CN108236890A - A kind of fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system - Google Patents
A kind of fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108236890A CN108236890A CN201611229577.5A CN201611229577A CN108236890A CN 108236890 A CN108236890 A CN 108236890A CN 201611229577 A CN201611229577 A CN 201611229577A CN 108236890 A CN108236890 A CN 108236890A
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- pipe
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- feed system
- fluidisation
- fluidisation pipe
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/1818—Feeding of the fluidising gas
- B01J8/1827—Feeding of the fluidising gas the fluidising gas being a reactant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G69/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process
- C10G69/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only
- C10G69/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of catalytic cracking in the absence of hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system, which enters along the center of reactor top in reactor, and feed system includes interior fluidisation pipe, mother tube, outer fluidisation pipe, current divider, interior fluidisation pipe injection port；The interior fluidisation pipe, mother tube, outer fluidisation pipe are tubular, three upper end alignment coaxial surrounding connection but not connected, are followed successively by outer fluidisation pipe, mother tube and interior fluidisation pipe from outside to inside, and length is incremented by successively；The bottom end of interior fluidisation pipe is the cone of sealing, and the bottom of interior fluidisation pipe is provided with the interior fluidisation pipe injection port that can flow up fluidizing gas.The feed system can preferably control temperature of the raw material in feed pipe, effective controlling reaction temperature, the coking for reducing raw material inside mother tube.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed systems, and gas and liquid especially are fed into reactor
In feed system.
Background technology
Catalytic cracking feeds system can be different due to catalytic cracking unit difference.
At present, the invention of catalytic cracking feeds system is improved with designing mainly for industrial upgrading pipe,
The inventions such as CN104768638A, CN103965949, CN20399510 are improved riser feed nozzle.Industrial upgrading pipe
The effect of feed nozzle is to be gas, and be injected into riser reactor by flow media atomization, and flowing therein is situated between
Matter is feedstock oil and gas (generally atomizing steam), and it is to improve feedstock oil that industrial upgrading pipe feed nozzle, which improves main purpose,
Atomizing effect makes feedstock oil and gas (generally atomizing steam) form uniform, stable raw material oil gas.
Fixed fluidized bed device because its is simple in structure, operating flexibility is good, bed isothermal, heat transfer efficiency is high the advantages that it is extensive
Applied to petrochemical industry, particularly catalytic cracking/catalytic pyrolysis experimental study field.In catalytic cracking unit and similar work
In skill, feed system can be used for heavy oil fraction and dispensing gas being fed into reactor, in the reactor, hydrocarbon object
Material is in contact with particulate solid catalyst.The big hydrocarbon molecules contained in crude oil are cracked into smaller by means of Cracking catalyst
And more valuable commercial product, such as gasoline and diesel oil hydrocarbon.Catalyst optionally helps desired split
Change reaction mainly to generate desirable hydrocarbon products.
At present, the feed system of widely used fixed fluidized-bed reactor is mainly made of inner and outer tubes, described interior
It manages as hydrocarbon material pipe, outer tube is coaxially arranged around inner tube using as fluidizing gas pipeline.This feed system allusion quotation
Be used for main spray site liquid hydrocarbon material being fed into reactor to type.That is, fixed fluidized bed
Feed system in, be hydrocarbon material including including feedstock oil in charging be spray pattern, needed
Oil gas and catalyst is made effectively to contact in bed, react by flowing gas.The feed pipe of common fixed fluidized-bed reactor
For line from top to down along central axis intercalation reaction device, insertion depth is generally more than 1/2 reactor vertical height.To the greatest extent
Manage the feed system have the characteristics that it is simple in structure, easy to process, but due to being limited by feeding manner, the reality of feedstock oil
Preheating temperature often deviates the required preheating temperature of experiment, and close to inside reactor temperature, in easy green coke temperature model
It encloses, causes raw material that excessive thermal cracking occurs in inner tube and the yield of dry gas and coke is increased, and in the inner wall coking of inner tube,
To reacting and regeneration has an impact, the blocking of feed system inner tube is caused when serious, shortens the service life of feed system.This
Outside, feedstock oil is undesirable in the distribution in feed pipe exit and distribution inside bed, especially when 538 DEG C in feedstock oil
When more than ends content is higher, much larger than industrial production data, the comparativity of test data will be by for the coke yield tested
To influence.
CN102553496 discloses a kind of experiment fixed fluidized-bed reactor, its knot of the feed pipe of the reactor
Structure is followed successively by feedstock oil feed pipe, atomizing steam feed pipe and instlated tubular from inside to outside；The invention is steamed due to instlated tubular and atomization
Vapour is respectively positioned on raw material by the outside of feed pipe, easily being heated by catalyst bed, heat-insulated when reaching reaction condition in practical operation
Temperature in pipe is often approached with bed temperature, it is impossible to function well as heat-insulated effect；On the other hand, feedstock oil come in pipe,
Atomizing steam feed pipe reduces in exit, and feedstock oil is atomized, excessively narrow due to exporting, and in high temperature catalyst
Inside bed, easily occur coking even occur blocking atomizer as a result, the mesh that is precisely controlled reaction temperature can not be realized
's.
Patent US 6069012, CN 2512495Y, CN 202438304U, CN04056581A, CN104056580A,
CN104549071A is for the fixed fluidized bed improvement in laboratory with innovation mainly from the configuration of reactor and internal auxiliary structure
The aspect of part is to optimize the flow regime and finish contact condition in reactor, more preferably to simulate industrial experiment.
In conclusion the prior art is less to the research of fixed fluidized bed feed system, and the fixed stream of the prior art
Fluidized bed reactor feed system there are temperature in mother tube it is high, easily cause coking, service life is short, organic contact is insufficient etc.
Shortcoming, and influence final product distribution.Exist simultaneously reaction temperature it is higher when, what raw material preheating temperature can not accurately control asks
Topic, is not suitable for more raw materials, the Research Requirements of the catalytic cracking process of many condition.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed systems.The primary and foremost purpose of the feed system be in order to
Enough preferable temperature for controlling raw material in feed pipe, effective controlling reaction temperature, the coking for reducing raw material inside mother tube.
Fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system disclosed in this invention, the feed system along the center of reactor top into
Enter in reactor, feed system includes interior fluidisation pipe, mother tube, outer fluidisation pipe, interior fluidisation pipe injection port；The interior fluidisation
Pipe, mother tube, outer fluidisation pipe is tubulars, preferably drum shape, three upper end alignment coaxial surrounding connection but not connected, from outside to
Outer fluidisation pipe, mother tube and interior fluidisation pipe are inside followed successively by, and length is incremented by successively；The bottom end of interior fluidisation pipe is the inverted of sealing
Cone, and the bottom of interior fluidisation pipe is provided with the interior fluidisation pipe injection port that can flow up fluidizing gas.
Fixed fluidized bed reaction feed system disclosed by the invention, in order to preferably control the direction of fluidizing gas gentle
Speed, the bottom of interior fluidisation pipe are provided with the interior fluidisation pipe injection port 1 that can flow up fluidizing gas, specifically, interior fluidisation
Bottom of the tube is interior fluidisation socket shape lower sidewall or the cone body sidewall at interior fluidisation tube bottom end, i.e., interior fluidisation pipe injection port is set
Side wall or interior fluidisation socket shape lower sidewall in the cone.
Preferably, interior fluidisation pipe injection port is located at interior fluidisation socket shape lower sidewall；Fluidisation pipe injection port in more preferably
The angle that the tubular upper side wall of central axis and interior fluidisation pipe is formed is less than 90 °；Preferably 15~75 °, more preferably 18~
50°.So-called tubular upper side wall " on " it is fluidisation pipe note including tubular upper side wall refers to for relatively interior fluidisation pipe injection port
Cylindrical sidewall more than loophole height.Fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system disclosed by the invention, interior fluidisation pipe note
The tubular upper side wall of the central axis of loophole and interior fluidisation pipe into less than 90 ° angles, the lower edge of interior fluidisation pipe injection port with it is interior
Fluidize tube bottom end circular cone top is concordant or the lower edge of interior fluidisation pipe injection port higher than interior fluidisation tube bottom end circular cone top.
Fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system disclosed by the invention, diameter and the interior stream of the interior fluidisation pipe injection port
The ratio for changing pipe diameter is 2/1~1/3, preferably 1~2/3.
Fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system disclosed by the invention, the interior fluidisation pipe injection port are evenly distributed in
The bottom of interior fluidisation pipe, quantity are 1~6, preferably 2~3.
Fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system disclosed by the invention, in order to effectively control the preheating temperature of raw material so that
Raw material preheating temperature is in except coking temperature range, reduces raw material coking inside mother tube, and the interior fluidisation pipe is coaxial
Through in mother tube, outer fluidisation pipe coaxial surrounding in the outside of mother tube, be followed successively by from outside to inside outer fluidisation pipe, mother tube and
Interior fluidisation pipe；Outer fluidisation pipe and the ratio of raw material pipe diameter are 1.2~3:1, preferably 1.3~2:1；Interior fluidisation pipe and mother tube
The ratio of diameter is 0.2~0.9:1, preferably 0.4~0.8:1.
Fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system disclosed by the invention, the length of the interior fluidisation pipe is raw material length of tube
112~167%, preferably 125~153%；It is outer fluidisation pipe length for raw material length of tube 70~95%, preferably 75~
90%.
Fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system disclosed by the invention, the interior fluidisation pipe, mother tube, outer fluidisation pipe three
Person one end alignment coaxial surrounding connection, the connection are realized by three-way connector.Specifically outer fluidisation pipe and mother tube
It is connected by three-way connector, interior fluidisation pipe is connect with mother tube by three-way connector.
Fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system disclosed by the invention, in order to optimize the gas in reactor solids particle layers
Body flow direction, what is arbitrarily flowed when preventing fluidizing gas from flowing directly out rear flow direction because bed distribution of particles from bottom end shows
As fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system disclosed by the invention, the bottom end of the interior fluidisation pipe is the cone of sealing, circle
The upper surface diameter of cone is equal with the diameter of interior fluidisation pipe；The apex angle of cone is 45~140 °, preferably 60~125 °.Institute
The height for the cone stated fluidizes 2~10%, preferably the 2~6% of 3 length of pipe to be interior.
It is another object of the present invention to while coking is improved, be effectively improved contact effect of the raw material oil gas with catalyst
Fruit is precisely controlled reaction condition.
In order to realize the purpose, fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system disclosed by the invention, it is described also comprising current divider
Current divider be arranged on interior fluidisation pipe outside cylinder wall, lower part and current divider are connected with interior fluidisation pipe injection port；Point
Stream device is made of lower current divider I and upper current divider II, and the inclined-plane of lower current divider is plane, and upper current divider inclined-plane is cancave cambered surface.
The gas of fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system disclosed by the invention, in order to prevent interior fluidisation pipe injection port outflow
Interference is generated to the unstripped gas flowed out from mother tube, optimizes the radial distribution of gas velocity, under the interior fluidisation pipe outside cylinder wall
Portion is provided with current divider, and the highly preferred of current divider is fluidized inside more than pipe injection port vertical height and below mother tube bottom end.
More than the vertical height refer to shunt base inside fluidize pipe injection port upper edge more than or shunt base with it is interior
The upper edge for fluidizing pipe injection port overlaps.
Fixed fluidized bed reaction feed system disclosed by the invention, the upper current divider inclined-plane is cancave cambered surface, described
Cancave cambered surface is referred to as elliptical arc surface, is to be rotated a circle to be formed around central axis by the elliptic arc tangent with interior fluidisation pipe；Institute
The inclined-plane of lower current divider I stated is plane, is to be rotated a circle to be formed around central axis by the straight-line segment intersected with interior fluidisation pipe.
The basal diameter of the upper current divider II is equal with the upper surface diameter of lower current divider I.
The ratio between the long axis of the elliptic arc on the upper current divider II inclined-planes and short axle are 1.2~10.0:1, preferably 3.0~
8.0:1；The long axis of elliptic arc is parallel with interior fluidisation pipe, and the angle of elliptic arc is 90 °, and elliptic arc minor axis length and interior fluidisation pipe are outer
The horizontal distance of wall to raw material pipe outer wall is equal；The inclined-plane of the lower current divider I forms angle with interior fluidisation socket shape upper side wall
Angle be 15~80 °, preferably 25~65 °.
Fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system provided by the invention, by feed pipe increase in fluidizing gas pipe,
Around outflowization flue outside feed pipe, and the internally optimization design of fluidizing gas pipe so that the feed system can be accurate
Temperature of the control raw material in feed pipe, effective controlling reaction temperature, the coking for reducing raw material inside mother tube, and with gas
The characteristics of body feeding is stablized, and gas velocity distribution is uniform, can improve contact effect of the raw material oil gas with catalyst, be precisely controlled reaction
Condition.
Specifically, fixed fluidized bed reaction feed system disclosed by the invention, interior fluidisation pipe is coaxially through mother tube
Interior, outer fluidisation pipe coaxial surrounding, can be by fluidizing pipe and the outer interior fluidized gas for fluidizing pipe in the outside of mother tube in adjusting
The flow and temperature of body adjust the preheating temperature of raw material oil gas in mother tube, effectively control the preheating temperature of raw material so that raw material
Preheating temperature is in except coking temperature range, reduces raw material coking inside mother tube, while be precisely controlled raw material and solid
Reaction temperature when particle contacts.
Meanwhile the cone that the bottom end of interior fluidisation pipe be sealing, and the interior bottom for fluidizing pipe is provided with and can make fluidizing gas
The interior fluidisation pipe injection port 1 flowed up, especially when interior fluidisation pipe injection port 1 is arranged on the cylindrical sidewall of interior fluidisation pipe,
After preventing fluidizing gas from being flowed directly out from bottom end, gas flow direction is uncertain due to bed distribution of particles unevenness, causes oil
Non-uniform phenomenon in agent contact, is conducive to being uniformly distributed for bed endoparticle.
Fixed fluidized bed reaction feed system disclosed by the invention during comprising current divider, can effectively control bottom fluidization
The flow direction of gas increases the component velocity of fluidizing gas and oil plant oil in radial direction, while reduces interior fluidisation pipe injection port outflow
Interference of the fluidizing gas to the unstripped gas flowed out from mother tube, in the case where not losing oil gas axial velocity, optimize gas velocity
Radial distribution.
There is no limit any common streams of petrochemical industry to the fluidizing gas and the kind of raw material that are fed by the present invention
Change gas and be suitable for the present invention, such as one or more of gaseous mixtures that fluidized gas is air, vapor, nitrogen or helium；Appoint
The liquid charging stock and gas raw material in what oil field are adapted to the raw material as the present invention, and raw material is preferably hydrocarbon
One-component or blending ingredients, such as liquefied gas, ethane, ethylene, methanol, ethyl alcohol, decompressed wax oil, residual oil, catalytic diesel oil, rubble brain
Oil, shale oil, biodiesel etc..
The structure and size and internal build of used fixed fluidized-bed reactor are not particularly limited in the present invention；
It is unlimited to the installation site of feed system of the present invention, it is preferably mounted at the top center of fixed fluidized-bed reactor.
Description of the drawings
A kind of Fig. 1 structure diagrams of fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system disclosed in this invention；
A kind of Fig. 2 structure diagrams of fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system disclosed in this invention；
The reference numeral of its Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is：
Fluidisation pipe injection port in 1-；2- current dividers；Fluidisation pipe in 3；4- mother tubes；Pipe is fluidized outside 5-；Fluidized gas in 6-1-
Body supply pipe；Gas supply pipe 7- raw material supply pipes are fluidized outside 6-2-；8th, 9- three-way connectors；Current divider under I-；It is shunted on II-
Device；α-interior fluidisation bottom of the tube cone angle.
Fig. 3 routines fixed fluidized-bed reactor and feed system structure diagram.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.It is it should be understood that described herein specific
Embodiment is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to restrict the invention.
According to the present invention, there are many embodiments thereofs.
Embodiment is as shown in Figure 1, a kind of fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system, the feed system pass through fixed fluidize
Bed reactor top center, feed system include interior fluidisation pipe 3, mother tube 4, outer fluidisation pipe 5, interior fluidisation pipe injection port 1；It is described
Interior fluidisation pipe 3, mother tube 4, it is outer fluidisation pipe 5 be tubular, three upper end alignment coaxial surrounding connection but it is not connected, from outside to
It is inside followed successively by outer fluidisation pipe 5, mother tube 4 and interior fluidisation pipe 3 and length is incremented by successively；The bottom end of interior fluidisation pipe 3 is the circle of sealing
Cone, and fluidisation pipe injection port 1 in the bottom distribution of interior fluidisation pipe cylindrical sidewall.
The mode that another kind is implemented is as shown in Fig. 2, kind fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system, the feed system pass through anti-
Device top center is answered, feed system includes interior fluidisation pipe 3, mother tube 4, outer fluidisation pipe 5, current divider 2, interior fluidisation pipe injection port 1；
The interior fluidisation pipe 3, mother tube 4, outer fluidisation pipe 5 are tubular, three upper end alignment coaxial surrounding connection but not connected, from
Outer fluidisation pipe 5, mother tube 4 and interior fluidisation pipe 3 are followed successively by outside and length is incremented by successively；The bottom end of interior fluidisation pipe 3 is sealing
Cone, and fluidisation pipe injection port 1 in the bottom distribution of interior fluidisation pipe, the outside of interior fluidisation pipe injection port 1 are connected with shunting
Device 2, and current divider 2 is connected with interior fluidisation pipe injection port 1；The current divider 2 is by lower current divider I and upper current divider II groups
Into the inclined-plane of lower current divider I is plane, and the inclined-plane of upper current divider II is cancave cambered surface.
Referring to Fig. 1, summary is carried out to a kind of course of work of fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system of the present invention
Ground describes.
Fluidizing gas is supplied from fluidizing gas supply pipe by interior fluidisation pipe 3 and outer fluidisation pipe 5, and raw material is in carrier gas (one
As for nitrogen, vapor, helium etc.) carry under, supplied from raw material supply pipe 7 by mother tube 4, partial fluidised gas is from interior stream
Change pipe injection port 1 to flow out, then change direction, flow up；Raw material is flowed out from mother tube 4, with the fluidizing gas flowed up
Mixing, flows up；Partial fluidised gas is flowed out from outer fluidisation pipe 5, is permeated into inside reactor bed.
When fixed fluidized-bed reactor is used for catalytic cracking or catalytic pyrolysis, hydrocarbon material is urged in regenerated heat
More small molecule is vaporized and is cracked under (400~600 DEG C) effects of agent.Hydrocarbon material is being fed into feed system
Before reactor, Heating hydrocarbon object material usually is wanted, is preferably heated to 50 DEG C to 300 DEG C of temperature.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example uses laboratory conventional use of small fixed fluidized bed unit (FFB) as consersion unit, charging system
It unites and uses conventional feed system, the configuration of reactor and feed system is as shown in Figure 3.
Raw materials used oil is the mixing mink cell focus of Daqing crude oil, and property is shown in Table 1.Choose the LBO industry by pretreatment
Poising agent (being derived from Lanzhou Petrochemical heavy oil catalytically cracking equipment) 200g carries out catalytic cracking reaction experiment, the object of catalyst
Change property and be shown in Table 2.The condition of catalytic cracking reaction is：530 DEG C of reaction temperature, oil ratio 5, air speed 8h-1, atomizing steam (account for original
The weight percent of material) 6.6wt%.Gaseous product analyzes its composition by on-line chromatograph, and product liquid passes through offline chromatograph
It carries out simulation distillation and analyzes, deposited the catalyst of coke through on-line decoking, pass through CO2In-line analyzer measures CO in flue gas2
Content, obtain coke output, analysis result is as shown in table 3.
Embodiment 1
The fixed fluidized bed feed system in laboratory is prepared according to feed system configuration shown in FIG. 1, which includes
Interior fluidisation pipe 3, mother tube 4, outer fluidisation pipe 5, interior fluidisation pipe injection port 1.The interior fluidisation pipe 3, mother tube 4, outer fluidisation pipe 5
For cylindrical shape, three upper end alignment coaxial surrounding connection but not connected is followed successively by outer fluidisation pipe 5,4 and of mother tube from outside to inside
Interior fluidisation pipe 3；And length is incremented by successively；The bottom end of interior fluidisation pipe 3 is the cone of sealing, and the bottom of interior fluidisation pipe 3 is set
There are 2 interior fluidisation pipe injection ports 1 that can flow up fluidizing gas.
The mother tube 4 is cylindrical shape, and interior fluidisation pipe 3 is coaxially through in mother tube 4, outer fluidisation 5 coaxial surrounding of pipe
In the outside of mother tube 4, it is followed successively by outer fluidisation pipe 5, mother tube 4 and interior fluidisation pipe 3 from outside to inside；Outer fluidisation pipe 5 and mother tube 4
The ratio of diameter is 1.5:1；The ratio of interior fluidisation pipe 5 and 4 diameter of mother tube is 0.6:1.Length is followed successively by from big to small：Interior stream
Change pipe 3, mother tube 4, outer fluidisation pipe 5；The length of interior fluidisation pipe 3 is 1.3 times of 4 length of mother tube；It is outer fluidisation pipe 3 length be
The 85% of 4 length of mother tube.
The bottom end seal of interior fluidisation pipe 3 is circular cone build, and the apex angle of cone is 70 °；The upper surface diameter of cone with
The diameter of interior fluidisation pipe 3 is equal；The height of cone fluidizes the 6% of 3 length of pipe to be interior.
Interior fluidisation pipe injection port 1 is located at the lower part of fluidisation 3 side wall of pipe in cylindrical shape, the mandrel line of fluidisation pipe injection port 1 with
The angle β of interior fluidisation 3 tubular upper side wall of pipe is 25 °；The diameter of interior fluidisation pipe injection port 1 and the ratio of interior fluidisation 3 diameter of pipe are
3/2；The quantity of interior fluidisation pipe injection port 1 is 3, and is evenly distributed in the side wall of interior fluidisation pipe 3；Interior fluidisation pipe injection port 1
Lower edge with it is interior fluidisation 3 bottom end circular cone of pipe top it is concordant.
300 DEG C of vapor is from 300 DEG C of vapor from interior fluidizing gas supply pipe 6-1 and outer fluidisation pipe 6-2, by interior
Fluidisation pipe 3 and outer fluidisation pipe 5 supply, and the feedstock oil of atomization passes through original under the carrying of 300 DEG C of vapor, from raw material supply pipe 7
Expects pipe 4 supplies.Partial fluidised gas is flowed out from interior fluidisation pipe injection port 1, is then changed direction, is flowed up；Raw material is from raw material
Pipe 4 flows out, and mixes, flows up with the fluidizing gas flowed up；Partial fluidised gas is flowed out from outer fluidisation pipe 5, is permeated into
Inside reactor bed.
Raw materials used oil is the mixing mink cell focus of Daqing crude oil, and property is shown in Table 1.Choose the LBO industry by pretreatment
Poising agent (being derived from Lanzhou Petrochemical heavy oil catalytically cracking equipment) 200g carries out catalytic cracking reaction experiment, the object of catalyst
Change property and be shown in Table 2.The condition of catalytic cracking reaction is：530 DEG C of reaction temperature, oil ratio 5, air speed 8h-1, atomizing steam (account for original
The weight percent of material) 6.6wt%.Gaseous product analyzes its composition by on-line chromatograph, and product liquid passes through offline chromatograph
It carries out simulation distillation and analyzes, deposited the catalyst of coke through on-line decoking, pass through CO2In-line analyzer measures CO in flue gas2
Content, obtain coke output, analysis result is as shown in table 3.
Embodiment 2
The fixed fluidized bed feed system in laboratory is prepared according to feed system configuration shown in Fig. 2, which includes
Interior fluidisation pipe 3, mother tube 4, outer fluidisation pipe 5, current divider 2, interior fluidisation pipe injection port 1.The interior fluidisation pipe 3, mother tube 4,
The structural parameters of outer fluidisation pipe 5 and inner flow tube injection port 1 are consistent with embodiment 1.
The outside cylinder wall lower part setting current divider 2 of fluidisation pipe 3 inside, the height of current divider 2 fluidize pipe injection port 1 and hang down inside
More than straight height and 4 bottom end of mother tube is hereinafter, the current divider 2 is made of upper current divider II and lower current divider I, upper current divider
The inclined-plane of II is elliptical arc surface, and the inclined-plane of lower current divider I is plane, the long axis and short axle of the upper current divider II inclined-planes elliptic arc
The ratio between be 5.5:1；The long axis of elliptic arc is parallel with interior fluidisation pipe 3, and the angle of elliptic arc is 90 °, elliptic arc minor axis length with it is interior
The distance for fluidizing 3 outer wall of pipe to 4 outer wall of mother tube is equal；The inclined-plane of the lower current divider I forms the angle of angle with interior fluidisation pipe 3
Spend is 35 °；The basal diameter of upper current divider II is equal with the upper surface diameter of lower current divider I.
300 DEG C of vapor passes through interior fluidisation pipe 3 and outer fluidisation from interior fluidizing gas supply pipe 6-1 and outer fluidisation pipe 6-2
Pipe 5 supplies, and the feedstock oil of atomization supplies under the carrying of 300 DEG C of vapor from raw material supply pipe 7 by mother tube 4.It flows part
Change gas to flow out from interior fluidisation pipe injection port 1, then change direction, flow up；Raw material is flowed out from mother tube 4, and to upstream
Dynamic fluidizing gas mixing, flows up；Partial fluidised gas is flowed out from outer fluidisation pipe 5, is permeated into inside reactor bed.
Raw materials used oil is the mixing mink cell focus of Daqing crude oil, and property is shown in Table 1.Choose the LBO industry by pretreatment
Poising agent (being derived from Lanzhou Petrochemical heavy oil catalytically cracking equipment) 200g carries out catalytic cracking reaction experiment, the object of catalyst
Change property and be shown in Table 2.The condition of catalytic cracking reaction is：530 DEG C of reaction temperature, oil ratio 5, air speed 8h-1, atomizing steam (account for original
The weight percent of material) 6.6wt%.Gaseous product analyzes its composition by on-line chromatograph, and product liquid passes through offline chromatograph
It carries out simulation distillation and analyzes, deposited the catalyst of coke through on-line decoking, pass through CO2In-line analyzer measures CO in flue gas2
Content, obtain coke output, analysis result is as shown in table 3.
1 raw material oil nature of table
The property of LBO industry poising agent of the table 2 by pretreatment
Reaction condition and the product distribution of 3 embodiment and comparative example of table
By the result of upper table 3 it is found that under the conditions of other conditions are immovable, using fixed fluidisation of the present invention
Bed feed system carries out evaluation response to LBO catalyst on fixed fluidized bed.Under the same terms, the yield of the coke of dry gas
1 ＞ embodiments of comparative example, 1 ＞ embodiments 2 are followed successively by, compared with the fixed fluidized bed feed system of tradition, feed system of the invention
In the case where being not provided with current divider, the yield of dry gas and coke can be greatly reduced；And add the feed system of current divider
Evaluation result shows dry gas and coke yield further declines, and the distribution of product is more excellent, the yield of liquefied gas and gasoline
Apparent to increase, this illustrates that fixed fluidized bed feed system of the present invention can preferably control temperature of the raw material in feed pipe
Degree, effective controlling reaction temperature, the coking for reducing raw material inside mother tube, can improve raw material oil gas with urging after adding current divider
The contact effect of agent is precisely controlled reaction condition, the performance of optimized product distribution, accurately reflection catalyst.
It can be seen that fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system provided by the invention, by being flowed in increasing in feed pipe
Change flue, around outflowization flue outside feed pipe, and the internally optimization design of fluidizing gas pipe so that the feed system
Temperature of the raw material in feed pipe, effective controlling reaction temperature, the coking for reducing raw material inside mother tube can be accurately controlled,
And with the characteristics of gas feeding stabilization, gas velocity distribution is uniform, contact effect of the raw material oil gas with catalyst can be improved, precisely
Control reaction condition, the performance of the accurate reflection catalyst of energy, convenient for the exploitation and optimization of catalytic cracking process.And these are excellent
Point can not be realized in conventional fixed fluidized bed feed system.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, still, during present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above
Detail, within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple variants can be carried out to technical scheme of the present invention, this
A little simple variants all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance
In the case of shield, can be combined by any suitable means, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to it is various can
The combination of energy no longer separately illustrates.
In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined randomly, as long as it is without prejudice to originally
The thought of invention, it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system, the feed system enter along the center of reactor top in reactor,
It is characterized in that feed system includes interior fluidisation pipe, mother tube, outer fluidisation pipe, interior fluidisation pipe injection port；The interior fluidisation pipe,
Mother tube, outer fluidisation pipe is tubulars, and three upper end alignment coaxial surrounding connection but not connected is followed successively by outer fluidisation from outside to inside
Pipe, mother tube and it is interior fluidisation pipe and length it is incremented by successively；The bottom end of interior fluidisation pipe be the inverted cone sealed, and interior fluidisation
The bottom of pipe is provided with the interior fluidisation pipe injection port that can flow up fluidizing gas.
2. fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the interior fluidisation pipe note
Loophole is arranged on the side wall of the cone or interior fluidisation socket shape lower sidewall.
3. fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that interior fluidisation pipe cylindrical sidewall
Lower part is provided with the interior fluidisation pipe injection port that can flow up fluidizing gas, the central axis and interior stream of interior fluidisation pipe injection port
The angle for changing the tubular upper side wall formation of pipe is less than 90 °.
4. fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that interior fluidisation pipe injection port
The angle that the tubular upper side wall of central axis and interior fluidisation pipe is formed is 15~75 °, preferably 18~50 °.
5. fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that interior fluidisation pipe injection port
Lower edge is concordant with the top of interior fluidisation tube bottom end cone or the lower edge of interior fluidisation pipe injection port is higher than interior fluidisation tube bottom end
The top of cone.
6. according to Claims 1 to 5 any one of them fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system, it is characterised in that described is interior
The ratio for fluidizing the diameter and the diameter of interior fluidisation pipe of pipe injection port is 2/1~1/3, preferably 1~2/3.
7. according to Claims 1 to 5 any one of them fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system, it is characterised in that described is interior
Fluidisation pipe injection port is uniformly distributed the bottom for fluidizing pipe inside, and quantity is 1~6, preferably 2~3.
8. according to Claims 1 to 5 any one of them fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system, it is characterised in that described is interior
The length for fluidizing pipe is 112~167%, preferably the 125~153% of raw material length of tube；The length of outer fluidisation pipe is mother tube
The 70~95% of length, preferably 75~90%.
9. according to Claims 1 to 5 any one of them fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system, it is characterised in that described is interior
The bottom end of fluidisation pipe is the cone of sealing, and the upper surface diameter of cone is equal with the diameter of interior fluidisation pipe；The top of cone
Angle is 45~140 °, preferably 60~125 °.
10. fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the height of cone is interior
Fluidize 2~10%, preferably the 2~6% of length of tube.
11. according to Claims 1 to 5 any one of them fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system, it is characterised in that outer fluidisation
Pipe and the ratio of raw material pipe diameter are 1.2~3:1, preferably 1.3~2:1；Interior fluidisation pipe and the ratio of raw material pipe diameter are 0.2
~0.9:1, preferably 0.4~0.8:1.
12. according to Claims 1 to 5 any one of them fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system, it is characterised in that described
For feed system also comprising current divider, the current divider is arranged on interior fluidisation pipe outside cylinder wall lower part, and current divider and interior stream
Change pipe injection port to be connected；The current divider is made of lower current divider and upper current divider, and the inclined-plane of lower current divider is plane, on
Current divider inclined-plane is cancave cambered surface.
13. fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the height of current divider exists
More than interior fluidisation pipe injection port vertical height and below mother tube bottom end.
14. according to the fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system described in claim 13, it is characterised in that the height of the current divider
It spends more than fluidisation pipe injection port vertical height inside and refers to that shunt base is fluidized more than the upper edge of pipe injection port or divided inside
Stream device bottom is overlapped with the upper edge of interior fluidisation pipe injection port.
15. fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the upper current divider is oblique
Face is cancave cambered surface, is to be rotated a circle around central axis by managing tangent elliptic arc with interior fluidisation to be formed, the long axis of elliptic arc with it is short
The ratio between axis is 1.2~10.0:1, preferably 3.0~8.0:1；The long axis of elliptic arc is parallel with interior fluidisation pipe, the angle of elliptic arc
It it is 90 °, elliptic arc minor axis length is equal with the horizontal distance of interior fluidisation pipe outer wall to raw material pipe outer wall.
16. fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the lower current divider
The angle that inclined-plane forms angle with interior fluidisation socket shape upper side wall is 15~80 °, preferably 25~65 °.
17. fixed fluidized-bed reactor feed system according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the upper current divider
Basal diameter it is equal with the upper surface diameter of lower current divider.
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| CN110180385A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-08-30 | 沈阳理工大学 | Porous ceramics catalytic oxidizer and its preparation method, multipurpose high-efficiency air cleaning unit |
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| CN108236890B (en) | 2020-04-10 |
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