CN108234856A - A kind of acquisition method and image acquiring device of the luminance information of image - Google Patents
A kind of acquisition method and image acquiring device of the luminance information of image Download PDFInfo
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- CN108234856A CN108234856A CN201611152546.4A CN201611152546A CN108234856A CN 108234856 A CN108234856 A CN 108234856A CN 201611152546 A CN201611152546 A CN 201611152546A CN 108234856 A CN108234856 A CN 108234856A
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- photodiode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/80—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
- H04N23/76—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene by influencing the image signals
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of acquisition methods and image acquiring device of the luminance information of image,When camera starts and shoots present image,Obtain the respective practical saturation time of all photodiodes,It is then based on the standard saturation time of photodiode,The normal brightness of photodiode and the respective practical saturation time of each photodiode,Obtain the respective intrinsic brilliance of each photodiode,Then the intrinsic brilliance further according to all photodiodes determines the luminance information of present image,Since the present invention is method that the brightness of image of pixel power is represented using the saturation time length of the photodiode in camera,To reduce dark noise proportion shared in pixel obtains charge,Because dark noise is more fixed value,So it is more it is photosensitive in the case of,Namely photodiode saturation when,The proportion that dark noise is occupied is also just small,So influence of the dark noise to picture quality can be eliminated as far as possible,To obtain clearly image.
Description
Technical field
This application involves technical field of image processing more particularly to a kind of acquisition methods and image of the luminance information of image
Acquisition device.
Background technology
As camera application range is more and more wider, mobile phone, tablet, computer, TV etc. are all applying camera
Increase the function of equipment, miscellaneous picture and the relevant service of video are provided for people.The basis of the above function, then
Be people on the basis of processor ability greatly improves, for the calculating that the data of acquisition become increasingly complex, so as to
To the image information of more preferably quality.
The method that present camera obtains high-quality image information is more focused at the data after initial data obtains
Reason, and the importance that the quality for ignoring initial data handles later data.The initial data of the prior art is centainly to expose
Between light time, in the case of certain aperture size, each pixel (also referred to as pixel, each pixel are) for measuring camera obtains
Charge how much, to obtain image luminance information, so as to obtain piece image.Specifically, each pixel of camera is right
A photodiode is answered, so the charge that charge i.e. pixel that photodiode obtains obtain.
And after obtaining image, since each pixel is there are dark noise, so after pixel obtains the quantity of electric charge, can subtract
Dark noise just obtains the charge of the practical acquisition of pixel.Dark noise is the intrinsic noise of photodiode, and each photosensitive two
Dark noise size between pole pipe is there is also difference, so when obtaining the few situation of charge, it is impossible to unified secretly be made an uproar with cutting
Tone mark standard come determine charge at this time number, in this way caused by error can be very big；Only in many situations of the charge of acquisition,
After carrying out subtraction according to unified dark noise level, error at this time can be ignored.
But under conditions of certain time for exposure, certain aperture size, obtained due to each pixel of camera
Charge is different, causes dark noise proportion in each pixel different, especially when charge is obtained less, dark noise institute accounting
Weight is just very important, so will appear image dark portion shows the problem of fuzzy.
Invention content
Invention provides a kind of acquisition method and image acquiring device of the luminance information of image, to solve figure at present
The technical issues of the problem of fuzzy being shown as dark portion.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of acquisition method of the luminance information of image, the method
Including：
When camera starts and shoots present image, obtain all photodiodes included in the camera and absorb
Charge reaches practical saturation time used during saturation；The charge is the external environmental light injected when the camera starts
The charge that line is formed；
The normal brightness of standard saturation time, photodiode based on photodiode and each photodiode are respectively
Practical saturation time, obtain the respective intrinsic brilliance of each photodiode；
The luminance information of the present image is determined based on the intrinsic brilliance of all photodiodes.
Preferably, all photodiodes absorption charge included in the camera that obtains reaches used during saturation
Practical saturation time, including：
It obtains each photodiode absorption charge and reaches the practical saturation voltage generated during saturation；
The respective practical saturation time of each photodiode is determined based on the practical saturation voltage of each photodiode.
Preferably, all photodiodes absorption charge included in the camera that obtains reaches used during saturation
Practical saturation time, including：
It obtains each photodiode absorption charge and reaches the saturation signal sent out during saturation；
The respective practical saturation time of each photodiode is determined based on the saturation signal of each photodiode.
It is described to obtain the respective practical saturation time of all photodiodes included in the camera, including：
It obtains each photodiode absorption charge and reaches used time during the first saturation threshold value；
The used time is determined as respective when each photodiode absorption charge is reached the first saturation threshold value
Practical saturation time；
Wherein, the first saturation threshold value of each photodiode is the maximum that each photodiode absorbs the charge
Capability value.
Preferably, all photodiodes absorption charge included in the camera that obtains reaches used during saturation
Practical saturation time before, further include：
The substrate thickness of each photodiode is adjusted, and then determines the first saturation threshold value of each photodiode,
Wherein, the first saturation threshold value of each photodiode is identical.
Preferably, the standard saturation time based on photodiode, the normal brightness of photodiode and each light
The quick respective practical saturation time of diode, obtains the respective intrinsic brilliance of each photodiode, including：
Utilize formula T:T=lx:LX obtains the respective intrinsic brilliance lx of each photodiode；
Wherein, T is standard saturation time, and t is the respective practical saturation time of each photodiode, and lx is each photosensitive
The respective intrinsic brilliance of diode, LX are normal brightness.
Preferably, all photodiodes absorption charge included in the camera that obtains reaches used during saturation
Practical saturation time after, including：
The respective practical saturation of M photodiode is determined from the respective practical saturation time of all photodiodes
Time；
Based on the respective practical saturation time of the M photodiode, when calculating the average saturation of M photodiode
Between；
Determined by the average saturation time of the M photodiode for adjust photodiode substrate substrate
Voltage；
The second saturation threshold value of all photodiodes, the second saturation threshold value are adjusted based on the underlayer voltage
It is the maximum capacity that all photodiodes absorb the charge when shooting next image.
Preferably, the second saturation threshold value that all photodiodes are adjusted based on the underlayer voltage, including：
All photodiodes is controlled to empty the charge of each self-absorption；
The substrate thickness of all photodiodes is adjusted based on the underlayer voltage, and then determines all photodiodes
The second saturation threshold value.
Of the invention on the other hand, also discloses a kind of image acquiring device, including：Central processing unit and camera；
Wherein, multiple photodiodes are contained in the camera；
All photodiodes in the camera, it is outer for being absorbed when the camera starts and shoots an image
Boundary's light enters the charge formed during the camera；
The central processing unit, for when the camera starts and shoots present image, obtaining in the camera
Comprising all photodiodes absorb practical saturation time used when charge reaches saturation；The charge is in the camera shooting
The charge that the external environmental light line that head is injected when starting is formed；Standard saturation time, photodiode based on photodiode
Normal brightness and the respective practical saturation time of each photodiode, it is bright to obtain the respective reality of each photodiode
Degree；The luminance information of the present image is determined based on the intrinsic brilliance of all photodiodes.
Preferably, the central processing unit, is additionally operable to：
It obtains each photodiode absorption charge and reaches the practical saturation voltage generated during saturation；
The respective practical saturation time of each photodiode is determined based on the practical saturation voltage of each photodiode.
Preferably, the central processing unit, is additionally operable to：
It obtains each photodiode absorption charge and reaches the saturation signal sent out during saturation；
The respective practical saturation time of each photodiode is determined based on the saturation signal of each photodiode.
Preferably, described image acquisition device further includes：Clock bus, timer；The central processing unit passes through clock
Bus is connected with the camera；
In the camera, each photodiode is corresponding with a timer, a control switch, a mask register；
Wherein, each photodiode is sequentially connected respective control switch and mask register；And timer connects corresponding control
Switch, for providing the time for respective photodiode in real time；
The bus that reads connects all mask registers；
When the camera starts and shoots an image, the corresponding timer of each photodiode starts to count
When, and each photodiode starts stored charge, when each photodiode stored charge reaches the first saturation threshold value
When continuing to build up charge again later, charge overflows, and overflows the voltage that charge generates and controls each photodiode respective
Control switch disconnects, at this time the time of timer cannot reach the respective mask register of each photodiode, so as to each
When the respective mask register of photodiode then records corresponding photodiode and absorbs charge and reach the first saturation threshold value
The used time, by read bus read preserved in each respective mask register of photodiode it is corresponding photosensitive
Diode absorption charge reaches used time during the first saturation threshold value, wherein, each photodiode absorbs charge and reaches
It is exactly the practical saturation time of each photodiode to used time during the first saturation threshold value；Each photodiode
The first saturation threshold value be maximum capacity that each photodiode absorbs the charge.
Preferably, described image acquisition device further includes：Clock bus reads bus；
The central processing unit is connected respectively by clock bus, reading bus with the camera；
In the camera, each photodiode is corresponding with control switch and a mask register；Wherein, each
Photodiode is sequentially connected respective control switch and mask register；
The bus that reads connects mask register all in the camera；
The Time BUS connects control switch all in the camera, is switched via the control by time data
It is broadcast to respective mask register；
When the camera starts and shoots an image, each photodiode starts stored charge, when each photosensitive
Diode stored charge reaches when continuing to build up charge again after the first saturation threshold value, and charge overflows, and overflows charge and produces
Raw voltage controls the respective control switch of each photodiode to disconnect, the time number broadcasted at this time by the clock bus
According to the respective mask register of each photodiode cannot be reached, so as to the respective mask register of each photodiode then
It records corresponding photodiode absorption charge and reaches used time during the first saturation threshold value, read by reading bus
The corresponding photodiode preserved in the respective mask register of each photodiode absorbs charge and reaches the first saturation door
Used time during limit value, wherein, when each photodiode absorption charge reaches used during the first saturation threshold value
Between be exactly each photodiode practical saturation time；First saturation threshold value of each photodiode is each photosensitive two
Pole pipe absorbs the maximum capacity of the charge.
Preferably, described image acquisition device further includes：Substrate controlling bus connects the substrate of each photodiode；
The substrate controlling bus for adjusting the substrate thickness of each photodiode, and then determines each photosensitive two
First saturation threshold value of pole pipe, wherein, the first saturation threshold value of each photodiode is identical.
Preferably, the central processing unit, for utilizing formula T:T=lx:LX obtains each photodiode respectively
Intrinsic brilliance lx；Wherein, T is standard saturation time, and t is the respective practical saturation time of each photodiode, and lx is every
A respective intrinsic brilliance of photodiode, LX is normal brightness.
Preferably, the central processing unit is additionally operable to, and is determined from the respective practical saturation time of all photodiodes
Go out the respective practical saturation time of M photodiode；
The central processing unit is additionally operable to, and based on the respective practical saturation time of the M photodiode, calculates M
The average saturation time of photodiode；
The central processing unit is additionally operable to, and the substrate is determined by the average saturation time of the M photodiode
The underlayer voltage of controlling bus；
The substrate controlling bus is additionally operable to adjust the saturation threshold of all photodiodes based on the underlayer voltage
Value.
Preferably, the substrate controlling bus is additionally operable to the charge that all photodiodes is controlled to empty each self-absorption；Institute
Substrate controlling bus is stated, is additionally operable to adjust the substrate thickness of all photodiodes based on the underlayer voltage, and then is determined
The saturation threshold value of all photodiodes.
By one or more technical solution of the present invention, the invention has the advantages that advantage：
The invention discloses a kind of acquisition method and image acquiring device of the luminance information of image, when camera starts simultaneously
When shooting present image, all respective practical saturation times of photodiode are obtained by reading bus, pass through central processing
Standard saturation time of the device based on photodiode, the normal brightness of photodiode and the respective reality of each photodiode
Saturation time obtains the respective intrinsic brilliance of each photodiode, is then based on all photosensitive two poles by central processing unit
The intrinsic brilliance of pipe determines the luminance information of present image, since the present invention is to utilize the full of the photodiode in camera
The method that the brightness of image of pixel power is represented with time length, it is shared in pixel obtains charge to reduce dark noise
Proportion because dark noise is more fixed value, it is more it is photosensitive in the case of, that is, photodiode saturation when
It waits, the proportion that dark noise is occupied is also just small, so influence of the dark noise to picture quality can be eliminated as far as possible, comes
To clearly image.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Organization Chart of the image acquiring device in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of camera in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of implementation process figure of the acquisition method of the luminance information of image in the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference sign：Photodiode 1, Time BUS 3, mask register 4, reads bus 5, lining at control switch 2
Bottom controlling bus 6, camera 7, central processing unit 8.
Specific embodiment
The present invention shows fuzzy problem for the image dark portion mentioned, and the present invention provides a kind of adopting for luminance information of image
Diversity method and image acquiring device represent that the image of the pixel is bright using the saturation time length of pixel (i.e. photodiode)
Strong and weak method is spent, to reduce dark noise proportion shared in pixel obtains charge, because dark noise is more fixed value,
So it is more it is photosensitive in the case of, that is, when photodiode saturation, the proportion that dark noise is occupied is also just small,
So influence of the dark noise to picture quality can be eliminated as far as possible, to obtain clearly image.In addition, after charge saturation
Digitized time data is can obtain, so as to reduce the process of analogue data processing, avoids the introducing of more system noises.
In order to which the application the technical staff in the technical field is made to be more clearly understood that the application, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings,
Technical scheme is described in detail by specific embodiment.
In the following embodiments, the present invention introduces a kind of image acquiring device, mainly includes：It central processing unit 8 and takes the photograph
As head 7.Wherein, multiple photodiodes 1 are contained in the camera 7.
All photodiodes 1 in the camera 7, for being inhaled when the camera 7 starts and shoots an image
It receives ambient and enters the charge formed during the camera 7.Wherein, the charge is injected when the camera 7 starts
External environmental light line formed charge.
The central processing unit 8, for when the camera 7 starts and shoots present image, obtaining the camera 7
In all photodiodes 1 for including absorb charge and reach practical saturation time used during saturation；Based on photodiode 1
Standard saturation time, the normal brightness of photodiode 1 and the respective practical saturation time of each photodiode 1 obtain every
A 1 respective intrinsic brilliance of photodiode；The bright of the present image is determined based on the intrinsic brilliance of all photodiodes 1
Spend information.
Since the present invention is that the image of the pixel is represented using the saturation time length of the photodiode in camera
The method of brightness power, to reduce dark noise proportion shared in pixel obtains charge, because dark noise is more fixed
Value, thus it is more it is photosensitive in the case of, that is, when photodiode saturation, the proportion that dark noise is occupied is also just small
, so influence of the dark noise to picture quality can be eliminated as far as possible, to obtain clearly image.
Generally speaking, there are many kinds of the modes for obtaining the saturation time of the photodiode in camera, is had below
The introduction of body.
As a kind of optional embodiment, the central processing unit 8 is additionally operable to：
It obtains each absorption of photodiode 1 charge and reaches the practical saturation voltage generated during saturation；Based on each photosensitive
The practical saturation voltage of diode 1 determines the respective practical saturation time of each photodiode 1.
In specific implementation process, photodiode 1 has standard saturation voltage before manufacture, and can measure out
Photodiode 1 makes standard saturation time used reaching standard saturation voltage.
And in practical applications, due to the variation of external environment, need to come by adjusting the underlayer voltage of photodiode 1
Obtain suitable saturation time (under the premise of it can exclude photographer's shake factor as possible so that saturation time is long as possible,
It is to obtain more charges), so as to obtain different saturation voltages.
So central processing unit 8, can be by photodiode 1 after the practical saturation voltage for obtaining photodiode 1
Practical saturation voltage is compared with standard saturation voltage, obtains a proportionate relationship.When then, using the proportionate relationship and standard saturation
Between product, obtain practical saturation time.For example, the practical saturation voltage of a photodiode 1 is 2V：Standard saturation electricity
It presses as 1V=2:1.So practical saturation time of photodiode 1：Standard saturation time 1s=2:1.It is it follows that practical full
It is 2s with the time.
As a kind of optional embodiment, the central processing unit 8 is additionally operable to：
It obtains each absorption of photodiode 1 charge and reaches the saturation signal sent out during saturation；
The respective practical saturation time of each photodiode 1 is determined based on the saturation signal of each photodiode 1.
In specific implementation process, image acquiring device of the invention includes：
Central processing unit 8, reads bus 5 at camera 7.
Each photodiode 1 in camera 7 is corresponding with a timer, to carry out timing to photodiode 1.
And read bus 5 and connect photodiode 1 all in camera 7, read timer for receiving the control of central processing unit 8
Time.
When each photodiode 1 starts to absorb charge, 1 respective timer of photodiode starts have the time
Point, if corresponding saturation signal can be sent out, and timer records at this moment by having photodiode 1 to absorb when charge reaches saturation
Photodiode 1 sends out time point during saturation signal, according to the difference at two time points, you can obtains the photodiode 1
Saturation time.
So central processing unit 8 can read meter when photodiode 1 sends out saturation signal based on the saturation signal
When device in sum when sending out saturation signal of photodiode 1 time point.And it reads timer and starts to inhale in photodiode 1
Receive time point during charge.And then by calculating the difference at two time points, obtain the saturation time of the photodiode 1.
Specifically, in order to avoid multiple photodiodes 1 send saturation signal to central processing unit simultaneously when saturated
8,8 congestion of central processing unit is caused to paralyse.The present invention can by central processing unit 8 successively to the saturation signal of photodiode 1 into
Row is read, such as from top to bottom, is from left to right successively read the saturation signal of the photodiode 1 in camera 7.
As a kind of optional embodiment, the central processing unit is additionally operable to：
It obtains each photodiode absorption charge and reaches used time during the first saturation threshold value；
The used time is determined as respective when each photodiode absorption charge is reached the first saturation threshold value
Practical saturation time.
Fig. 1 is please referred to, is the Organization Chart of the image acquiring device of the present invention.
In the present invention, image acquiring device specifically includes：Central processing unit 8, camera 7, reading bus 5, time are total
Line 3, substrate controlling bus 6.
Specific component is described below.
In camera 7, including multiple photodiodes.It is extraneous when the camera 7 starts and shoots present image
Ambient light can enter camera 7, make to show that external environment is laid out in camera 7.Charge is penetrated when the camera 7 starts
The charge that the external environmental light line entered is formed.
And the photodiode in camera 7 is used to absorb the external world when the camera 7 starts and shoots present image
Light enters the charge formed during camera 7.
Specifically, each photodiode of the invention has a saturation threshold value, and saturation threshold value is photosensitive two
Pole pipe absorbs the maximum capacity of charge, if the charge that photodiode absorbs is more than this saturation threshold value, then extra electricity
Lotus will overflow.The all corresponding identical saturation threshold value of all photodiodes of the present invention.
The saturation threshold value of photodiode is adjustable.
Specifically, photodiode has a substrate, and the thickness of substrate can influence the saturation threshold value of photodiode,
Substrate thickness is thicker, then the saturation threshold value of photodiode is smaller, if the substrate thickness of photodiode is adjusted to maximum value, that
The saturation threshold value of photodiode is then close to 0.
So by adjusting the substrate thickness of photodiode, it is possible to which the threshold value of photodiode is adjusted.
Certainly, the specific setting value of the saturation threshold value of photodiode, then need depending on actual conditions.
If emptying the charge in photodiode, only need the substrate thickness of photodiode being adjusted to maximum
Value, when the substrate thickness of photodiode reaches maximum value, substrate will cover entire photodiode, then photodiode
Charge can not be just stored, the charge that photodiode absorbs will be completely exhausted out, and photosensitive two pole is emptied so can reach
The purpose of charge in pipe.
It is for the introduction of photodiode above in camera 7.
For central processing unit 8, controlled respectively by the reading bus 5, the Time BUS 3, substrate total
Line 6 and the camera 7 connect.
Time BUS 3, for real-time broadcast time data to photodiode all in the camera 7.
Bus 5 is read, for reading the practical saturation time of all photodiodes in camera 7.Each photosensitive two pole
The practical saturation time of pipe is that each photodiode absorption charge reaches used time during the first saturation threshold value.The
One saturation threshold value, the saturation threshold value set when being for shooting present image and by substrate controlling bus 6 set
It shoots the saturation threshold value used during present image or each photodiode absorbs the maximum capacity of charge.In order to
First saturation threshold value distinguishes, the saturation threshold value that the present invention sets substrate controlling bus 6 when shooting next image
Referred to as the second saturation threshold value.
Substrate controlling bus 6, for determining the first saturation threshold value of all photodiodes in camera 7.
Specifically, the saturation threshold value of photodiode, either the first saturation threshold value or the second saturation threshold
Value, is all adjusted, substrate controlling bus 6 connects the substrate of each photodiode by substrate controlling bus 6.Substrate
Controlling bus 6 changes the substrate thickness of photodiode by adjusting underlayer voltage, and then determines all photodiodes
Saturation threshold value.
Specifically, the underlayer voltage of substrate controlling bus 6 is bigger, then the substrate of photodiode will be thicker, light
The saturation threshold value of quick diode will be smaller.
So during specific adjustment, substrate controlling bus 6 is when controlling photodiode emptying, it is only necessary to control
The substrate thickness of photodiode reaches maximum value, it is possible to discharge the charge that all photodiodes are accumulated.
It is the specific introduction of each component of the present invention above, specific implementation principle is described below.
When the camera 7 starts and shoots described image, external environment light can enter camera 7, in camera 7
All photodiodes start to absorb the charge generated by external environment light.
After the charge of each photodiode reaches the first saturation threshold value, the reading bus 5 obtains all light
The respective practical saturation time of quick diode simultaneously sends the central processing unit 8 to.
The central processing unit 8 obtains the standard saturation time and normal brightness of photodiode.
Then the central processing unit 8 is based on the respective practical saturation time of each photodiode, the standard saturation
Time, the normal brightness obtain the respective intrinsic brilliance of each photodiode.
And in specific calculating process, according to standard saturation time T, (photodiode is full under standard illumination condition
And the time), normal brightness, the proportionate relationship with practical saturation time t at this time, inverse ratio both obtains the ratio of brightness relationship,
And then the intrinsic brilliance of photodiode is obtained.Such as：T is standard saturation time, and t is the respective practical saturation of photodiode
Time, lx are the respective intrinsic brilliance of photodiode, and LX is normal brightness.It so then can be according to formula T:T=lx:LX comes
Obtain the respective intrinsic brilliance lx of photodiode.
The central processing unit 8 based on the respective intrinsic brilliance of each photodiode, obtains the brightness of described image again
Information.
Referring to Fig. 2, lower mask body introduces the structure diagram of the camera 7 of the present invention.
Camera 7 includes：Multiple photodiodes 1, and each photodiode 1 is corresponding with 2 and one meter of control switch
When register 4 wherein, each photodiode 1 is sequentially connected respective control switch 2 and mask register 4.
If camera 7 has 500 photodiodes 1, then in this 500 photodiodes 1, each photodiode
1 has respective control switch 2 and mask register 4.Fig. 2 is then by taking a photodiode 1 as an example, specifically discloses the light
The connection relation of quick diode 1 and other component.
In specific connection structure, read bus 5 and connect mask register 4 all in camera 7.
The Time BUS 3 connects control switch 2 all in camera 7, and 2 are switched by time data via the control
It is broadcast to respective mask register 4.
When the camera 7 starts and shoots an image, each photodiode 1 starts stored charge, when each light
Quick 1 stored charge of diode reaches when continuing to build up charge again after the first saturation threshold value, and charge overflows, spilling charge
The voltage of generation controls the respective control switch 2 of each photodiode 1 to disconnect, at this time by the clock bus broadcast when
Between data cannot reach each 1 respective mask register 4 of photodiode, so as to each 1 respective timing of photodiode
Register 4 then records the corresponding absorption of photodiode 1 charge and reaches used time (each light during the first saturation threshold value
The used time is exactly that the reality of each photodiode 1 is satisfied when the quick absorption of diode 1 charge reaches the first saturation threshold value
And the time).Preserved in each 1 respective mask register 4 of photodiode corresponding photosensitive two are read by reading bus 5
The practical saturation time of pole pipe 1.
Below continuing with reference to Fig. 2, by taking a photodiode 1 as an example, specific implementation principle is introduced.
It should be noted that clock bus is continued in broadcast time data to mask register 4.And timing is deposited
Device 4 is also to record time data in real time.
When the camera 7 starts and shoots an image, then ambient will enter camera 7, and shine
Photodiode 1 is mapped to, photodiode 1 starts to absorb charge at this time.
When 1 stored charge of photodiode is to saturation and when continuing to build up charge, charge overflows.
Overflowing the voltage that charge generates can promote control switch 2 to disconnect, the time data broadcasted at this time by clock bus
Mask register 4 cannot be reached, so as to mask register 4 record be photodiode 1 practical saturation time.
The practical saturation time of photodiode 1 preserved in mask register 4 is read by reading bus 5.
According to standard saturation time T (saturation time of the photodiode 1 under standard illumination condition), normal brightness, with
The proportionate relationship of practical saturation time t at this time, inverse ratio obtains the ratio of the two brightness relationship, and then photodiode 1 is obtained
Intrinsic brilliance.Such as：T is standard saturation time, and t is the respective practical saturation time of photodiode 1, and lx is photosensitive two pole
1 respective intrinsic brilliance of pipe, LX is normal brightness.It so then can be according to formula T:T=lx:LX obtains photodiode 1
Respective intrinsic brilliance lx.
Assemble the time data of all photodiodes 1 in camera 7, the reality for calculating all photodiodes 1 is bright
Degree, then can then obtain whole luminance informations of the image.
At this point, camera 7 receives the shooting instruction of user, then the present image can be shot, present image
Luminance information is made of the currently practical brightness of photodiodes 1 all in camera 7.
And in another embodiment, it can be substituted with individual timer and read bus 5, then the holding time to corresponding meter
When register 4 in.
In this implementation process, described image acquisition device further includes：Clock bus, timer；The central processing unit 8
It is connected by clock bus and the camera 7；
In the camera 7, each photodiode 1 is corresponding with a timer, a control switch 2, one timing deposit
Device 4.
Wherein, each photodiode 1 is sequentially connected respective control switch 2 and mask register 4；And timer connects
Corresponding control switch 2, for being that respective photodiode 1 provides the time in real time.
The reading bus 5 connects all mask registers 4.
By more than structure it is found that each photodiode 1 has respective timer to carry out timing.And timer is main
It is in order to substitute the clock bus in former scheme, so the implementation principle of this embodiment and the above-mentioned implementation using clock bus are former
Manage it is similar, it is specific as follows：
When the camera 7 starts and shoots an image, each 1 corresponding timer of photodiode starts to count
When, and each photodiode 1 starts stored charge, when each 1 stored charge of photodiode reaches the first saturation threshold
When continuing to build up charge again after value, charge overflows, and overflows the voltage that charge generates and controls each photodiode 1 respective
Control switch 2 disconnect, at this time the time of timer cannot reach each 1 respective mask register 4 of photodiode, so as to
Each 1 respective mask register 4 of photodiode then records the corresponding absorption of photodiode 1 charge and reaches the first saturation door
(each photodiode 1 absorbed charge and reached during the first saturation threshold value the used time just used time during limit value
It is the practical saturation time of each photodiode 1), each 1 respective timing of photodiode, which is read, by reading bus 5 posts
The corresponding photodiode 1 preserved in storage 4 absorbs charge and reaches used time during the first saturation threshold value.
It is that the control reading bus 5 of central processing unit 8 is successively read each absorption of photodiode 1 charge and reaches in reading
Used time during the first saturation threshold value.Such as by from top to bottom, from left to right in a manner of be successively read, certainly also have its
His reading manner, it should also be included within protection scope of the present invention.
First saturation threshold value of each photodiode 1 is the maximum appearance that each photodiode 1 absorbs the charge
Magnitude.
And in practical applications, camera 7 is not single only to shoot an image, can also be carried out continuously shooting.For example, it shoots
After finishing present image A, next image B can be also shot immediately.
So after the luminance information acquisition of present image A finishes, central processing unit 8 is total available for control substrate control
Line 6 sets the second saturation threshold value of photodiode, to acquire the luminance information of image B next time.
Specifically, central processing unit 8, for obtain all photodiodes respective by the reading bus 5
After practical saturation time, M photodiode is determined respectively from the respective practical saturation time of all photodiodes
Practical saturation time.The present invention determines the reality of M photodiode from the practical saturation time of all photodiodes
There are many modes of border saturation time, for example, select using at center as the number of pixels of the 400*300 of starting point or selection 9 points
Photodiode at focusing comes determining etc..
Central processing unit 8 for being based on the respective practical saturation time of the M photodiode, calculates M photosensitive two
The average saturation time of pole pipe.
Central processing unit 8, the average saturation time for passing through the M photodiode determine that the substrate control is total
The underlayer voltage of line 6.
The substrate controlling bus 6, for adjusting the second saturation door of all photodiodes based on the underlayer voltage
Limit value.Specifically, after substrate controlling bus 6 obtains a underlayer voltage, the underlayer voltage can be based on and adjust all photosensitive two
The substrate thickness of pole pipe, and then to change the second saturation threshold value.
And in specific implementation process, the substrate controlling bus 6 is additionally operable to that all photodiodes is controlled to empty respectively
The charge of self-absorption；
The substrate controlling bus 6 is additionally operable to adjust the substrate thickness of all photodiodes based on the voltage, and then
Determine the saturation threshold value of all photodiodes.
It is the Organization Chart of the image acquiring device of the present invention above, a kind of luminance information of image of the present invention is described below
Acquisition method.
This method is applied to image acquiring device, and image acquiring device of the invention carries out in the above-described embodiments
It is specific to introduce, so no longer image acquiring device is repeated herein.
Fig. 3 is please referred to below, is the implementing procedure figure of the acquisition method of the luminance information of the present invention.
Step 31, when camera starts and shoots present image, all photosensitive two included in the camera are obtained
Pole pipe absorbs charge and reaches practical saturation time used during saturation.
Generally speaking, the present invention can utilize various ways to obtain the practical saturation time of each photodiode, name
Example illustrates.
First way：It obtains each photodiode absorption charge and reaches the practical saturation voltage generated during saturation；Base
The respective practical saturation time of each photodiode is determined in the practical saturation voltage of each photodiode.
In specific implementation process, photodiode has standard saturation voltage before manufacture, and can measure out
Photodiode makes standard saturation time used reaching standard saturation voltage.
And in practical applications, due to the variation of external environment, photodiode threshold value is varied from, so photosensitive two
The practical saturation voltage of pole pipe is also constantly changing.
So central processing unit, can be by the reality of photodiode after the practical saturation voltage for obtaining photodiode
Border saturation voltage is compared with standard saturation voltage, obtains a proportionate relationship.Then, the proportionate relationship and standard saturation time are utilized
Product, obtain practical saturation time.For example, the practical saturation voltage of a photodiode is 2V：Standard saturation voltage
For 1V=2:1.So practical saturation time of photodiode：Standard saturation time 1s=2:1.It follows that practical saturation
Time is 2s.
The second way：It obtains each photodiode absorption charge and reaches the saturation signal sent out during saturation；Based on every
The saturation signal of a photodiode determines the respective practical saturation time of each photodiode.
In specific implementation process, image acquiring device of the invention includes：
Central processing unit, reads bus at camera.
Each photodiode in camera is corresponding with a timer, to carry out timing to photodiode.And
Read all photodiode in bus connection camera, the control for receiving central processing unit read timer when
Between.
When each photodiode starts to absorb charge, the respective timer of photodiode starts have the time
Point, if corresponding saturation signal can be sent out, and timer records at this moment by having photodiode to absorb when charge reaches saturation
Photodiode sends out time point during saturation signal, according to the difference at two time points, you can obtain the photodiode
Saturation time.
So central processing unit can read timing when photodiode sends out saturation signal based on the saturation signal
The time point of sum when photodiode sends out saturation signal in device.And it reads timer and starts to absorb electricity in photodiode
Time point during lotus.And then by calculating the difference at two time points, obtain the saturation time of the photodiode.
Specifically, in order to avoid multiple photodiodes send saturation signal to central processing unit simultaneously when saturated,
Central processing unit congestion is caused to paralyse.The present invention successively can read the saturation signal of photodiode by central processing unit
It takes, such as from top to bottom, is from left to right successively read the saturation signal of the photodiode in camera.
The third mode：When obtaining each photodiode and absorbing charge and reach used during the first saturation threshold value
Between；The used time is determined as respective reality and satisfies when each photodiode absorption charge is reached the first saturation threshold value
And the time.
Specifically, each photodiode absorption charge reaches practical saturation time used during saturation, is each light
Quick diode absorption charge reaches used time during the first saturation threshold value, and charge is injected when the camera starts
External environmental light line formed charge.And photodiode is used to absorb when the camera starts and shoots present image
External environment light enters the charge formed during camera.
Before implementation steps 31, the present invention can adjust the substrate of each photodiode by the substrate controlling bus
Voltage, and then the substrate thickness of each photodiode is adjusted, determine the first saturation threshold value of all photodiodes,
In, all photodiodes all correspond to the first identical saturation threshold value.
In the present invention, each photodiode has a saturation threshold value, and saturation threshold value is that photodiode is inhaled
The maximum capacity of charge is received, if the charge that photodiode absorbs is more than saturation threshold value, then extra charge will overflow
Go out.All photodiodes of the present invention all correspond to identical saturation threshold value.
When often preparing one image of shooting, substrate controlling bus can set a saturation threshold value, it is of course also possible to
After shooting multiple images, substrate controlling bus sets a saturation threshold value again, to shoot used in next image.
First saturation threshold value is the saturation threshold value used when shooting present image set by substrate controlling bus,
First saturation threshold value is the maximum capacity that each photodiode absorbs charge.In order to carry out area with the first saturation threshold value
Point, the saturation threshold value that substrate controlling bus when shooting next image is set is known as the second saturation threshold value by the present invention.
It is and similar with the first saturation threshold value of setting when setting the second saturation threshold value and total by substrate control
Line controls the substrate thickness of all photodiodes using underlayer voltage, and then determines that the second of all photodiodes satisfy
And threshold value.
Specifically, the underlayer voltage of substrate controlling bus is bigger, then the substrate of photodiode will be thicker, photosensitive
The saturation threshold value of diode will be smaller.
And in the underlayer voltage for determining substrate controlling bus, it is by the practical saturation time in all photodiodes
In select the practical saturation time of part photodiode, according to the practical saturation time of the photodiode of this part
Average value calculates.
In specific implementation process, all respective practical saturations of photodiode are being obtained by the reading bus
After time, determine that the respective reality of M photodiode is satisfied from the respective practical saturation time of all photodiodes
And time, M are positive integer and M >=2.The present invention determines M photosensitive two from the practical saturation time of all photodiodes
There are many modes of the practical saturation time of pole pipe, for example, select using at center as the number of pixels of the 400*300 of starting point or
The photodiode at 9 point focusings is selected determining etc..
Based on the respective practical saturation time of the M photodiode, when calculating the average saturation of M photodiode
Between.
The underlayer voltage of substrate controlling bus, substrate control are determined by the average saturation time of the M photodiode
The underlayer voltage of bus processed is used to adjust the substrate thickness of each photodiode.
The second saturation threshold of all photodiodes is adjusted based on the underlayer voltage by the substrate controlling bus
Value.When adjusting the second saturation threshold value, substrate controlling bus can first pass through the substrate controlling bus control all photosensitive two
Pole pipe empties the charge of each self-absorption；The underlayer voltage is based on by the substrate controlling bus again and adjusts all photosensitive two poles
The substrate thickness of pipe, and then determine the saturation threshold value of all photodiodes.Substrate controlling bus can be based on underlayer voltage
And then change the substrate thickness of photodiode, all substrate thickness of photodiode is made to reach maximum value, make all light
Quick diode empties the charge of each self-absorption.
After the second saturation threshold value of all photodiodes is determined, camera can adapt to current shooting ring
Border, and then shoot next image.And the implementation process for shooting next image is similar with the implementation process of shooting present image,
So it repeats no more.
As a kind of optional embodiment, all respective practical saturations of photodiode are obtained by the reading bus
Time, including：
When each photodiode absorbs charge, judge whether the charge of each photodiode absorption reaches first and satisfy
And threshold value；If so, each respective charge of the control switch based on spilling of photodiode is interfered and is disconnected；Utilize each light
The quick respective mask register of diode records time data when corresponding control switch disconnects, wherein, each photosensitive two pole
Manage the time data that respective control switch disconnects is exactly the respective practical saturation time of each photodiode；Pass through the reading
Bus is taken to read each respective mask register of photodiode, when obtaining the respective practical saturation of each photodiode
Between.
Step 32, the standard saturation time based on photodiode, the normal brightness of photodiode and each photosensitive two
The respective practical saturation time of pole pipe, obtains the respective intrinsic brilliance of each photodiode.
In specific implementation process, formula T is utilized:T=lx:LX is bright to obtain the respective reality of each photodiode
Spend lx；Wherein, T is standard saturation time, and t is the respective practical saturation time of each photodiode, and lx is each photosensitive two
The respective intrinsic brilliance of pole pipe, LX are normal brightness.
Step 33, described image is determined by intrinsic brilliance of the central processing unit based on all photodiodes
Luminance information.
By one or more embodiment of the present invention, the invention has the advantages that advantage：
The invention discloses a kind of acquisition method and image acquiring device of the luminance information of image, when camera starts simultaneously
When shooting present image, the respective practical saturation time of all photodiodes is obtained, is then based on the standard of photodiode
Full, time and the normal brightness of photodiode and the respective practical saturation time of each photodiode obtain each photosensitive
The respective intrinsic brilliance of diode, then the intrinsic brilliance further according to all photodiodes determine present image brightness letter
Breath, since the present invention is to represent that the brightness of image of the pixel is strong using the saturation time length of the photodiode in camera
Weak method, to reduce dark noise proportion shared in pixel obtains charge, because dark noise is more fixed value,
It is more it is photosensitive in the case of, that is, when photodiode saturation, the proportion that dark noise is occupied is also just small, so
Influence of the dark noise to picture quality can be eliminated as far as possible, to obtain clearly image.
Although the preferred embodiment of the application has been described, one of ordinary skilled in the art once knows substantially
Creative concept, then additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments.So appended claims are intended to be construed to wrap
It includes preferred embodiment and falls into all change and modification of the application range.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the application essence of the various modification and variations without departing from the application
God and range.In this way, if these modifications and variations of the application belong to the range of the application claim and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of acquisition method of the luminance information of image, which is characterized in that the method includes：
When camera starts and shoots present image, obtain all photodiodes included in the camera and absorb charge
Reach practical saturation time used during saturation；The charge is that the external environmental light injected when the camera starts is linear
Into charge；
The normal brightness of standard saturation time, photodiode based on photodiode and the respective reality of each photodiode
Border saturation time obtains the respective intrinsic brilliance of each photodiode；
The luminance information of the present image is determined based on the intrinsic brilliance of all photodiodes.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to obtain all photosensitive two poles included in the camera
Pipe absorbs charge and reaches practical saturation time used during saturation, including：
It obtains each photodiode absorption charge and reaches the practical saturation voltage generated during saturation；
The respective practical saturation time of each photodiode is determined based on the practical saturation voltage of each photodiode.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to obtain all photosensitive two poles included in the camera
Pipe absorbs charge and reaches practical saturation time used during saturation, including：
It obtains each photodiode absorption charge and reaches the saturation signal sent out during saturation；
The respective practical saturation time of each photodiode is determined based on the saturation signal of each photodiode.
4. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to obtain all photosensitive two poles included in the camera
Respective practical saturation time is managed, including：
It obtains each photodiode absorption charge and reaches used time during the first saturation threshold value；
The used time is determined as respective reality when each photodiode absorption charge is reached the first saturation threshold value
Saturation time；
Wherein, the first saturation threshold value of each photodiode is the maximum capacity that each photodiode absorbs the charge
Value.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that described to obtain all photosensitive two poles included in the camera
Before pipe absorption charge reaches practical saturation time used during saturation, further include：
The substrate thickness of each photodiode is adjusted, and then determines the first saturation threshold value of each photodiode, wherein,
First saturation threshold value of each photodiode is identical.
6. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the standard saturation time based on photodiode, photosensitive
The normal brightness of diode and the respective practical saturation time of each photodiode, obtain the respective reality of each photodiode
Border brightness, including：
Utilize formula T:T=lx:LX obtains the respective intrinsic brilliance lx of each photodiode；
Wherein, T is standard saturation time, and t is the respective practical saturation time of each photodiode, and lx is each photosensitive two pole
Respective intrinsic brilliance is managed, LX is normal brightness.
7. method as described in claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that included in the acquisition camera all photosensitive
After diode absorption charge reaches practical saturation time used during saturation, including：
When the respective practical saturation of M photodiode is determined from the respective practical saturation time of all photodiodes
Between；
Based on the respective practical saturation time of the M photodiode, the average saturation time of M photodiode is calculated；
It is determined by the average saturation time of the M photodiode electric for adjusting the substrate of the substrate of photodiode
Pressure；
Adjust the second saturation threshold value of all photodiodes based on the underlayer voltage, the second saturation threshold value be
Shoot the maximum capacity that all photodiodes during next image absorb the charge.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that described that the of all photodiodes are adjusted based on the underlayer voltage
Two saturation threshold values, including：
All photodiodes is controlled to empty the charge of each self-absorption；
The substrate thickness of all photodiodes is adjusted based on the underlayer voltage, and then determines the of all photodiodes
Two saturation threshold values.
9. a kind of image acquiring device, which is characterized in that including：Central processing unit and camera；Wherein, it is wrapped in the camera
Multiple photodiodes are contained；
All photodiodes in the camera, for absorbing ambient light when the camera starts and shoots an image
Line enters the charge formed during the camera；
The central processing unit, for when the camera starts and shoots present image, obtaining and being included in the camera
All photodiodes absorb charge reach practical saturation time used during saturation；The charge is opened in the camera
The charge that the external environmental light line injected when dynamic is formed；The mark of standard saturation time, photodiode based on photodiode
Quasi- brightness and the respective practical saturation time of each photodiode, obtain the respective intrinsic brilliance of each photodiode；Base
The luminance information of the present image is determined in the intrinsic brilliance of all photodiodes.
10. image acquiring device as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the central processing unit is additionally operable to：
It obtains each photodiode absorption charge and reaches the practical saturation voltage generated during saturation；
The respective practical saturation time of each photodiode is determined based on the practical saturation voltage of each photodiode.
11. image acquiring device as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the central processing unit is additionally operable to：
It obtains each photodiode absorption charge and reaches the saturation signal sent out during saturation；
The respective practical saturation time of each photodiode is determined based on the saturation signal of each photodiode.
12. image acquiring device as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that described image acquisition device further includes：Clock bus,
Timer；The central processing unit is connected by clock bus with the camera；
In the camera, each photodiode is corresponding with a timer, a control switch, a mask register；Wherein,
Each photodiode is sequentially connected respective control switch and mask register；And the corresponding control switch of timer connection,
For providing the time for respective photodiode in real time；
The bus that reads connects all mask registers；
When the camera starts and shoots an image, the corresponding timer of each photodiode starts timing, and
And each photodiode starts stored charge, after each photodiode stored charge reaches the first saturation threshold value again
When continuing to build up charge, charge overflows, and overflows the voltage that charge generates and the respective control of each photodiode is controlled to open
Shutdown is opened, at this time the time of timer cannot reach the respective mask register of each photodiode, so as to each photosensitive two
The respective mask register of pole pipe is then recorded when corresponding photodiode absorption charge reaches the first saturation threshold value and is used
Time, read the corresponding photodiode preserved in each respective mask register of photodiode by reading bus
It absorbs charge and reaches used time during the first saturation threshold value, wherein, each photodiode absorbs charge and reaches first
The used time is exactly the practical saturation time of each photodiode during saturation threshold value；The first of each photodiode
Saturation threshold value is the maximum capacity that each photodiode absorbs the charge.
13. image acquiring device as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that described image acquisition device further includes：Clock bus,
Read bus；
The central processing unit is connected respectively by clock bus, reading bus with the camera；
In the camera, each photodiode is corresponding with control switch and a mask register；Wherein, it is each photosensitive
Diode is sequentially connected respective control switch and mask register；
The bus that reads connects mask register all in the camera；
The Time BUS connects control switch all in the camera, broadcasts time data via the control switch
To respective mask register；
When the camera starts and shoots an image, each photodiode starts stored charge, when each photosensitive two pole
Pipe stored charge reaches when continuing to build up charge again after the first saturation threshold value, and charge overflows, and overflows charge generation
Voltage controls the respective control switch of each photodiode to disconnect, and the time data broadcasted at this time by the clock bus is not
Each respective mask register of photodiode can be reached, so as to which the respective mask register of each photodiode then records
Corresponding photodiode absorbs charge and reaches used time during the first saturation threshold value, is read each by reading bus
The corresponding photodiode preserved in the respective mask register of photodiode absorbs charge and reaches the first saturation threshold value
When the used time, wherein, each photodiode absorbs charge and reaches during the first saturation threshold value the used time just
It is the practical saturation time of each photodiode；First saturation threshold value of each photodiode is each photodiode
Absorb the maximum capacity of the charge.
14. such as the image acquiring device of claim 13, which is characterized in that described image acquisition device further includes：Substrate controls
Bus connects the substrate of each photodiode；
The substrate controlling bus for adjusting the substrate thickness of each photodiode, and then determines each photodiode
The first saturation threshold value, wherein, the first saturation threshold value of each photodiode is identical.
15. image acquiring device as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the central processing unit, for utilizing formula T:T=
lx:LX obtains the respective intrinsic brilliance lx of each photodiode；Wherein, T is standard saturation time, and t is each photosensitive two
The respective practical saturation time of pole pipe, lx are the respective intrinsic brilliance of each photodiode, and LX is normal brightness.
16. such as the image acquiring device of claim 13, which is characterized in that
The central processing unit is additionally operable to, and M photosensitive two is determined from the respective practical saturation time of all photodiodes
The respective practical saturation time of pole pipe；
The central processing unit is additionally operable to, and based on the respective practical saturation time of the M photodiode, it is a photosensitive to calculate M
The average saturation time of diode；
The central processing unit is additionally operable to, and determines that the substrate controls by the average saturation time of the M photodiode
The underlayer voltage of bus；
The substrate controlling bus is additionally operable to adjust the saturation threshold value of all photodiodes based on the underlayer voltage.
17. such as the image acquiring device of claim 16, which is characterized in that
The substrate controlling bus is additionally operable to the charge that all photodiodes is controlled to empty each self-absorption；
The substrate controlling bus is additionally operable to adjust the substrate thickness of all photodiodes based on the underlayer voltage, and then
Determine the saturation threshold value of all photodiodes.
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Application publication date: 20180629 |