CN108225850A - A kind of intellegent sampling system and application method - Google Patents
A kind of intellegent sampling system and application method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of intellegent sampling system and application method, including：Acquisition module；Integration module, one end are connected with one end of acquisition module；Management module, one end are connected with the other end of integration module；Control module, one end are connected with the other end of management module, and the other end of control module is connected with the acquisition module other end.Intellegent sampling system and application method provided by the invention, pass through " early warning " in management module and Alarm function, realize the volume of accurate sampled targets air, in addition, intellegent sampling system is a circulating sampling circuit, realize the real time monitoring of sampled targets air, further the efficiency of raising sampling and sampled targets air volume is accurate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to atmospheric sampling technical fields, are related to a kind of sampling system, particularly a kind of intellegent sampling system and
Application method.
Background technology
Current atmospheric sampling has three kinds of active, passive type and flow type.
Active atmospheric sampling enters air with the pumping of electric drive to carry out, and target analytes pass through the sampling medias such as filter membrane
After be collected.Active air sampler stability of flow, sampling volume precision is high, however, as the electric power that stabilization is needed when working
Driving, and it is more demanding to operating personnel, it is difficult to universal, on the other hand, environmental pollution monitoring generally requires to monitor far from discharge
The pollutant in source, this numerical value is usually very low, therefore needs to obtain the sample of large volume as far as possible in finite time
Product, the big flow sampler of meet demand is expensive, bulky, is unfavorable for extensive sampling network；Remote districts simultaneously
It is difficult to provide stable power supply again, and then limits the application of active sampling.
Passive atmospheric sampling be based on molecule diffusion, absorption, sedimentation or penetration theory, with object in sampling media and
Fugacity difference between air is driving force, and object is adsorbed by the sampling media with high absorption capacity, so as to fulfill sampling.Passively
The samplings such as formula air sampler selection polyurethane foam (PUF), macromolecule resin polymer, semipermeable membrane and polyethylene film are situated between
Matter can implement acquisition to vapor phase contaminants in air or particle phase pollutant.The passive sampling body for active samples
Product it is small, it is sensitive it is light, be readily transported, sampling operation process is simple, economical and practical without electric drive, be especially suitable for remote location,
Background area uses；The measurement result of Passive sampler represents the weighted average mass density (concentration) of one section of long period, passively
The application of sampling network can reflect the spatial distribution state of air pollution on a macro scale.But the sampling of passive atmospheric sampler
Rate is relatively low, and the sampling period is long, while is affected by the environment on sampling periphery, and sampling precision is relatively low, sampling volume and pollution
Object concentration error is big, is adapted only to do semi-quantitative analysis.
Flow type atmospheric sampling is a kind of between the active novel sampling technology between passive type, with passive sampling skill
Art does not need to electric drive equally, but relies on wind energy to realize sampling, greatly improves its sampling rate；From the base of sampling
For present principles, flow type sampling then with actively sample it is identical.Sampling is simple, economy, space-time coverage rate are high, suitable remote location,
Background area uses.Current flow type sampler is by record ambient wind velocity, then by flowing through the inside and outside wind speed of sampler
Empirical regression equation calculates sampling volume.Due to the transformation at any time of wind direction and wind speed, sampler is actually pointed to kiss with wind direction
Right randomness and transducer sensitivity limitation, eventually lead to estimation error in low wind speed condition down-sampling volume compared with
Greatly, it is possible to create 2 to 3 times of deviation, so as to reduce quantitative accuracy.
Chinese utility model patent (205593805 U of CN) discloses a kind of vector quantization flow type sampler, including being used for
The sampling pipe of atmosphere pollution is sampled, the sampling pipe is installed in fluid hose, and the fluid bottom of the tube is equipped with rolling bearing,
The stent for being used to support fluid hose is connected in the rolling bearing, the cradle top is equipped with rotation sensing device, described to adopt
The both ends of sample pipe are equipped with sieve, and sampling media is equipped in the space of the sieve formation at the sampling pipe and sampling pipe both ends, described
Internal anemometry device is equipped in fluid hose, the fluid hose is externally provided with external environment wind speed and direction measurement device.
But sampler described above cannot accurately judge whether the air in sampling pipe has reached required sampling body
Product, causes the data obtained by subsequent experimental not accurate enough.
In conclusion to solve deficiency of the existing sampler in sampling system, need design one kind that can be severe in judgment
Whether the target air in sampler has reached the intellegent sampling system of required volume.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to existing technology, there are the above problems, it is proposed that one kind can accurately judge sampler
Whether the volume of target compound reaches the intellegent sampling system needed for detection in acquisition air.
The purpose of the present invention can be realized by following technical proposal：A kind of intellegent sampling system, including：
Acquisition module；
Integration module, one end are connected with one end of the acquisition module；
Management module, one end are connected with the other end of the integration module；
Control module, one end are connected with the other end of the management module, and the other end of the control module is adopted with described
The collection module other end is connected.
In a kind of above-mentioned intellegent sampling system, the intellegent sampling system is the big air circuit of circulating sampling.
In a kind of above-mentioned intellegent sampling system, the management module includes：
Receiving unit is connected with the integration module, and forms sample magnitude signal；
Storage unit, the numerical signal for the required air volume that prestores, and export default value signal；
Comparing unit, one end are connected respectively with receiving unit and storage unit, receive sample magnitude signal respectively and preset
Numerical signal, and two kinds of signals are compared, export comparison signal；
Display unit is connected with the other end of comparing unit, receives the comparison signal of comparing unit output, and believe with certain
The output of number pattern.
In a kind of above-mentioned intellegent sampling system, the control module includes：
Signal transmission unit is connected with display unit；
Sampling terminates unit, is connected with signal transmission unit.
In a kind of above-mentioned intellegent sampling system, the sampling under non-standard atmospheric pressure is calculated by the integration module
The calculation formula of target air volume：
N=ν1×cosα×t×s；
Wherein, V1It represents in non-standard atmospheric pressure down-sampling target air volume；T represents the sampling time；When N refers to unit
Collected target air volume in interior sampling pipe；ν1Represent wind speed；α is represented between the pointing direction and wind direction of sampler
Angle；T represents the unit interval；S represents the area of section of sampling pipe.
In a kind of above-mentioned intellegent sampling system, according to carat Bai Long equations：PV=nRT is released in normal conditions
(i.e. 25 degrees Celsius and a normal atmosphere pressure), the calculation formula of sampled targets volume of air：
Wherein, P represents pressure, and V represents volume, and T is thermodynamic temperature, and unit is Kelvin, and n is molal quantity, and R is preferable
Gas constant, C represent constant；V0Represent standard atmospheric pressure down-sampling target air volume；T0It represents normal temperature, and is defined as
25 degrees Celsius, i.e. thermodynamic temperature is 298.15K；P0Represent standard atmospheric pressure 101.325 kPas (1atm)；P1Represent sampler
The pressure of place monitoring point；T1The thermodynamic temperature of monitoring point, V where representing sampler1Monitoring point sampling where representing sampler
Target gas volume.
The present invention also provides a kind of application method of intellegent sampling system, including：
Step 1：Target gas is collected by acquisition module；
Step 2：Volume calculating is carried out to sampled air by integration module；
Step 3：Sample magnitude signal is passed into receiving unit；
Step 4：Sample magnitude signal and default sampled targets volumetric quantities signal are compared；
Step 5：According to comparison result, judge whether to complete sampled targets by control module, with signal transmission unit
Alerting signal is sent out to administrative staff；
Step 6：When sampled targets volume of air reaches maximum preset volume, stop sampling, and it is real to send signal notice
It tests personnel and recycles sample.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1), intellegent sampling system provided by the invention by " early warning " in management module and Alarm function, is realized
The volume of accurate sampled targets air in addition, intellegent sampling system is a circulating sampling circuit, realizes sampled targets air
It monitors in real time, further the efficiency of raising sampling and sampled targets air volume is accurate；
(2), numerical value of the sampled targets volume of air under non-standard atmospheric pressure can be accurately calculated by integration module,
And then by the derivation formula of carat Bai Long equations, the numerical value of the target gas sampled in normal conditions can be conversed,
Whether the volume of air sampled needed for can accurately judging in this way reaches default value, is made for follow-up further experiment strong
Numerical basis, and the memory met needed for the formula of above-mentioned storage is smaller, calculating speed is very fast, feasibility and reliability compared with
Height in addition, the application range of above-mentioned formula is not only applicable to vector quantization flow type sampler, is also applied for other samplers；
(3), the application method of intellegent sampling system provided by the invention, by sampled targets air volume from numberical range to
Accurate definite value, from qualitative analysis to quantitative output so that the collection of target air becomes accurate, in addition, passing through beep pattern
Difference can directly, be quickly reacted to operator, it is made accurately to make and is operated in next step.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of vector quantization flow type sampler in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structure diagram of intellegent sampling system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of management module in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of control module in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the vector quantization exploded view of vector quantization flow type sampler.
Fig. 6 is a kind of flow chart of the application method of intellegent sampling system of the present invention.
In figure, 100, sampler；110th, fluid hose；120th, sampling pipe；130th, sieve；140th, retainer ring；150th, hollow pipe；
160th, anemometry device；170th, empennage；180th, rolling bearing；190th, sensing device is rotated；200th, acquisition module；300th, it integrates
Module；400th, management module；410th, receiving unit；420th, storage unit；430th, comparing unit；440th, display unit；500th, it controls
Molding block；510th, signal transmission unit；520th, sampling terminates unit.
Specific embodiment
The following is specific embodiments of the present invention and with reference to attached drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is further described,
But the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, intellegent sampling system provided by the invention is applied in vector quantization flow type sampler 100,
In, vector quantization flow type sampler 100, using supporting structure, sampling media used can different size merging different cross sections
It in the sampling pipe 120 of shape, can delicately be rotated for convenience of sampler 100 with wind speed, sampler 100 is using using light material
Processing and forming, sampling process flow through sampling media naturally for air under wind drive, and object is by with high absorption capacity
Sampling media adsorbs.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, vector quantization flow type sampler 100 includes：Fluid hose 110, in fusiformis setting not its
Sampling pipe 120 is provided with, wherein, the both ends of sampling pipe 120 are each provided with sieve 130 and retainer ring 140；Hollow pipe 150, one end peace
Anemometry device 160 is arranged inside in one end loaded on fluid hose 110, and the axis direction along the other end of hollow pipe 150 is in
Annular array is provided with several empennages 170, to control the degree of balance of fluid hose 110；Rolling bearing 180, is installed on fluid
On the side wall of pipe 110, and the circulating direction for entering with air sampler 100 is perpendicular, wherein, it is provided in rolling bearing 180
Sensing device 190 is rotated, to control the swing angle of sampler 100 in the horizontal plane.
Vector quantization flow type sampler 100 utilizes the sampled medium of wind drive air stream, increases substantially sampling rate,
Shorten the sampling time；Sampling volume is measured according to synchronous wind speed, wind direction and direction data simultaneously and carries out vector quantization, so as to estimate
Calculate contribution degree of all directions source to sample bits point target object；Merged actively sampling sampling flow stablize the advantages of and by
Dynamic sampling without electrical drive power the advantages of, sampling is rapid and sampling volume measuring accuracy is high, and dynamic as sampling without electric energy
Power.
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of intellegent sampling system provided by the invention, including：Acquisition module 200, to sampled targets
Air；Integration module 300 is connected with acquisition module 200, by the information of wind speed, wind direction, calculates in certain time and samples mesh
Mark the volume of air；Management module 400 is connected with integration module 300, receives the sampling air that integration module 300 passes over
The numerical signal of volume, and be pre-set in management module 400 compared with the numerical signal of required volume of air with it, so as to
Send out the signal of early warning or alarm；Control module 500, one end are connected with management module 400, the other end and acquisition module 200
Be connected, by receive management module 400 by sampling volume signal and required volume signals relatively after difference signal, so as to control
Whether acquisition module 200 needs further sampled targets air, and then forms a system of circulating sampling air.
Heretofore described integration module 300 is that input variable is integrated, wherein, the input of module can be mark
Amount or vector, and the dimension of input signal and the dimension of output signal are consistent.
The operation principle of intellegent sampling system provided by the invention, first by acquisition module 200 collect target air, one
After the section time, stop the sampling operation of acquisition module 200, the target air being collected into carries out it by integration module 300
Volume calculates, and is then compared the volume for calculating gained and the default required air volume in management module 400, works as calculating
When the volume of gained is less than default required air volume, acquisition module 200 is driven to be again turned on sample man by control module 500
Make, until air volume needed for reaching；When the volume for calculating gained is more than or equal to default required air volume, lead to
Control module 500 is crossed by the propagation in atmosphere of collection to the next step, progress Data Analysis Services.
Intellegent sampling system provided by the invention by " early warning " in management module and Alarm function, is realized accurate
The volume of sampled targets air in addition, intellegent sampling system is a circulating sampling circuit, realizes the real-time of sampled targets air
It monitors, further the efficiency of raising sampling and sampled targets volume of air is accurate.
Preferably, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, management module 400 includes：Receiving unit 410 is connected with integration module 300,
To receive and store the sampling air volumetric quantities that gained is calculated by integration module 300, and export sample magnitude signal；It deposits
Storage unit 420 to store the numerical signal of pre-set required air volume, and exports default value signal；Compare list
Member 430, one end is connected respectively with receiving unit and storage unit 420, receives sample magnitude signal and default value signal respectively,
And be compared two kinds of signals, export comparison signal；Display unit 440 is connected with the other end of comparing unit 430, receives
The comparison signal that comparing unit 430 exports, and exported in a manner of a kind of signal.
Preferably, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, it is preset in storage unit 420 there are two air numerical value, one of them is minimum
Air numerical value, another is maximum preset air numerical value；When sampling air volumetric quantities less than minimum default air numerical value, show
Show that unit 440 does not send out signal, as " mute " state, continue to sample so as to open acquisition module 200 by control module 500
Target gas；When sampled air volume numerical value is more than minimum preset air numerical value, and is less than maximum preset air numerical value, display
Unit 440 sends out the signal of " intermittent ", continues sampled targets sky so as to open acquisition module 200 by control module 500
Gas；When sampled air volume numerical value is more than maximum preset volume of air numerical value, display unit 440 sends out the signal of " yowl ",
Complete the sampling of target gas.
Preferably, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, control module 500 includes signal transmission unit 510, with display unit
Administrative staff are sent out alerting signal by 440 vectors with signal transmission unit 510；Sampling terminates unit 520, with signal transmission
Unit 510 is connected, and when sampling air volume reaches maximum preset sampled targets volumetric quantities, stops sampling, and pass through signal
Transmission unit 510 sends signal and experimenter is notified to recycle sample.
Preferably, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, when vector quantization flow type sampler 100 carries out target gas sampling
When, at an angle between the pointing direction and wind direction of sampler 100, as α, it follows that ν1'=ν1× cos α,
In, ν1' for sampler 100 pointing direction speed；ν1Wind speed for wind direction.
It is t in the sampling time, the area of section of sampling pipe 120 is S, can all be accurately calculated according to integration module 300
The numerical value of sampled air volume.
N=ν1×cosα×t×s；
Wherein, N refers to target gas volume collected in sampling pipe 120 in the unit interval；V1It represents at one section
Between after t, the volume of air in sampling pipe 120.
And sampled air volume V described above1For the bulking value under off-rating.
It is PV=nRT according to carat Bai Long equations in the case where preferable gas flow is constant (quality or molal quantity), it can
Bulking value under off-rating is converted into the bulking value under standard state, wherein, P represents pressure, and V represents volume, and t is heat
Mechanics temperature, unit are Kelvin, and n is molal quantity, and R is ideal gas constant.
According to carat Bai Long formula：P1V1/T1=P0V0/T0；
It can release：V0=P1V1T0/T1P0；
Wherein, T0It represents normal temperature, and is defined as 25 degrees Celsius, i.e., thermodynamic temperature is 298.15K, P0Expression standard
Atmospheric pressure 101.325 kPas (1atm), V0It represents normal atmosphere pressure, samples the volume of air, P1Represent 100 place of sampler
The pressure of monitoring point, T1Represent the thermodynamic temperature of 100 place monitoring point of sampler, V1Represent that 100 place monitoring point of sampler is adopted
The target air volume of sample.
So as to the target air cubature formula of the monitoring point sampling according to 300 gained of integration module and according to carat Bai Long public affairs
Formula derives formula it is found that the formula of sample gas volume is at normal atmospheric pressure：
Numerical value of the sampled targets volume of air under off-rating can be accurately calculated by integration module 300, into
And by the derivation formula of carat Bai Long equations, the numerical value of the target gas sampled in normal conditions can be conversed, this
Sample can accurately judge whether the required volume of air sampled reaches default value, and strong number is made for follow-up further experiment
It is worth foundation, and the memory met needed for the formula of above-mentioned storage is smaller, calculating speed is very fast, and feasibility and reliability are higher,
In addition, the application range of above-mentioned formula is not only applicable to vector quantization flow type sampler 100, it is also applied for other samplers
100。
The present invention also provides a kind of application method of intellegent sampling system, as shown in fig. 6, it includes the following steps：
Step 1：Target gas is collected by acquisition module 200；
Vector quantization flow type sampler 100 is positioned in sampled targets air, passes through sampling pipe 120 in sampler 100
Target gas is collected, while by the rolling bearing 180 and empennage 170 in sampler 100, keeps sampler 100 in air-flow
It blows down, keeps balance, improve the acquisition rate of target gas and provide safeguard for the calculating of subsequent sampling volume of air；
Step 2：Volume calculating is carried out to sampled air by integration module 300；
After a period of time is collected, stop the sampling operation of acquisition module 200, and it is empty to sampling to pass through integration module 300
Gas carries out volume calculating, and calculation uses integral way so that and result of calculation becomes more accurate, wherein, pass through integration
The sampled air volume that module 300 calculates gained is the air volume under non-standard atmospheric pressure；
Step 3：Sample magnitude signal is passed into receiving unit；
The numerical value conversion for the sampled air volume for calculating gained is transmitted into sample magnitude signal, and by sample magnitude signal
To receiving unit, and it is stored in receiving unit 410；
Step 4：Sample magnitude signal and default value signal are compared；
Default value signal in sample magnitude signal and storage unit 420 in receiving unit 410 is transmitted to ratio
Compared in unit 430, sample magnitude signal and default value signal are compared, and comparison signal is exported, wherein, present count
Value signal is minimum default value signal and maximum preset numerical signal；
Step 5：According to comparison result, judge whether to complete sampled targets by control module 500, with signal transmission
Unit 510 sends out alerting signal to administrative staff；
Comparison signal is transmitted in display unit 440, when sample magnitude signal is less than minimum default value signal, is shown
Show that unit 440 for " mute ", i.e., does not make a sound；When sample magnitude signal is more than minimum default value signal, and less than default
During numerical signal, display unit 440 sends out the signal of " intermittent "；When sample magnitude signal is more than maximum preset numerical signal
When, display unit 440 sends out the signal of " yowl "；
Step 6：When sampled targets volume of air reaches maximum preset volume, stop sampling, and it is real to send signal notice
It tests personnel and recycles sample.
When display unit 440 shows mute signal, acquisition module 200 is again turned on by control module 500 and samples mesh
Mark air；When display unit 440 shows the signal of " intermittent ", acquisition module 200 is again turned on by control module 500
Sampled targets air, but to monitor in real time, calculate, prevent sampled air volume excessive；When display unit 440 is shown " yowl "
During signal, the sampling of target gas is completed, and the subsequent experiment detection of air feeding completed will be sampled.
The application method of intellegent sampling system provided by the invention, by sampled targets volume of air from numberical range to accurate
Definite value, from qualitative analysis to quantitative output so that the collection of target gas becomes accurate, in addition, by the difference of beep pattern,
It can directly, quickly react to operator, it is made accurately to make and is operated in next step.
Specific embodiment described herein is only an example for the spirit of the invention.Technology belonging to the present invention is led
The technical staff in domain can do various modifications or additions to described specific embodiment or replace in a similar way
In generation, however, it does not deviate from the spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of intellegent sampling system, which is characterized in that including：
Acquisition module；
Integration module, one end are connected with one end of the acquisition module；
Management module, one end are connected with the other end of the integration module；
Control module, one end are connected with the other end of the management module, the other end of the control module and the acquisition mould
The block other end is connected.
2. a kind of intellegent sampling system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the intellegent sampling system is empty for cycle
Gas sampling circuit.
3. a kind of intellegent sampling system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the management module includes：
Receiving unit is connected with the integration module, and forms sample magnitude signal；
Storage unit, the numerical signal for the required volume of air that prestores, and export default value signal；
Comparing unit, one end are connected respectively with receiving unit and storage unit, receive sample magnitude signal and default value respectively
Signal, and two kinds of signals are compared, export comparison signal；
Display unit is connected with the other end of comparing unit, receives the comparison signal of comparing unit output, and with certain sound mould
Formula exports.
4. a kind of intellegent sampling system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the control module includes：
Signal transmission unit is connected with display unit；
Sampling terminates unit, is connected with signal transmission unit.
5. a kind of intellegent sampling system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that calculated by the integration module non-
The calculation formula of the sampled targets volume of air of normal air pressure：
N=ν1×cosα×t×s；
Wherein, V1It represents to depress sampled targets volume of air in non-standard air；T represents the sampling time；N referred in the unit interval
Collected target gas volume in sampling pipe；ν1Represent wind speed；α represents the folder between the pointing direction and wind direction of sampler
Angle；S represents the area of section of sampling pipe.
6. a kind of intellegent sampling system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that according to carat Bai Long equations：PV=
NRT releases (i.e. 25 degrees Celsius and a normal atmosphere pressure) in normal conditions, and the calculating of sampled targets volume of air is public
Formula：
Wherein, P represents pressure, and V represents volume, and T is thermodynamic temperature, and unit is Kelvin, and n is molal quantity, and R is preferable gas
Body constant；V0Represent standard atmospheric pressure down-sampling target gas volume；T0It it is 25 degrees Celsius, i.e., thermodynamic temperature is 298.15K；
P0Represent standard atmospheric pressure 101.325 kPas (1atm)；P1The pressure of monitoring point where representing sampler；T1Represent sampler institute
Thermodynamic temperature in monitoring point, V1The target gas volume of monitoring point sampling where representing sampler.
7. a kind of application method of intellegent sampling system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, it is characterised in that it includes：
Step 1：Target gas is collected by acquisition module；
Step 2：Volume calculating is carried out to sampled air by integration module；
Step 3：Sample magnitude signal is passed into receiving unit；
Step 4：Sample magnitude signal and default sampled targets volumetric quantities signal are compared；
Step 5：According to comparison result, judge whether to complete sampled targets by control module, with signal transmission unit to pipe
Reason personnel send out alerting signal；
Step 6：When sampled targets volume of air reaches maximum preset volume, stop sampling, and send signal notice experiment people
Member's recycling sample.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112268983A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-26 | 中国建设银行股份有限公司 | A intelligent glasses for health management |
| CN113973279A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-01-25 | 深圳市宇驰检测技术股份有限公司 | Monitoring data synchronization method and device, monitoring equipment and readable storage medium |
| JP2022532910A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2022-07-20 | スポルネード インコーポレイテッド | Systems and methods for collecting bioaerosols |
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