CN108233658A

CN108233658A - The control method of motor and motor with fixed rotor field winding

Info

Publication number: CN108233658A
Application number: CN201711028550.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨明
Original assignee: Foshan China Micro Electric Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Foshan China Micro Electric Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-10-30
Filing date: 2017-10-30
Publication date: 2018-06-29

Abstract

Motor with fixed rotor field winding, phase structure include：The rotor magnetic core 2215 designed along 22193 split of dotted line, have among magnetic core " fixed rotor field winding " 2218 by slot, slot is " outer groove " for the circumferencial direction with rotor axial, being radially respectively perpendicular, slot both sides are uniformly distributed rotor magnetic pole (such as 2213,2216), there are gaps, 2218 housing of winding between slot and winding 2218 to be anchored on by fixed pin 2219 on stator；The stator core 2214 designed along 22191 split of dotted line is the magnetic core with circumferential " inner groove ", circumferential stator winding 2212 is set in slot, magnetic pole of the stator (such as 2217) is uniformly divided in slot both sides, stator and rotor number of magnet poles is equal and interpolar there are gap (such as 2211)；Electronic control system control Stator and Rotor Windings electric current operates motor；Advantage is that brushless rotor flux density is high, torque is big, rotating speed is high, power density is big.

Description

The control method of motor and motor with fixed rotor field winding

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of motors, are related to the controlling party of the motor and motor with fixed rotor field winding Method.

Background technology

Motor is widely used in the various aspects of industrial and agricultural production and social life, and the rotor of general rotary-type motor is divided into Cage rotor, permanent magnet rotor, excitation type rotor, switched reluctance machines salient pole type rotor etc..

The motor of cage rotor is alternating current generator, and volume is larger, power density and detent torque are relatively low.

The motor of permanent magnet rotor makes motor have that power density is big, torque is big etc. excellent since rotor flux density is higher Point, but its structure is complex, on rotor mosaic magnet the process is more complicated, cost is higher and permanent magnet it is shockproof, resistance to from Performance in terms of mental and physical efforts, heatproof is more limited to, and is limited in terms of the running speed and service condition that make motor.

Switched reluctance machines be using the rotor magnetic core of the salient-pole structure of no Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, without Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection on rotor, There is no permanent magnet, therefore be resistant to higher temperature and rotating speed, anti-overload ability and relatively imitate relatively by force, to battery loss, using model It encloses wider, there is unique advantage, but since rotor field is excited completely by magnetic pole of the stator, the flux density of rotor is limited, and is risen It is relatively low to walk torque, and easily generates magnetic force microseismic noise, more complicated Stator energization current is needed to control.

The motor of excitation type rotor can overcome certain defects of permanent-magnetic electric machine, but the rotor of existing excitation type motor Around positioned at due to being rotated together on rotor with rotor, rotor field winding (or being rotor field winding) needs carbon brush and the external world Circuit is connected, and reduces motor reliability, increases maintenance cost；The side that the excitation energy is provided is coupled according to high-frequency rotating Formula then need to add complicated RF coupling receiving coil and transmitting coil and rf modulation circuit, such circuit are more multiple again Miscellaneous, circuit transformation efficiency and limited reliability, cost are higher, and easily generate more electromagnetic interference.

To sum up the deficiencies in the prior art, there is an urgent need for research and development with higher torque, particularly to have higher breakaway torque, compared with Gao Gong Rate density, compared with low starting current, heatproof liter, high rotating speed, can adapt to wide range rotating speed and torque variation motor.

Chinese patent application 201610972658.8 discloses the power motor with circumferential winding, in the invention of this application Mention that " stator, rotor, the support component and electronic control system form excitatory motor, and the rotor includes in appearance The rotor magnetic pole made of soft magnetic materials, the rotor further include rotor windings, in the excitation current of the rotor windings The magnetic field of the lower activation rotor magnetic pole of effect " and mention that " right figure is rotor structure schematic diagram, rotor in embodiment 15 Centre has the circumferential winding that outer groove 353 is used to embed rotor, and the both sides of slot are evenly distributed with rotor made of soft magnetic materials Magnetic pole such as 615 and 618 is pole pitch such as 617 between magnetic pole, and the outer diameter of general circumferential winding is without departing from 617 bottom 616 of pole pitch The diameter of place circumference；The number of magnet poles of circumferential winding both sides is equal and axially aligns composition rotor magnetic pole pair one by one, works as rotor Circumferential winding make rotor magnetic pole clear for magnetic two different polarity on rotor axial when being powered；Make rotor 614 with determining Son 609 is concentric to be assembled into motor, in this way, when the circumferential winding among the rotor exterior ring slot is powered, passes through magnetic pole of the stator Magneticaction driving motor armature spindle 614 pair between rotor magnetic pole pair rotates or armature spindle 614 receives exterior power rotation When circumferential winding is made to generate induced electromotive force by changes of magnetic field between rotor and stator, which obtains to be excitatory , remaining operation principle is similar with aforementioned magneto, and which is not described herein again.Brush side has may be used in the circumferential winding of rotor Formula connects external excitation power supply or using excitatory energy outside brushless induction acquisition, as suitable requirement is lower using radio frequency The technological means such as coupling ", although referring to " the circumferential winding " used in rotor, its be using have on rotor brush connection mode or Person uses " technological means such as RF coupling ", and failing to provide in its whole technical solution and specific embodiment " has and fix The motor of formula rotor field winding and the control method of motor ", the technical solution of the application is substantially to patent application The further invention of the excitatory motor of the third aspect in 201610972658.8 is further creatively to carry on its basis Go out the new technical solution of " there is the motor of fixed rotor field winding and the control method of motor ", be that there is unique skill Art advantage and advantageous effect.

Invention content

To achieve these goals, the present invention provides the controls of motor and motor with fixed rotor field winding Method, it is intended to solve above-mentioned technical problem at least one of technical problem.

According to the technological invention thinking of the present invention, inventor is creatively designed with ring shaped slot between rotor magnetic pole and " divides Body formula structure ", " split type " are for the ease of installing rotor windings；The circumferential winding of circumferencial direction coiling can be accommodated in slot, The circumferential direction winding is rotor field winding, and there are air gap between the winding and cell wall and slot bottom, winding not with cell wall and slot Bottom contacts, and the circumferential winding as rotor field winding is not involved in the rotation of rotor, and is fixed on stator or electric machine casing, makes Rotor magnetic pole can improve rotor flux density under the fixed state of magnetic field winding with rotating excitation, make motor become have compared with High torque (HT), higher power density, higher breakaway torque, relatively low starting current, tolerable higher temperatures liter, can adapt to it is larger Range rotating speed and the motor of torque variation.

Technical solution provided by the present invention is：

According to the present invention in a first aspect, providing a kind of motor with fixed rotor field winding, including stator, turn The support member and electronic control system of son, rotor field winding, the stator and rotor, are characterized in that,

The stator include stator core and stator winding, the stator core for outer stator type exciting type stator core/ Or it is internal stator type exciting type stator core/or is side stator exciting type stator core have on the stator core circumference Multiple magnetic pole of the stator；

When the motor stator magnetic core is outer stator type stator core or is internal stator type stator core, the stator magnet Pole is uniformly distributed on two parallel circumference respectively, and centralized stator winding or each two are being wound on each magnetic pole of the stator just To magnetic pole of the stator between yoke portion be wound with centralized stator winding；

When the motor stator magnetic core is side stator stator core, the magnetic pole of the stator is respectively in two concentric circumferences On be uniformly distributed, the yoke portion being wound on each magnetic pole of the stator between centralized stator winding or each two magnetic pole of the stator is wound with collection Chinese style stator winding；

The rotor includes rotor magnetic core, has what is opened along the rotor magnetic core circumferencial direction on the rotor magnetic core Slot, the trend of the slot are the circumferencial directions being axially and radially respectively perpendicular with the rotor, when with the rotor engagement When motor stator magnetic core is outer stator type stator core or is internal stator type stator core, the notch two of the slot of the rotor magnetic core Parallel two circumference of the side circumference where with the magnetic pole of the stator is corresponding, and the notch both sides even circumferential of the slot is distributed with Rotor magnetic pole, there are air gaps between the rotor magnetic pole and the magnetic pole of the stator；When the motor stator magnetic with the rotor engagement When core is side stator stator core, notch both sides circumference and two where the magnetic pole of the stator of the slot of the rotor magnetic core Concentric circumferences are corresponding, and rotor magnetic pole, the rotor magnetic pole and the stator is distributed in the notch both sides even circumferential of the slot There are air gaps between magnetic pole；

The rotor field winding is mutually fixed with the motor stator or with the housing position of motor, forms fixed rotor Magnetic field winding, the slot that the rotor magnetic core circumferencial direction is opened for accommodating the rotor field winding, the rotor field around Circumferential winding of the group for the round loop construction concentric with the rotor of single line coiling or parallel winding of multiple coils, the rotor field around Group effective working circumference stretch into the slot between the rotor magnetic pole, and between the rotor field winding and the slot there are Air gap, contactless friction between the rotor and fixed rotor field winding when rotating the rotor；

Under being controlled in the electronic control system,

The stator core is made to be magnetized during the stator winding electrifying, the rotor field winding makes described turn when being powered Sub- magnetic core is magnetized, and the notch both sides circumference of the slot is geomagnetic into synonyms pole and passes through the rotor magnetic pole guiding magnetic field, With the magnetic field interaction of the magnetic pole of the stator generated on the rotor magnetic pole electromagnetic torque drive rotor rotation or

For the stator winding being made to generate induced electromotive force by the variation in magnetic field when the rotor is rotated.

Second aspect according to the present invention provides a kind of motor with fixed rotor field winding, including stator, turns The support member and electronic control system of son, rotor field winding, the stator and rotor, are characterized in that,

The stator include stator core and stator winding, the stator core for outer stator type exciting type stator core/ Or it is internal stator type exciting type stator core/or is side stator exciting type stator core have on the stator core circumference Multiple magnetic pole of the stator, have the slot opened along the stator core circumferencial direction on the stator core, and the trend of the slot is With the circumferencial direction being axially and radially respectively perpendicular of the rotor, stator magnet is distributed in the notch both sides even circumferential of the slot Pole, when the motor stator magnetic core is outer stator type stator core or is internal stator type stator core, the magnetic pole of the stator exists It is uniformly distributed on two parallel circumference, when the motor stator magnetic core is side stator stator core, the magnetic pole of the stator Be uniformly distributed in two concentric circumferences, the slot for placing the stator winding, the stator winding for single line coiling or The circumferential winding of the round loop construction of parallel winding of multiple coils；

The rotor includes rotor magnetic core, has what is opened along the rotor magnetic core circumferencial direction on the rotor magnetic core Slot, the trend of the slot are the circumferencial directions being axially and radially respectively perpendicular with the rotor, when with the rotor engagement When motor stator magnetic core is outer stator type stator core or is internal stator type stator core, the notch two of the slot of the rotor magnetic core Parallel two circumference of the side circumference where with the magnetic pole of the stator is corresponding, and the notch both sides even circumferential of the slot is distributed with Rotor magnetic pole, the rotor magnetic pole is equal with the magnetic pole of the stator number, is stayed between the rotor magnetic pole and the magnetic pole of the stator There is air gap；When being side stator stator core with the motor stator magnetic core of the rotor engagement, the slot of the rotor magnetic core Notch both sides circumference is corresponding with two concentric circumferences where the magnetic pole of the stator, the notch both sides even circumferential point of the slot Be furnished with rotor magnetic pole, the rotor magnetic pole is equal with the magnetic pole of the stator number, the rotor magnetic pole and the magnetic pole of the stator it Between there are air gaps；

Under being controlled in the electronic control system,

The stator core is made to be magnetized during the stator winding electrifying, the notch both sides circumference quilt of the stator core slot It is magnetized to synonyms pole and passes through the magnetic pole of the stator guiding magnetic field；The rotor field winding makes the rotor magnetic core when being powered It is magnetized, the notch both sides circumference of the rotor magnetic core slot is geomagnetic into synonyms pole and passes through the rotor magnetic pole guiding magnetic , electromagnetic torque is generated on the rotor magnetic pole with the magnetic field interaction of the magnetic pole of the stator, the rotor is driven to rotate, Or

The third aspect according to the present invention provides a kind of motor with fixed rotor field winding, including stator, turns The support member and electronic control system of son, rotor field winding, the stator and rotor, are characterized in that,

The stator includes stator core, and the stator core is outer stator type permanent-magnet type stator core/or is inner stator Formula permanent-magnet type stator core/is side stator permanent-magnet type stator core, has multiple permanent magnetism materials on the stator core circumference Magnetic pole of the stator made of material；

When the motor stator magnetic core is outer stator type stator core or is internal stator type stator core, the stator magnet Pole is uniformly distributed on two parallel circumference；

When the motor stator magnetic core is side stator stator core, the magnetic pole of the stator is equal in two concentric circumferences Even distribution；

Under being controlled in the electronic control system,

The rotor field winding makes the rotor magnetic core be magnetized when being powered, and the notch both sides circumference of the slot is magnetized For synonyms pole and pass through the rotor magnetic pole guiding magnetic field, the magnetic field interaction with the magnetic pole of the stator is in the rotor magnetic Extremely it is upper generate electromagnetic torque drive the rotor rotation or

For the fixed rotor field winding being made to generate induced electricity by the variation in magnetic field when the rotor is rotated Kinetic potential.

Further, according to the motor with fixed rotor field winding described in above-mentioned second aspect, the present invention is also Provide a kind of motor with fixed rotor field winding, be characterized in that, the stator winding of the motor and turn Sub- magnetic field winding is integrated,

When the motor stator magnetic core is outer stator type stator core or is internal stator type stator core, the stator around Group and rotor field winding are concentric-ring pattern integral structure, and the stator winding is stretched into the slot of the stator core, described Rotor windings are stretched into the slot of the rotor magnetic core；

When the motor stator magnetic core is side stator stator core, the stator winding and rotor field winding are flat Row round type integral structure, the stator winding are stretched into the slot of the stator core, and the rotor windings stretch into the rotor In the slot of magnetic core.

Further, the present invention also provides a kind of motor with fixed rotor field winding, special character exists In, the rotor field winding and the stator winding merge into same winding or the rotor field winding and the stator around Group merges into the winding with tap.

Further, the present invention also provides a kind of motor with fixed rotor field winding, special character exists In the motor is the polyphase machine of axial phase.

Further, the present invention also provides a kind of motor with fixed rotor field winding, special character exists In the rotor field winding of the motor is two or more circumferential windings, in different rotor field windings The rotor magnetic pole is made to generate the magnetic field of opposed polarity or the magnetic of varying strength when connecting different directions or different size of electric current .

Fourth aspect according to the present invention provides a kind of control method of motor, applied to fixed rotor magnetic The polyphase machine of field winding, is characterized in that,

Control when motor for when generating driving force, being commutated using the electric current between the stator winding of out of phase in due course Method,

Make the magnetic pole of the stator pair of a certain phase when a certain phase stator winding connects the exciting current of first direction Rotor magnetic pole generates magnetic pull, and the stator winding of other phases makes other phases when connecting the exciting current of second direction Magnetic pole of the stator generates rotor magnetic pole magnetic thrust, i.e., the exciting current of described first direction is with corresponding magnetic pole of the stator to rotor magnetic Pole generation magnetic pull is corresponding, and the exciting current of the second direction generates magnetic thrust with corresponding magnetic pole of the stator to rotor magnetic pole It is corresponding, make magnetic pull and the effective Downward addition of magnetic thrust that out of phase magnetic pole of the stator generates on rotor magnetic pole, become with joint efforts In with driving force direction it is consistent, for pass through improve magnetic pole magnetic flux density increase motor output driving torque and power；

When a certain phase stator winding connects the exciting current of third direction：Make the magnetic pole of the stator pair of a certain phase Rotor magnetic pole generates magnetic thrust, and the stator winding of other phases makes other phases when connecting the exciting current of fourth direction Magnetic pole of the stator generates rotor magnetic pole magnetic pull, i.e., the exciting current of described third direction is with corresponding magnetic pole of the stator to rotor magnetic Pole generation magnetic thrust is corresponding, and the exciting current of the fourth direction generates magnetic pull with corresponding magnetic pole of the stator to rotor magnetic pole It is corresponding, magnetic pull that out of phase magnetic pole of the stator generates on rotor magnetic pole and magnetic thrust is made effectively to be superimposed in the same direction, is become with joint efforts In with braking force direction it is consistent, for increasing the drag torque of motor.

The 5th aspect according to the present invention, provides a kind of control method of motor, applied to fixed rotor magnetic The motor of field winding, is characterized in that,

When motor for generate driving force when, using the rotor when in different phase angle ranges to institute The exciting current for stating rotor field winding carries out commutation opportunity control, described in when the rotor is in first phase angular range Rotor field winding, which passes to first direction exciting current, to be made to generate magnetic pull between the rotor magnetic pole and the magnetic pole of the stator, when The rotor when being in second phase angular range the rotor field winding pass to second direction exciting current and make the rotor Magnetic thrust is generated between magnetic pole and the magnetic pole of the stator, makes the rotor when in different phase angle ranges and stator magnet The magnetic pull and the effective Downward addition of magnetic thrust generated between pole tends to be consistent with driving force direction, is improved for passing through with joint efforts The driving torque and power of the magnetic flux density increase motor output of magnetic pole；

When motor for generate brake force when, using the rotor when in different phase angle ranges to institute The exciting current for stating rotor field winding carries out commutation opportunity control, described in when the rotor is in first phase angular range Rotor field winding, which passes to second direction exciting current, to be made to generate magnetic thrust between the rotor magnetic pole and the magnetic pole of the stator, when The rotor when being in second phase angular range the rotor field winding pass to first direction exciting current and make the rotor Magnetic pull is generated between magnetic pole and the magnetic pole of the stator, makes the rotor when in different phase angle ranges and stator magnet The magnetic thrust and magnetic pull generated between pole is effectively superimposed in the same direction, tends to be consistent with braking force direction with joint efforts, for increasing motor Drag torque.

The invention has the advantages that being designed with the structure of ring shaped slot between rotor magnetic pole, circumference can be accommodated in slot The circumferential winding of direction coiling, and there are air gaps, winding between the winding and cell wall and slot bottom not to be contacted with cell wall, circumferential winding It is fixed on stator or electric machine casing, makes rotor magnetic pole that can be improved under the fixed state of magnetic field winding with rotating excitation Rotor flux density；For the motor without permanent magnetism magnetic pole on rotor, high speed rotation can be realized, that is, there is former switch reluctance machine rotor The advantages of, and rotor field is enhanced than former switched reluctance machines, power of motor density is improved, increases torque, is improved Electrical motor gearshift response；More suitable for current New energy electric vehicle to high power density, high breakaway torque, big speed change model It encloses, the requirement of the operating conditions such as hot operation environment, vibration resistance.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the fixed rotor axis of winding diagrammatic cross-section of embodiment of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the fixed rotor windings of embodiment of the present invention and the side cross-sectional view of rotor

Fig. 3 is the axial section structure diagram of the internal rotor of embodiment of the present invention and the stereogram of rotor

Fig. 4 is embodiment of the present invention with the outer stator type motor side that multiple centralized stator winding are distributed on circumference Cross-sectional view

Fig. 5 is embodiment of the present invention with the outer stator type motor that multiple centralized stator winding are distributed on circumference One stator core and its centralized stator winding structure schematic diagram

Fig. 6 is the fixed rotor windings dimensional structure diagram of embodiment of the present invention

Fig. 7 is embodiment of the present invention with the outer stator type motor shaft that multiple centralized stator winding are distributed on circumference To cross-sectional view

Fig. 8 is embodiment of the present invention with the outer stator type motor shaft that multiple centralized stator winding are distributed on circumference To cross-sectional view

Fig. 9 is the outer stator type motor shaft with distribution multiphase centralization stator winding on circumference of embodiment of the present invention To cross-sectional view.

Figure 10 is the lateral cross-sectional view of motor shown in embodiment of the present invention Figure 10

Figure 11 is monomer stator core and its winding schematic diagram

Figure 12 is the internal stator type motor side cross-section structure for having in embodiment of the present invention multiple centralized stator winding Schematic diagram

Figure 13 is that the fixed rotor field winding construction of internal stator type motor shown in Figure 12 in embodiment of the present invention shows It is intended to

Figure 14 is the axial section structure diagram of internal stator type motor shown in Figure 12 in embodiment of the present invention

Figure 15 is the side stator motor side cross-section structure for having in embodiment of the present invention multiple centralized stator winding Schematic diagram

Figure 16 is motor stator axial cross-sectional views shown in Figure 15 in embodiment of the present invention

Figure 17 is motor stator axial cross-sectional views shown in middle Figure 15 in embodiment of the present invention

Figure 18 is that a kind of electric machine structure obtained according to published patent application (application number 201610972658.8) shows It is intended to

Figure 19 is that the external stator that embodiment of the present invention provides has fixed rotor field winding using circumferential winding Electric machine structure schematic diagram

Figure 20, Figure 21 are that the external stator that embodiment of the present invention provides has fixed rotor field using circumferential winding Winding, stator core, the electric machine structure schematic diagram that rotor magnetic core is split structure

Figure 22 be the circumferential winding that uses of external stator that embodiment of the present invention provides and fixed rotor field winding for The motor side cross-sectional view of integral structure

Figure 23 is the fixed rotor field winding use of the stator circumferential direction winding that embodiment of the present invention provides and rotor Integrated shell structure, and the motor schematic diagram of the unification of two windings or the integrated winding construction with tap

Figure 24 be the circumferential winding that uses of side stator that embodiment of the present invention provides and fixed rotor field winding for The motor side cross-sectional view of same housing structure

Figure 25 is the fixed rotor field winding use of the stator circumferential direction winding that embodiment of the present invention provides and rotor Integrated shell structure or with tap integrated winding construction motor schematic diagram

Figure 26 is that the inner stator that embodiment of the present invention provides has fixed rotor field winding using circumferential winding Motor stator and rotor sructure schematic diagram

Figure 27 is the outer stator type permanent magnetism magnetic pole that embodiment of the present invention provides with fixed rotor field winding Motor stator structure schematic diagram

Figure 28 is the outer stator type permanent magnetism magnetic pole that embodiment of the present invention provides with fixed rotor field winding Motor rotor construction schematic diagram

Figure 29 is the motor of the fixed rotor field winding for the outer stator type permanent magnetism magnetic pole that embodiment of the present invention provides Rotor winding structure schematic diagram

Figure 30 is that the three-phase for belonging to first aspect present invention has the outer fixed of multiple centralized stator winding is distributed on circumference The axial cross-sectional views of minor motor

Figure 31 is to belong to outer stator type motor side section of the three-phase of second aspect of the present invention with circumferential stator winding to show It is intended to

Specific embodiment

According to the technological invention thinking of the present invention, inventor designs between the rotor magnetic pole creatively on rotor magnetic core There is ring-like slot structure, the circumferential winding of circumferencial direction coiling can be accommodated in slot, which is rotor field winding, and There are gaps, winding between the winding and cell wall and slot bottom not to contact with cell wall and slot bottom, the circumferential direction as rotor field winding Winding is not involved in the rotation of rotor, and is fixed on stator or electric machine casing, makes rotor in its fixed state of magnetic field winding Lower realization rotating excitation, improves rotor flux density, and motor is made to become with higher torque, higher power density, higher starting Torque, relatively low starting current, tolerable higher temperatures liter, the motor that can adapt to the wide range fluctuation of speed and torque variation.

This kind of fixed rotor field winding can be applied in the motor of various structures, such as excitatory motor, Permanent Magnet and Electric Machine；It can also be applied to the motor that motor, stator with multiple centralized stator winding in stator circumference use circumferential winding It waits in motors.

In a first aspect, embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of motor with fixed rotor field winding, including fixed Son, rotor, rotor field winding, stator and rotor support member and electronic control system, technical characterstic is：

Stator includes stator core and stator winding, and stator core is outer stator type exciting type stator core/or is default Minor exciting type stator core/is side stator exciting type stator core, has multiple magnetic pole of the stator on stator core circumference；

When motor stator magnetic core is outer stator type stator core or is internal stator type stator core, magnetic pole of the stator exists respectively It is uniformly distributed on two parallel circumference, centralized stator winding or the stator of each two face is wound on each magnetic pole of the stator Yoke portion between magnetic pole is wound with centralized stator winding；

When motor stator magnetic core is side stator stator core, magnetic pole of the stator uniformly divides in two concentric circumferences respectively Cloth, the yoke portion being wound between centralized stator winding or each two magnetic pole of the stator on each magnetic pole of the stator are wound with centralized stator Winding；

Rotor includes rotor magnetic core, has the slot opened along rotor magnetic core circumferencial direction on rotor magnetic core, the trend of slot is With the circumferencial direction being axially and radially respectively perpendicular of rotor, when with the motor stator magnetic core of rotor engagement be outer stator type stator Magnetic core or during for internal stator type stator core, the notch both sides circumference of the slot of rotor magnetic core it is parallel with where magnetic pole of the stator two A circumference is corresponding, and rotor magnetic pole is distributed in the notch both sides even circumferential of slot, and there are gas between rotor magnetic pole and magnetic pole of the stator Gap；When being side stator stator core with the motor stator magnetic core of rotor engagement, the notch both sides circumference of the slot of rotor magnetic core Corresponding with two concentric circumferences where magnetic pole of the stator, rotor magnetic pole, rotor magnetic is distributed in the notch both sides even circumferential of slot There are air gaps between pole and magnetic pole of the stator；

Rotor field winding is mutually fixed with motor stator or with the housing position of motor, form fixed rotor field around Group, for the slot that rotor magnetic core circumferencial direction is opened for accommodating rotor field winding, rotor field winding is single line coiling or multi-thread And around the round loop construction concentric with rotor circumferential winding, effective working circumference of rotor field winding stretches into rotor magnetic In slot between pole, and there are air gap between rotor field winding and slot, rotor and fixed rotor field when rotating rotor Contactless friction between winding；

Under being controlled in electronic control system,

Stator core is made to be magnetized during stator winding electrifying, rotor field winding makes rotor magnetic core be magnetized when being powered, slot Notch both sides circumference be geomagnetic into synonyms pole and by rotor magnetic pole guide magnetic field, the magnetic field interaction with magnetic pole of the stator On rotor magnetic pole generate electromagnetic torque driving rotor rotation or

Stator winding is made to generate induced electromotive force for the variation when rotor is rotated by magnetic field.

Embodiment 1

As shown in Figure 1：It is the fixed rotor axis of winding diagrammatic cross-section of embodiment of the present invention

Rotor windings include the windings section that holder part and the conducting wire by carrying coat of paint are coiled into made of insulating materials, The inner circle 1116 of insulating support, excircle 1113 and rotor are concentric, and insulating support is sleeved on that armature spindle is outer and rotor magnetic Between pole, there are the magnetic pole pieces on gap, two side ring surface of insulating support and rotor because of between armature spindle for inner circle 1116 interior Fractionation has gap.Also there are mounting hole (such as 1115) on insulating support circumference, for installation to be fixed between stator.Insulation Annular section between stent inner circle 1116 and circumference 1114 is winding area, for described in coiling " fixed rotor field around Group " --- dotted portion 1110 represents the winding in figure, because the winding outer work section is between rotor magnetic pole, use Induced electromotive force is generated in the magnetic field of excitation rotor magnetic core or induced field, therefore is " rotor field winding ", is had because it is not It is installed on rotor and is rotated with rotor, and be affixed on stator between rotor that there are gap, winding housing and windings It itself has no and is in direct contact, without mechanical friction with rotor, therefore be known as " fixed rotor field winding ".The winding leading-out wire 1111 and 1112 draw from stator or electric machine casing suitable location.

As shown in Figure 2：It is the fixed rotor windings of embodiment of the present invention and the side cross-sectional view of rotor

The figure illustrates the position relationship of " fixed rotor field winding " between rotor magnetic core, in figure：Rotor magnetic core There is among (dash area) armature spindle 1120, the medium position of rotor magnetic core is equipped with groove 1128, the trend of slot 1228 be with The circumferencial direction being axially and radially respectively perpendicular of rotor, that is, along the slot opened of direction of rotation of rotor, the opening side of slot To the lateral direction that rotor magnetic core circumference is towards towards magnetic pole of the stator, therefore it is known as " outer groove ", is for fixed rotor There are gaps between the housing 1125 of the space that magnetic field winding is reserved, cell wall and " fixed rotor field winding " 1124.It is " fixed The insulation shell of formula rotor field winding " is by fixed pin 1119 or fastened by screw on stator core.

There is equally distributed rotor magnetic pole, such as rotor magnetic pole 1121,1122, rotor on the both sides magnetic core circumference of outer groove Magnetic pole 1123,1126 etc..

Fixed rotor field winding 1124 is located in its insulation shell 1125, can be by insulating electromagnetic conducting wire coiling Circumference type concentratred winding, the winding do not have the end problem of conventional elliptical winding, overcome many drawbacks that end is brought.

It should be noted that the dotted line 11291,11292 on rotor magnetic core represents that rotor magnetic core is split structure, in group When filling the motor, the rotor magnetic core (11492 left side core portion dashed lines) of dotted line side can be filled afterwards, and led in advance Fixed pin 1129 is crossed to install fixed rotor field winding 1124 and its housing 1125 (fixed pin 1129 is by solenoid housing 1125 It is fixed on stator, is not shown in the stator figure), this is because fixed rotor field winding is the original of loop configuration Cause.

The advantages of this structure essentially consists in rotor magnetic core can be with excitation, so as to enhance or weaken rotor field, but not There are the CONTACT WITH FRICTIONs such as slip ring, carbon brush.Rotor field can need to carry out exciting current size and direction according to the operating mode of motor Control.And then regulation motor output power, output torque, convenient for enhancing power of motor, torque, it is also easy to realize the system of motor It is dynamic；The torque of motor and power is made to be easy to regulate and control, does not have magnet also without coil on the rotor block of rotation, so such rotor Can bear higher rotating speed, the rotation speed change of bigger, bigger torque ripple, additionally it is possible to be resistant to higher operating temperature, especially It is suitable for the more complicated electro-motive vehicle of operating mode, is used as driving motor.

It should be noted that Ben Tu is merely to illustrating and being enough to illustrate the rotor of technical solution of the present invention, stator, consolidate Position relationship between the winding of fixed pattern rotor field, according to general electric machine structure common sense, those skilled in the art will be seen that work Machines such as bearing, stator case, installation bolt, the binding post of external connection, control unit and attachment that should be indispensable for motor Structure, in order to protrude technical characteristic convenient for explanation, the structure of these common-senses is not shown in the figure.

As shown in the left figure of Fig. 3：It is the axial section structure diagram of the internal rotor of embodiment of the present invention

Electric rotating machine is divided into inner rotor motor and external rotor electric machine, and the rotor of inner rotor motor is located in the circumference of stator Side, also as external stator motor；The rotor of external rotor electric machine is located at the periphery of stator, also as default sub-motor.This figure Rotor axial cross section view for inner rotor motor：Each phase rotor include armature spindle, two of rotor magnetic core it is symmetrical round Yoke portion, the equally distributed rotor magnetic pole outside yoke portion circumference, armature spindle is through two symmetrical round yoke portions centres and carries out It is mechanically fixed.

1130 are uniformly distributed the round of rotor magnetic pole such as magnetic pole 1132, rotor magnetic core for armature spindle, in rotor circumference in figure The rotor magnetic pole being circumferentially distributed is carried out magnetic circuit with armature spindle and connected by yoke portion, wherein the circle in the round yoke portion of rotor magnetic core 1131 position of ring, corresponding is the position of " fixed rotor field winding ".

It is further illustrated with reference to the right figure of Fig. 3.The figure is the stereogram of rotor, and rotor includes armature spindle 1130, turns Sub- magnetic core includes two parts in left and right, and each section has round yoke portion 1131, rotor is evenly distributed with outside round yoke portion circumference Magnetic pole such as 1132 and 1133 has among two round yoke portions the connection of armature spindle middle section 1134 to fix, while armature spindle is also Permeability magnetic material.Can be according to rotor field intensity needs, the middle section 1134 of armature spindle can be with overstriking.

As shown in Figure 4：It is that embodiment of the present invention has an external stator that multiple centralized stator winding are distributed on circumference Formula motor side cross-sectional view

Armature spindle 1140 is located at the center of rotor magnetic core 1148, has trench structure, trench structure two in the middle part of rotor magnetic core On the rotor magnetic core circumference of side there is rotor magnetic pole, such as rotor magnetic pole 1144, stator core such as 1141 etc. is further illustrated in figure, There is centralized stator winding such as 1142,1147, fixed rotor field winding 1145 passes through its housing in the middle part of stator core 1146 are fixed on stator core by fixed pin 1149, and there are gap between fixed rotor field winding and the tank circuit of rotor, Such as rotor pole clearance 1143.On the circumference on the outside of rotor, it is evenly distributed with multiple stator magnets as 1141 Core and its centralized stator winding, the polyphase machine if monophase machine or using axial phase：Each phase motor stator magnetic core Number is equal with the rotor magnetic pole number per side in the phase rotor magnetic core tank circuit both sides；If the multiphase electricity using circumference split-phase Machine：Each phase motor stator magnetic core number is equal with the rotor magnetic pole number per side in rotor magnetic core tank circuit both sides.

Dotted line 11491,11492 on rotor magnetic core represents that rotor magnetic core is split structure, can when assembling the motor The rotor magnetic core of dotted line side (11492 left side core portion dashed lines) to be filled afterwards, and beforehand through fixed pin 1149 Fixed rotor field winding 1145 and its housing 1146 are installed, this is because fixed rotor field winding is loop configuration The reason of.

With earlier figures 2 similarly, Ben Tu is merely to illustrating and being enough to illustrate the rotor of technical solution of the present invention, determine Position relationship between the winding of sub, fixed rotor field, according to general electric machine structure common sense, those skilled in the art can be with Solve bearing, stator case, installation bolt, the binding post of external connection, control unit and attachment that should be indispensable as motor Etc. mechanisms, in order to protrude technical characteristic convenient for explanation, the structure of these common-senses is not shown in the figure.

As shown in Figure 5：It is that embodiment of the present invention has an external stator that multiple centralized stator winding are distributed on circumference One stator core of formula motor and its centralized stator winding structure schematic diagram

On stator core there is mounting hole such as 1154, be fixed on electric machine casing for stator core.It is wound among magnetic core Stator winding 1151 is centralized winding, and has terminal 1152,1153 to be drawn through insulation.Magnetic core both ends have magnetic pole of the stator such as 1150, when centralized stator winding electrifying, stator core is magnetized, and both ends magnetic pole magnetic is on the contrary, be used for and corresponding rotor Magnetic loop is formed between magnetic pole, when stator core centralization winding passes to the electric current of first direction, fixed rotor field around When group passes to second direction electric current, magnetic pole of the stator enhances in the same direction with the magnetic field that corresponding rotor magnetic pole generates, and interpolar generates attraction Power；When stator centralized winding electric current reversely and at this time fixed rotor field winding current direction it is constant/or when fixed The current direction of the centralized winding of son it is constant and when fixed rotor field winding current is reversed at this time, magnetic pole of the stator with it is corresponding Rotor magnetic pole generate reverse magnetic field subtract each other, interpolar generate magnetic thrust；It in this way can be by controlling stator winding and fixed Rotor field winding current opens power, rotating speed and the torque of control rotor.

As shown in Figure 6：It is the fixed rotor windings dimensional structure diagram of embodiment of the present invention.

The figure shows the ring type structure feature of fixed rotor field winding, 1161 be its insulating support (housing), Inside has by the coil of insulation electromagnetic enamel-covered wire coiling.Coil both ends are drawn by lead-out wire 1160, and can stator certain Place's drilling is drawn in insulation or the gap between adjacent stators magnetic core is drawn, and is that everybody control circuit is attached.

As shown in Figure 7：It is that embodiment of the present invention has an external stator that multiple centralized stator winding are distributed on circumference Formula motor axial direction cross-sectional view

In figure, the inside of stator circumference 1175 is evenly distributed with stator core, and stator core uses 1141 in such as Fig. 4, Each stator core both ends is connected with magnetic pole of the stator (1173 in such as attached drawing 7) and is wound in the middle part of each stator core Centralized stator winding, winding construction form are not shown here as aforementioned figures 4.Stator core by bolt (such as 1174) it is fixed in stator circumference.

Rotor is also consistent with the rotor in attached drawing 4, rotor magnetic pole (such as magnetic pole 1172) is evenly distributed on circumference, and turn Sub- number of magnet poles is equal with magnetic pole of the stator number.1170 in figure represent armature spindle, and 1171, which represent that rotor magnetic core corresponds to, " fixes The position of formula rotor windings ".Between rotor magnetic pole and magnetic pole of the stator there are gap, rotor magnetic core with " fixed rotor field around There are gaps between group ".

Above-mentioned attached drawing 1-7 illustrates the design feature of this motor from different aspect.

The structure diagram of a phase of the motor with " fixed rotor field winding ", this phase is shown in attached drawing 7 It may be constructed monophase machine, the centralized stator winding on all stator cores using " being connected in series with " or using " first from beginning to end First parallel connection-tail tail is in parallel " or using " head and the tail of packet type are connected in series with " and " the first parallel connection-tail tails of head of packet type are simultaneously The connection modes such as connection ", it is ensured that magnetic pole of the stator polarity in the first side of stator circumference is identical (to determine in stator circumference the second side at this time The polarity of sub- magnetic pole is opposite with the magnetism of the first side).

The motor of this structure, the magnetic pole on stator and rotor circumference correspond, while generate same active force, Circumference stress is more balanced, number of magnet poles can freely set, is unrelated with number of motor phases, will not generate larger torque ripple, Each rotor magnetic pole can act each magnetic pole of the stator power, and torque relative equilibrium, noise is small, fluctuation is small.

Embodiment 2

As shown in Figure 8：It is that embodiment of the present invention has an external stator that multiple centralized stator winding are distributed on circumference Formula motor axial direction cross-sectional view

The characteristics of the present embodiment is：Motor stator includes stator circumference, circumference both sides are evenly distributed with magnetic pole of the stator, rotor Structure and the rotor structure in aforementioned figures 7 are basically identical, and rotor magnetic pole number is equal with magnetic pole of the stator number (in Fig. 8 1183 grades represent rotor magnetic pole).With being a difference in that for attached motor illustrated in Figure 7：The motor stator magnetic core of aforementioned attached drawing 7 Middle part is wound with " centralized stator winding ", does not have winding on magnetic pole, the magnetic of two magnetic poles of same magnetic core can be by single " centralized stator winding " encourages.And it is (such as stator winding 1181, fixed to be wound with stator winding in this example on each magnetic pole of the stator Sub- winding 1182 etc.), the two stator winding are only drawn in attached drawing, and (winding on remaining each magnetic pole of the stator, which is located at, to be shown Go out) --- it can be referred to as in fact " the magnetic pole winding " of stator, have same stator winding on remaining magnetic pole of the stator, and corresponding Rotor magnetic pole in rotor groove portion both sides, each magnetic pole of the stator for occuping stator circumference both sides have corresponding stator winding. Its circuit connect and operation principle with it is above-mentioned basically identical：Centralized stator winding on all stator cores is using " head and the tail are gone here and there Connection connects " or using " first parallel connection-tail tail is in parallel " or use " head and the tail of packet type are connected in series with " and " grouping The connection modes such as the first parallel connections of head-tail tail parallel connection of formula ", it is ensured that the magnetic pole of the stator polarity in the first side of stator circumference is identical (at this time It is contrary in the polarity of magnetic pole of the stator of stator circumference the second side with the polarity of first side), it is described " fixed to be adapted to The rotor magnetic pole of rotor field winding ".

In above-described embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, only monophase machine is described, axial phase can be taken Method, the angular interval that the motor of out of phase is determined according to the number of phases carry out axial phase, so as to form using axial series structure Multiphase has the motor of " fixed rotor field winding ".It is of course also possible to by the variation of stator, rotor field make stator around Group generates induced electromotive force and is used as generator.

Embodiment 3

Embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of motor with fixed rotor field winding for belonging to first aspect, Its technical characterstic includes：Magnetic pole and stator winding in the stator circumference of motor are divided into multiphase, form the multiphase electricity of circumference split-phase Machine.

As shown in Fig. 9, Figure 10 and Figure 11：Fig. 9 is determining with distribution multiphase centralization on circumference for embodiment of the present invention The outer stator type motor axial direction cross-sectional view of sub- winding.

On the axial section of Fig. 9, it can be seen that the magnetic pole of the stator number of stator circumference side is 18, (the axial direction Sectional view cannot represent 18 magnetic pole of the stator of stator circumference opposite side), side has 12 rotors on rotor magnetic core Magnetic pole, opposite side also have corresponding 12 rotor magnetic poles, are the tank circuit structure of rotor magnetic core between the rotor magnetic pole of both sides, use In " fixed rotor field winding " is given to provide spatial position, and between the rotor magnetic core tank circuit and " fixed rotor field winding " There are gap, stayed between magnetic pole of the stator (such as magnetic pole of the stator 1191,1192,1193) and rotor magnetic pole (such as 1194,1195) There is gap.

As shown in Figure 10：It is the lateral cross-sectional view of motor shown in Fig. 9, rotor 11100 is and Fig. 2 similar structures.

There are 18 stator cores in the stator circumference of Fig. 9, each monomer stator core both ends respectively have a magnetic pole of the stator, In Figure 11：11103 both ends of stator core are with magnetic pole 11104 and magnetic pole 11105 and with centralized stator winding 11106, the tank circuit space between rotor magnetic pole has " fixed rotor field winding " --- and 11101, it should " fixed rotor field Winding " is mechanically fixed by fixed pin (or installation screw) with stator core 11103.Ensure " fixed rotor magnetic simultaneously Field winding " suitable gap between housing and rotor magnetic core tank circuit inner wall, will not generate mechanical friction.

When the electronic control system of motor is to " fixed rotor field winding " --- during 11101 energization while to centralization When stator winding 11106 is powered, when the electric current of the two so that the magnetism of the magnetic pole of the stator of corresponding region, rotor magnetic pole is opposite, Stator-rotator magnetic interpolar generates magnetic pull, and rotor can be driven when being enough to overcome resistance to generate directional rotating.

Referring to Fig. 9：

1. when going to 1191 aligned position of rotor magnetic pole 1194 and magnetic pole of the stator (be known as " centering " --- the same below), magnetic Power reaches maximum, it is assumed that described here is A phase stator winding electrifyings.

2. next cut-out A phase winding electric currents, to B phase stator winding electrifyings, rotor magnetic pole 1194 and magnetic pole of the stator 1191 Between magnetic force reduce, between rotor magnetic pole 1195 and magnetic pole of the stator 1192 magnetic force increase, it will driving rotor clockwise rotation,

3. equally B phase stator winding circuits are cut off in B phases magnetic pole of the stator 1192 and rotor magnetic pole 1195 " centering "；So Afterwards again to C phase stator winding electrifyings, until C phases magnetic pole of the stator 1193 and rotor magnetic pole 1196 " centering ", so again and again Cycle is gone down, and rotor can be rotated in a clockwise direction.Effect between all rotor magnetic poles and magnetic pole of the stator Relationship between relationship and rotor magnetic pole 1194,1195,1196, magnetic pole of the stator 1191,1192,1192 is all consistent.

Change each phase stator winding electrifying duty and opportunity is when connected, thus it is possible to vary rotating speed and torque and output work Rate, click direction of rotation can be changed by changing A, B, C threephase stator winding power-up sequence.Further analysis, it may be seen that：

When carrying out in the process 1., if rotor magnetic pole 1194,1195,1196 is N poles, at this time stator magnet Pole 1191 is S poles, and rotor magnetic pole 1194 is magnetic opposite with magnetic pole of the stator 1191；When followed by process 2.：

Rotor magnetic pole 1194,1195,1196 is still N poles, magnetic pole of the stator 1191 is made to lose magnetism since A phases power off, B is communicated Electricity makes magnetic pole of the stator 1192, and for S poles, special instruction is：Reverse current can be passed to C phases at this time and causes C phase magnetic pole of the stator 1193 be N poles；It has the advantage that in this way：While B phases magnetic pole of the stator 1192 generates magnetic pull to rotor magnetic pole 1195, C Phase magnetic pole of the stator 1193 generates rotor magnetic pole 1195 magnetic thrust, and pulling force, with same circumferencial direction Downward addition, adds with thrust The big active force to rotor magnetic pole makes to export the torque of bigger and power, rotating speed on rotor.It is symmetrical due to circumferencial direction Property, interactively and the rotor magnetic pole 1194,1195,1196, stator between all rotor magnetic pole and magnetic pole of the stator Relationship between magnetic pole 1191,1192,1192 is all consistent.

It sums up, can obtain what this was further analyzed：When motor is used to generate driving force, using out of phase Stator winding between the control method that commutates in due course of electric current,

When the exciting current of a certain phase stator winding connection first direction, the magnetic pole of the stator of the phase is to rotor magnetic Pole generates magnetic pull, and the exciting current that the stator winding of other phases is appropriately energized second direction makes the stators of other phases Pole pair rotor magnetic pole generates magnetic thrust, i.e., what described first direction exciting current generated rotor magnetic pole with corresponding magnetic pole of the stator Magnetic pull is corresponding, and the second direction exciting current is corresponding with the magnetic thrust that corresponding magnetic pole of the stator generates rotor magnetic pole, Make the magnetic pull and the effective Downward addition of magnetic thrust that out of phase magnetic pole of the stator generates on rotor magnetic pole, tend to joint efforts and drive Force direction is consistent, for passing through the driving torque and power of the magnetic flux density increase motor output for improving magnetic pole.

On the contrary, further analysis in this way can be done：When motor due to inertia etc. rotor in the running, if necessary Apply the moment of resistance to rotor to make its deceleration as early as possible, it can be with：4. it sets rotor magnetic pole 1194,1195,1196 to be N poles, at this time determine Sub- magnetic pole 1191 is N poles, and rotor magnetic pole 1194 is identical with 1191 magnetism of magnetic pole of the stator；When followed by process 5.：

Rotor magnetic pole 1194,1195,1196 is still N poles, magnetic pole of the stator 1191 is made to lose magnetism since A phases power off, B is communicated Electricity makes magnetic pole of the stator 1192, and for N poles, special instruction is：Electric current can be passed to C phases at this time so that C phases magnetic pole of the stator 1193 is S poles；It has the advantage that in this way：While B phases magnetic pole of the stator 1192 generates magnetic thrust to rotor magnetic pole 1195, C phase stators Magnetic pole 1193 generates magnetic pull to rotor magnetic pole 1195, and pulling force is superimposed in the same direction with thrust with same circumferencial direction, increases pair The drag effect power of rotor magnetic pole makes rotor be conducive to fast braking by the moment of resistance of bigger.It is symmetrical due to circumferencial direction Property, interactively and the rotor magnetic pole 1194,1195,1196, stator between all rotor magnetic pole and magnetic pole of the stator Relationship between magnetic pole 1191,1192,1192 is all consistent.It sums up, can obtain：

When the exciting current of a certain phase stator winding connection third direction, the magnetic pole of the stator of a certain phase is to turning Sub- magnetic pole generates magnetic thrust, and the exciting current that the stator winding of other phases is appropriately energized fourth direction makes other phases Magnetic pole of the stator generates rotor magnetic pole magnetic pull, i.e., described third direction exciting current produces rotor magnetic pole with corresponding magnetic pole of the stator Raw magnetic thrust is corresponding, and the fourth direction exciting current is opposite with the magnetic pull that corresponding magnetic pole of the stator generates rotor magnetic pole Should, magnetic pull that out of phase magnetic pole of the stator generates on rotor magnetic pole and magnetic thrust is made effectively to be superimposed in the same direction, tend to joint efforts with It is consistent to brake force direction, for increasing the drag torque of motor.

As shown in figure 11：It is that another stator winding structure shows on motor stator magnetic core shown in embodiment of the present invention Fig. 9 It is intended to.

With above-described embodiment 3 similarly, stator winding can also use the coiling stator winding on each magnetic pole of the stator Method carries out the magnetic field control of stator core, and the structure of each stator core is referring to shown in attached drawing 11.One stator core 11110 It is wound with stator winding 11111 and 11112 respectively on two magnetic pole of the stator at both ends, two magnetic poles are encouraged respectively, certainly, two The magnetism that winding coil 11111 and 11112 generates should in-phase stacking.Winding coil can connect from beginning to end or first parallel connection-tail Tail is in parallel.

Embodiment 4

As shown in figure 12：It is that the internal stator type motor side in embodiment of the present invention with multiple centralized stator winding cuts open Face structure diagram.

Inner stator axis 1210 is through the center of stator core 1211 (dash area in figure), and between outer rotor 1212 Equipped with bearing 1213.Magnetic pole of the stator is distributed on stator core circumference, stator winding, magnetic pole of the stator are wound on each magnetic pole of the stator Number is equal with rotor magnetic pole number.There is tank circuit structure to be mechanically fixed by fixed pin (such as 1215) among magnetic pole of the stator " fixed rotor field winding " 1214.Outer rotor 1212 also has tank circuit structure towards inside circumference, is fixed rotor magnetic Field 1214 slot milling of winding；It (is such as punished it is of course possible to which outer rotor 1212 is also designed to split structure along dotted line 1216 Body), in order to install the rotor windings of circumference type.Outer rotor is equipped with rotor magnetic pole inwardly.External rotor magnetic poles and inner stator magnetic pole Between, between the housing of the outer rotor tank circuit and fixed rotor field winding 1214 there are gap, the work of this motor is former Reason is essentially identical with aforementioned inner-rotor-type.

As shown in figure 13：It is the fixed rotor field winding of internal stator type motor shown in Figure 12 in embodiment of the present invention Structure diagram, rotor field winding is located inside " fixed rotor field winding " housing 1220, and passes through lead 1221 and draw Go out.

As shown in figure 14：It is the axial section structural representation of internal stator type motor shown in Figure 12 in embodiment of the present invention Figure.In figure, 1230 be inner stator axis, and magnetic pole of the stator such as 1236 is uniformly arranged on inner stator, and each magnetic pole of the stator is equipped with stator Winding such as 1237 only shows 2 stator winding in figure, remaining is not shown.Rotor magnetic pole such as rotor magnetic pole is distributed on outer rotor 1235 and rotor magnetic pole 1236 etc., corresponding 1233 positions of outer rotor are tank circuit structures, can accommodate fixed rotor field Winding.

Embodiment 5

As shown in figure 15：It is that the side stator motor side in embodiment of the present invention with multiple centralized stator winding cuts open Face structure diagram.

Bearing 1311 etc. is equipped between armature spindle 1310 and nail housing 1312.Rotor magnetic core is that have lateral (direction Magnetic pole of the stator direction) opening groove structure, can be that " fixed rotor field winding " 1318 provides space in notch.Notch Both sides have rotor magnetic pole such as rotor magnetic pole 1317 and rotor magnetic pole 1319.

Stator has multiple stator cores, has centralized stator winding such as stator winding 1313 and stator winding per intermediate 13192.The both ends tool of one stator core is there are two magnetic pole of the stator, such as magnetic pole of the stator 13191 and magnetic pole of the stator 13194.

Fixed rotor field winding 1318 is located inside its insulation shell 13195, and housing 13195 provides fixed pin Or 13193 grade of fastening screw is mechanically fixed with stator core.

As shown in figure 16：It is motor stator axial cross-sectional views shown in Figure 15 in embodiment of the present invention.

1321 represent stator axle center hole in figure, and armature spindle is pierced by from here.6 magnetic cores, each magnetic are uniformly distributed on stator Core has two magnetic poles of face, if the magnetic pole of the stator 1325 and magnetic pole of the stator 1326 of face are the magnetic pole of the stator in Figure 15 respectively 13191 and 13194；For another example magnetic pole of the stator 1323 and 1324.Magnetic pole of the stator is distributed in stator circumference in two concentric-ring patterns, phase Corresponding two magnetic poles are there are one the centralized winding energization on stator core, if magnetic pole of the stator 1325 and 1326 is by fixed in Figure 15 Sub- winding 13192 encourages.

As shown in figure 17：It is motor stator axial cross-sectional views shown in middle Figure 15 in embodiment of the present invention.

1331 represent armature spindle, each six rotor magnetic for uniformly enclosing faces with inside and outside distribution two in rotor circumference in figure Pole, if the rotor magnetic pole 1335 and rotor magnetic pole 1336 of face are the rotor magnetic pole 1319 and 13195 in Figure 15 respectively；For another example turn Sub- magnetic pole 1333 and 1334.Magnetic pole of the stator is distributed in stator circumference in two concentric-ring patterns, the annular groove between concentric circles for " Gu Fixed pattern rotor field winding " provides space, is encouraged by rotor field winding 1318 fixed in Figure 15.

It can be obtained with reference to above-mentioned Figure 15, Figure 16, Figure 17：This is that a monophase machine for including lateral stator and rotor sructure is illustrated Figure, principle and the motor shown in aforementioned figures 7 are essentially identical.

Equally can also carry out axial phase be designed as multiphase side stator/side rotor have " fixed rotor field winding " Motor.

Second aspect, embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of motor with fixed rotor field winding, including fixed Son, rotor, rotor field winding, stator and rotor support member and electronic control system, technical characterstic includes：

Stator includes stator core and stator winding, and stator core is outer stator type exciting type stator core/or is default Minor exciting type stator core/is side stator exciting type stator core, has multiple magnetic pole of the stator on stator core circumference, There is the slot opened along stator core circumferencial direction, the trend of slot is axially and radially respectively perpendicular with rotor on stator core Circumferencial direction, magnetic pole of the stator is distributed in the notch both sides even circumferential of slot, when motor stator magnetic core is outer stator type stator magnet Core or for internal stator type stator core when, magnetic pole of the stator is uniformly distributed on two parallel circumference, when motor stator magnetic core is During the stator stator core of side, magnetic pole of the stator is uniformly distributed in two concentric circumferences, slot for placing stator winding, stator around Group is single line coiling or the circumferential winding of the round loop construction of parallel winding of multiple coils；

Rotor includes rotor magnetic core, has the slot opened along rotor magnetic core circumferencial direction on rotor magnetic core, the trend of slot is With the circumferencial direction being axially and radially respectively perpendicular of rotor, when with the motor stator magnetic core of rotor engagement be outer stator type stator Magnetic core or during for internal stator type stator core, the notch both sides circumference of the slot of rotor magnetic core it is parallel with where magnetic pole of the stator two A circumference is corresponding, and rotor magnetic pole, the rotor magnetic pole and the stator magnet number of poles is distributed in the notch both sides even circumferential of slot Mesh is equal, and there are air gaps between rotor magnetic pole and magnetic pole of the stator；When determining with the motor stator magnetic core of rotor engagement for side stator During sub- magnetic core, the notch both sides circumference of the slot of rotor magnetic core is corresponding with two concentric circumferences where magnetic pole of the stator, the slot of slot Rotor magnetic pole is distributed in mouth both sides even circumferential, and the rotor magnetic pole is equal with the magnetic pole of the stator number, and rotor magnetic pole is with determining There are air gaps between sub- magnetic pole；

Under being controlled in electronic control system, when stator winding electrifying, makes stator core be magnetized, stator core slot Notch both sides circumference, which is geomagnetic into synonyms pole and passes through magnetic pole of the stator, guides magnetic field；Rotor field winding makes rotor magnetic when being powered Core is magnetized, and the notch both sides circumference of rotor magnetic core slot is geomagnetic into synonyms pole and guides magnetic field by rotor magnetic pole, with determining The magnetic field interaction of sub- magnetic pole generated on rotor magnetic pole electromagnetic torque driving rotor rotation or

" the work(of circumferential winding is mentioned in the patent application document application No. is 2016109726588 of same inventor Rate motor ", the third aspect in its invention content have：" third aspect according to the present invention provides a kind of circumferential winding Power motor is formed including stator, rotor, the support component and electronic control system, is characterized in that,

The stator, rotor, the support component and electronic control system form excitatory motor,

The rotor includes the rotor magnetic pole made of soft magnetic materials, and the rotor further includes rotor windings, in institute State the magnetic field of the excitation current effect lower activation rotor magnetic pole of rotor windings；

The stator includes stator core and stator winding, has on the stator core along the stator core circumference side To the slot opened, the trend of the slot is the circumferencial direction being axially and radially respectively perpendicular with the rotor, the slot of the slot Mouth both sides circumference is connected between magnetic pole of the stator and the magnetic pole of the stator and the rotor magnetic pole there are air gap,

For the slot for placing stator winding, the stator winding is single line coiling or the round loop construction of parallel winding of multiple coils Circumferential winding,

For the stator core being made to be magnetized in the stator winding electrifying, the notch both sides circumference of the slot is by magnetic It turns to synonyms pole and passes through the magnetic pole of the stator guiding magnetic field, magnetic field is made to be generated in rotor magnetic pole, and electromagnetic torque driving is described to be turned Son rotation,

Or for the stator winding being made to generate induced electromotive force by the variation in magnetic field when the rotor is rotated.”

And described in the embodiment 15 application No. is 2016109726588 patent application document：" the week of rotor Brush mode may be used to winding and connected excitatory energy outside external excitation power supply or the brushless induction acquisition of use, It is such as lower using RF coupling technological means suitable for requirement.”

According to these published invention contents, it can be deduced that the electric machine structure figure as shown in attached drawing 18 of the present invention, rotor Rotor magnetic pole is distributed on 2205 circumference of rotor magnetic core, such as 2203 He of rotor magnetic pole through rotor magnetic core 2205 in axis 2200 2206, stator use with ring shaped slot line structure stator magnet, 2204, the tank circuit embeds " the circumferential winding " of blow-down (2202), stator magnet number of poles rotor magnetic pole number is equal, and there are gaps 2201 between magnetic pole of the stator and rotor magnetic pole.

As the type for belonging to excitatory motor, the centre of rotor magnetic core 2205 is also with tank circuit structure, but application number It is not on the books or can be immediately arrived at from file there is " fixing rotary in 201610972658.8 patent application document The electric machine structure of sub- magnetic field winding ", be particularly previously mentioned in embodiment 15 " brush has may be used in the circumferential winding of rotor Mode connects external excitation power supply or using the excitatory energy in brushless induction acquisition outside, is such as penetrated suitable for lower use of requirement The technological means such as frequency coupling " cannot still obtain the electric machine structure of " fixed rotor field winding ".

It is in contrast, the technical scheme is that on the basis of the technical solution application No. is 201610972658.8 into One step is innovated, while technical scheme of the present invention and Conventional switched reluctance motor are comparatively, to substantially increase rotor field strong Degree, so as to significantly improve output power of motor, rotating speed, torque, additionally provide it is handling, have significant technological progress.

Embodiment 6

As shown in figure 19：There is fixed rotor magnetic using circumferential winding for the external stator that embodiment of the present invention provides The electric machine structure schematic diagram of field winding, the phase structure only represented below with this figure illustrate.

Rotor includes armature spindle 2210 and rotor magnetic core 2215, has among rotor magnetic core 2215 for " fixed rotor magnetic Winding " by tank circuit space, the trend of slot is the circumferencial direction being axially and radially respectively perpendicular with rotor, due to slot Opening direction is towards the lateral direction of rotor magnetic core circumference towards magnetic pole of the stator, therefore is known as " outer groove ", the both sides of slot There is equally distributed rotor magnetic pole, such as rotor magnetic pole 2213 and 2216 on magnetic core circumference；Rotor magnetic core is also using (such as aforementioned Fig. 2's or Fig. 4) rotor magnetic core of separate structure.Outer groove is used for as " fixed rotor field winding " -- and 2218 provide space, And there are gap (22192 in figure) between the housing of " fixed rotor field winding " 2218." fixed rotor field around The housing of group " is by fixed pin 2219 or fastened by screw on stator core.

Stator core 2214 is also with the magnetic of the tank circuit structure of circumferencial direction being respectively perpendicular with rotor axial and radial direction Core, and " inner groove " and " outer shroud on rotor magnetic core are somebody's turn to do in channel opening direction towards rotor magnetic pole side, therefore referred to as " inner groove " Slot " aligns, and groove width is equal, and the inner groove of stator core is determined for accommodating along the circumference type of the laying of slot inner wall insulation or coiling Sub- winding 2212, referred to as " circumferential winding ", for the changes of magnetic field for stator core excitation or sensing stator core.Inner groove Both sides magnetic core circumference on there is equally distributed magnetic pole of the stator, such as magnetic pole of the stator 2217, between magnetic pole of the stator and rotor magnetic pole There are gap (such as 2211), and magnetic pole of the stator number is equal with rotor magnetic pole number.

It should be noted that it is of course possible to which stator core 2214 is also designed to split structure (such as along at dotted line 22191 Split designs), in order to install the rotor windings of circumference type.

Stator core, the slot of above-mentioned inner groove are interior as the circumferential winding of stator winding, the rotor magnetic core of outer groove, fixation Formula rotor field winding and armature spindle together constitute the core component of a monophase machine, then are equipped with corresponding housing, bearing, end The attachmentes such as lid, radiator fan, binding post, electronic control system i.e. form complete monophase machine, certainly these as just this The basic structure of kind of monophase machine, since it not can determine that direction of rotation, can not be filled in no assistant starting due to self-starting etc. When putting, general this monophase machine can't be applied directly, be merely for convenience and purposes of illustration and understand the structure of this motor here Feature.

Of course, it is possible to which this monophase machine to be used to the method for axial phase, polyphase machine is formed, generally using three-phase, I.e.：The rotor magnetic core that three-phase is respectively provided with outer shroud slot structure is series on armature spindle, and each phase rotor magnetic core all uses separate structure Form is in order to assembling；Stator using be respectively provided with inner ring slot structure threephase stator magnetic core series connection, each phase stator core it is interior Annular groove is aligned with the outer groove of rotor magnetic core, the circumferential winding of setting stator core and " fixed rotor field in the slot of alignment Winding ", common enhancing (the same phase for participating in control and being conducive to rotor magnetic pole and magnetic pole of the stator magnetic field intensity of the two windings During superposition) or weaken (reversely during superposition), power of motor output, torque output are improved, rotating speed is improved and improves braking ability.

Embodiment 7

As shown in Figure 20, Figure 21：It is fixed using having for circumferential winding for the external stator that embodiment of the present invention provides Rotor field winding, stator core, the electric machine structure schematic diagram that rotor magnetic core is split structure.In Figure 20：

2230 armature spindles

2231 magnetic pole of the stator and rotor magnetic pole gap

The circumferential winding of 2232 stators

2233 rotor magnetic poles

2234 stator cores

2235 rotor magnetic cores

2236 rotor magnetic poles

2237 magnetic pole of the stator

2238 rotor windings are (i.e.：Fixed rotor field winding, the same below)

2239 fixed pins or fastening screw

22391st, 22392 fixed pins/key

The contact surface of 22392 split type stator cores

The contact surface of 22393 Split-type rotor magnetic cores

In Figure 21：

2240 armature spindles

2241 magnetic pole of the stator and rotor magnetic pole gap

The circumferential winding of 2242 stators

2243 rotor magnetic poles

2244 stator cores

2245 rotor magnetic cores

2246 rotor magnetic poles

2247 magnetic pole of the stator

2248 rotor windings

2249 fixed pins or fastening screw

22492 fixed pins/key

The contact surface of 22493 Split-type rotor magnetic cores

The contact surface of 22494 split type stator cores

Embodiment 8

As shown in Figure 22, Figure 23：The circumferential winding and fixing rotary of external stator use provided for embodiment of the present invention The motor side cross-sectional view that sub- magnetic field winding is integrated.

In Figure 22：The fixed rotor field winding of stator circumferential direction winding and rotor is using integrated shell structure or has The integrated winding construction of tap,

2250 armature spindles

2251 stator-rotator magnetic clearance between poles

The circumferential winding of 2252 stators

2253 rotor magnetic poles

2254 stator cores

2255 rotor magnetic cores

2256 rotor magnetic poles

2257 magnetic pole of the stator

2258 rotor windings

2259 fixed pins or fastening screw

It is easily understood that the rotor field winding of motor is also designed to two or more circumferential windings, When different rotor field windings connects different directions or different size of electric current, rotor magnetic pole will correspondingly generate difference The magnetic field of polarity or the magnetic field of varying strength, rotor is by will obtain different directions or different size of driving moment or resistance Square, convenient for carrying out flexible optimal control to motor.

In Figure 23：The fixed rotor field winding of stator circumferential direction winding and rotor uses integrated shell structure, and Two windings unify or the integrated winding construction with tap, wherein

2260 armature spindles

2261 stator-rotator magnetic clearance between poles

2262 rotor magnetic cores

2263 stator cores

2264 stators and rotor share winding

2265 magnetic pole of the stator

2267th, 2268 rotor magnetic pole

2269 fixed pins or fastening screw.

It is easily understood that the rotor field winding of motor is also designed to two or more circumferential windings, in difference When winding connects different directions or different size of electric current, rotor magnetic pole can correspondingly generate the magnetic of opposed polarity or varying strength , rotor can obtain different directions or different size of driving moment or the moment of resistance, convenient for optimal control flexible to motor.

Embodiment 9

As shown in Figure 24, Figure 25, the circumferential winding and fixing rotary of the side stator use that are provided for embodiment of the present invention Sub- magnetic field winding is the motor side cross-sectional view of same housing structure.

In Figure 24：Stator core is provided with circumferential slot towards rotor magnetic pole direction, referred to as " side ring slot ", rotor magnetic core court To magnetic pole of the stator direction be provided with circumferential slot be also referred to as " side ring slot ", two " side ring slot " cell walls alignment, for house stator around The fixed rotor field winding of group and fixed rotor windings, stator circumferential direction winding and rotor uses integrated shell structure, And two windings unify or the integrated winding construction with tap, wherein

2130 rotors

2131 stator cores

2132 magnetic pole of the stator

2133 magnetic pole of the stator

2134 winding insulation media (winding housing)

2135 bearings

2136 rotor windings

2137 rotor magnetic poles

2138 notch inside circumferences

2139 rotor magnetic poles

21391 notch outer circumferences.

With it is aforementioned similarly, so it is easy to understand that the rotor field winding of motor is also designed to two or more weeks To winding, when different windings connect different directions or different size of electric current, rotor magnetic pole can correspondingly generate opposed polarity Or the magnetic field of varying strength, rotor can obtain different directions or different size of driving moment or the moment of resistance, convenient for motor spirit Optimal control living.

In Figure 25：Stator core is provided with circumferential slot towards rotor magnetic pole direction, referred to as " side ring slot ", rotor magnetic core court To magnetic pole of the stator direction be provided with circumferential slot be also referred to as " side ring slot ", two " side ring slot " cell walls alignment, for house stator around The fixed rotor field winding of group and fixed rotor windings, stator circumferential direction winding and rotor using integrated shell structure or Integrated winding construction with tap,

2140 armature spindles

2141 stator cores

2142 magnetic pole of the stator

2143 magnetic pole of the stator

2144 winding insulation media (winding housing)

2145 bearings

2146 (between winding housing and rotor cell wall) air gaps

2147 rotor magnetic poles

2148 notch inside circumferences

2149 rotor magnetic poles

21491 notch outer circumferences.

Similarly, the rotor field winding of motor is also designed to two or more circumferential windings, is connect in different windings When logical different directions or different size of electric current, rotor magnetic pole will correspondingly generate magnetic field or the varying strength of opposed polarity Magnetic field, rotor is by that will obtain different directions or different size of driving moment or the moment of resistance, convenient for being carried out flexibly to motor Optimal control.

Embodiment 10

As shown in figure 26, there is fixed rotor magnetic using circumferential winding for the inner stator that embodiment of the present invention provides The stator and rotor sructure schematic diagram of the motor of field winding.In figure：

2310 stator axis

2311 rotor pole clearances

2312 rotor magnetic cores

2313 stator cores

2314 magnetic pole of the stator

2315 rotor magnetic poles

2316 magnetic pole of the stator

2317 stator winding

2318 rotor windings

Although external rotor electric machine compares with inner rotor motor, structure is different, should be readily understood that its basic functional principle makes Consistent, which is not described herein again.It should be noted that it is of course possible to which stator core 2313, rotor magnetic core 2312 are also designed to Split structure (such as along dotted line 2319,23191 punish body design), in order to install the stator winding of circumference type and rotor around Group.

In addition, as aforementioned inner rotor type motor, it can also be by the circumferential winding of stator and the fixing rotary of rotor Sub- being integrated of magnetic field Winding Design shell structure or the integrated winding construction with tap, which is not described herein again, attached drawing Also it is omitted.

The third aspect, embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of motor with fixed rotor field winding, including fixed Son, rotor, rotor field winding, stator and rotor support member and electronic control system, technical characterstic is：

Stator includes stator core, and stator core is outer stator type permanent-magnet type stator core/or is internal stator type permanent-magnet type Stator core/is side stator permanent-magnet type stator core, has stator made of multiple permanent-magnet materials on stator core circumference Magnetic pole；

When motor stator magnetic core is outer stator type stator core or is internal stator type stator core, magnetic pole of the stator is parallel Two circumference on be uniformly distributed；

When motor stator magnetic core is side stator stator core, magnetic pole of the stator is uniformly distributed in two concentric circumferences；

Rotor field winding is mutually fixed with motor stator or housing position, forms fixed rotor field winding, rotor magnetic For the slot that core circumferencial direction is opened for accommodating rotor field winding, rotor field winding is single line coiling or parallel winding of multiple coils with turning The circumferential winding of sub concentric round loop construction, effective working circumference of rotor field winding stretch into the slot between rotor magnetic pole It is interior, and there are air gap between rotor field winding and slot, nothing between rotor and fixed rotor field winding when rotating rotor Contact friction；

Under being controlled in electronic control system,

Rotor field winding makes rotor magnetic core be magnetized when being powered, and the notch both sides circumference of slot is geomagnetic into synonyms pole simultaneously Magnetic field is guided by rotor magnetic pole, electromagnetic torque driving rotor is generated on rotor magnetic pole with the magnetic field interaction of magnetic pole of the stator Rotation or

Fixed rotor field winding is made to generate induced electromotive force for the variation when rotor is rotated by magnetic field.

Embodiment 11

As shown in figure 27：The outer stator type permanent magnetism magnetic pole provided for embodiment of the present invention has fixed rotor field The motor stator structure schematic diagram of winding, in figure：

3100 stator circumferences

3101 stator tank circuit left borders

3102 stator tank circuit right borders

Magnetic pole of the stator on the left of 3103 stator slots (be N poles inwardly)

Magnetic pole of the stator on the left of 3104 stator slots (be S poles inwardly)

As shown in figure 28：The outer stator type permanent magnetism magnetic pole provided for embodiment of the present invention has fixed rotor field The motor rotor construction schematic diagram of winding, in figure：

3120 armature spindles

3121 rotor magnetic cores (rotor interpolar) tank circuit (outer groove)

3122 rotor magnetic poles (left side)

3123 rotor magnetic poles (right side)

As shown in figure 29：Fixed rotor field winding for the outer stator type permanent magnetism magnetic pole that embodiment of the present invention provides Rotor winding construction schematic diagram,

The position of 3130 (being equivalent among winding) armature spindles

3131 winding external insulation layers

3132 winding housings

3133 rotor windings (being also circumferential winding)

Side insulation layer in 3134 windings

3135 winding leads terminals

On the left of 3136 winding housings

On the right side of 3137 winding housings

3138 winding fixed installation holes

Said stator, rotor can be designed as point with structure in order to the installation of winding.With reference to above-mentioned Figure 27, Figure 28 and figure 29, it can be readily appreciated that the motor of present aspect has the motor of permanent magnetic steel for stator core, axial point can be formed as needed The polyphase machine of phase generally divides three-phase, a phase is only drawn in attached drawing, according to the Interphase interval angle conduct of multiphase (three-phase) motor Polyphase machine.The rotor-position that the electronic control system of one adaptation is detected according to it, individual-phase control rotor field winding Electric current reliably operates so as to fulfill motor, can only control three-phase rotor windings, that is, control three-phase " fixed rotor field around Group "：

If the threephase stator of motor is A, B, C three-phase, the stator of each phase includes being uniformly distributed in stator circumference determining Sub- magnetic pole, is permanent magnetism magnetic pole, and each phase stator circumference side magnetic pole of the stator (such as permanent magnetism magnetic pole 3103) is that its N pole direction turns Son, opposite side (such as magnetic pole 3104) are S poles towards rotor.The rotor magnetic of soft magnetic materials is uniformly distributed on rotor magnetic core circumference Pole (such as rotor magnetic pole-soft magnetism magnetic pole 3122 and 3123), rotor magnetic core intermediate groove portion 3121 are fixed rotor field Winding reserved space is (certainly, as hereinbefore：Rotor magnetic core be designed as separate structure be easily installed fixed rotor field around Group), when the fixed rotor field winding of this phase passes to forward current, the rotor magnetic pole in rotor magnetic core left circumference is S poles, right side are N poles, respectively with corresponding magnetic pole of the stator magnetism on the contrary, generating strong magnetic pull each other；When this phase When fixed rotor field winding passes to reverse current, the rotor magnetic pole on the left circumference of rotor magnetic core is S poles, right side is N poles, point It is not identical with corresponding magnetic pole of the stator magnetism, strong magnetic thrust is generated each other；Using this principle：

When wherein A phases rotor windings pass to forward current, A phases rotor magnetic pole is by the neighbouring permanent-magnet magnetic of A phase stators Pole anisotropy field effect generates strong magnetic pull, B phase rotor windings can be passed to reverse current at this time, and B phase rotor magnetic poles are by B The neighbouring permanent magnetism magnetic pole anisotropy field effect of phase stator generates strong magnetic thrust, and magnetic pull and magnetic thrust superposition in the same direction are in turning Son；Followed by B phases pass to forward current, C phases pass to reverse current, the magnetic pull and magnetic for making the rotor magnetic pole of B, C two-phase push away Power is superimposed in the same direction；Into but C phase rotor windings pass to forward current, A phase rotor windings pass to reverse current, make C, A two-phase The magnetic pull of rotor magnetic pole is superimposed in the same direction with magnetic thrust；Torque, power and the rotating speed of rotor output bigger in this way；The work(of motor Rate density is able to larger raising.

It, by above-mentioned current direction according to the in due course reversal connection of phase angle, can also be obtained larger when needing motor braking Brake force.

Due to not being inlaid with permanent magnetic strip or magnet steel on rotor as the prior art, the prior art is also just overcome Rotor non-refractory, intolerant to high speed centrifugation power the shortcomings that, higher breakaway torque easy to implement, higher power density, compared with Low starting current, higher maximum (top) speed, can adapt to wide range rotating speed and the motor of torque variation at higher Wen Sheng.

Therefore, the motor of the technical program can realize run at high speed, its controllability is significantly better than the prior art.Especially Various electro-motive vehicles is suitble to be used as driving motor.Thinking according to the present invention, those of ordinary skill easily obtain：Using solid The motor of fixed pattern rotor field winding, the stator of permanent magnetic core can be also inner stator structure type, form internal stator type motor； It may be side stator structure form, form side stator motor, which is not described herein again.

Embodiment 12

As shown in figure 30, have to belong to the three-phase of first aspect present invention and multiple centralized stator winding are distributed on circumference Outer stator type motor axial cross-sectional views, in figure：

3400 rotor shaft positions

3401 A/B/C phases magnetic pole of the stator (axially aligning)

3402 rotor magnetic core tank circuit positions (outer groove of rotor magnetic core)

3403 A phase rotor magnetic poles

3404 C phase rotor magnetic poles

3405 B phase rotor magnetic poles

The method that the rotor magnetic pole of the out of phase of the motor uses axial series split-phase, In the view of axial：Out of phase Rotor magnetic pole be located at different angle positions, adjacent phase rotor magnetic pole interval angles meet three phase electric machine split-phase angle will It asks.

Different alternate stator cores are using the axial method connection with angle series connection, so In the view of axial：Different phases The rotor magnetic pole of position is located at identical angle position.

Can also take rotor magnetic pole be aligned and stator magnetic pole shaft to series connection angle split-phase method, naturally it is also possible to be Other angles, as long as meeting alternate phase difference.

Embodiment 13

As shown in figure 31, show to belong to the three-phase circumferential direction stator winding outer stator type motor side section of second aspect of the present invention It is intended to, which is not described herein again for operation principle.In figure：

3301 A phase rotor magnetic cores

3302 B phase rotor magnetic cores

3303 C phase rotor magnetic cores

3304 A phase stator cores

3305 B phase stator cores

3306 C phase stator cores

The fixed rotor field winding of 3307 A phases

The fixed rotor field winding of 3308 B phases

The fixed rotor field winding of 3309 C phases

The circumferential winding of 33091 A phase stators

The circumferential winding of 33092 B phase stators

The circumferential winding of 33093 C phase stators

33094 A phase stator winding lead-out wires

33095 B phase stator winding lead-out wires

33096 C phase stator winding lead-out wires

33097 A phase rotor windings lead-out wires

33098 B phase rotor windings lead-out wires

33099 C phase rotor windings lead-out wires

Fourth aspect, embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of controlling party of motor according to the control process of aforementioned motor Method, applied to the polyphase machine with fixed rotor field winding,

When the exciting current of a certain phase stator winding connection first direction, the magnetic pole of the stator of the phase is to rotor magnetic Pole generates magnetic pull, and the exciting current that the stator winding of other phases is appropriately energized second direction makes the stators of other phases Pole pair rotor magnetic pole generates magnetic thrust, i.e., what described first direction exciting current generated rotor magnetic pole with corresponding magnetic pole of the stator Magnetic pull is corresponding, and the second direction exciting current is corresponding with the magnetic thrust that corresponding magnetic pole of the stator generates rotor magnetic pole, Make the magnetic pull and the effective Downward addition of magnetic thrust that out of phase magnetic pole of the stator generates on rotor magnetic pole, tend to joint efforts and drive Force direction is consistent, for passing through the driving torque and power of the magnetic flux density increase motor output for improving magnetic pole；

5th aspect, embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of controlling party of motor according to the control process of aforementioned motor Method, applied to the polyphase machine with fixed rotor field winding,

Embodiment is not limitation of the present invention merely to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, the general skill in this field The art personnel other embodiment that thinking obtains according to the present invention also belongs to the protection domain that claims of the present invention is limited.

Claims

1. a kind of motor with fixed rotor field winding, including stator, rotor, rotor field winding, the stator and The support member and electronic control system of rotor, which is characterized in that

The stator includes stator core and stator winding, and the stator core is outer stator type exciting type stator core/or is Internal stator type exciting type stator core/is side stator exciting type stator core, is had on the stator core circumference multiple Magnetic pole of the stator；

When the motor stator magnetic core is outer stator type stator core or is internal stator type stator core, the magnetic pole of the stator point It is not uniformly distributed on two parallel circumference, centralized stator winding or each two face is wound on each magnetic pole of the stator Yoke portion between magnetic pole of the stator is wound with centralized stator winding；

When the motor stator magnetic core is side stator stator core, the magnetic pole of the stator is equal in two concentric circumferences respectively Even distribution, the yoke portion being wound between centralized stator winding or each two magnetic pole of the stator on each magnetic pole of the stator are wound with centralization Stator winding；

The rotor includes rotor magnetic core, has the slot opened along the rotor magnetic core circumferencial direction, institute on the rotor magnetic core The trend for stating slot is the circumferencial direction being axially and radially respectively perpendicular with the rotor, when the motor with the rotor engagement is determined When sub- magnetic core is outer stator type stator core or is internal stator type stator core, the notch both sides circumference of the slot of the rotor magnetic core Parallel two circumference where with the magnetic pole of the stator is corresponding, and rotor magnetic is distributed in the notch both sides even circumferential of the slot Pole, there are air gaps between the rotor magnetic pole and the magnetic pole of the stator；When with the motor stator magnetic core of the rotor engagement be side During stator stator core, notch both sides circumference and two concentric circles where the magnetic pole of the stator of the slot of the rotor magnetic core Week is corresponding, and the notch both sides even circumferential of the slot is distributed with rotor magnetic pole, the rotor magnetic pole and the magnetic pole of the stator it Between there are air gaps；

The rotor field winding is mutually fixed with the motor stator or with the housing position of motor, forms fixed rotor field Winding, for accommodating the rotor field winding, the rotor field winding is the slot that the rotor magnetic core circumferencial direction is opened The circumferential winding of the round loop construction concentric with the rotor of single line coiling or parallel winding of multiple coils, the rotor field winding Effective working circumference is stretched into the slot between the rotor magnetic pole, and there are gas between the rotor field winding and the slot Gap, contactless friction between the rotor and fixed rotor field winding when rotating the rotor；

Under being controlled in the electronic control system,

The stator core is made to be magnetized during the stator winding electrifying, the rotor field winding makes the rotor magnetic when being powered Core is magnetized, and the notch both sides circumference of the slot is geomagnetic into synonyms pole and passes through the rotor magnetic pole guiding magnetic field, with institute The magnetic field interaction for stating magnetic pole of the stator generates the electromagnetic torque driving rotor rotation on the rotor magnetic pole,

Or

2. a kind of motor with fixed rotor field winding, including stator, rotor, rotor field winding, the stator and The support member and electronic control system of rotor, which is characterized in that

The stator includes stator core and stator winding, and the stator core is outer stator type exciting type stator core/or is Internal stator type exciting type stator core/is side stator exciting type stator core, is had on the stator core circumference multiple Magnetic pole of the stator, has the slot opened along the stator core circumferencial direction on the stator core, and the trend of the slot is and institute The circumferencial direction being axially and radially respectively perpendicular of rotor is stated, magnetic pole of the stator is distributed in the notch both sides even circumferential of the slot, When the motor stator magnetic core is outer stator type stator core or is internal stator type stator core, the magnetic pole of the stator is parallel Two circumference on be uniformly distributed, when the motor stator magnetic core be side stator stator core when, the magnetic pole of the stator is two It is uniformly distributed in a concentric circumferences, for the slot for placing the stator winding, the stator winding is single line coiling or multi-thread And around round loop construction circumferential winding；

The rotor includes rotor magnetic core, has the slot opened along the rotor magnetic core circumferencial direction, institute on the rotor magnetic core The trend for stating slot is the circumferencial direction being axially and radially respectively perpendicular with the rotor, when the motor with the rotor engagement is determined When sub- magnetic core is outer stator type stator core or is internal stator type stator core, the notch both sides circumference of the slot of the rotor magnetic core Parallel two circumference where with the magnetic pole of the stator is corresponding, and rotor magnetic is distributed in the notch both sides even circumferential of the slot Pole, the rotor magnetic pole is equal with the magnetic pole of the stator number, and there are air gaps between the rotor magnetic pole and the magnetic pole of the stator； When being side stator stator core with the motor stator magnetic core of the rotor engagement, the notch both sides of the slot of the rotor magnetic core Circumference is corresponding with two concentric circumferences where the magnetic pole of the stator, and rotor is distributed in the notch both sides even circumferential of the slot Magnetic pole, the rotor magnetic pole is equal with the magnetic pole of the stator number, and there are gas between the rotor magnetic pole and the magnetic pole of the stator Gap；

Under being controlled in the electronic control system,

The stator core is made to be magnetized during the stator winding electrifying, the notch both sides circumference of the stator core slot is magnetized For synonyms pole and pass through the magnetic pole of the stator guiding magnetic field；The rotor field winding makes the rotor magnetic core by magnetic when being powered To change, the notch both sides circumference of the rotor magnetic core slot is geomagnetic into synonyms pole and passes through the rotor magnetic pole guiding magnetic field, with The magnetic field interaction of the magnetic pole of the stator generates electromagnetic torque on the rotor magnetic pole and drives the rotor rotation,

Or

3. a kind of motor with fixed rotor field winding, including stator, rotor, rotor field winding, the stator and The support member and electronic control system of rotor, which is characterized in that

The stator include stator core, the stator core be outer stator type permanent-magnet type stator core/or be internal stator type forever Magnetic-type stator core/is side stator permanent-magnet type stator core, has multiple permanent-magnet material systems on the stator core circumference Into magnetic pole of the stator；

When the motor stator magnetic core is outer stator type stator core or is internal stator type stator core, the magnetic pole of the stator exists It is uniformly distributed on two parallel circumference；

When the motor stator magnetic core is side stator stator core, the magnetic pole of the stator uniformly divides in two concentric circumferences Cloth；

Under being controlled in the electronic control system,

The rotor field winding makes the rotor magnetic core be magnetized when being powered, and the notch both sides circumference of the slot is geomagnetic into different Name magnetic pole simultaneously passes through the rotor magnetic pole guiding magnetic field, and the magnetic field interaction with the magnetic pole of the stator is on the rotor magnetic pole It generates electromagnetic torque and drives the rotor rotation,

Or

For the fixed rotor field winding being made to generate induced electromotive force by the variation in magnetic field when the rotor is rotated.

4. the motor according to claim 2 with fixed rotor field winding, which is characterized in that the motor is determined Sub- winding and rotor field winding are integrated,

When the motor stator magnetic core is outer stator type stator core or is internal stator type stator core, the stator winding and Rotor field winding is concentric-ring pattern integral structure, and the stator winding is stretched into the slot of the stator core, the rotor Winding is stretched into the slot of the rotor magnetic core；

When the motor stator magnetic core is side stator stator core, the stator winding and rotor field winding are parallel circle Formula integral structure, the stator winding are stretched into the slot of the stator core, and the rotor windings stretch into the rotor magnetic core Slot in.

5. the motor according to claim 4 with fixed rotor field winding, which is characterized in that the rotor field Winding and the stator winding merge into same winding or the rotor field winding and the stator winding is merged into pumping The winding of head.

6. the motor according to any one of claim 1 to 5 with fixed rotor field winding, which is characterized in that The motor is the polyphase machine of axial phase.

7. the motor according to any one of claim 1 to 6 with fixed rotor field winding, which is characterized in that The rotor field winding of the motor is two or more circumferential windings, for being connected in different rotor field windings The rotor magnetic pole is made to generate the magnetic field of opposed polarity or the magnetic field of varying strength when different directions or different size of electric current.

8. a kind of control method of motor, applied to the polyphase machine with fixed rotor field winding, which is characterized in that

Controlling party when motor for when generating driving force, being commutated using the electric current between the stator winding of out of phase in due course Method,

When the exciting current of a certain phase stator winding connection first direction, the magnetic pole of the stator of the phase produces rotor magnetic pole Magnetisation pulling force, the exciting current that the stator winding of other phases is appropriately energized second direction make the magnetic pole of the stator of other phases Magnetic thrust is generated to rotor magnetic pole, i.e., described first direction exciting current draws the magnetic that rotor magnetic pole generates with corresponding magnetic pole of the stator Power is corresponding, and the second direction exciting current is corresponding with the magnetic thrust that corresponding magnetic pole of the stator generates rotor magnetic pole, makes not The magnetic pull and the effective Downward addition of magnetic thrust that same-phase magnetic pole of the stator generates on rotor magnetic pole, tend to and driving force side with joint efforts To consistent, for passing through the driving torque and power of the magnetic flux density increase motor output for improving magnetic pole；

When the exciting current of a certain phase stator winding connection third direction, the magnetic pole of the stator of a certain phase is to rotor magnetic Pole generates magnetic thrust, and the exciting current that the stator winding of other phases is appropriately energized fourth direction makes the stators of other phases Pole pair rotor magnetic pole generates magnetic pull, i.e., what described third direction exciting current generated rotor magnetic pole with corresponding magnetic pole of the stator Magnetic thrust is corresponding, and the fourth direction exciting current is corresponding with the magnetic pull that corresponding magnetic pole of the stator generates rotor magnetic pole, Magnetic pull that out of phase magnetic pole of the stator generates on rotor magnetic pole and magnetic thrust is made effectively to be superimposed in the same direction, tends to joint efforts and brakes Force direction is consistent, for increasing the drag torque of motor.

9. a kind of control method of motor, applied to the motor with fixed rotor field winding, which is characterized in that

When motor for generate driving force when, using the rotor when in different phase angle ranges to described turn The exciting current of sub- magnetic field winding carries out commutation opportunity control, the rotor when the rotor is in first phase angular range Magnetic field winding, which passes to first direction exciting current, to be made to generate magnetic pull between the rotor magnetic pole and the magnetic pole of the stator, when described Rotor when being in second phase angular range the rotor field winding pass to second direction exciting current and make the rotor magnetic pole Between the magnetic pole of the stator generate magnetic thrust, make the rotor when in different phase angle ranges with magnetic pole of the stator it Between the magnetic pull that generates and the effective Downward addition of magnetic thrust, tend to be consistent with driving force direction with joint efforts, for passing through raising magnetic pole Magnetic flux density increase motor output driving torque and power；

When motor for generate brake force when, using the rotor when in different phase angle ranges to described turn The exciting current of sub- magnetic field winding carries out commutation opportunity control, the rotor when the rotor is in first phase angular range Magnetic field winding, which passes to second direction exciting current, to be made to generate magnetic thrust between the rotor magnetic pole and the magnetic pole of the stator, when described Rotor when being in second phase angular range the rotor field winding pass to first direction exciting current and make the rotor magnetic pole Generate magnetic pull between the magnetic pole of the stator, make the rotor when in different phase angle ranges with magnetic pole of the stator it Between the magnetic thrust that generates and magnetic pull be effectively superimposed in the same direction, tend to be consistent with braking force direction with joint efforts, for increasing the resistance of motor Power torque.