CN108226994A - Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast System - Google Patents

Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast System Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108226994A
CN108226994A CN201810011823.2A CN201810011823A CN108226994A CN 108226994 A CN108226994 A CN 108226994A CN 201810011823 A CN201810011823 A CN 201810011823A CN 108226994 A CN108226994 A CN 108226994A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
support column
protection pipe
housing
spring
pipe
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN201810011823.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张建
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Chengdu Point Point Technology Co Ltd
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Chengdu Point Point Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810011823.2A priority Critical patent/CN108226994A/en
Publication of CN108226994A publication Critical patent/CN108226994A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/01Measuring or predicting earthquakes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/16Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
    • G01V1/168Deployment of receiver elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/16Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
    • G01V1/18Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V2210/00Details of seismic processing or analysis
    • G01V2210/10Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
    • G01V2210/12Signal generation
    • G01V2210/123Passive source, e.g. microseismics
    • G01V2210/1232Earthquakes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V2210/00Details of seismic processing or analysis
    • G01V2210/10Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
    • G01V2210/14Signal detection
    • G01V2210/144Signal detection with functionally associated receivers, e.g. hydrophone and geophone pairs

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast Systems, and including housing, support column, water inlet pipe and outlet pipe, the top of housing is dome structure, and the center of housing lower surface is installed with hanging column, and hanging column is connect with each support column by connecting rod;The protection pipe of upward opening is further included, support column bottom end passes through the opening on protection pipe top and stretches into inside protection pipe, and protection pipe is coaxial with support column, 1.5~2 times of a diameter of support column diameter of protection pipe top end opening;Support column bottom end is connected by the bottom of second spring and protection pipe, and the side of support column is connected by the first spring and the inner wall of protection pipe.The top design of housing is dome structure by the present invention so that object is not easy to accumulate in case top, so as to reduce due to substance stacks and caused by the inclined probability of prediction meanss, while dome structure reduces windage so that housing is influenced to reduce by wind-force.

Description

Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast System
Technical field
The present invention relates to earthquake prediction apparatus fields, and in particular to Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast System.
Background technology
Earthquake be also known as earthquake, vibrate, be vibration caused by during earth's crust quick release of energy, during which can generate earthquake A kind of natural phenomena of wave.Mutual extrusion and collision between plate and plate on the earth causes edge of plate and plate interiors to generate The changing of the relative positions and rupture are the main reason for causing earthquake.
According to statistics, the annual earthquake that more than 500 ten thousand secondary earthquakes about occur, i.e., up to ten thousand times to occur daily on the earth.Wherein absolutely It is most of too small or too far, so that people are imperceptible;It can cause the earthquake about one of especially severe disaster twice.Earthquake Caused disaster may be huge, therefore how predict that earthquake is always that scientists are wanted to solve the problems, such as.
At present, predict that the mode of earthquake is various, one of which is to judge certain by monitoring the variation of ground inclination degree Whether the soil in one region generates movement, and this earthquake prediction apparatus is generally positioned at the more complicated mountain area of landform.It is multiple in mountain area Miscellaneous environment such as strong wind, wild animal, which are hit, may cause the irreversible inclination of prediction earthquake-predictive device generation, and such earthquake Prediction meanss mainly judge it is mobile whether soil generates by ground inclination degree, therefore it is not smart to be easy to cause measurement Really, forecasting inaccuracy is true.Moreover, the support column of earthquake prediction apparatus is not protected reasonably, in soil extrusion process In be easily damaged, fracture, increase maintenance frequency, be unfavorable for the prolonged alpine terrain monitoring of equipment.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast System, to solve in the prior art in complex environment In easily generate irreversible inclination and lead to measure that inaccurate, forecasting inaccuracy is true and frequency of maintenance is high, can not put for a long time The problem of being monitored in mountain area.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast System including housing, is fixedly connected with four support columns below the housing, on housing Water inlet pipe and outlet pipe are connected with, the top of the housing is dome structure, and the center of housing lower surface is installed with Hanging column, the hanging column are connect with each support column by connecting rod;The protection pipe of upward opening is further included, support column bottom end is worn The opening at overprotection tube top end and stretch into inside protection pipe, protection pipe is coaxial with support column, protection pipe top end opening it is a diameter of Support 1.5~2 times of column diameter;Support column bottom end is connected by the bottom of second spring and protection pipe, and the side of support column leads to The inner wall for crossing the first spring and protection pipe connects.
Earthquake prediction apparatus of the prior art there are problems that.For example, when the wind-force of region is stronger, due to Using rigid connection between prediction meanss and its support column, larger be likely to occur of stress that support column is subject to fractures, Huo Zhezhi Ground movement around dagger, causes prediction meanss irreversibly to tilt;Or the attack of animal causes device generation can not Inverse inclination.Device can just be safeguarded after a certain period, do not only maintain it is pretty troublesome, and may be quickly after safeguarding It can damage again.It is larger that inclined device can lead to the problem of data deviation when obtaining data, in turn results in prediction error, perhaps It is only irreversible caused by strong wind to be inclined such that control terminal generates the possibility height that landform occurs great change, earthquake occurs Need the false judgment enhanced your vigilance.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of earthquake prediction apparatus, same as the prior art, the device packet It includes housing and is fixed on four support columns of housing lower surface, and water inlet pipe and outlet pipe are connected on housing to realize housing Water inlet and draining.Unlike the prior art, the bottom of every support column of the device is respectively positioned in a protection pipe, that is, is protected Pillar top is provided with opening, and the bottom end of support column passes through the opening and stretches into the inside of protection pipe, and protection pipe is same with support column Axis, i.e. the busbar of the two is conllinear.The side of support column is provided with several first springs, the first spring connection support column and protection The side of pipe, is provided with several second springs on support column lower surface, and the bottom of second spring and protection pipe connects.In general, the The spring strength of two springs is more than the spring strength of the first spring, because second spring plays the role of load-bearing, is mainly responsible for branch The reset of dagger vertically;And the first spring is used to support the reset of column radially, it is ensured that its not with the side of protection pipe Wall collides.The diameter of protection pipe top end opening needs the diameter more than support column, so that support column can be in protection pipe It inside radially shakes back and forth, it is preferable that 1.5~2 times of a diameter of support column diameter of protection pipe top end opening, this distance For limiting the amplitude of fluctuation of prediction meanss, it is preferable that 1.5 times of a diameter of support column diameter of top end opening, excessive swing Amplitude easily causes that spring reset is difficult and effect that too small amplitude of fluctuation unloads de-stress is poor.
The situation in mountain area is usually relatively complex, and is found in practical applications, sometimes since fallen leaves, falling rocks are in case top Accumulation in addition animal temporarily inhabit housing inclination can all be caused to cause measurement result inaccurate on housing.Although this mistake Difference can be calculated by the later stage and be eliminated, and be missed but if such case can be avoided just to reduce calculating by the design in structure Difference improves the accuracy of measurement.Specifically, it is dome structure, i.e. dome by the top design of housing so that object is not easy Accumulated in case top, so as to reduce due to substance stacks and caused by the inclined probability of prediction meanss, while dome structure Reduce windage so that housing is influenced to reduce by wind-force.In addition, during prediction meanss shaking, due to the first spring and The force direction of second spring may be different, and the direction that the different support column of synchronization may be radially opposite is swung, and hold Easily make at the tie point of housing and support column that stress is excessive to be damaged.To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is under housing The center on surface is installed with hanging column, and the hanging column is connect with each support column by connecting rod.Hanging column and four Root connecting rod collectively forms intersection stabilizing mechanism, which causes four support columns at each moment towards same direction It shakes, greatly reduces the stress of housing and support column tie point, be not only effectively protected support column, also improve device knot The stability of structure extends the service life of device.
Protection pipe is embedded in soil during installation, the top of protection pipe is exposed above the ground.When the earthquake for the side of resting on the ground When prediction meanss are acted on by external force, such as the wind that wind scale is larger, prediction meanss can generate shaking, due to the first spring and The synergistic effect of second spring, support column can shake in protection pipe, and then elastic force counteracts what wind acted on prediction meanss Part stress so that support column will not be caused to fracture by excessive stress, simultaneously because only support column generates shaking, protection Pipe receives that active force is small, therefore the soil around protection pipe will not loosen, and the stability of prediction meanss, safety are protected Barrier.Similarly, when wild animal hits earthquake prediction apparatus, shaking of the support column in protection pipe is unloaded in addition to fractional prediction device The stress being subject to, is effectively protected prediction meanss;When there is hail to pound to prediction meanss, support column is mobile straight down similary Can removal part impulse force, increase the service life of prediction meanss.
To sum up, by above structure, when earthquake prediction apparatus is by temporary external impact, the first bullet can be passed through The synergistic effect of spring and second spring so that support column is shaken in protection pipe with the removable part component of stress, reduces support column and pre- The probability of device damage is surveyed, support column, prediction meanss is avoided to generate the inaccurate survey caused by irreversible inclination in impact Amount, after external impact removes, under the synergistic effect of the first spring and second spring, before the gradual recovery stress effect of support column Its position in protection pipe, to ensure the accuracy of prediction meanss monitoring;Protection pipe also plays support column certain protection Effect avoids soil layer from extruding being caused to be allowed to fracture to support column during slowly moving;Reduce the dimension of earthquake prediction apparatus Number is repaiied, reduces maintenance cost, prediction meanss is enable to be applied to the monitoring in complicated landform mountain area for a long time.
Further, support plate, a diameter of support of the support plate are provided between the support column and second spring 2~3.5 times of column diameter.Support plate is set in the bottom end of support column, then second spring is set on the lower surface of support plate. Support plate can increase bearing area, allow to assemble more second springs to improve load-bearing capacity.
Further, the angle of adjacent two connecting rods is 60 ° or 120 °.Specifically, four angles of four connecting rods Summation is 360 °, then 60 ° successively of the angle of four connecting rods, 120 °, 60 ° and 120 °, above structure to intersect stable machine There are two equilateral triangles in structure, further improve the stability of structure.
Further, the connecting rod is made of aluminium alloy.Can not only preventing from getting rusty using aluminum alloy materials, it is strong to cause Degree declines, while there is aluminium alloy higher intensity to resist high wind.
Further, it is provided with strainer in the water inlet pipe.The purpose of strainer is set to be to prevent in rainwater in water inlet pipe The impurity being mingled with enters enclosure interior, and the volume into water blockage or enclosure interior is caused to change, can further be carried The accuracy of high measurement.
Further, the second spring is tensioning spring.Since second spring needs to play the role of load-bearing, the Two springs use tensioning spring to improve spring strength.
Further, the protection pipe outer application has synthetic enamel.Synthetic enamel plays certain anti-rust action, avoids On the outside of protection pipe and the surface of soil block is divided to be corroded and reduce its intensity.
Compared with prior art, the present invention it has the following advantages and advantages:
1st, when earthquake prediction apparatus is by temporary external impact, the first spring and the association of second spring can be passed through Same-action so that support column is shaken in protection pipe with the removable part component of stress, reduces support column and the probability of prediction meanss damage, Support column, prediction meanss is avoided to generate the inaccurate measurement caused by irreversible inclination in impact, when external impact removes Afterwards, under the synergistic effect of the first spring and second spring, its position in protection pipe before the gradual recovery stress effect of support column It puts, to ensure the accuracy of prediction meanss monitoring;Protection pipe also plays support column certain protective effect, avoids soil layer slow Support column is caused to squeeze in mobile process and is allowed to fracture;Reduce the maintenance frequency of earthquake prediction apparatus, reduce repair Cost enables prediction meanss to be applied to the monitoring in complicated landform mountain area for a long time;
2nd, the top design of housing is dome structure by the present invention so that object is not easy to accumulate in case top, so as to Reduce due to substance stacks and caused by the inclined probability of prediction meanss, while dome structure reduces windage so that housing It is influenced to reduce by wind-force;In addition, be installed with hanging column in the center of the lower surface of housing, the hanging column with it is each Support column is connected by connecting rod.Hanging column is collectively formed with four connecting rods intersects stabilizing mechanism, which makes It obtains four support columns to shake towards same direction at each moment, greatly reduces the stress of housing and support column tie point, not only Support column is effectively protected, also improves the stability of apparatus structure, extends the service life of device.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing described herein is used for providing further understanding the embodiment of the present invention, forms one of the application Point, do not form the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram for intersecting stabilizing mechanism in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Label and corresponding parts title in attached drawing:
1- protection pipes, 2- support columns, 3- hanging columns, the first springs of 4-, 5- second springs, 6- support plates, 7- connecting rods, 8- Housing, 9- water inlet pipes, 10- outlet pipes.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, to this Invention is described in further detail, and exemplary embodiment of the invention and its explanation are only used for explaining the present invention, do not make For limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast System as shown in Figure 1, including housing 8,8 lower section of housing is fixedly connected with four supports Column 2, is connected with water inlet pipe 9 and outlet pipe 10 on housing 8, and the top of housing 8 is dome structure, the centre bit of 8 lower surface of housing It puts and is installed with hanging column 3, hanging column 3 is connect with each support column 2 by connecting rod 7;Further include the protection pipe of upward opening 1,2 bottom end of support column passes through the opening on 1 top of protection pipe and stretches into inside protection pipe 1, and protection pipe 1 and support column 2 are coaxial, protection 1.5~2 times of 2 diameter of a diameter of support column of 1 top end opening of pipe;2 bottom end of support column passes through second spring 5 and protection pipe 1 Bottom connects, and the side of support column 2 is connect by the first spring 4 with the inner wall of protection pipe 1;Between support column 2 and second spring 5 It is provided with support plate 6,2~3.5 times of 2 diameter of a diameter of support column of support plate 6;The angle of adjacent two connecting rods 7 is 60 ° Or 120 °;Connecting rod 7 is made of aluminium alloy;Strainer is provided in the water inlet pipe 9;The second spring 5 is tensioning spring;Institute Stating 1 outer application of protection pipe has synthetic enamel.
Protection pipe 1 is embedded in soil during installation, the top of protection pipe 1 is exposed above the ground.When the ground for the side of resting on the ground When shake prediction meanss are acted on by external force, such as the wind that wind scale is larger, prediction meanss can generate shaking, due to the first spring 4 and the synergistic effect of second spring 5, support column 2 can shake in protection pipe, and then elastic force counteracts wind and prediction meanss are made Part stress so that support column 2 will not be caused to fracture by excessive stress, simultaneously because only support column 2 generates rolling Dynamic, protection pipe 1 receives that active force is small, therefore the soil around protection pipe 1 will not loosen, the stability of prediction meanss, safety Property is protected.Similarly, when wild animal hits earthquake prediction apparatus, shaking of the support column 2 in protection pipe 1 is unloaded in addition to portion The stress that point prediction meanss are subject to, is effectively protected prediction meanss;When there is hail to pound to prediction meanss, support column 2 is vertical Move down equally can removal part impulse force, increase the service life of prediction meanss.
To sum up, by above structure, when earthquake prediction apparatus is by temporary external impact, the first bullet can be passed through The synergistic effect of spring 4 and second spring 5 so that support column 2 shakes to offset portion of external stress in protection pipe 1, reduces branch Dagger 2 and the probability of prediction meanss damage are avoided caused by support column 2, prediction meanss generate irreversible inclination in impact It is inaccurate measure, after external impact remove, under the synergistic effect of the first spring 4 and second spring 5, support column 2 is gradually Its position in protection pipe 1 before recovery stress effect, to ensure the accuracy of prediction meanss monitoring;Protection pipe 1 is also to support Column 2 plays certain protective effect, and soil layer is avoided extruding to be caused to be allowed to fracture to support column 2 during slowly moving;It reduces The maintenance frequency of earthquake prediction apparatus, reduces maintenance cost, and prediction meanss is enable to be applied to complicated landform for a long time The monitoring in mountain area.
In addition, it is dome structure by the top design of housing 8 so that object is not easy to accumulate at 8 top of housing, so as to subtract It is small due to substance stacks and caused by the inclined probability of prediction meanss, while dome structure reduces windage so that housing 8 by The influence of wind-force reduces;In addition, be installed with hanging column 3 in the center of the lower surface of housing 8, the hanging column 3 with Each support column 2 is connected by connecting rod 7.Hanging column 3 is collectively formed with four connecting rods 7 intersects stabilizing mechanism, which stablizes Mechanism causes four support columns to be shaken at each moment towards same direction, and greatly reduce housing 8 and 2 tie point of support column should Power is not only effectively protected support column 2, also improves the stability of apparatus structure, extends the service life of device.
Above-described specific embodiment has carried out the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and advantageous effect further It is described in detail, it should be understood that the foregoing is merely the specific embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention Protection domain, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should all include Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. including housing (8), four support columns are fixedly connected with below the housing (8) for Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast System (2), water inlet pipe (9) and outlet pipe (10) are connected on housing (8), which is characterized in that the top of the housing (8) is dome knot Structure, the center of housing (8) lower surface are installed with hanging column (3), and the hanging column (3) passes through with each support column (2) Connecting rod (7) connects;The protection pipe (1) of upward opening is further included, support column (2) bottom end passes through the opening on protection pipe (1) top And it is internal to stretch into protection pipe (1), protection pipe (1) with support column (2) coaxially, a diameter of support column of protection pipe (1) top end opening (2) 1.5~2 times of diameter;Support column (2) bottom end is connect by second spring (5) with the bottom of protection pipe (1), support column (2) Side connect by the first spring (4) with the inner wall of protection pipe (1).
2. Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast System according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the support column (2) and second It is provided with support plate (6) between spring (5), 2~3.5 times of a diameter of support column (2) diameter of the support plate (6).
3. Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast System according to claim 1, which is characterized in that adjacent two connecting rods (7) Angle is 60 ° or 120 °.
4. Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast System according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the connecting rod (7) is closed by aluminium Gold is made.
5. Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast System according to claim 1, which is characterized in that set in the water inlet pipe (9) There is strainer.
6. Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast System according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the second spring (5) is opens Tight spring.
7. the Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast System according to any one of claim 1-6, which is characterized in that the protection pipe (1) outer application has synthetic enamel.
CN201810011823.2A 2018-01-05 2018-01-05 Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast System Withdrawn CN108226994A (en)

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CN201810011823.2A CN108226994A (en) 2018-01-05 2018-01-05 Complex Mountain Earthquake Forecast System

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20000000489U (en) * 1998-06-11 2000-01-15 조동영 Faucet
JP2002097633A (en) * 2000-09-22 2002-04-02 Nippon Steel Corp Buried pile, burying device and construction method for buried pile
US20040257913A1 (en) * 2003-05-30 2004-12-23 Ray Clifford H. Method and apparatus for land based seismic data acquisition
CN1614444A (en) * 2004-11-29 2005-05-11 成都理工大学 Two-way and three-freedom spring seismic analog vibrating stand
RU2348950C1 (en) * 2007-07-02 2009-03-10 Александр Александрович Парамонов Underwater observatory
KR101259165B1 (en) * 2012-11-28 2013-04-30 주식회사 신우엔지니어링 Photovoltaic power generation module and photovoltaic power generation system employing it
CN206174588U (en) * 2016-10-27 2017-05-17 贝克曼沃玛金属技术(青岛)有限公司 Simple and easy power transmission tower convenient to installation
CN206220626U (en) * 2016-11-24 2017-06-06 国网河南社旗县供电公司 Shockproof electric pole
CN107478262A (en) * 2017-10-11 2017-12-15 泰州赛宝工业技术研究院有限公司 A kind of special sensor liftable rotates testing stand automatically
CN207882453U (en) * 2018-01-05 2018-09-18 成都点点通科技有限公司 A kind of earthquake prediction apparatus applied to Complex Mountain

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20000000489U (en) * 1998-06-11 2000-01-15 조동영 Faucet
JP2002097633A (en) * 2000-09-22 2002-04-02 Nippon Steel Corp Buried pile, burying device and construction method for buried pile
US20040257913A1 (en) * 2003-05-30 2004-12-23 Ray Clifford H. Method and apparatus for land based seismic data acquisition
CN1614444A (en) * 2004-11-29 2005-05-11 成都理工大学 Two-way and three-freedom spring seismic analog vibrating stand
RU2348950C1 (en) * 2007-07-02 2009-03-10 Александр Александрович Парамонов Underwater observatory
KR101259165B1 (en) * 2012-11-28 2013-04-30 주식회사 신우엔지니어링 Photovoltaic power generation module and photovoltaic power generation system employing it
CN206174588U (en) * 2016-10-27 2017-05-17 贝克曼沃玛金属技术(青岛)有限公司 Simple and easy power transmission tower convenient to installation
CN206220626U (en) * 2016-11-24 2017-06-06 国网河南社旗县供电公司 Shockproof electric pole
CN107478262A (en) * 2017-10-11 2017-12-15 泰州赛宝工业技术研究院有限公司 A kind of special sensor liftable rotates testing stand automatically
CN207882453U (en) * 2018-01-05 2018-09-18 成都点点通科技有限公司 A kind of earthquake prediction apparatus applied to Complex Mountain

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