam converging system comprises a fourth parabolic reflector 9, which aims to reconverge the remotely transmitted quasi-parallel beams to increase the energy density for high temperature radiant heating of the object 10 to be heated. The fourth parabolic reflector 9 is an off-axis parabolic reflector, so that the convergence point can be far away from the parabolic mirror, and the parabolic mirror does not obstruct the installation of the supplementary heating device 11, thereby facilitating the simultaneous implementation of the radiation heating and other heating modes.
In the present invention, the terms "ellipsoidal mirror" and "parabolic mirror" refer to an optical mirror whose inner surface meridian satisfies elliptic curve and parabolic curve characteristics, respectively. The mirrors used in the present invention include, but are not limited to, various polished metal mirrors, and various other material mirrors coated with a reflective film.
The design of the light source combined remote directional radiant heating device will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific application examples.
Example (b):
combining two light sources in an analog simulation mode, wherein each light source is an arc lamp with the power of 10KW, and the size of a light-emitting area is 10.5mm in diameter; the major axis of the ellipsoidal reflector 2 is 2500mm, the minor axis is 1500mm, and the distance between the first focus and the second focus is 4000 mm; the focal length of the spherical reflector 3 is 1000 mm; the first parabolic reflector 4, the second parabolic reflector 6 and the fourth parabolic reflector 9 are all off-axis parabolic mirrors; the focal length of the third parabolic reflector 7 is 200 mm; the mirror 8 is a spherical mirror with a radius of curvature of 4 x 104 mm. The light spot shape shown in figure 2 is obtained through light path simulation, and quantitative analysis shows that the average radiation power density in the range of 50mm is 4.5MW/m2Average radiant power density within 100mm range of 2.0MW/m2. By changing the relative distance between the light source and the reflector system and the first parabolic reflector 4, namely changing the defocusing amount of the system, the change curves of the spot size and the power density shown in fig. 3 are obtained. The simulation result fully shows that the radiation heating scheme design has the characteristic of flexibly changing the radiation power and the heating area, the required radiation power can be improved by increasing the combination number of the light source and the reflector system, and the heating area can be changed by defocusing the system.
The method of carrying out the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples described above, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. The prior art can be adopted for the content which is not described in detail in the specification of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A light source combined remote directional radiation heating system is characterized in that: the device comprises a light source and reflecting shade system, a light beam merging system, a light beam transmission system and a light beam converging system; the light source and reflector system is used for providing a heated light source; the light beam combining system receives the light beams emitted by the light source and the reflecting cover system, collimates, transmits and combines the light beams, and then sends the light beams to the light beam transmission system; the light beam transmission system receives the light beams sent by the light beam combination system, changes the transmission path and direction of the light beams and sends the light beams to the light beam convergence system according to the designated direction; the light beam converging system receives the light beam sent by the light beam transmission system, converges the light beam again, and heats the light beam after convergence;
the light source and reflector system comprises an arc lamp (1) and an ellipsoidal reflector (2); an arc lamp (1) is used as a point light source, and an ellipsoidal reflector (2) is used as a reflector; placing the arc lamp (1) at a first focal position of the ellipsoidal reflector (2) such that the light beam will be refocused at a second focal position of the ellipsoidal reflector (2);
the light beam combination system comprises a first parabolic reflector (4), a plane reflector (5), a second parabolic reflector (6) and a third parabolic reflector (7); the focal position of the first parabolic reflector (4) is coincided with the focal position of the ellipsoidal reflector (2), so that the light beam reflected by the first parabolic reflector (4) is quasi-parallel light beam; the quasi-parallel light beams are reflected by the plane reflector (5) and the second parabolic reflector (6) and then converged at the focal position of the third parabolic reflector (7) again; the third parabolic reflector (7) is used for converging light beams emitted by a plurality of light sources and the reflector system into a beam, so that the light sources and the reflector system are equivalent to a light source system.
2. The light source combined remote directional radiant heating system of claim 1, wherein: the light source and reflector system also comprises a spherical reflector (3); the focus of the spherical reflector (3) is superposed with the first focus of the ellipsoidal reflector (2), so that the light condensation efficiency of the ellipsoidal reflector (2) is improved.
3. The light source combined remote directional radiant heating system of claim 1, wherein: the number of the light source and the reflector system is more than or equal to one.
4. The light source combined remote directional radiant heating system of claim 1, wherein: the first parabolic reflector (4), the second parabolic reflector (6) and the third parabolic reflector (7) can be realized by parabolic reflectors or off-axis parabolic reflectors.
5. The light source combined remote directional radiant heating system of claim 1, wherein: the light beam transmission system comprises a reflector (8) which is used for changing the transmission path and direction of the light beam and realizing long-distance directional transmission.
6. The light source combined remote directional radiant heating system of claim 5, wherein: the number of the reflectors (8) is two, and the reflectors are realized by adopting plane reflectors or spherical reflectors with larger curvature radius.
7. The light source combined remote directional radiant heating system of claim 5, wherein: the light beam converging system comprises a fourth parabolic reflector (9) and aims to reconverge the quasi-parallel light beams after long-distance transmission so as to improve the energy density and heat the heated object (10) by high-temperature radiation.
8. The light source combined remote directional radiant heating system of claim 7, wherein: the fourth parabolic reflector (9) adopts an off-axis parabolic reflector, so that a convergence point can be far away from the parabolic mirror.
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| CN201611218202.9A CN108238287B (en) | 2016-12-26 | 2016-12-26 | Light source combined type remote directional radiation heating system |
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| CN201611218202.9A CN108238287B (en) | 2016-12-26 | 2016-12-26 | Light source combined type remote directional radiation heating system |
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| CN108238287B true CN108238287B (en) | 2020-03-17 |
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| CN2641533Y (en) * | 2003-06-02 | 2004-09-15 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Novel optics dot area heater |
| CN2743853Y (en) * | 2004-10-15 | 2005-11-30 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Mirror type light source system |
| RU2476833C2 (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2013-02-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "Информационные спутниковые системы" имени академика М.Ф. Решетнева" | Method of simulating solar radiation in thermal pressure chamber |
| CN102252441B (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2013-01-02 | 中海阳新能源电力股份有限公司 | Heat collecting system for high-order focusing integrated light |
| CN103499067B (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2015-01-07 | 复旦大学 | Symmetrical structured LED light-total-reflection collimation system with theoretically lossless lighting effects |
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