CN108234014B - Satellite resource control method and device - Google Patents
Satellite resource control method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108234014B CN108234014B CN201711395419.1A CN201711395419A CN108234014B CN 108234014 B CN108234014 B CN 108234014B CN 201711395419 A CN201711395419 A CN 201711395419A CN 108234014 B CN108234014 B CN 108234014B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18519—Operations control, administration or maintenance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The disclosure relates to a satellite resource control method and a device, which are used for solving the problem of low utilization rate of resources on a traditional satellite, and the method comprises the following steps: calculating a unit utility value and a power control value of the satellite according to the transmission parameters of the satellite; calculating a utility rate control value of the satellite according to the unit utility value; constructing an optimized objective function of the satellite according to the utility rate control value, the power control value and the pre-estimation factor; and obtaining the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate of the satellite according to the optimization objective function. The method and the device can realize efficient information transmission among the satellite nodes under the condition of limited resources.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of satellite communications, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for controlling satellite resources.
Background
In a low-orbit satellite communication system, due to technical and cost limitations, the on-board loading capacity is much lower than that of ground equipment and networks under the same situation. Therefore, for a low-orbit satellite communication system, a key problem is how to realize dynamic control of antenna transmitting power and information transmission rate, realize reasonable satellite resource allocation and improve the effectiveness of satellite resource utilization of the low-orbit satellite.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present disclosure provides a satellite resource control method and apparatus, so as to solve the problem of low utilization rate of resources on a traditional satellite, where the method includes:
calculating a unit utility value and a power control value of the satellite according to the transmission parameters of the satellite;
calculating a utility rate control value of the satellite according to the unit utility value;
constructing an optimized objective function of the satellite according to the utility rate control value, the power control value and the pre-estimation factor;
and obtaining the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate of the satellite according to the optimization objective function.
In one possible implementation, calculating the unit utility value and the power control value of the satellite according to the transmission parameters of the satellite includes:
acquiring the spectral bandwidth, transmission power, transmission rate and channel characteristics of a satellite;
calculating the transmission signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite according to the frequency spectrum bandwidth, the transmission power, the transmission rate, the channel characteristics and the noise variance;
calculating a unit utility value of the satellite according to the transmission signal-to-noise ratio;
and calculating a power control value of the satellite according to the transmission power.
In one possible implementation, calculating a transmission signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite according to the spectrum bandwidth, the transmission power, the transmission rate, the channel characteristic, and a noise variance includes:
by using
Calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite node transmission, wherein gammai(t) the signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite node i, W the available channel transmission spectrum bandwidth, piTransmission power, r, for transmitting information for the antenna of a satellite node iiTransmission rate, σ, for information transmission of satellite node i2Is the variance of Gaussian noise, hiThe channel parameter of a satellite node i is shown, and t is the time;
calculating a unit utility value of the satellite according to the transmission signal-to-noise ratio, comprising:
by using
Calculating a unit utility value of the satellite, wherein Ui(t) is the unit utility value, γ, of the satellite node ii(t) is the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmission of satellite node i,
representing the minimum transmission signal-to-noise ratio required to be achieved by the satellite node i; the "+" sign indicates that the equation satisfies f (z) ═ b+Max {0, z-b }, i.e., when z-b ≦ 0, then f (z) is 0;
calculating a power control value for the satellite based on the transmission power, comprising:
by using Ei(t)＝[pi(t)]2Calculating a power control value of the satellite, wherein EiAnd (t) is the power control value of the satellite node i.
In one possible implementation, calculating the utility rate control value of the satellite according to the unit utility value includes:
and calculating the utility rate control value of the satellite according to the transmission rate and the unit utility value.
In one possible implementation, calculating a utility rate control value of the satellite according to the transmission rate and the unit utility value includes:
by using Li(t)＝ri(t)Ui(t) calculating a utility rate control value for the satellite, where Li(t) is the utility rate control value, r, of the satellite node iiTransmission rate, U, for information transmission of satellite node iiAnd (t) is a unit utility value of the satellite node i.
In a possible implementation manner, constructing an optimized objective function of the satellite according to the utility rate control value, the power control value, and a pre-estimation factor includes:
by using
Calculating an optimized objective function for the satellite, wherein Ci(ri(t),pi(t)) is ri(t) and pi(t) permutation and combination of values, λ is estimation factor, piTransmission power, r, for transmitting information for the antenna of a satellite node iiTransmission rate for information transmission of satellite node i, Ei(t) is the power control value of the satellite node i, UiAnd (t) is a unit utility value of the satellite node i. The above formula shows that ri(t) and pi(t) arranging and combining the values, substituting different combinations into a formula on the right side of the equal sign, and enabling the optimization objective function to take the maximum value of ri(t) and piAnd (t) value combination.
In a possible implementation manner, obtaining the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate of the satellite according to the optimization objective function includes:
acquiring the accumulated transmission information quantity and the signaling ratio of the satellite;
obtaining an accumulated information quantity dynamic equation of the satellite according to the accumulated transmission information quantity, the transmission rate and the signaling ratio;
and solving the optimization objective function according to the accumulated information quantity dynamic equation to obtain the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate of the satellite.
In a possible implementation manner, obtaining an accumulated information amount dynamic equation of the satellite according to the accumulated information amount transmitted, the transmission rate, and the signaling ratio includes:
by using
Calculating the accumulated amount of transmitted information, where riTransmission rate, g, for information transmission of satellite node iiX (t) is the accumulated transmission information quantity of the satellite node i at the time t;
solving the optimization objective function according to the accumulated information quantity dynamic equation to obtain the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate of the satellite, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
by using
Calculating an optimal transmission power and an optimal transmission rate of the satellite, wherein gammai(t) the signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite node i, W the available channel transmission spectrum bandwidth, piTransmission power, r, for transmitting information for the antenna of a satellite node iiFor defendingThe transmission rate of the information transmission of the satellite node i,
as a function of value, αiAnd βiAs the weight, λ is the estimation factor.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a satellite resource control apparatus including:
the utility power control calculation module is used for calculating a unit utility value and a power control value of the satellite according to the transmission parameters of the satellite;
the utility rate control calculation module is used for calculating a utility rate control value of the satellite according to the unit utility value;
the optimization objective function construction module is used for constructing an optimization objective function of the satellite according to the utility rate control value, the power control value and the pre-estimation factor;
and the transmission power rate acquisition module is used for acquiring the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate of the satellite according to the optimization objective function.
In a possible implementation manner, the utility power control calculation module includes:
the parameter acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the frequency spectrum bandwidth, the transmission power, the transmission rate and the channel characteristics of the satellite;
a transmission signal-to-noise ratio calculation sub-module, configured to calculate a transmission signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite according to the spectrum bandwidth, the transmission power, the transmission rate, the channel characteristic, and a noise variance;
the unit utility value operator module is used for calculating the unit utility value of the satellite according to the transmission signal-to-noise ratio;
and the power control value operator module is used for calculating the power control value of the satellite according to the transmission power.
In a possible implementation manner, the transmission signal-to-noise ratio calculation sub-module includes:
a first transmission signal-to-noise ratio calculation submodule for employing
Calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite node transmission, wherein gammai(t) the signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite node i, W the available channel transmission spectrum bandwidth, piTransmission power, r, for transmitting information for the antenna of a satellite node iiTransmission rate, σ, for information transmission of satellite node i2Is the variance of Gaussian noise, hiThe channel parameter of a satellite node i is shown, and t is the time;
the unit utility value operator module comprises:
a first unit utility value operator module for employing
Calculating a unit utility value of the satellite, wherein Ui(t) is the unit utility value, γ, of the satellite node ii(t) is the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmission of satellite node i,
indicating the minimum transmission signal-to-noise ratio that the satellite node i needs to achieve. The "+" sign indicates that the equation satisfies f (z) ═ b+Max {0, z-b }, i.e., when z-b ≦ 0, then f (z) is 0;
the power control value operator module comprises:
a first power control value operator module for adopting Ei(t)＝[pi(t)]2Calculating a power control value of the satellite, wherein EiAnd (t) is the power control value of the satellite node i.
In one possible implementation, the utility rate control calculation module includes:
and the first utility rate control calculation submodule is used for calculating the utility rate control value of the satellite according to the transmission rate and the unit utility value.
In one possible implementation, the first utility rate control calculation sub-module includes:
a utility rate control calculation unit for employing Li(t)＝ri(t)Ui(t) calculating a utility rate control value for the satellite, where Li(t) is the utility rate control value, r, of the satellite node iiTransmission rate, U, for information transmission of satellite node iiAnd (t) is a unit utility value of the satellite node i.
In one possible implementation manner, the optimization objective function building module includes:
a first optimization objective function construction submodule for employing
Calculating an optimized objective function for the satellite, wherein Ci(ri(t),pi(t)) is ri(t) and pi(t) permutation and combination of values, λ is estimation factor, piTransmission power, r, for transmitting information for the antenna of a satellite node iiTransmission rate for information transmission of satellite node i, Ei(t) is the power control value of the satellite node i, UiAnd (t) is a unit utility value of the satellite node i.
In one possible implementation, the transmission power rate obtaining module includes:
a transmission quantity signaling ratio obtaining submodule for obtaining the accumulated transmission information quantity and the signaling ratio of the satellite;
the information quantity dynamic equation obtaining submodule is used for obtaining an accumulated information quantity dynamic equation of the satellite according to the accumulated transmission information quantity, the transmission rate and the signaling ratio;
and the transmission power rate acquisition submodule is used for solving the optimization objective function according to the accumulated information quantity dynamic equation to obtain the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate of the satellite.
In a possible implementation manner, the information amount dynamic equation obtaining sub-module includes:
an information amount dynamic equation obtaining unit for adopting
Compute cumulative transferAmount of information transmitted, wherein riTransmission rate, g, for information transmission of satellite node iiX (t) is the accumulated transmission information quantity of the satellite node i at the time t;
the transmission power rate acquisition sub-module includes:
a transmission power rate acquisition unit for employing
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a satellite resource control apparatus including:
a processor;
a memory for storing processor-executable instructions;
wherein the processor is configured to: the processor is configured to perform the above-described satellite resource control method.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the method of any of the above satellite resource control methods.
According to the method, the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate are calculated by introducing the unit utility value of the satellite node and the historical information represented by the pre-estimation factor, so that efficient information transmission among the satellite nodes can be realized under the condition of limited resource limitation.
Other features and aspects of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of a method of satellite resource control according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 illustrates a flow diagram of a method of satellite resource control according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a method of satellite resource control according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 illustrates a flow diagram of a method of satellite resource control according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a satellite resource control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a satellite resource control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 shows a block diagram of a satellite resource control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numbers can indicate functionally identical or similar elements. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.
Furthermore, in the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present disclosure. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present disclosure may be practiced without some of these specific details. In some instances, methods, means, elements and circuits that are well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present disclosure.
Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a satellite resource control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
and step S10, calculating the unit utility value and the power control value of the satellite according to the transmission parameters of the satellite.
In one possible implementation, for K ≡ {1,2, …, K } low-orbit satellite nodes, channel parameters used by each satellite node for information transmission are obtained, and the channel parameters include channel transmission power, transmission rate, channel characteristics, and the like. And respectively calculating the unit utility value and the power control value of the node by using the channel parameters. The unit utility value refers to the instantaneous benefit obtained by the satellite node in the information transmission process, namely the throughput of the low-orbit satellite node. The power control value is control of transmission power performed by the satellite node to achieve a set efficiency of transmitting information.
And step S20, calculating the utility rate control value of the satellite according to the unit utility value.
In one possible implementation, the utility rate control value of the satellite node is obtained according to the unit utility value and the information transmission rate of the satellite node. The utility rate control value also takes into account the effect of the utility value of the satellite node on the basis of the rate control value of the satellite node.
And step S30, constructing an optimized objective function of the satellite according to the utility rate control value, the power control value and the pre-estimation factor.
In one possible implementation, the historical information of the satellite nodes is relied on in the process of determining the transmission power and the transmission rate of each satellite node. The influence of the selection of the decision at the current time on the next time is represented by a predictor. The predictor may be an empirical value, typically in the range of 0.1-0.5. And (4) introducing a pre-estimation factor into the optimization objective function, and recording past historical information of the satellite node into the optimization result at the current moment.
And step S40, obtaining the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate of the satellite according to the optimization objective function.
In one possible implementation, any one of the satellite nodes i realizes effective transmission of information between the satellite nodes by controlling its transmission power and information transmission rate. And introducing the historical information and the unit utility value of the satellite node into the calculated optimal transmission power and optimal transmission rate by solving an optimization objective function.
In this embodiment, for K ≡ {1,2, …, K } low-orbit satellite nodes, channel conditions of node information transmission are obtained, a low-orbit satellite information transmission dynamic change equation is constructed, a power control function is designed, transmission power control of the satellite nodes is realized, and a rate control function is designed with a channel signal-to-noise ratio target to realize information transmission rate control of the satellite nodes. And calculating the optimal transmitting power and the optimal transmission rate of each satellite node according to the constructed function, thereby realizing the effective and dynamic control of the satellite resources. By introducing the unit utility value of the satellite node and the historical information represented by the estimation factor, the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate are calculated, and efficient information transmission among the satellite nodes can be realized under the condition of limited resource limitation.
Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a satellite resource control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 2, step S10 in the method includes:
step S11, acquiring the spectrum bandwidth, transmission power, transmission rate and channel characteristics of the satellite.
In one possible implementation, the channel characteristics include characteristics of a transmission channel of the satellite node, such as a gaussian channel.
Step S12, calculating a transmission signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite according to the spectrum bandwidth, the transmission power, the transmission rate, the channel characteristic, and the noise variance.
In one possible implementation, the communication channel between satellite nodes may be considered an interference channel for a low-orbit satellite communication system. The channel interference coefficient between the information source node and the destination node can be obtained by the loss of the transmission path. It is assumed that the gaussian distribution is satisfied during the transmission of information and that the variance of gaussian noise can be represented by σ2To indicate.
In one possible implementation, calculating a transmission signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite according to the spectrum bandwidth, the transmission power, the transmission rate, the channel characteristic, and a noise variance includes:
by using
Calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite node transmission, wherein gammai(t) the signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite node i, W the available channel transmission spectrum bandwidth, piTransmission power, r, for transmitting information for the antenna of a satellite node iiTransmission rate, σ, for information transmission of satellite node i2Is the variance of Gaussian noise, hiIs the channel parameter of the satellite node i, and t is the time.
And step S13, calculating the unit utility value of the satellite according to the transmission signal-to-noise ratio.
In one possible implementation, the minimum signal-to-noise ratio required to be achieved by the satellite is determined according to the transmission signal-to-noise ratio; taking the logarithm of the transmission signal-to-noise ratio to obtain a first logarithm; taking the logarithm of the minimum signal-to-noise ratio to obtain a second logarithm; when the difference value of the first logarithm minus the second logarithm is a positive number, determining the difference value as a unit utility value of the satellite; when the difference is not a positive number, determining a unit utility value of the satellite to be 0.
In one possible implementation, calculating a unit utility value of the satellite according to the transmission signal-to-noise ratio includes:
by using
Calculating a unit utility value of the satellite, wherein Ui(t) is the unit utility value, γ, of the satellite node ii(t) is the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmission of satellite node i,
representing the minimum transmission signal-to-noise ratio required to be achieved by the satellite node i; the "+" sign indicates that the equation satisfies f (z) ═ b+Max {0, z-b }, i.e., when z-b ≦ 0, thenf(z)＝0。
Step S14, calculating a power control value of the satellite according to the transmission power.
In a possible implementation manner, during the transmission process of information, the loss of on-satellite power resources is brought, so the cost of each node can be expressed as the square of the power required by the node to send the information, and E is adoptedi(t)＝[pi(t)]2Calculating a power control value of the satellite, wherein EiAnd (t) is the power control value of the satellite node i.
In this embodiment, after the unit utility value and the power control value are obtained by calculating the unit utility value and the transmission parameter of the satellite node, the unit utility value and the power control value are used to construct an optimization objective function, and the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate of the satellite node are calculated. Due to the fact that the utility value of the satellite node is considered, the information transmission between the satellite nodes can be efficiently achieved under the condition of limited resources.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a satellite resource control method according to an embodiment of the disclosure, and as shown in fig. 3, the step S20 includes:
and step S21, calculating utility rate control value of the satellite according to the transmission rate and the unit utility value.
In one possible implementation, the final gain that can be obtained for a satellite node i at any time t can be defined based on a utility function given per unit transmission rate. In one possible implementation, L is usedi(t)＝ri(t)Ui(t) calculating a utility rate control value for the satellite, where Li(t) is the utility rate control value, r, of the satellite node iiTransmission rate, U, for information transmission of satellite node iiAnd (t) is a unit utility value of the satellite node i.
Based on the above embodiments, in a possible implementation manner, each satellite node needs to maximize the following optimization objective function depending on the dynamic change of the accumulated information amount thereof in order to realize the benefit maximization and the cost control of information transmission:
fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a satellite resource control method according to an embodiment of the disclosure, where, as shown in fig. 4, step S40 includes:
and step S41, acquiring the accumulated transmission information quantity and the signaling ratio of the satellite.
And step S42, obtaining an accumulated information quantity dynamic equation of the satellite according to the accumulated transmitted information quantity, the transmission rate and the signaling ratio.
And step S43, solving the optimization objective function according to the accumulated information quantity dynamic equation to obtain the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate of the satellite.
In a possible implementation manner, in order to describe the dynamic change of the on-satellite resource, a differential equation is introduced to describe the change of the information amount accumulated and transmitted in the information transmission process, let x (t) represent the information amount accumulated and transmitted, and for a satellite node i, the information amount accumulated and transmitted can be described by the following differential equation, that is, an accumulated information amount dynamic equation of the satellite is obtained according to the accumulated information amount transmitted, the transmission rate and the signaling ratio, including:
by using
Calculating the accumulated amount of transmitted information, where riTransmission rate, g, for information transmission of satellite node iiFor the signaling ratio, x (t) is the accumulated transmission information amount of the satellite node i at the time t.
The signaling ratio is the ratio of signaling information transmitted by the satellite to all information transmitted by the satellite. Solving the optimization objective function according to the accumulated information quantity dynamic equation to obtain the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate of the satellite, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
by using
Calculating an optimal transmission power and an optimal transmission rate of the satellite, wherein gammai(t) the signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite node i, W the available channel transmission spectrum bandwidth, piTransmission power, r, for transmitting information for the antenna of a satellite node iiThe transmission rate of the information transmission for the satellite node i,
as a function of value, αiAnd βiAs the weight, λ is the estimation factor.
In this embodiment, by introducing the pre-estimation factor, the historical information of the satellite node is also introduced into the optimization objective function, and the final optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate are included. The embodiment can efficiently realize information transmission between the satellite nodes under the condition of limited resources.
Application example 1:
assume that in a low-orbit satellite communication system, there are K low-orbit satellite nodes, and K satisfies K ≡ {1,2, …, K }. Any one of the satellite nodes i realizes effective transmission of information between the satellite nodes by controlling its transmission power and information transmission rate. For a low-orbit satellite communication system, a communication channel between satellite nodes can be regarded as an interference channel, and a channel interference coefficient between an information source node and a destination node can be obtained through loss of a transmission path. It is assumed that the gaussian distribution is satisfied during the transmission of information and that the variance of gaussian noise can be represented by σ2To indicate that the satellite is in such a low orbitIn the satellite communication system, the signal-to-noise ratio of information transmission of any one satellite node i can be expressed as formula (1),
where W denotes the available channel transmission spectrum bandwidth, piIs the transmission power, r, of the information transmitted by the satellite node i antennaiIs the transmission rate of the satellite node i information transmission. In order to control the transmission power and transmission rate of the satellite node, a unit utility function in the information transmission process is constructed as formula (2),
the unit utility function represents the instantaneous benefit obtained by the satellite node in the information transmission process, namely the throughput of the low-orbit satellite node. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing the minimum transmission signal-to-noise ratio that the satellite node needs to achieve. In the above equation, the equation of "+" sign satisfies f (z) ═ z-b+Max {0, z-b }, i.e., if z-b ≦ 0, then f (z) is 0. Based on the utility function given in unit transmission rate, it can be defined that for the satellite node i, the final gain that it can obtain at any time t is formula (3)
Li(t)＝ri(t)Ui(t) (3)
This equation represents the node rate control function.
In addition, in the transmission process of information, the loss of on-satellite power resources is caused, so the cost of each node can be expressed as the square of the power required by the node to transmit information, namely, formula (4),
Ei(t)＝[pi(t)]2(4)
this equation represents the node power control function.
In order to describe the dynamic change of the satellite resources, a differential equation is introduced to describe the change of the information quantity accumulated and transmitted in the information transmission process, let x (t) represent the information quantity accumulated and transmitted, and for the satellite node i, the differential equation formula (5) can be used to describe the information quantity accumulated and transmitted,
in the low-orbit satellite node power and rate control model, based on the above-mentioned series of assumptions and analysis, each satellite node needs to maximize the following optimization objective function formula (6) depending on the dynamic change of its accumulated information amount in order to realize the benefit maximization of information transmission and cost control,
the predictor lambda is introduced in equation (6) to represent the impact of the decision selection at this time on the next time.
Definitions 1 if there is a set of continuous differential equations V (t, x) satisfying Bellman differential equations described below, it is assumed that there is a set of power and rate control variables as in equation (7)
As the only optimal solution for control equation (6),
to find the optimal solution of the above equation, first order differentiation is performed to obtain
Wherein, Δ ═ hi/σ2. By solving the differential equation given in equation (10), the optimum transmission power and the optimum transmission rate can be obtained as follows,
proposition 1 continuous differential equation set V (t, x) can be expressed as
Wherein { A1(t),A2(t),A3(t),...,AK(t) } satisfies the following form
Ai(t)＝θe(λ+gi)(t-T)(13)
Ai(T)＝θ (14)
And { B1(t),B2(t),B3(t),...,BK(t) } can be obtained from the following equation.
Wherein the function fi(s) can be represented as
The embodiment acquires the channel condition of node information transmission for K ≡ {1,2, …, K } low-orbit satellite nodes. According to the channel parameters, a transmission power control function and a transmission rate control function are designed and realized. And constructing a low-orbit satellite information transmission dynamic change equation, and calculating a feedback Nash equilibrium solution as an optimal resource allocation strategy of each low-orbit satellite node based on the dynamic equation and in combination with a constructed power control function and a constructed rate control function based on channel parameters.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a satellite resource control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 5, the apparatus including:
and the utility power control calculation module 41 is configured to calculate a unit utility value and a power control value of the satellite according to the transmission parameters of the satellite.
And a utility rate control calculation module 42, configured to calculate a utility rate control value of the satellite according to the unit utility value.
And an optimization objective function constructing module 43, configured to construct an optimization objective function of the satellite according to the utility rate control value, the power control value, and the estimation factor.
And a transmission power rate obtaining module 44, configured to obtain an optimal transmission power and an optimal transmission rate of the satellite according to the optimization objective function.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a satellite resource control device according to an embodiment of the disclosure, and as shown in fig. 6, in one possible implementation, the utility power control calculation module 41 includes:
a parameter obtaining sub-module 411, configured to obtain a spectrum bandwidth, a transmission power, a transmission rate, and a channel characteristic of a satellite;
a transmission signal-to-noise ratio calculation sub-module 412, configured to calculate a transmission signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite according to the spectrum bandwidth, the transmission power, the transmission rate, the channel characteristic, and a noise variance;
a unit utility value operator module 413, configured to calculate a unit utility value of the satellite according to the transmission signal-to-noise ratio;
and a power control value operator module 414, configured to calculate a power control value of the satellite according to the transmission power.
In one possible implementation, the transmission signal-to-noise ratio calculation sub-module 412 includes:
a first transmission signal-to-noise ratio calculation submodule for employing
Calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite node transmission, wherein gammai(t) is the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmission of satellite node i, and W is availableOf the channel transmission spectrum bandwidth, piTransmission power, r, for transmitting information for the antenna of a satellite node iiTransmission rate, σ, for information transmission of satellite node i2Is the variance of Gaussian noise, hiThe channel parameter of a satellite node i is shown, and t is the time;
the power control value operator module 414, comprising:
a first power control value calculation operator module 441 for employing Ei(t)＝[pi(t)]2Calculating a power control value of the satellite, wherein EiAnd (t) is the power control value of the satellite node i.
In a possible implementation manner, the unit utility value operator module 413 includes:
a first unit utility value operator module for employing
Calculating a unit utility value of the satellite, wherein Ui(t) is the unit utility value, γ, of the satellite node ii(t) is the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmission of satellite node i,
representing the minimum transmission signal-to-noise ratio required to be achieved by the satellite node i; the "+" sign indicates that the equation satisfies f (z) ═ b+Max {0, z-b }, i.e., when z-b ≦ 0, then f (z) is 0.
In one possible implementation, the utility rate control calculation module 42 includes:
the first utility rate control calculation sub-module 421 is configured to calculate a utility rate control value of the satellite according to the transmission rate and the unit utility value.
In one possible implementation, the first utility rate control calculation submodule 421 includes:
a utility rate control calculation unit for employing Li(t)＝ri(t)Ui(t) calculating a utility rate control value for the satellite, where Li(t) utility rate control for satellite node iValue riTransmission rate, U, for information transmission of satellite node iiAnd (t) is a unit utility value of the satellite node i.
In a possible implementation manner, the optimization objective function constructing module 43 includes:
a first optimization objective function construction submodule 431 for employing
Calculating an optimized objective function of the satellite, wherein lambda is a pre-estimation factor and piTransmission power, r, for transmitting information for the antenna of a satellite node iiTransmission rate for information transmission of satellite node i, Ei(t) is the power control value of the satellite node i, UiAnd (t) is a unit utility value of the satellite node i.
In one possible implementation, the transmission power rate obtaining module 44 includes:
a transmission quantity signaling ratio acquisition submodule 441, configured to acquire an accumulated transmission information quantity and a signaling ratio of the satellite;
an information quantity dynamic equation obtaining sub-module 442, configured to obtain an accumulated information quantity dynamic equation of the satellite according to the accumulated transmission information quantity, the transmission rate, and the signaling ratio;
and the transmission power rate obtaining sub-module 443 is configured to solve the optimization objective function according to the accumulated information amount dynamic equation to obtain an optimal transmission power and an optimal transmission rate of the satellite.
In one possible implementation, the information amount dynamic equation obtaining sub-module 442 includes:
an information amount dynamic equation obtaining unit for adopting
Calculating the accumulated amount of transmitted information, where riTransmission rate, g, for information transmission of satellite node iiX (t) is the accumulated transmission information quantity of the satellite node i at the time t;
the transmission power rate acquisition sub-module 443 includes:
a transmission power rate acquisition unit for employing
Calculating an optimal transmission power and an optimal transmission rate of the satellite, wherein gammai(t) the signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite node i, W the available channel transmission spectrum bandwidth, piTransmission power, r, for transmitting information for the antenna of a satellite node iiThe transmission rate of the information transmission for the satellite node i,
as a function of value, αiAnd βiAs the weight, λ is the estimation factor.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus 1900 for satellite resource control according to an example embodiment. For example, the apparatus 1900 may be provided as a server. Referring to fig. 7, the device 1900 includes a processing component 1922 further including one or more processors and memory resources, represented by memory 1932, for storing instructions, e.g., applications, executable by the processing component 1922. The application programs stored in memory 1932 may include one or more modules that each correspond to a set of instructions. Further, the processing component 1922 is configured to execute instructions to perform the above-described method.
The device 1900 may also include a power component 1926 configured to perform power management of the device 1900, a wired or wireless network interface 1950 configured to connect the device 1900 to a network, and an input/output (I/O) interface 1958. The device 1900 may operate based on an operating system stored in memory 1932, such as Windows Server, MacOS XTM, UnixTM, LinuxTM, FreeBSDTM, or the like.
In an exemplary embodiment, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, such as the memory 1932, is also provided that includes computer program instructions executable by the processing component 1922 of the apparatus 1900 to perform the above-described methods.
The present disclosure may be systems, methods, and/or computer program products. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions embodied thereon for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present disclosure.
The computer readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can hold and store the instructions for use by the instruction execution device. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic memory device, a magnetic memory device, an optical memory device, an electromagnetic memory device, a semiconductor memory device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical coding device, such as punch cards or in-groove projection structures having instructions stored thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. Computer-readable storage media as used herein is not to be construed as transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., optical pulses through a fiber optic cable), or electrical signals transmitted through electrical wires.
The computer-readable program instructions described herein may be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to a respective computing/processing device, or to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and/or a wireless network. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/or edge servers. The network adapter card or network interface in each computing/processing device receives computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in a computer-readable storage medium in the respective computing/processing device.
The computer program instructions for carrying out operations of the present disclosure may be assembler instructions, Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) instructions, machine-related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Smalltalk, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, the electronic circuitry that can execute the computer-readable program instructions implements aspects of the present disclosure by utilizing the state information of the computer-readable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuitry, such as a programmable logic circuit, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or a Programmable Logic Array (PLA).
Various aspects of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-readable program instructions.
These computer-readable program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer-readable program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer, programmable data processing apparatus, and/or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the computer-readable medium storing the instructions comprises an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The computer readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices implement the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terms used herein were chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or technical improvements to the techniques in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (16)
1. A method for controlling satellite resources, the method comprising:
calculating a unit utility value and a power control value of the satellite according to the transmission parameters of the satellite;
calculating a utility rate control value of the satellite according to the unit utility value;
constructing an optimized objective function of the satellite according to the utility rate control value, the power control value and the pre-estimation factor;
obtaining the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate of the satellite according to the optimization objective function
Wherein the calculating the unit utility value and the power control value of the satellite according to the transmission parameters of the satellite comprises:
acquiring the spectral bandwidth, transmission power, transmission rate and channel characteristics of a satellite;
calculating the transmission signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite according to the frequency spectrum bandwidth, the transmission power, the transmission rate, the channel characteristics and the noise variance;
calculating a unit utility value of the satellite according to the transmission signal-to-noise ratio;
and calculating a power control value of the satellite according to the transmission power.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating a transmission signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite based on the spectral bandwidth, the transmission power, the transmission rate, the channel characteristics, and a noise variance comprises:
by using
ComputingSignal-to-noise ratio of transmission of satellite node, whereini(t) the signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite node i, W the available channel transmission spectrum bandwidth, piTransmission power, r, for transmitting information for the antenna of a satellite node iiTransmission rate, σ, for information transmission of satellite node i2Is the variance of Gaussian noise, hiThe channel parameter of a satellite node i is shown, and t is the time;
calculating a unit utility value of the satellite according to the transmission signal-to-noise ratio, comprising:
by using
Calculating a unit utility value of the satellite, wherein Ui(t) is the unit utility value, γ, of the satellite node ii(t) is the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmission of satellite node i,
representing the minimum transmission signal-to-noise ratio required to be achieved by the satellite node i; the "+" sign indicates that the equation satisfies f (z) ═ b+Max {0, z-b }, i.e., when z-b ≦ 0, then f (z) is 0;
calculating a power control value for the satellite based on the transmission power, comprising:
by using Ei(t)＝[pi(t)]2Calculating a power control value of the satellite, wherein EiAnd (t) is the power control value of the satellite node i.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the utility rate control value for the satellite based on the unit utility value comprises:
and calculating the utility rate control value of the satellite according to the transmission rate and the unit utility value.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein calculating a utility rate control value for the satellite based on the transmission rate and the unit utility value comprises:
by using Li(t)＝ri(t)Ui(t) calculating a utility rate control value for the satellite, where Li(t) is the utility rate control value, r, of the satellite node iiTransmission rate, U, for information transmission of satellite node iiAnd (t) is a unit utility value of the satellite node i.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein constructing an optimized objective function for the satellite based on the utility rate control value, the power control value, and a predictor comprises:
by using
Calculating an optimized objective function for the satellite, wherein Ci(ri(t),pi(t)) is ri(t) and pi(t) permutation and combination of values, λ is estimation factor, piTransmission power, r, for transmitting information for the antenna of a satellite node iiTransmission rate for information transmission of satellite node i, Ei(t) is the power control value of the satellite node i, UiAnd (t) is a unit utility value of the satellite node i.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate of the satellite according to the optimization objective function comprises:
acquiring the accumulated transmission information quantity and the signaling ratio of the satellite;
obtaining an accumulated information quantity dynamic equation of the satellite according to the accumulated transmission information quantity, the transmission rate and the signaling ratio;
and solving the optimization objective function according to the accumulated information quantity dynamic equation to obtain the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate of the satellite.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein obtaining an accumulated information amount dynamic equation of the satellite according to the accumulated information amount transmitted, the transmission rate and the signaling ratio comprises:
by using
Calculating the accumulated amount of transmitted information, where riTransmission rate, g, for information transmission of satellite node iiX (t) is the accumulated transmission information quantity of the satellite node i at the time t;
solving the optimization objective function according to the accumulated information quantity dynamic equation to obtain the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate of the satellite, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
by using
Calculating an optimal transmission power and an optimal transmission rate of the satellite, wherein gammai(t) the signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite node i, W the available channel transmission spectrum bandwidth, piTransmission power, r, for transmitting information for the antenna of a satellite node iiThe transmission rate of the information transmission for the satellite node i,
as a function of value, αiAnd βiAs the weight, λ is the estimation factor.
8. A satellite resource control apparatus, comprising:
the utility power control calculation module is used for calculating a unit utility value and a power control value of the satellite according to the transmission parameters of the satellite;
the utility rate control calculation module is used for calculating a utility rate control value of the satellite according to the unit utility value;
the optimization objective function construction module is used for constructing an optimization objective function of the satellite according to the utility rate control value, the power control value and the pre-estimation factor;
a transmission power rate obtaining module, configured to obtain an optimal transmission power and an optimal transmission rate of the satellite according to the optimization objective function;
wherein, the utility power control calculation module comprises: the parameter acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the frequency spectrum bandwidth, the transmission power, the transmission rate and the channel characteristics of the satellite;
a transmission signal-to-noise ratio calculation sub-module, configured to calculate a transmission signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite according to the spectrum bandwidth, the transmission power, the transmission rate, the channel characteristic, and a noise variance;
the unit utility value operator module is used for calculating the unit utility value of the satellite according to the transmission signal-to-noise ratio;
and the power control value operator module is used for calculating the power control value of the satellite according to the transmission power.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the transmission signal-to-noise ratio calculation sub-module comprises:
a first transmission signal-to-noise ratio calculation submodule for employing
Calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite node transmission, wherein gammai(t) the signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite node i, W the available channel transmission spectrum bandwidth, piTransmission power, r, for transmitting information for the antenna of a satellite node iiTransmission rate, σ, for information transmission of satellite node i2Is the variance of Gaussian noise, hiThe channel parameter of a satellite node i is shown, and t is the time;
the unit utility value operator module comprises:
an operator module for employing the unit utility value
Calculating a unit utility value of the satellite, wherein Ui(t) is the unit utility value, γ, of the satellite node ii(t) is the transmission signal of the satellite node iThe ratio of the noise to the noise is,
representing the minimum transmission signal-to-noise ratio required to be achieved by the satellite node i; the "+" sign indicates that the equation satisfies f (z) ═ b+Max {0, z-b }, i.e., when z-b ≦ 0, then f (z) is 0;
the power control value operator module comprises:
a first power control value operator module for adopting Ei(t)＝[pi(t)]2Calculating a power control value of the satellite, wherein EiAnd (t) is the power control value of the satellite node i.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the utility rate control calculation module comprises:
and the first utility rate control calculation submodule is used for calculating the utility rate control value of the satellite according to the transmission rate and the unit utility value.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the first utility rate control calculation sub-module comprises:
a utility rate control calculation unit for employing Li(t)＝ri(t)Ui(t) calculating a utility rate control value for the satellite, where Li(t) is the utility rate control value, r, of the satellite node iiTransmission rate, U, for information transmission of satellite node iiAnd (t) is a unit utility value of the satellite node i.
12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the optimization objective function building module comprises:
a first optimization objective function construction submodule for employing
Calculating an optimized objective function for the satellite, wherein Ci(ri(t),pi(t)) is ri(t) and pi(t) permutation and combination of values, λ is estimation factor, piTransmission power, r, for transmitting information for the antenna of a satellite node iiTransmission rate for information transmission of satellite node i, Ei(t) is the power control value of the satellite node i, UiAnd (t) is a unit utility value of the satellite node i.
13. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the transmission power rate obtaining module comprises:
a transmission quantity signaling ratio obtaining submodule for obtaining the accumulated transmission information quantity and the signaling ratio of the satellite;
the information quantity dynamic equation obtaining submodule is used for obtaining an accumulated information quantity dynamic equation of the satellite according to the accumulated transmission information quantity, the transmission rate and the signaling ratio;
and the transmission power rate acquisition submodule is used for solving the optimization objective function according to the accumulated information quantity dynamic equation to obtain the optimal transmission power and the optimal transmission rate of the satellite.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the information content dynamic equation obtaining sub-module comprises:
an information amount dynamic equation obtaining unit for adopting
Calculating the accumulated amount of transmitted information, where riTransmission rate, g, for information transmission of satellite node iiX (t) is the accumulated transmission information quantity of the satellite node i at the time t;
the transmission power rate acquisition sub-module includes:
a transmission power rate acquisition unit for employing
Calculating an optimal transmission power and an optimal transmission rate of the satellite, wherein gammai(t) the signal-to-noise ratio of the satellite node i, W the available channel transmission spectrum bandwidth, piTransmission power, r, for transmitting information for the antenna of a satellite node iiThe transmission rate of the information transmission for the satellite node i,
as a function of value, αiAnd βiAs the weight, λ is the estimation factor.
15. A satellite resource control apparatus, comprising:
a processor;
a memory for storing processor-executable instructions;
wherein the processor is configured to: the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 are performed.
16. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, wherein the computer program instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the method of any of claims 1 to 7.
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