CN108232264A - It is a kind of handle kitchen garbage without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor - Google Patents
It is a kind of handle kitchen garbage without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN108232264A CN108232264A CN201810025613.9A CN201810025613A CN108232264A CN 108232264 A CN108232264 A CN 108232264A CN 201810025613 A CN201810025613 A CN 201810025613A CN 108232264 A CN108232264 A CN 108232264A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/16—Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of processing kitchen garbage without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor, belong to field of environment protection.The invention aims to solve the problems, such as the prior art, there are environmental pollutions.Reactor, including：Top plate, pedestal, stainless steel cylinder, carbon brush, Pt/C Catalytic Layers and carbon-based diffusion layer；Carbon-based diffusion layer is fixed on the stainless steel cylinder madial wall, Pt/C Catalytic Layers are connect with carbon-based diffusion layer；Top plate and pedestal is fixedly mounted in stainless steel cylinder both ends respectively, and the cavity that three is formed is electrode chamber；Carbon brush passes through electrode groove and electrode jack standing upright；The present invention realizes synchronous electrogenesis while the organic matter of degradation reason kitchen garbage；Both the drawbacks of having overcome traditional Method of Food Wastes Disposal also fundamentally alleviates environmental pollution and the problem of energy shortages.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing kitchen garbage without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor, belong to environmentally friendly neck
Domain.
Background technology
With urban life facility and the improvement of living conditions, situation of the previous municipal refuse based on ashes, cinder etc.
Thorough variation has occurred, the yield of kitchen garbage has increased trend year by year.Kitchen garbage is family, hotel, restaurant etc.
The general designation of remaining food that eating and drinking establishment is abandoned.At present in countries in the world majority cities rubbish about 40% be kitchen garbage,
Mainly include rice and flour group food remnants, vegetables, vegetable oil, animal oil, fish-bone, fishbone etc..Its chemical composition predominantly forms sediment
Powder, cellulose, protein, lipid and inorganic salts etc..Kitchen garbage has following features：
First, the content of organics such as crude protein and crude fibre are higher (respectively to account for 16.73% He of kitchen garbage dried object
2.52%), value of exploiting and utilizing is larger, but perishable and generate stench；
Second is that moisture content is high (mass fraction of water is more than 80%), it is not easy to collect transport, calorific value is low, deals with improperly easily
Generate the secondary pollutions such as Leachate site；
Third, (NaCl contents are up to for oils (crude fat accounts for the 28.82% of kitchen garbage dried object) and salts substances
1.239%) content is higher than other house refuses, larger to resource product qualitative effects, needs to deal carefully with.
These four Method of Food Wastes Disposal of direct emission, aerobic compost, anaerobic fermentation, Vermicomposting are all China's processing
The common mode of kitchen garbage, but still generally existing kitchen garbage keeps fowls or refines hogwash fat phenomenon at present, " rubbish pig "
A series of security risks brought with gutter oil problem seriously endanger the life security of people.Have from 2,000 one 2011 years China
From the point of view of closing statistical analysis (Chinese core journals) of the kitchen garbage processing with utilizing document, with aerobic fermentation and anaerobic digestion techniques
Processing kitchen garbage is increasingly becoming research emphasis and in rising trend.Kitchen garbage keeps fowls to be roughly divided into and directly feeds and make
2 kinds of protein feed, wherein the phenomenon that directly nursing is a kind of more universal, has safety and sanitation hidden danger；Protein feed processed point is xeothermic
Treatment technology, damp and hot technology for hydrolyzing and high-temperature aerobic fermentation technology are a kind of utilization ways of better economic benefit, but due to mesh
The preceding country there is no respective standard and for the worry to homology, which is not promoted effectively.Because of China's kitchen garbage
Do not accomplish effectively to classify, lead to that the kitchen garbage quantity of collection and disposition is few, poor quality, and kitchen garbage have high oil (1%~
5%) the features such as (1%~3%) and high-moisture percentage (70%~90%), with high salt, and containing a large amount of easy in these kitchen garbages
The organic substance being degraded by microorganisms, traditional processing mode and facility treatment effect are unsatisfactory, and there are processing cost height, heaps
It is fat to imitate the low and low problem of anaerobic methane production rate.Meanwhile the problem of also tending to generation environment pollution.
Invention content
The invention aims to solve the problems, such as the prior art, there are environmental pollutions, provide a kind of processing kitchen garbage
Without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor.
The present invention seeks to what is be achieved through the following technical solutions.
It is a kind of handle kitchen garbage without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor, including：It is top plate, pedestal, stainless
Steel cylinder, carbon brush, Pt/C Catalytic Layers and carbon-based diffusion layer；
Top plate is pied geometry of the band there are two annular convex platform；Electrode jack is provided at roof center；Annular boss is set
There are gas vent and outage；
Pedestal is pied geometry of the band there are two annular convex platform；Electrode groove is provided at roof center；Annular boss is set
There are inlet opening and air admission hole；
Stainless steel cylinder is cylindrical structure, and through-hole is offered on barrel；
Carbon-based diffusion layer is fixed on the stainless steel cylinder madial wall, Pt/C Catalytic Layers are connect with carbon-based diffusion layer；No
Top plate and pedestal is fixedly mounted in rust steel cylinder both ends respectively, and the cavity that three is formed is electrode chamber；Carbon brush by electrode groove and
Electrode jack standing upright, does not lead to short circuit with cathode contacts；
The stainless steel cylinder is fixedly mounted with top plate and pedestal by adhesive；
The gas vent, outage, inlet opening and air inlet position are equipped with straight-through adapter；
Top plate, pedestal material use organic glass；
Stainless steel cylinder material uses 304 stainless steels；
Pt/C Catalytic Layers are coated with the mixture of perfluorinated sulfonic acid solution and platinum carbon powder for inner surface, perfluorinated sulfonic acid solution it is molten
Matter and platinum carbon powder additive amount mass ratio are 1:3-1:4；
Carbon-based diffusion layer is coated with graphite powder and polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion mixture for outer surface.Graphite powder and polytetrafluoroethyl-ne
Alkene dispersion liquid solute additive amount mass ratio is 200:1-220:1；
The course of work：Kitchen waste inlet opening enters electrode chamber, anaerobic bacteria strain is added in electrode chamber, and be attached to
Anode carbon brush surface, is fixed on electrode chamber.Microorganism is degraded kitchen garbage in metabolic process, generates electronics and proton, electronics
Cathode carbon cloth surfaces are transmitted to by dispatch from foreign news agency line conductor, the proton that metabolic process generates directly is transmitted to cathode carbon by electrolyte
Cloth surface, electrode chamber is interior to blast nitrogen holding anaerobic environment by air admission hole, in the effect of the platinum catalyst of cathode carbon cloth surfaces
Under, oxygen, proton and electron reaction generate water, complete entire electricity generation process.Due to the continuous transmission of electronics, external circuit is formed
Electric current.Meanwhile degradable content of organics can also be reduced with the progress of reaction in kitchen garbage, realize kitchen garbage
" turning waste into wealth "；
The kitchen garbage amount is the 80-90% of electrode reaction chamber vol.
Advantageous effect
1) a kind of processing kitchen garbage of the invention without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor, in degradation reason meal
Synchronous electrogenesis is realized while the organic matter of kitchen rubbish；Both the drawbacks of having overcome traditional Method of Food Wastes Disposal, also from basic
The problem of upper alleviation environmental pollution and energy shortages；
2) a kind of processing kitchen garbage of the invention without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor, using no diaphragm
Technology eliminates proton exchange membrane, without regularly replacing electrolyte, reduces project cost；
3) a kind of processing kitchen garbage of the invention without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor, main body is using circle
Column type, for two Room of negative and positive apart from small, the internal resistance of cell is small, and power is high；
4) a kind of processing kitchen garbage of the invention without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor, air admission hole direction
Vertical with battery bottom, gas enters electrode chamber from bottom to top, can play the role of stirring to electrolyte, increase anaerobic bacteria with
Carbon brush collision probability；
5) a kind of processing kitchen garbage of the invention without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor, it is compact-sized,
It is at low cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the enlarged cross-sectional view after being assembled without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell；
Fig. 2 is this without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell top plate member schematic diagram；A is top plate left view；B is top plate
Graphics；
Fig. 3 is this without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell base assembly schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is this without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell stainless steel barrel assemblies schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is this without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell anodic-cathodic component diagram；
Fig. 6 changes over time figure for this without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell open-circuit voltage；
Fig. 7 changes over time figure for this without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell open-circuit current；
Fig. 8 is this without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell power circuit test chart；
Fig. 9 for this without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell power density with current density change figure；
Figure 10 for this without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell to the removal rate figure of COD.
In figure：1-gas vent, 2-electrode jack, 3-outage, 4-top plate, 5-adhesive, 6-Pt/C catalysis
Layer, 7-carbon-based diffusion layer, 8-carbon brush, 9-electrode chamber, 10-stainless steel cylinder, 11-inlet opening, 12-electrode groove,
13-air admission hole, 14-pedestal.
Specific embodiment
In order to better illustrate objects and advantages of the present invention, invention content is done further with example below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
Explanation.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment is fired for a kind of processing kitchen garbage of experimental study without film cylindrical microbiological
Expect cell reaction device, it is a kind of handle kitchen garbage without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor, including：Top plate 4, pedestal
14th, stainless steel cylinder 10, carbon brush 8, Pt/C Catalytic Layers 6 and carbon-based diffusion layer 7；
Top plate 4 is pied geometry of the band there are two annular convex platform；Top plate is provided with electrode jack 2 at 4 center；Annular boss
Equipped with gas vent 1 and outage 3；As shown in Figure 2 a and 2 b；
Pedestal 14 is pied geometry of the band there are two annular convex platform；Top plate is provided with electrode groove 12 at 4 center；Annular is convex
Platform is equipped with inlet opening 11 and air admission hole 13；As shown in Figure 3；
Stainless steel cylinder 10 is cylindrical structure, and through-hole is offered on barrel；As shown in Figure 4；
Carbon-based diffusion layer 7 is fixed on 10 madial wall of stainless steel cylinder, Pt/C Catalytic Layers 6 connect with carbon-based diffusion layer 7
It connects；Top plate 4 and pedestal 14 is fixedly mounted in 10 both ends of stainless steel cylinder respectively, and the cavity that three is formed is electrode chamber 9；Carbon brush 8 is logical
2 standing upright of electrode groove 12 and electrode jack is crossed, does not lead to short circuit with cathode contacts；
Electrode chamber is the cylinder that internal diameter is 5 centimetres, and wall thickness is 2 millimeters, and reative cell length is 5 centimetres, inlet opening, air inlet
Hole, a diameter of 6 millimeters of outage and gas vent, 4 millimeters of electrode jack；
In the carbon brush, cathode carbon cloth as shown in Fig. 5 c, Fig. 5 d；
Carbon-based diffusion layer is fixed on the stainless steel cylinder madial wall, Pt/C Catalytic Layers are connect with carbon-based diffusion layer；No
Top plate and pedestal is fixedly mounted in rust steel cylinder both ends respectively, and the cavity that three is formed is electrode chamber；Carbon brush by electrode groove and
Electrode jack standing upright, does not lead to short circuit with cathode contacts；
The stainless steel cylinder is fixedly mounted with top plate and pedestal by adhesive；
The gas vent, outage, inlet opening and air inlet position are equipped with straight-through adapter；
Pt/C Catalytic Layers are coated with the mixture of perfluorinated sulfonic acid solution and platinum carbon powder for inner surface, and specific manufacture craft is such as
Under：
1. the carbon cloth of one piece of 17cm × 4cm is cut with scale and replaceable blade utility knife；
2. the platinum carbon powder using electronic balance weighing 170mg 20% is added in plastic sample bottle, it is separately added into 141.1
The aqueous isopropanol of the deionized water of μ L, the 5%Nafion solution of 1133.9 μ L and 567 μ L, stir into paste；
3. pasty mixture is evenly coated in carbon cloth one side using pencil, another side does not process；
4. it is using binding agent that carbon cloth is end to end, form the cylindric Pt/C Catalytic Layers of a diameter of 5cm；
Carbon-based diffusion layer is coated with graphite powder and polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion mixture for outer surface.Specific manufacture craft is such as
Under：
1. the carbon cloth of one piece of 17cm × 4cm is cut with scale and replaceable blade utility knife；
2. being put into plastic sample bottle using electronic balance weighing 107mg carbon blacks, 848 μ L are added in using miniature liquid-transfering gun
60% polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion, cover bottle stopper, stir 20 seconds；
3. mixed solution to be gently coated in the one side of carbon cloth using pencil, another side is without any processing；
It air-dries 2 hours, is placed at 370 DEG C of vacuum drying oven 4. the carbon cloth coated is placed on cardboard, heated 30 minutes；
5. 60% polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion is applied to carbon cloth using pencil after taking out carbon cloth, air-dry 10 minutes；
6. carbon cloth is placed in 370 DEG C of vacuum drying oven, heat 30 minutes.Repeat 5.~6. step three times, add 4 stratas four altogether
Vinyl fluoride coating；
7. it is using binding agent that carbon cloth is end to end, form the carbon-based diffusion layer of cylindrical shape of a diameter of 5cm.
It is by the method that the reactor is used to handle kitchen garbage：Start microbiological fuel cell with remaining meal rubbish, connect
Kind sludge is derived from the anaerobic sludge in university of Beijing Institute of Technology wastewater treatment process, and 5ml is taken to add in 500ml battalion as inoculation liquid
Nutrient solution, the composition of nutrient solution are school canteen rib soup, the 6g/LNa of volume fraction 10%2HPO4·12H20、3g/LKH2PO4、
1g/L NH4Cl、1g/L NaCl、1mmol MgSO4、 0.1mmol CaCl2, addition is the 85% of anode reaction chamber vol.
The resistance starting of external 10000 Ω first leads to 30 minutes nitrogen in electrode chamber to ensure strictly anaerobic in anode chamber, then to electrode
Room adds in anaerobic sludge, and anaerobic sludge amount is the 1/10 of rib soup total volume.When voltage drops to 50 millivolts, an as week
Phase replaces electrolyte solution at this time, starts next cycle.This experiment is passed through three periods, and microbiological fuel cell output is steady
Fixed voltage, as shown in fig. 6, output maximum open circuit voltage is 470mv, as shown in fig. 7, the maximum open-circuit current of output is
0.24mA, according to Fig. 8 circuit connecting mode measured power density, test result as shown in figure 9, under 4000 Ω resistance microorganism
The peak power output density of fuel cell is 1.69mw/m2.Illustrate the electricity generation performance of microbial fuel cell of this experimental construction
Well.
The decline degree of kitchen waste microbiological fuel cell COD value before and after the processing can reflect Microbial fuel electricity
Pond is to kitchen garbage processing capacity.After microbiological fuel cell successfully starts up, its removal rate to COD is surveyed, is vented from electrode chamber
Hole takes anodic dissolution to survey COD.The sample frequency of COD is per once, assay method uses national standard HJ 828-2017 water for 24 hours
Matter-COD determination _ potassium dichromate method.Microbiological fuel cell of the present invention to the removal rate of COD as shown in Figure 10, by
Attached drawing 10 by the final removal rate of 9 days COD it can be seen that reach maximum 89%.
Above-described specific descriptions have carried out further specifically the purpose, technical solution and advantageous effect of invention
It is bright, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, the protection model being not intended to limit the present invention
It encloses, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (7)
1. it is a kind of handle kitchen garbage without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor, it is characterised in that：Including：Top plate
(4), pedestal (14), stainless steel cylinder (10), carbon brush (8), Pt/C Catalytic Layers (6) and carbon-based diffusion layer (7)；
Top plate (4) is pied geometry of the band there are two annular convex platform；Electrode jack (2) is provided at top plate (4) center；Annular is convex
Platform is equipped with gas vent (1) and outage (3)；
Pedestal (14) is pied geometry of the band there are two annular convex platform；Electrode groove (12) is provided at top plate (4) center；Annular
Boss is equipped with inlet opening (11) and air admission hole (13)；
Stainless steel cylinder (10) is cylindrical structure, and through-hole is offered on barrel；
Carbon-based diffusion layer (7), Pt/C Catalytic Layers (6) and carbon-based diffusion layer are fixed on stainless steel cylinder (10) madial wall
(7) it connects；Top plate (4) and pedestal (14) is fixedly mounted in stainless steel cylinder (10) both ends respectively, and the cavity that three is formed is electrode
Room (9)；Carbon brush (8) does not lead to short circuit by electrode groove (12) and electrode jack (2) standing upright with cathode contacts.
2. it is as described in claim 1 it is a kind of handle kitchen garbage without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor, it is special
Sign is：The stainless steel cylinder (10) is fixedly mounted with top plate (4) and pedestal (14) by adhesive (5).
3. it is as described in claim 1 it is a kind of handle kitchen garbage without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor, it is special
Sign is：Straight-through adapter is installed at the gas vent (1), outage (3), inlet opening (11) and air admission hole (13).
4. it is as described in claim 1 it is a kind of handle kitchen garbage without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor, it is special
Sign is：The top plate (4), pedestal (14) material use organic glass；Stainless steel cylinder (10) material is stainless using 304
Steel.
5. it is as described in claim 1 it is a kind of handle kitchen garbage without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor, it is special
Sign is：The inner surface of the Pt/C Catalytic Layers (6) is coated with the mixture of perfluorinated sulfonic acid solution and platinum carbon powder, and perfluorinated sulfonic acid is molten
The solute of liquid and the mass ratio of platinum carbon powder additive amount are 15:1-20:1.
6. it is as described in claim 1 it is a kind of handle kitchen garbage without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor, it is special
Sign is：The outer surface of the carbon-based diffusion layer (7) is coated with graphite powder and polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion mixture；Graphite powder and poly-
The mass ratio of tetrafluoroethene dispersion liquid additive amount is 11:1-15:1.
7. the method that the reactor described in above-mentioned any one claim is used to handle kitchen garbage, it is characterised in that：Side
Method is：Food waste percolate enters electrode chamber through inlet opening, anaerobic bacteria strain is added in electrode chamber, and be attached to anode carbon
Surface is brushed, is fixed on electrode chamber；Microorganism is degraded food waste percolate in metabolic process, generates electronics and proton, electronics
Cathode carbon cloth surfaces are transmitted to by dispatch from foreign news agency line conductor, the proton that metabolic process generates directly is transmitted to cathode carbon by electrolyte
Cloth surface, electrode chamber is interior to blast nitrogen holding anaerobic environment by air admission hole, in the effect of the platinum catalyst of cathode carbon cloth surfaces
Under, oxygen, proton and electron reaction generation water complete entire electricity generation process；Due to the continuous transmission of electronics, external circuit is formed
Electric current；Meanwhile degradable content of organics can also be reduced with the progress of reaction in kitchen garbage, be realized to kitchen garbage
Processing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810025613.9A CN108232264A (en) | 2018-01-11 | 2018-01-11 | It is a kind of handle kitchen garbage without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810025613.9A CN108232264A (en) | 2018-01-11 | 2018-01-11 | It is a kind of handle kitchen garbage without film cylindrical microbiological fuel cell reactor |
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| CN108232264A true CN108232264A (en) | 2018-06-29 |
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ID=62640893
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080292912A1 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2008-11-27 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Electrodes and methods for microbial fuel cells |
| CN101916873A (en) * | 2010-08-18 | 2010-12-15 | 天津理工大学 | Cylindrical microbiological fuel cell |
| CN103165931A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-06-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method of disposing kitchen waste and recovering electric power with air cathode microbial fuel cell |
-
2018
- 2018-01-11 CN CN201810025613.9A patent/CN108232264A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080292912A1 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2008-11-27 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Electrodes and methods for microbial fuel cells |
| CN101916873A (en) * | 2010-08-18 | 2010-12-15 | 天津理工大学 | Cylindrical microbiological fuel cell |
| CN103165931A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-06-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method of disposing kitchen waste and recovering electric power with air cathode microbial fuel cell |
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Application publication date: 20180629 |