CN108225984B - Method and device for testing coalescence performance of oil drops of fibers - Google Patents
Method and device for testing coalescence performance of oil drops of fibers Download PDFInfo
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- CN108225984B CN108225984B CN201810089743.9A CN201810089743A CN108225984B CN 108225984 B CN108225984 B CN 108225984B CN 201810089743 A CN201810089743 A CN 201810089743A CN 108225984 B CN108225984 B CN 108225984B
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Abstract
A method for testing oil drop coalescence performance of fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: step one, a microfluidic device is adopted to continuously generate a plurality of oil drops with uniform particle sizes; step two, the plurality of oil drops continuously generated in the step one enter a protective solution containing a surfactant, float upwards under the action of buoyancy, and keep the oil drops in an integral shape under the action of the protective solution; thirdly, recording the plurality of oil drops protected in the second step on the surface of the fiber to be detected in the microscopic processes of collision, adhesion, coalescence and the like by observing and recording equipment to obtain a video and/or an image of the shape change condition of the oil drops on the surface of the fiber to be detected; and analyzing the video and/or the image, and judging the oil drop coalescence performance of the fiber to be detected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coalescence-separation, and particularly relates to a method and a device for testing oil drop coalescence performance of fibers.
Background
The coalescence filter is a key part for realizing oil-water separation, and has wide application fields, such as water pollution prevention and treatment, petrochemical industry and the like. Among them, the ultrafine fiber as the material of the coalescence-separation filter element is one of the key factors determining the coalescence-separation effect. Oil drops of oil, water or other liquid are captured by superfine fibers in the coalescence separator, the nanometer-scale fibers form a tortuous channel for the flow of the oil drops, solid particles and liquid fog drops are forced to be captured by the superfine fibers under the action of three filtering mechanisms of inertial collision, diffusion interception and direct interception, small oil drops are coalesced into larger oil drops by the surface tension of the liquid, and the large oil drops are settled to the bottom of the container under the action of gravity.
For a long time, due to the complexity of oil drop movement and the limitation of testing technical conditions, for the test evaluation of the oil drop coalescence performance of the fiber, a method for measuring the contact angle of a single oil drop on the fiber is generally adopted, and the common contact angle measurement method is as follows: the method comprises the steps of placing a fiber sample to be tested on an experiment table, placing experiment liquid in an injector, dropping a single oil drop on the fiber sample to be tested by using the injector, searching a base line in computer imaging, fitting an oil drop profile, and finally calculating a contact angle for evaluating the coalescence performance of the superfine fiber on the oil drop. Or the computational fluid mechanics model is used for carrying out relevant numerical simulation and theoretical analysis on the oil drops, and the flowing conditions of the oil drops on the superfine fibers, such as contact speed and coalescence time, are simulated. However, no matter the contact angle is used as a parameter for judgment, or the simulation result is used for evaluation and judgment, the coalescence performance of the oil drops is different from the actual oil drop coalescence performance of the fibers; moreover, the oil drops generated by the injector have uneven particle size, and are easy to break when the oil drops are dropped on a fiber sample to be tested under the action of gravity, so that the operation process of generating qualified liquid drops for testing wastes time and labor, the repeatability of each test experiment is poor, and the oil drop coalescence performance of the fiber can not be evaluated quickly and accurately by performing multiple effective experiments in limited time.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a testing method and apparatus that can directly observe the coalescence process of oil droplets and perform repeated experiments in a short time to make a quick and accurate determination of the oil droplet coalescence behavior of the fibers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test evaluation method and a test evaluation system which can directly observe the coalescence process of oil drops so as to quickly and accurately judge the oil drop polymerization performance of fibers.
A method for testing oil drop coalescence performance of fibers comprises the following steps:
step one, a microfluidic device is adopted to continuously generate a plurality of oil drops with uniform particle sizes;
step two, the plurality of oil drops continuously generated in the step one enter a protective solution containing a surfactant, float upwards under the action of buoyancy, and keep the oil drops in an integral shape under the action of the protective solution;
thirdly, recording the plurality of oil drops protected in the second step on the surface of the fiber to be detected in the microscopic processes of collision, adhesion, coalescence and the like by observing and recording equipment to obtain a video and/or an image of the shape change condition of the oil drops on the surface of the fiber to be detected; and analyzing the video and/or the image, and judging the oil drop coalescence performance of the fiber to be detected.
In one embodiment, the protective liquid component is 0.01-0.1% by mass of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate aqueous solution.
In one embodiment, the third step further comprises the following steps: and adjusting the collision angle between the fiber to be detected and the oil drop to obtain an image of the morphological change of the oil drop and the surface of the fiber to be detected under different collision angles.
In one embodiment, the angle adjustment range of the collision angle between the fiber to be measured and the oil drops is 30-70 degrees.
In one embodiment, the observation recording device includes a high-speed camera.
In one embodiment, the analyzing the video comprises analyzing the video frame by frame, obtaining the size and position change of oil drops according to the scale and pixels of the image, combining time to obtain the movement speed and acceleration of the oil drops on the fibers to be detected, and further analyzing the acting force of the fibers to be detected on the oil drops in the adhesion collision process so as to quickly and accurately judge the oil drop coalescence performance of the fibers to be detected.
A system for testing oil droplet coalescence behavior of fibers, said system comprising:
an oil drop generating device comprising a microfluidic device for continuously generating a plurality of oil drops with uniform particle size;
the oil drop holding device comprises an oil drop floating space and a transparent water tank for containing a protective liquid for protecting the oil drop shape;
the oil drop coalescence device comprises a fiber to be tested acting on the oil drops and a fixing piece used for fixing the relative position of the fiber to be tested and the oil drops;
and the observation and recording device comprises a high-speed camera for recording the interaction of the oil drops and the fibers to be detected and a computer for controlling the high-speed camera and storing data.
In one embodiment, the fixing member is connected to the water tank through a pivot, and the fixing member can rotate around the pivot, so that an included angle between the fiber to be measured and the horizontal direction can be changed.
In one embodiment, the fixing member is a recessed member and the pivot is a bolt.
In one embodiment, the shooting frame rate of the high-speed camera is not lower than 2000fps, the minimum exposure time is not more than 500 microseconds, and the resolution is not lower than 1024 x 960; the high-speed camera adopts a macro lens, and further comprises a light supplementing light source which is a white light cold light source.
The invention has the advantages that aiming at the defects that the oil drops are prepared by an injector in the testing method in the prior art, the oil drops naturally fall to test the contact angle, so that a plurality of effective experiments can not be carried out in a short time, and the testing result is different from the actual performance, the characteristic that the micro-fluidic device can continuously generate particles with uniform particle sizes is utilized, a plurality of oil drops with uniform particle sizes are continuously generated, the generated oil drops keep complete shapes through the arrangement of the oil drop protection liquid, the coalescence phenomenon of the oil drops is visually observed by adopting high-speed camera equipment, in addition, the placement angle of the fiber to be tested is variable, and the influence of the fiber arrangement structure on the coalescence effect of the oil drops is. The invention innovates the method and the system for directly observing the generation and protection of oil drops and the coalescence phenomenon in the test process, has the advantages of carrying out a large number of test and evaluation experiments in a short time, rapidly and accurately judging the coalescence performance of the oil drops of the fibers, greatly accelerates the research and development process of the filter element of the coalescence separator, and has great engineering application value.
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The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals denote like features throughout, and in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the components of one embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a screenshot of the shape of an oil droplet taken shortly after contact with the fibers using an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a screenshot of a hanging state of oil droplets on the surface of a fiber taken by an embodiment of the device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in the following description with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings, wherein the details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but it is apparent that the present invention can be embodied in many other forms different from those described herein, and it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented in many different forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
It is to be noted that the drawings are designed solely as examples and are not to scale and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as it may be practiced otherwise than as specifically claimed.
Fig. 1 shows fibrous oil drop coalescence capability test system, the test evaluation device includes oil drop generation portion 1, oil drop keeps portion 2, oil drop coalescence portion 3, observe recording portion 4, oil drop generation portion 1 produces the even tiny oil drop of particle size steadily in succession, further keep the stability of oil drop form in oil drop keeps portion 2, after oil drop keeps portion 2, oil drop arrives oil drop coalescence portion 3, the emergence oil drop and fibrous collision, adhesion, coalescence process, the whole process of emergence, maintenance, collision, adhesion, coalescence of oil drop, all observe recording portion 4 record.
The method for testing the oil drop coalescence performance of the fiber comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing oil drops; the oil drop generating part 1 comprises a water phase injection pump 11, an oil phase injection pump 12 and a micro-fluidic device 13, and the water phase and oil phase materials in the micro-fluidic device 13 and the water phase injection pump 11 and the oil phase injection pump 12 can be determined according to specific evaluation test requirements. In one embodiment, different fibers and fibers are testedThe mounting arrangement mode has the coalescence performance on diesel oil, the material in the water phase injection pump 11 is deionized water, the injection flow rate is 6000 mu L/h, the material in the oil phase injection pump 12 is diesel oil, and the density is 0.84g/cm3The injection flow rate is 700 mu L/h, the temperature is 22 ℃, under the control of the micro-fluidic device 13, the water phase with the high injection flow rate cuts the oil phase with the low injection flow rate, a plurality of micro oil drops with uniform particle size for testing the fiber coalescence performance are continuously generated, and the particle size of the oil drops is intensively distributed between 220 mu m and 370 mu m. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the injection flow rate parameters will vary accordingly for different oils and are not limited to the parameters of the above examples. The specific structure of the adopted microfluidic device is disclosed in patent publication of invention of CN105363503A "multicomponent microdroplet microfluidic chip and processing method thereof", and the present application focuses on a method for testing coalescence performance of oil droplets of fibers, so the specific structure of the microfluidic device and a method for generating droplets are not repeated.
Step two: protecting oil drops; the plurality of oil droplets continuously generated in the step one flow out of the oil droplet collecting outlet of the microfluidic device 13 and enter the oil droplet holding part 2. The oil drop holding part 2 comprises an oil drop protection liquid which is arranged in the transparent water tank 21 and contains a surfactant, the oil drops float upwards under the buoyancy action of the oil drop protection liquid, in one embodiment, the component of the protection liquid is a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.01% -0.1%, experiments show that the surfactant is neutral, compared with other types of surfactants, such as a polyvinyl alcohol and a fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate system, the oil drop holding part has the advantages of better effect of reducing the surface tension between oil and water, better effect of protecting the oil drops, and the adoption of water as a solvent avoids pollution caused by the adoption of an organic solvent, so that the testing method conforms to the green chemical concept. Under the action of the oil drop protective liquid, the surface tension of the oil drops and the outside is reduced, the complete shape of the oil drops is fully protected, the problem that the oil drops are broken due to the falling of the oil drops and the influence of gravity in the prior art method for measuring the contact angle of the oil drops, so that the long-time debugging for generating the parameters of a liquid drop injector is needed to ensure that the oil drops are not damaged after falling is solved, the setting of the oil drop protective liquid greatly shortens the test evaluation time, meanwhile, in the traditional contact angle measurement method, the shape of oil drops is influenced by gravity, which will interfere with the final test and evaluation result, so that the contact angle measurement result cannot be well matched with the actual coalescence performance of the fibers, the buoyancy effect of the oil drop protective liquid counteracts the gravity influence of the oil drops, is closer to the common oil-water separation application scene of the fiber to be measured, so that the test evaluation result of the embodiment is closer to the oil droplet coalescence performance of the actual fiber.
Step three: observing oil drops; with reference to fig. 1, after the oil drops are protected in step two, the oil drops contact the fiber 31 to be tested of the oil drop polymerization part 3, and micro processes such as collision, adhesion, coalescence and the like occur on the surface of the fiber 31 to be tested. In one embodiment, the fiber 31 to be tested is woven into a sheet shape, and the two end edges of the fiber 31 to be tested are respectively placed in the fixing member, so as to realize the position stabilization of the fiber 31 to be tested during the testing process. Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the securing member may be, but is not limited to, a groove member 32. The recess member 32 is pivotally connected to the inner wall of the basin 21, which may be a bolt 33. The groove piece 32 can rotate around the bolt 33, so that the included angle between the fiber 31 to be tested and the horizontal direction can be changed, the purpose of adjusting the angle of the fiber to be tested and the oil drop in the motion direction of the oil drop protective liquid is achieved, the collision, adhesion and coalescence processes of the oil drop and the fiber to be tested under different collision angles can be conveniently researched, and the influence of different designs and arrangement modes of the fiber to be tested on the coalescence performance of the oil drop in the coalescence filter can be rapidly tested. Empirically, the range of angles at which the fibers 31 to be tested of different materials are most suitable for coalescence of oil droplets in the horizontal direction is typically 30-70 °. Therefore, in order to save the experimental time and reduce the number of experiments, when the experiment for exploring the optimal collision angle is performed, the angle adjustment range of the fiber 31 to be measured and the horizontal direction is 30-70 °.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the microscopic processes of collision, adhesion, coalescence, etc. of oil droplets in the oil droplet coalescence portion 3 and the oil droplet distribution of the fibers are recorded by the observation recording portion 4. The observation recording part 4 comprises a high-speed camera 41 which is distributed outside the transparent water tank 21 and is positioned right opposite to the fiber 31 to be measured, the high-speed camera 41 adopts a macro lens, the shooting frame frequency is not lower than 2000fps, the minimum exposure time is not more than 500 microseconds, the resolution is not lower than 1024 x 960, and an image of the shape change condition of oil drops on the surface 31 of the fiber to be measured is recorded. In order to optimize the shooting effect, a white light cold light supplementary light source 42 is additionally arranged outside the transparent water tank 21, the supplementary light source 42 is arranged in the opposite direction of the high-speed camera 41 and the fiber 31 to be detected, and the video and/or image obtained by the high-speed camera 41 is transmitted to a computer for data storage and analysis through a control system in real time, so that the coalescence performance of the oil drops of the fiber to be detected is judged quickly and accurately.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the process photograph of the collision, adhesion and coalescence of the selected oil drops in the video obtained by the high-speed camera 41 is shown. In fig. 3, the oil drops are in a state of being in contact with the fiber 31 to be measured and adhered to the fiber 31 to be measured, and in fig. 4, the oil drops are suspended on the fiber 31 to be measured due to self-gravity and capillary force of the fiber 31 to be measured after contacting the fiber 31 to be measured. As can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, the above-mentioned testing method and system can clearly reflect the change of oil drops that are adhered and collided with fibers at different stages of the adhesion and collision action of oil drops and fibers. In a computer, the obtained video is subjected to frame-by-frame image analysis, the size and position change of oil drops is obtained according to the scale and pixels of the image, the movement speed and the acceleration of the oil drops on the fibers 31 to be detected are obtained by combining time, and then the acting force of the fibers 31 to be detected on the oil drops in the adhesion collision process is analyzed, so that the coalescence performance of the oil drops of the fibers to be detected is judged quickly and accurately.
In summary, aiming at the defects that in the test method in the prior art, an injector is adopted to prepare oil drops, the oil drops naturally fall to test a contact angle, and multiple effective experiments cannot be performed in a short time, and the test result is different from the actual performance, the test evaluation method and the device have the characteristics of simple device and convenience in operation, the test method generates multiple oil drops with controllable particle size, continuity and uniformity through a microfluidic device, and the oil drop retaining part is arranged, so that the oil drops keep stable in shape before colliding and adhering, the oil-water separation condition is close to the actual oil-water separation condition, the placement angle of fibers to be tested is variable, the influence of the fiber arrangement structure on the oil drop coalescence effect is conveniently researched, and the microcosmic whole process of the oil drops colliding, adhering and coalescing. The invention innovates the method and the system for directly observing the generation and protection of oil drops and the coalescence phenomenon in the test process, has the advantages of carrying out a large number of test and evaluation experiments in a short time, rapidly and accurately judging the coalescence performance of the oil drops of the fibers, greatly accelerates the research and development process of the filter element of the coalescence separator, and has great engineering application value.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for testing oil drop coalescence performance of fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, a microfluidic device is adopted to continuously generate a plurality of oil drops with uniform particle sizes;
step two, the plurality of oil drops continuously generated in the step one enter a protective solution containing a surfactant, float upwards under the buoyancy action of the protective solution, and keep the oil drops in the complete form under the action of the protective solution;
thirdly, the plurality of oil drops protected in the second step are subjected to the micro processes of collision, adhesion and coalescence on the surface of the fiber, and the whole processes of the generation, the maintenance, the collision, the adhesion and the coalescence of the oil drops are recorded by observation and recording equipment to obtain a video and/or an image of the shape change condition of the oil drops on the surface of the fiber to be detected; and analyzing the video and/or the image, and judging the oil drop coalescence performance of the fiber to be detected.
2. The method for testing the oil drop coalescence property of the fiber according to claim 1, wherein the protective solution comprises 0.01-0.1% by mass of an aqueous solution of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
3. The method for testing oil droplet coalescence behavior of fibers according to claim 1, wherein said step three further comprises the steps of: and adjusting the collision angle between the fiber to be detected and the oil drop to obtain an image of the morphological change of the oil drop and the surface of the fiber to be detected under different collision angles.
4. The method for testing the oil drop coalescence property of the fiber according to claim 3, wherein the angle adjustment range of the collision angle between the fiber to be tested and the oil drops is 30-70 °.
5. The method for testing oil droplet coalescence behavior of fibers according to claim 1, wherein said observation recording device comprises a high-speed camera.
6. The method for testing the oil drop coalescence property of the fiber according to claim 1, wherein the analyzing the video comprises analyzing the video frame by frame, obtaining the size and position change of the oil drops according to the scale and the pixels of the image, combining the time to obtain the movement speed and the acceleration of the oil drops on the fiber to be tested, and further analyzing the acting force of the fiber to be tested on the oil drops in the adhesion collision process to quickly and accurately judge the oil drop coalescence property of the fiber to be tested.
7. A system for testing the coalescence of oil droplets in a fiber, the system comprising: an oil drop generating device comprising a microfluidic device for continuously generating a plurality of oil drops with uniform particle size;
the oil drop holding device comprises an oil drop floating space and a transparent water tank for containing a protective liquid for protecting the oil drop shape;
the oil drop coalescence device comprises a fiber to be tested acting on the oil drops and a fixing piece used for fixing the relative position of the fiber to be tested and the oil drops;
and the observation recording device comprises a high-speed camera for recording the whole process of generation, holding, collision, adhesion and coalescence of the oil drops and a computer for controlling the high-speed camera and storing data.
8. The test system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the fixing member is pivotally connected to the water tank, and the fixing member is rotatable about the pivot so that an angle between the fiber to be tested and a horizontal direction is variable.
9. The test system of claim 8, wherein the fixture is a socket member and the pivot is a bolt.
10. The test system of claim 7, wherein the high speed camera has a capture frame rate of not less than 2000fps, a minimum exposure time of not more than 500 microseconds, and a resolution of not less than 1024 x 960; the high-speed camera adopts a macro lens, and further comprises a light supplementing light source which is a white light cold light source.
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| CN111122390A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-08 | 徐开 | Interface tension measuring method based on artificial intelligence model |
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