CN108225894B - Counter-force support for anchor rod drawing test and use method - Google Patents
Counter-force support for anchor rod drawing test and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108225894B CN108225894B CN201810045879.XA CN201810045879A CN108225894B CN 108225894 B CN108225894 B CN 108225894B CN 201810045879 A CN201810045879 A CN 201810045879A CN 108225894 B CN108225894 B CN 108225894B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
- G01L5/0033—Force sensors associated with force applying means applying a pulling force
Abstract
The utility model provides a counter-force support and application method for anchor rod is drawn experimental, includes the counter-force backing plate, and the counter-force backing plate includes two the same first steel sheets and second steel sheet, links to each other through a plurality of steel sheets between first steel sheet and the second steel sheet, and first round hole has been seted up at the center of first steel sheet, and the second round hole has all been seted up at the center of second steel sheet, and the diameter of first round hole is greater than second round hole diameter, and first round hole sets up with the axle center with the centre of a circle of second round hole and third round hole. When the counter-force base plate is used for testing the real pulling resistance of the anchor rod, the first steel plate is tightly attached to the surface of a rock-soil body, and the second steel plate is tightly attached to the jack. When the counter-force base plate is used for testing the frictional resistance between the anchor rod and the grouting body, the second steel plate of the counter-force base plate is tightly attached to the surface of a rock-soil body, and the first steel plate is provided with the auxiliary base plate and then is tightly attached to the jack. The counter-force support of the invention can be used for multiple functions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering detection, and particularly relates to a counter-force support for an anchor rod drawing test and a using method thereof.
Background
Geotechnical anchoring technology is an important branch in the recent geotechnical engineering field. The anchoring technology is commonly called anchor bolt supporting technology in domestic habits, and is generally called anchoring technology or anchor bolt reinforcing technology abroad. Since the anchor rod is firstly applied to the reinforcement of the side slope in the open-air shale mine of north wales in 1872 and the anchoring technology is firstly applied to the underground roadway in 1912 in the German Sherez mine, the anchoring technology has been developed for over 100 years so far. The anchoring technology is used as a technical means with excellent technical economy, is more and more widely applied to various fields of civil engineering, and has great development in the aspects of stratum anchoring in gravity dam reinforcement engineering, bridge roadbed engineering, anti-overturning and anti-seismic engineering besides continuously keeping good development potential in underground engineering, side slope engineering, structural anti-floating engineering and deep foundation pit engineering.
The detection is an important means for supervising the construction quality and ensuring the safety and reliability of the anchor bolt support. Bolting is a recessive project, so timely and effective construction detection is particularly important for checking construction quality. The detection work of the anchoring force of the anchor rod is always emphasized in China, detection instruments such as an anchoring force tester, an ultrasonic wave surrounding rock crack detector and the like are developed successively, but the performance is poor, the function is incomplete, and a series of matched comprehensive detection technologies are not formed. The counter-force backing plate in the anchor rod drawing test is not uniform in style, is not standard, and is one of the common problems in anchoring force detection, and is specifically characterized in that the counter-force backing plate is processed on site, even two steel plates are spliced up and down or left and right, or a round hole is left in the center of a single steel plate to be used as the counter-force backing plate; the condition of repeated tests is caused by the fact that the reaction base plate is deformed and embedded into a rear rock-soil body frequently during the drawing test process. The detection of the anchoring force of the anchor rod is an important means for checking the design and construction quality, so that the development of monitoring instrument matching equipment is very necessary to be increased.
The comprehensive analysis of the anchor rod drawing test technology has the following defects:
(1) a uniform base plate is not formed in the anchor rod drawing test, the form is simple and various, the base plate is not standard, and the eccentric tension phenomenon is easy to occur due to unbalanced stress;
(2) the true anchor rod anchoring force cannot be accurately measured. If the diameter of the central circular hole of the counter-force base plate is too small, the displacement and the movement of the grouting body can be limited, the test data is the frictional resistance between the anchor rod and the grouting body, and the uplift resistance of the anchor rod cannot be truly reflected;
(3) for soft scattered rock-soil bodies, when the area of the counter-force base plate is close to that of the base of the jack, the counter-force base plate is easy to crush the rear rock-soil body under the action of strong pressure so as to be embedded into the rock-soil body, so that the phenomenon that the jack is short in range and needs to be drawn for multiple times is caused, and finally drawing data cannot be guaranteed to be true and reliable;
(4) for the condition that the anchor rod is higher or no supporting body is arranged below, the common cushion plate is not easy to fix or center, and the operability is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a counter-force support for an anchor rod drawing test and a using method thereof, which can meet the basic requirements of the anchor rod drawing test, and are suitable for the situation of the actual pulling resistance test of the anchor rod and the situation of the frictional resistance test between the anchor rod and a grouting body. Meanwhile, the phenomena of central invagination, corner buckling deformation and the like caused by concentrated stress on the middle part can be prevented when the anchor rod is subjected to a drawing test, the phenomena that a counterforce backing plate crushes a rock-soil body behind the backing plate under the action of strong pressure and is embedded into the rock-soil body, repeated tests and test results are not real and reliable are avoided, and a series of practical operation problems that the backing plate is not standard or the backing plate is processed on site, a supporting table is processed on site and the like can be avoided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a counter-force support for anchor rod is drawn experimental, includes the counter-force backing plate, and the counter-force backing plate includes two the same first steel sheets and second steel sheet, links to each other through a plurality of steel sheets between first steel sheet and the second steel sheet, and first round hole has been seted up at the center of first steel sheet, and the second round hole has all been seted up at the center of second steel sheet, and the diameter of first round hole is greater than second round hole diameter, and the centre of a circle of first round hole and second round hole and third round hole sets up with the axle center.
The invention further improves the structure that the structure also comprises an auxiliary backing plate, wherein the auxiliary backing plate is a third steel plate with the same size as the first steel plate, a third round hole is formed in the center of the third steel plate, and the center of the third round hole is coaxial with the center of the first round hole.
The invention is further improved in that the first steel plate, the second steel plate and the third steel plate are made of HRB400 steel with the thickness of 15 mm.
The invention is further improved in that the first steel plate, the second steel plate and the third steel plate are all square steel plates with the side length of 50 cm.
The invention is further improved in that the first steel plate and the third steel plate are connected by bolts.
A further improvement of the invention is that the diameter of the first circular hole is 25cm, the diameter of the second circular hole is 12cm and the diameter of the third circular hole is 12 cm.
The invention is further improved in that both ends of each steel sheet are welded to the first steel sheet and the second steel sheet, respectively.
A further improvement of the invention is that the height of the steel sheet is 10 cm.
The invention is further improved in that the steel sheet and the first steel sheet are made of the same material.
A method for using a counter-force support for an anchor rod drawing test is characterized in that when a counter-force base plate is used for testing the real drawing resistance of an anchor rod, a first steel plate is tightly attached to the surface of a rock-soil body, a second steel plate is tightly attached to a jack base, a first round hole in the first steel plate is used for a space through which the anchor rod and a grouting body move outwards under the action of drawing force, and a second round hole in the second steel plate is used for supporting the jack base;
when the counter-force base plate is used for testing the frictional resistance between the anchor rod and the grouting body, the second steel plate is tightly attached to the surface of the rock-soil body, the third steel plate is mounted on the first steel plate, and the third steel plate is tightly attached to the bottom seat of the jack; the second round hole is used for limiting the outward movement of the grouting body under the action of drawing force, and the third steel plate is used for supporting the jack base.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the counter-force support is formed by processing high-strength steel plates, meanwhile, the force on the jack base can be uniformly dispersed to the steel plates tightly attached to the rock-soil body through the middle connecting steel sheets, and deformation phenomena such as central invagination, corner warping and the like are not easy to occur even when a large pressure is borne during an anchor rod drawing force test. Compared with the common counter-force base plate, the counter-force support provided by the invention can be used for testing the actual uplift force of the anchor rod (the actual uplift force of the anchor rod is the smaller value of the frictional resistance between the anchor rod and the grouting body and the frictional resistance between the grouting body and the surrounding rock), when the frictional resistance between the anchor rod and the grouting body is smaller, the anchor rod is separated from the filling mortar, and when the frictional resistance between the grouting body and the surrounding rock is smaller, the grouting body is separated from the surrounding rock. The first round hole on the counter-force backing plate allows the anchor rod and the grouting body to move outwards together under the action of drawing force, and meanwhile, the distance between the first steel plate and the second steel plate of the counter-force backing plate gives a space for the anchor rod and the grouting body to move outwards together. Compared with the traditional form, the counter-force support has the advantages of flexible use, strong operability, reusability, convenient transportation and reusability on the premise of meeting the basic function of providing counter-force. It is widely applicable.
Furthermore, collect multiple functions in an organic whole, can also be used for testing the frictional resistance between stock and the slip casting body.
Further, counter-force support area is far greater than common stock and draws jack base area, can draw the base power homodisperse of jack with the stock of different engineering, and the stock that is applicable to different engineering draws experimental and different geotechnical bodies draws the experiment, even to soft geotechnical body that looses, also can not be because of the geotechnical body at powerful pressure crushing rear, and then imbeds the geotechnical body.
Further, to the higher or the anchor rod below condition that does not have the support body in anchor rod position, the fourth round hole in counter-force support accessible four corners is fixed, convenient and fast.
When the counter-force base plate is used for testing the real pulling resistance of the anchor rod, the first steel plate is tightly attached to the surface of a rock-soil body, and the second steel plate is tightly attached to the jack. The first round hole on the first steel plate is used for the space that anchor rod and slip casting body outwards moved under the effect of drawing power and passed, and the second round hole on the second steel plate is used for holding the jack base. When the counter-force base plate is used for testing the frictional resistance between the anchor rod and the grouting body, the second steel plate of the counter-force base plate is tightly attached to the surface of a rock-soil body, and the first steel plate is provided with the auxiliary base plate and then is tightly attached to the jack. The second round hole tightly attached to the surface of the rock-soil body is used for limiting the outward movement of the grouting body under the action of drawing force, and the first steel plate and the auxiliary base plate are used for supporting the jack, so that the counter-force support can realize multifunctional application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a reaction plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection of a reaction plate and an auxiliary plate;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a simulated slope drawing test according to an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure, 1 is a first steel plate, 2 is a second steel plate, 3 is a third steel plate, 4 is a first round hole, 5 is a second round hole, 6 is a third round hole, 7 is a steel plate, 8 is a fourth round hole, 9 is a bolt, 10 is a counter-force support, 11 is a jack, 12 is a bolt threaded end, 13 is a nut, 14 is a gasket, 15 is a slope, 16 is a grout, and 17 is a bolt.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the novel counter force support for the anchor rod drawing test comprises a counter force backing plate and an auxiliary backing plate.
Wherein, the reaction backing plate includes two the same first steel sheet 1 and second steel sheet 2, links to each other through a plurality of steel sheets 7 between first steel sheet 1 and the second steel sheet 2, and the both ends of every steel sheet 7 weld respectively on first steel sheet 1 and second steel sheet 2, and the height of steel sheet 7 is 10 cm. The steel sheet 7 is made of the same material as the first steel sheet 1. First round hole 4 has been seted up at the center of first steel sheet 1, and second round hole 5 has all been seted up at the center of second steel sheet 2, and the diameter of first round hole 4 is greater than the diameter of second round hole 5, and first round hole 4 sets up with the axle center with the centre of a circle of second round hole 5 and third round hole 6.
The auxiliary backing plate is a third steel plate 3 with the same size as the first steel plate 1, a third round hole 6 is formed in the center of the third steel plate 3, and the third round hole 6 and the circle center of the first round hole 4 are arranged coaxially.
The first steel plate 1, the second steel plate 2 and the third steel plate 3 are all made of HRB400 steel with the thickness of 15mm, and the first steel plate 1, the second steel plate 2 and the third steel plate 3 are all square steel plates with the side length of 50 cm.
The diameter of the first circular hole 4 is 25cm, the diameter of the second circular hole 5 is 12cm, and the diameter of the third circular hole 6 is 12 cm.
The fourth circular hole 8 in the first steel plate 1 is used to fix the reaction force support 10 to the surface of the rock-soil mass when there is no support body below.
The steel sheet 7 is made of the same material (HRB400 steel) with the same thickness (15mm) as the steel sheet.
When the counter-force base plate is used for testing the condition of the real uplift force of the anchor rod (the real uplift force of the anchor rod is the smaller value of the frictional resistance between the anchor rod and the grouting body and the frictional resistance between the grouting body and the surrounding rock), a first steel plate of the counter-force base plate is tightly attached to the surface of a rock body, and a second steel plate is tightly attached to the base of the jack 11. A first round hole in a first steel plate tightly attached to the surface of the rock-soil body is used for enabling an anchor rod 17 and a grouting body 16 to move outwards under the action of drawing force to penetrate through, and a second round hole in a second steel plate is used for supporting a jack base. The other side of the jack is abutted by a washer 14 against a nut 13 on the threaded end 12 of the anchor rod.
When the counter-force base plate is used for testing the frictional resistance between an anchor rod and a grouting body, the second steel plate of the counter-force base plate is tightly attached to the surface of a rock-soil body, and the first steel plate is provided with the auxiliary base plate and then is tightly attached to the base of the jack 11. The second round hole clinging to the surface of the rock-soil body is used for limiting the outward movement of the grouting body under the action of drawing force, and the first steel plate and the auxiliary base plate are used for supporting the base of the jack 11. The reaction plate and the auxiliary plate are connected by using M22 × 70 bolts 9. When no supporting body is arranged below the bearing seat, a phi 22mm steel bar is used for fixing the novel counter-force bearing seat on the surface of the rock-soil body.
The diameter of the 12cm round hole in the reaction backing plate and the auxiliary backing plate is determined by adopting a phi 76mm anchor rod in a field test. According to statistics, the diameter of the grouting body is about 20cm, and in order to ensure the test effect, the diameter of a circular hole of 25cm is adopted.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the present invention provides two modes of use as follows:
(1) in the drawing test, only the counter plate (see fig. 1) is used to test the actual pullout resistance of the bolt (see fig. 4):
1) and (3) arranging an anchor rod 17 on the side slope 15, finishing the stress surface of the rock-soil body to enable the stress surface to be vertical to the anchor rod 17, and plugging the orifice for grouting.
2) When the grouting body 16 reaches a certain strength, the reaction support 10 is installed, so that the first steel plate is tightly attached to the stress surface. If no support is arranged below the anchor rod 17, a steel bar with the diameter of 22mm is used for fixing the counter force support on the stressed surface of the rock-soil body.
3) And installing a jack 11, enabling the jack 11 to be tightly attached to the second steel plate, and placing a gasket 14 on the other side of the jack 11 to ensure that the bolt tail end nut 13 can be tightly attached to the gasket 14 after being tightened.
4) And (4) starting drawing, judging the real pullout resistance of the anchor rod 17 through observation, and reading the pullout force.
(2) In the pull test, the combination of the reaction pad and the auxiliary pad (see fig. 2) was used to test the frictional resistance between the anchor and the grout (see fig. 4):
1) and (3) arranging an anchor rod 17 on the side slope 15, finishing the stress surface of the rock-soil body to enable the stress surface to be vertical to the anchor rod 17, and plugging the orifice for grouting.
2) When the mortar reaches a certain strength, assembling the reaction backing plate and the auxiliary backing plate (see figure 2) by using M22 multiplied by 70 bolts 9, installing a third steel plate on the first steel plate of the reaction backing plate, and installing a reaction support after the assembly is finished so as to ensure that the second steel plate is tightly attached to the stress surface. If no support is arranged below the anchor rod 17, a steel bar with the diameter of 22mm is used for fixing the counter force support 10 on the stressed surface of the rock-soil body.
3) And installing a jack 11, enabling the jack 11 to be tightly attached to the third steel plate, and placing a gasket 14 on the other side of the jack 11 to ensure that the bolt tail end nut 13 can be tightly attached to the gasket 14 after being tightened.
4) Drawing is started and the frictional resistance between the anchor 17 and the grout is read.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and a plurality of embodiments may be combined according to different bolt diameters, and all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The counter-force support for the anchor rod drawing test is characterized by comprising a counter-force base plate, wherein the counter-force base plate comprises a first steel plate (1) and a second steel plate (2) which are the same, the first steel plate (1) and the second steel plate (2) are connected through a plurality of steel sheets (7), a first round hole (4) is formed in the center of the first steel plate (1), a second round hole (5) is formed in the center of the second steel plate (2), the diameter of the first round hole (4) is larger than that of the second round hole (5), and the centers of the first round hole (4), the second round hole (5) and a third round hole (6) are coaxially arranged;
the auxiliary backing plate is a third steel plate (3) which is the same as the first steel plate (1) in size, a third round hole (6) is formed in the center of the third steel plate (3), and the third round hole (6) and the circle center of the first round hole (4) are arranged coaxially;
HRB400 steel with the thickness of 15mm is adopted in the first steel plate (1), the second steel plate (2) and the third steel plate (3).
2. The counter force support for the anchor rod drawing test is characterized in that the first steel plate (1), the second steel plate (2) and the third steel plate (3) are square steel plates with the side length of 50 cm.
3. A counterforce support for anchor rod pull test according to claim 1, characterized in that the first steel plate (1) and the third steel plate (3) are connected by bolt (9).
4. A counterforce support for anchor rod pull test according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the first circular hole (4) is 25cm, the diameter of the second circular hole (5) is 12cm and the diameter of the third circular hole (6) is 12 cm.
5. A counterforce support for anchor rod drawing test according to claim 1, characterized in that both ends of each steel sheet (7) are welded on the first steel sheet (1) and the second steel sheet (2), respectively.
6. A counterforce support for anchor rod pull tests according to claim 5, characterized in that the height of the steel sheet (7) is 10 cm.
7. A counterforce support for anchor rod drawing test according to claim 5, characterized in that the steel sheet (7) is the same material as the first steel sheet (1).
8. The use method of the counterforce support for the anchor rod drawing test in claim 1,
when the counter-force base plate is used for testing the real pullout force of the anchor rod, the first steel plate (1) is tightly attached to the surface of a rock-soil body, the second steel plate (2) is tightly attached to the base of the jack, a first round hole (4) in the first steel plate (1) is used for a space through which the anchor rod and a grouting body move outwards under the action of the pullout force, and a second round hole (5) in the second steel plate (2) is used for supporting the base of the jack;
when the counter-force base plate is used for testing the frictional resistance between the anchor rod and the grouting body, the second steel plate (2) is tightly attached to the surface of the rock-soil body, the third steel plate (3) is installed on the first steel plate (1), and the third steel plate (3) is tightly attached to the bottom seat of the jack; the second round hole (5) is used for limiting the outward movement of the grouting body under the action of drawing force, and the third steel plate (3) is used for supporting the jack base.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810045879.XA CN108225894B (en) | 2018-01-17 | 2018-01-17 | Counter-force support for anchor rod drawing test and use method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810045879.XA CN108225894B (en) | 2018-01-17 | 2018-01-17 | Counter-force support for anchor rod drawing test and use method |
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| CN108225894A CN108225894A (en) | 2018-06-29 |
| CN108225894B true CN108225894B (en) | 2020-09-15 |
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| CN112179776A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-05 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Anchor rod drawing test device |
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| CN101343880A (en) * | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-14 | 中铁西北科学研究院有限公司深圳南方分院 | Apparatus and method for existing anchorage engineering quality detection |
| CN201417214Y (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2010-03-03 | 中铁十二局集团第二工程有限公司 | Anchor rod drawing instrument |
| CN103471747A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2013-12-25 | 青岛理工大学 | Stress testing device for non-metal anti-floating anchor rod body |
| CN104390846A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-04 | 广东省长大公路工程有限公司 | Anchor bolt drawing instrument connector |
| CN204418236U (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-06-24 | 武汉建工集团股份有限公司 | A kind of detachable anti-float anchor rod pull-out test reaction support |
| CN204781023U (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-18 | 中交路桥南方工程有限公司 | Experimental counter -force device is drawn to side slope stock |
| CN205301084U (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-06-08 | 重庆电讯职业学院 | Experimental counter -force device is drawn to tunnel stock |
| CN107447797A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-08 | 广东东森检测技术有限公司 | A kind of foundation anchor pulling resistance testing device |
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2018
- 2018-01-17 CN CN201810045879.XA patent/CN108225894B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101343880A (en) * | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-14 | 中铁西北科学研究院有限公司深圳南方分院 | Apparatus and method for existing anchorage engineering quality detection |
| CN201417214Y (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2010-03-03 | 中铁十二局集团第二工程有限公司 | Anchor rod drawing instrument |
| CN103471747A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2013-12-25 | 青岛理工大学 | Stress testing device for non-metal anti-floating anchor rod body |
| CN104390846A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-04 | 广东省长大公路工程有限公司 | Anchor bolt drawing instrument connector |
| CN204418236U (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-06-24 | 武汉建工集团股份有限公司 | A kind of detachable anti-float anchor rod pull-out test reaction support |
| CN204781023U (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-18 | 中交路桥南方工程有限公司 | Experimental counter -force device is drawn to side slope stock |
| CN205301084U (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-06-08 | 重庆电讯职业学院 | Experimental counter -force device is drawn to tunnel stock |
| CN107447797A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-08 | 广东东森检测技术有限公司 | A kind of foundation anchor pulling resistance testing device |
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