CN108226866A - The localization method in the non-conformal face converter noise source based on spherical-harmonic expansion - Google Patents
The localization method in the non-conformal face converter noise source based on spherical-harmonic expansion Download PDFInfo
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- CN108226866A CN108226866A CN201711332032.1A CN201711332032A CN108226866A CN 108226866 A CN108226866 A CN 108226866A CN 201711332032 A CN201711332032 A CN 201711332032A CN 108226866 A CN108226866 A CN 108226866A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of localization methods in the non-conformal face converter noise source based on spherical-harmonic expansion, spherical surface is constructed to the transfer matrix of cylinder using spherical-harmonic expansion, spheric array measurement data is reconfigured to cylindrical structure, so as to carry out precisely effective positioning to noise source in column construction or class cylindricality noise source, compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：1) spheric array longitude and latitude angle omnidirectional and three dimensional symmetry can disposably measure the sound field information of three dimensions all directions.2) transfer matrix of the structure from spherical surface to cylinder, can be reconfigured to cylinder by acoustical holography algorithm by spheric array measurement data, realize the orientation problem to the noise source in class cylindricality sound source or column construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the localization methods more particularly to a kind of base of noise source in a kind of column construction or class cylindricality noise source
It is converted in the non-conformal face of spherical-harmonic expansion, spherical surface measurement data is reconfigured to cylinder by near field acoustic holography algorithm, so as to
Realize the method positioned to noise source in column construction or class cylindricality noise source.
Background technology
In noise source positioning field, it is most common means that microphone array, which carries out acoustic field,.Ball array has warp
Latitude angle omnidirectional and three dimensional symmetry can disposably measure the sound field information of three dimensions all directions.Its special structure
Very big flexibility is made it have, measuring speed is fast, therefore available for the acoustic field of the inner spaces such as submarine, aircraft, automobile.
In noise source fixation and recognition field, Nearfield acoustic holography is a kind of calculation suitable for the positioning of low frequency range noise source
Method.Near field acoustic holography based on Fourier transformation is most classical algorithm, but traditional based on generalized space Fourier transformation
Spherical surface near field acoustic holography requires spherical surface, and to the conformal face transformation of spherical surface, this is to noise in column construction using spherical surface acoustical holography method
The fixation and recognition of source or class cylindricality noise source brings difficulty.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：A kind of non-conformal face converter noise source based on spherical-harmonic expansion is provided
Localization method, with solve in the prior art using spherical surface acoustical holography method to noise source in column construction or class cylindricality noise source
Fixation and recognition the problem of having difficulties.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of positioning side in the non-conformal face converter noise source based on spherical-harmonic expansion
Method includes the following steps：
(1) use array number for the spherical surface microphone array of Q target sound source is radiated the sound pressure signal of three dimensions into
Row acquisition P (r, t)；
(2) to Q microphone data of spherical array respectively and the 1st microphone data carry out Cross Spectra Analysis, it obtains entire
The frequency domain of spherical array answers acoustic pressure P (r, θ, φ)；
(3) frequency domain based on spherical array answers acoustic pressure, utilizes the sound on surface near spherical surface near field acoustic holography algorithm reconstruct sound source
Press p (rS, θ, φ), it is distributed by the acoustic pressure and determines position of the noise source under spherical coordinates；
(4) spherical surface is constructed to the transfer matrix W and U on cylindrical surface according to the transformational relation of spherical coordinate system and cylindrical coordinate；
(5) the matrix P of the spherical surface wave spectrum composition of all discretization points in reconstruction cylinder face is solvedcylinder；
(6) inverse Fourier transform is carried out to the spherical surface wave spectrum for reconstructing all discretization points in cylindrical surface, obtained on reconstruct cylinder
The acoustic pressure distribution P (r of each discrete points, θ, φ)；
(7) it is distributed to determine the noise source position in class cylindricality sound source or cylindrical space by the acoustic pressure of cylinder discrete point.
The multiple acoustic pressure number of the entire spherical array measurement data of ball array is made of in the step (1) Q spherical surface microphone
According to for：
Wherein：Using random spherical array center as coordinate origin (0,0,0)；
Spherical array element number of array Q, array element number is 1 ..., q ... Q, and the space coordinate of q-th of microphone is (xq, yq,
zq)；
P0For the sound pressure amplitude at point sound source 1m, pa；
For q-th of microphone to point sound source (x0, y0, z0) distance,
m；
ω is angular frequency, rad/s；T is time point, s；K is wave number.
Are carried out by cross-spectrum and is divided with the 1st microphone data respectively for Q microphone data of spherical array in the step (2)
Analysis, the frequency domain for obtaining entire spherical array answer acoustic pressure and are：
Calculating in the step (3) using the acoustic pressure distribution on surface nearby of spherical surface near field acoustic holography algorithm reconstruct sound source is public
Formula is as follows：
In formula：rSTo reconstruct radius surface, rHFor holographic radius surface；For the n ranks spheric harmonic function of m times；
Reconstruct spherical surface acoustic pressure spherical surface wave spectrum Pnm(rS) calculation formula it is as follows：
In formula：Pnm(rS) be holographic facet spherical surface wave spectrum；
jn(kr) it is first kind ball Bessel functions, jn(krs)/jn(krH) it is holographic facet spherical surface wave spectrum Pnm(rS) with reconstructing
Face spherical surface wave spectrum Pnm(rS) between transmission function, the calculation formula of the spherical surface wave spectrum of holographic facet is as follows：
In formula：(rq, θq, φq) coordinate for q-th microphone position, pq(rq, θq, φq) sampled for q-th of microphone
The acoustic pressure of acquisition；
αq=4 π a2/ Q is weight coefficient, is the corresponding Grid area of each microphone position.
Transformational relation in the step (4) between spherical coordinates (r, φ, θ) and cylindrical coordinates (r ', φ, z ') is：
The transfer matrix W is：
The transfer matrix U is：
In formula：Subscript []TRepresent transposition；
For first kind ball Bessel functions, j=1 ..., J；
For the n ranks spheric harmonic function of m times.
Construction P in the step (5)cylinderIt is as follows：
Its calculation formula is as follows：
In formula：E is that dimension is the matrix that 1 × J elements are all 1；
" " represents dot product,Represent Kronecker products；
DnmFor sound field expansion coefficient, calculation formula is as follows：
It is by the formula of the acoustic pressure for reconstructing cylinder progress inverse Fourier transform in the step (6)：
In step (7), the cylinder where choosing sound source face near face obtains the acoustic pressure point of reconstruct cylinder as reconstruct face
Cloth carries out fixation and recognition using the acoustic pressure distribution on reconstruct face to target sound source.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention constructs spherical surface to the transfer matrix of cylinder using spherical-harmonic expansion, will
Spheric array measurement data is reconfigured to cylindrical structure, so as to precisely be had to noise source in column construction or class cylindricality noise source
The positioning of effect.Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：
1) spheric array longitude and latitude angle omnidirectional and three dimensional symmetry can disposably measure the sound field of three dimensions all directions
Information.
2) spheric array measurement data, can be reconfigured to by transfer matrix of the structure from spherical surface to cylinder by acoustical holography algorithm
Cylinder realizes the orientation problem to the noise source in class cylindricality sound source or column construction.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the spherical array data collecting model of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the noise source positioning result that the spherical surface of the present invention is converted to the conformal face of spherical surface；(a) corresponding spherical surface is total to spherical surface
The graphics of the noise source positioning result of fractal transform；(b) it is with the spherical surface that (φ, θ) under spherical coordinate system is unfolded to the conformal change of spherical surface
The noise source positioning result changed；
Fig. 4 is the noise source positioning result that the spherical surface of the present invention is converted to cylinder non-conformal face；(a) spherical surface is corresponded to cylinder
The graphics of the noise source positioning result of non-conformal face transformation；(b) it is with the spherical surface that (φ, z) under cylindrical coordinate is unfolded to spherical surface
The noise source positioning result of conformal transformation.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and invention is described further in specific embodiment：
Spherical array noise source data collecting model such as Fig. 1, under the conditions of spaciousness, spheric array is positioned over certain point in space,
Spherical array array number is Q, and the position of q-th of microphone is (xq, yq, zq).Using the spheric array centre of sphere as coordinate origin (0,0,0), away from
It is put from the spheric array centre of sphere to place a point sound source, in air, sound source position (r under cylindrical coordinates at 0.5m0', φ0, z) be
(0.5m, 200 °, 0m), (r under spherical coordinates0, θ0, φ0) it is (0.5m, 90 °, 200 °).Frequency of source is 800Hz, is added in emulation
Enter the white Gaussian noise of Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)=35dB.
The flow of the embodiment of the present invention as shown in Fig. 2, use the spoke of spheric array acquisition noise source in three dimensions first
Penetrate sound field；Q channel data is done into Cross Spectra Analysis with the 1st channel data respectively, the frequency domain for obtaining spheric array answers acoustic pressure, using ball
The acoustic pressure distribution of spherical surface, determines position of the sound source under spherical coordinate system near the conformal face reconstruct sound source of face near field acoustic holography algorithm；
Spherical surface is constructed to the transfer matrix of cylinder, acoustic pressure is answered using the frequency domain of spheric array, choosing radius of the sound source under cylindrical coordinate is
Cylinder reconstructs radius, and converting the acoustic pressure on reconstruct cylinder using non-conformal face is distributed, and is distributed by the acoustic pressure and determines that noise source exists
The positioning of noise source in class cylindricality noise source or column construction is realized in position under cylindrical coordinate.Wherein,
(1) the collected Enclosed Sound Field data of spheric array are：
Wherein：Using random spherical array center as coordinate origin (0,0,0)；
Spherical array element number of array Q, array element number is 1 ..., q ... Q, and the space coordinate of q-th of microphone is (xq, yq,
zq)；
P0For the sound pressure amplitude at point sound source 1m, pa；
For q-th of microphone to point sound source (x0, y0, z0) distance,
m；
ω is angular frequency, rad/s；T is time point, s；K is wave number.Assuming that space has K Point Target to be incident on spherical shape
On array, then the data that each microphone receives are the superposition of K Point Target.
(2) Q channel data for being surveyed spherical surface does Cross Spectra Analysis with the 1st port number respectively, obtains spherical array frequency domain and answers
Acoustic pressure is distributed as using the acoustic pressure of spherical surface near spherical surface near field acoustic holography algorithm reconstruct sound source：
(3) the acoustic pressure p (r on surface near spherical surface near field acoustic holography algorithm reconstruct sound source are utilizedS, θ, φ), pass through the acoustic pressure
Distribution determines position of the noise source under spherical coordinates.Calculation formula is as follows：
In formula：rSTo reconstruct radius surface, rHFor holographic radius surface；For the n ranks spheric harmonic function of m times.
Reconstruct spherical surface acoustic pressure spherical surface wave spectrum Pnm(rS) calculation formula it is as follows：
In formula：Pnm(rS) be holographic facet spherical surface wave spectrum；
jn(kr) it is first kind ball Bessel functions, jn(krs)/jn(krH) it is holographic facet spherical surface wave spectrum Pnm(rS) with reconstructing
Face spherical surface wave spectrum Pnm(rS) between transmission function, the calculation formula of the spherical surface wave spectrum of holographic facet is as follows：
In formula：(rq, θq, φq) coordinate for q-th microphone position, pq(rq, θq, φq) sampled for q-th of microphone
The acoustic pressure of acquisition；
αq=4 π a2/ Q is weight coefficient, is the corresponding Grid area of each microphone position.
(4) spherical surface is constructed to the transfer matrix W and U on cylindrical surface according to the transformational relation of spherical coordinate system and cylindrical coordinate.
Wherein reconstruct cylinder is chosen according to cylindrical coordinates, is spherical coordinates in sound field predictor formula, therefore to complete from cylindrical coordinates
To the conversion of spherical coordinates.Transformational relation between spherical coordinates (r, φ, θ) and cylindrical coordinates (r ', φ, z ') is：
Spherical surface acoustical holography is selected a reconstruct spherical radius and be can be realized when reconstructing, to spherical surface measurement data are passed through ball
It is reconfigured on cylinder after the acoustical holography algorithm of face, the transfer matrix that face is converted from spherical surface to cylinder is built first, since reconstruct face is
Cylindrical surface, it is necessary first to discretization is carried out to reconstruct cylinder, cylindrical coordinates origin and spherical array central point overlap, it is assumed that reconstruct cylinder
Radius is r, respectively on reconstruction cylinder face along the circumferential direction with y direction discretization, circumferencial direction φi∈ [0,2 π], i=
1：I, by Δ φ spaced discretes, then I=[2 π/Δ φ]int.Y direction zj∈[zmin, zmax], j=1：J radial directions, are pressed
Δ z spaced discretes, then J=[(zmax-zmin)/Δz]int。
Step (5) structure the transfer matrix W and U are as follows：
In formula：Subscript []TRepresent transposition；
For first kind ball Bessel functions, j=1 ..., J；
For the n ranks spheric harmonic function of m times.
(5) the matrix P of the spherical surface wave spectrum composition of all discretization points in reconstruction cylinder face is solvedcylinder,
Its calculation formula is as follows：
In formula：E is that dimension is the matrix that 1 × J elements are all 1；
" " represents dot product,Represent Kronecker products.
DnmFor sound field expansion coefficient, calculation formula is as follows：
(6) inverse Fourier transform is carried out to the spherical surface wave spectrum for reconstructing all discretization points in cylindrical surface, obtained on reconstruct cylinder
The acoustic pressure distribution P (r of each discrete points, θ, φ), calculation formula is：
。
(7) cylinder where choosing sound source face near face obtains the acoustic pressure distribution of reconstruct cylinder, utilizes weight as reconstruct face
Acoustic pressure distribution on structure face carries out fixation and recognition to target sound source.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is respectively the noise source positioning result of conformal face transformation and the transformation of non-conformal face."+" represents reason in figure
By sound source position, sound source position (r under cylindrical coordinates0', φ0, z) for (0.5m, 200 °, 0m), (r under spherical coordinates0, θ0, φ0)
For (0.5m, 90 °, 200 °).Fig. 3 (a) corresponds to spherical surface to the graphics of the noise source positioning result of spherical surface conformal transformation, Fig. 3 (b)
It is the noise source positioning result with the spherical surface that (φ, θ) under spherical coordinate system is unfolded to spherical surface conformal transformation.The corresponding spherical surfaces of Fig. 4 (a) arrive
The graphics of the noise source positioning result of cylinder non-conformal face transformation, Fig. 4 (b) are the spherical surfaces being unfolded with (φ, z) under cylindrical coordinate
To the noise source positioning result of spherical surface conformal transformation.By the result of comparison diagram 3 (b) and Fig. 4 (b) it is found that being surveyed using spheric array
Data are measured, spherical surface is carried out and noise source can be accurately positioned to the transformation of cylinder non-conformal face to the conformal face transformation of spherical surface and spherical surface.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, it is impossible to assert
The specific implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, exist
Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, several simple deduction or replace can also be made, should all be considered as belonging to the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of localization method in the non-conformal face converter noise source based on spherical-harmonic expansion, it is characterised in that：Including following
Step：
(1) sound pressure signal that array number is radiated target sound source for the spherical microphone array of Q three dimensions is used to adopt
Collect P (r, t)；
(2) to Q microphone data of spherical array respectively and the 1st microphone data carry out Cross Spectra Analysis, it obtains entire spherical
The frequency domain of battle array answers acoustic pressure P (r, θ, φ)；
(3) frequency domain based on spherical array answers acoustic pressure, utilizes the acoustic pressure p on surface near spherical surface near field acoustic holography algorithm reconstruct sound source
(rS, θ, φ), it is distributed by the acoustic pressure and determines position of the noise source under spherical coordinates；
(4) spherical surface is constructed to the transfer matrix W and U on cylindrical surface according to the transformational relation of spherical coordinate system and cylindrical coordinate；
(5) the matrix P of the spherical surface wave spectrum composition of all discretization points in reconstruction cylinder face is solvedcylinder；
(6) inverse Fourier transform is carried out to the spherical surface wave spectrum for reconstructing all discretization points in cylindrical surface, obtained each on reconstruct cylinder
The acoustic pressure distribution P (r of discrete points, θ, φ)；
(7) it is distributed to determine the noise source position in class cylindricality sound source or cylindrical space by the acoustic pressure of cylinder discrete point.
2. the localization method in the non-conformal face converter noise source according to claim 1 based on spherical-harmonic expansion, special
Sign is：The multiple acoustic pressure data of the entire spherical array measurement data of ball array is made of in the step (1) Q spherical surface microphone
For：
Wherein：Using random spherical array center as coordinate origin (0,0,0)；
Spherical array element number of array Q, array element number is 1 ..., q ... Q, and the space coordinate of q-th of microphone is (xq, yq, zq)；
P0For the sound pressure amplitude at point sound source 1m, pa；
For q-th of microphone to point sound source (x0, y0, z0) distance, m；
ω is angular frequency, rad/s；T is time point, s；K is wave number.
3. the localization method in the non-conformal face converter noise source according to claim 1 based on spherical-harmonic expansion, special
Sign is：In the step (2) to Q microphone data of spherical array respectively and the 1st microphone data carry out Cross Spectra Analysis,
The frequency domain for obtaining entire spherical array answers acoustic pressure and is：
4. the localization method in the non-conformal face converter noise source according to claim 1 based on spherical-harmonic expansion, special
Sign is：Calculating in the step (3) using the acoustic pressure distribution on surface nearby of spherical surface near field acoustic holography algorithm reconstruct sound source is public
Formula is as follows：
In formula：rSTo reconstruct radius surface, rHFor holographic radius surface；For the n ranks spheric harmonic function of m times；
Reconstruct spherical surface acoustic pressure spherical surface wave spectrum Pnm(rS) calculation formula it is as follows：
In formula：Pnm(rS) be holographic facet spherical surface wave spectrum；
jn(kr) it is first kind ball Bessel functions, jn(krs)/jn(krH) it is holographic facet spherical surface wave spectrum Pnm(rS) with reconstructing face ball
Surface wave composes Pnm(rS) between transmission function, the calculation formula of the spherical surface wave spectrum of holographic facet is as follows：
In formula：(rq,θq,φq) coordinate for q-th microphone position, pq(rq,θq,φq) obtained for q-th of microphone sampling
Acoustic pressure；
αq=4 π a2/ Q is weight coefficient, is the corresponding Grid area of each microphone position.
5. the localization method in the non-conformal face converter noise source according to claim 1 based on spherical-harmonic expansion, special
Sign is：Transformational relation in the step (4) between spherical coordinates (r, φ, θ) and cylindrical coordinates (r', φ, z') is：
The transfer matrix W is：
The transfer matrix U is：
In formula：Subscript []TRepresent transposition；
For first kind ball Bessel functions, j=1 ..., J；
For the n ranks spheric harmonic function of m times.
6. the localization method in the non-conformal face converter noise source according to claim 1 based on spherical-harmonic expansion, special
Sign is：Construction P in the step (5)cylinderIt is as follows：
Its calculation formula is as follows：
In formula：E is that dimension is the matrix that 1 × J elements are all 1；
" " represents dot product,Represent Kronecker products；
DnmFor sound field expansion coefficient, calculation formula is as follows：
7. the localization method in the non-conformal face converter noise source according to claim 1 based on spherical-harmonic expansion, special
Sign is：It is by the formula of the acoustic pressure for reconstructing cylinder progress inverse Fourier transform in the step (6)：
8. the localization method in the non-conformal face converter noise source according to claim 1 based on spherical-harmonic expansion, special
Sign is：In step (7), the cylinder where choosing sound source face near face obtains the acoustic pressure point of reconstruct cylinder as reconstruct face
Cloth carries out fixation and recognition using the acoustic pressure distribution on reconstruct face to target sound source.
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| CN110554358A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | noise source positioning and identifying method based on virtual ball array expansion technology |
| CN110579275A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2019-12-17 | 南京南大电子智慧型服务机器人研究院有限公司 | Method for realizing sound field separation based on spherical vector microphone array |
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| CN109375197A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-02-22 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of small size vector array low frequency scatter correction method |
| CN109507640A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-22 | 重庆大学 | A kind of comprehensive equivalent source identification of sound source method based on solid ball array |
| CN110554358A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | noise source positioning and identifying method based on virtual ball array expansion technology |
| CN110579275A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2019-12-17 | 南京南大电子智慧型服务机器人研究院有限公司 | Method for realizing sound field separation based on spherical vector microphone array |
| CN111239690A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-06-05 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Noise source identification method for spherical microphone array and related device |
| CN111239690B (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2022-03-15 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Noise source identification method for spherical microphone array and related device |
| CN112577592A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-30 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Finite space plane near-field acoustic holography measuring method based on space Fourier transform |
| CN113421537A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Global active noise reduction method of rotor craft |
| CN113421537B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2022-05-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Global active noise reduction method of rotor craft |
| CN114527427A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-24 | 华南理工大学 | Low-frequency beam forming sound source positioning method based on spherical microphone array |
| CN114527427B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2024-03-29 | 华南理工大学 | Low-frequency wave beam forming sound source positioning method based on spherical microphone array |
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