CN108225819A - The quantitative interview device and investigation method of a kind of lake and reservoir submerged plant - Google Patents
The quantitative interview device and investigation method of a kind of lake and reservoir submerged plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN108225819A CN108225819A CN201810168497.6A CN201810168497A CN108225819A CN 108225819 A CN108225819 A CN 108225819A CN 201810168497 A CN201810168497 A CN 201810168497A CN 108225819 A CN108225819 A CN 108225819A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000001491 myopia Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004379 myopia Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000038651 primary producers Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0098—Plants or trees
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
Abstract
The present invention relates to the quantitative interview devices and investigation method of a kind of lake and reservoir submerged plant, belong to waters metering device technical field, device includes drag rope, automatic slack rope hooks and grab careless bucket；Automatic slack rope hook includes tablet and hooks plate, and drag rope is connect with tablet；It hooks plate one end and is equipped with eave tile, hook plate and be hinged with tablet；It grabs grass bucket and includes two grab buckets, grab bucket for grabbing the plant that is filled with water, the opposite one end articulated connection of two grab buckets, hinged place is equipped with steel wire rope, grabs grass bucket and be connected on tablet by the steel wire rope of hinged place；The one end of two grab buckets away from each other is connected together by steel wire rope.In the sampling area for determining lake or reservoir, submerged vegetation is captured using the device, calculates the Submerged plant communities biomass and diversity of sampling water body.The present invention can more accurately estimate the biomass and its coverage rate of lake and reservoir submerged plant；More comprehensively understand the structure of community and species diversity of lake and reservoir submerged plant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the quantitative interview devices and investigation method of a kind of lake and reservoir submerged plant, belong to waters metering dress
Put technical field.
Background technology
Aquatic vegetation plays very important during the construction of entire water ecosystem, balance, maintenance, recovery etc.
Effect.First, as primary producer, direct or indirect for all kinds of aquatic animals provides food basis, and then is formed complicated
Food chain, the ecosystem to ultimately form complicated provides necessary condition；Secondly, the substance cycle of the ecosystem is adjusted,
Maintain the benign cycle of the ecosystem；Again, aquatic macrophyte is with phytoplankton by competing nutriment and growing space,
And the light-shading effect and secretion gram algae substance formed, the excess of algae can be inhibited to breed the biology for remaining higher well more
The water environment of sample and health.Based on the above-mentioned function of submerged plant, we plant in order to be better understood by sinking water in lake
Biomass, coverage rate, structure of community and the species diversity of object, the ecological functions to restore lake and reservoir water body health provide
Basic data.Thus urgently find a kind of comprehensive, relatively accurate estimation lake and reservoir biomass of submerged plant and coverage rate
Quantitative interview method.
Chinese patent document 201310338245.0 discloses a kind of hand-held aquatic plant harvesting apparatus, applied to aquatic
The trimming harvesting of plant, including：Operating lever；Dynamic rake and quiet rake, quiet rake are fixed on operating lever front end, and dynamic rake is rotatably arranged on quiet rake
On, the dynamic rake and quiet harrow include the more rake ribs in fan-shaped setting, and the every upside for harrowing rib or downside are equipped at least two
A rake teeth, wherein, the rake teeth for moving rake rake rib end is equipped with cutting sheet formation cutting teeth；Tension rope, one end are connected with dynamic rake, separately
One end is connect with operating lever tail end, and when pulling the tension rope, tension rope drives the dynamic relatively quiet rake displacement of rake, moves the rake teeth of rake
It is engaged with the rake teeth of quiet rake, cutting teeth is sheared with corresponding quiet rake rake teeth.Although the device is suitable for shallow water area but not
Suitable for deepwater regions.Meanwhile the device can not carry out quantitative collection to submerged plant, therefore not be suitable for submerged plant life
Object amount estimation research.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant.
The present invention also provides the investigation methods using above device.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant hooks and grabs careless bucket including drag rope, automatic slack rope；
Automatic slack rope hook includes tablet and hooks plate, and tablet both ends are respectively provided with connector, and drag rope passes through a connector
It is connect with tablet；It hooks plate one end and is equipped with eave tile, hook plate and be hinged with tablet；
It grabs grass bucket and includes two grab buckets, grab bucket for grabbing the plant that is filled with water, the opposite one end articulated connection of two grab buckets is hinged
Place is equipped with steel wire rope, grabs grass bucket and is connected on tablet another connector by the steel wire rope of hinged place；Two grab buckets are remote mutually
From one end be connected together by steel wire rope.
According to currently preferred, grab bucket includes two grab bucket jaws, is connected with headwall between two jaws of grabbing bucket, and two
A grab bucket jaw one end is connected with bucket bottom.The each composition that is not always the case of grabbing bucket of two grab buckets.
It is further preferred that it is eighth fanning strip that grab bucket Jaw plate, which is cross-sectional area, the arc end of two fanning strips
Bucket bottom is connected with, two fanning strips are connected with headwall between a respective diameter side.Two grab bucket Jaw plates, a bucket
Wall, one bucket bottom be combined into one have cavity volume, can be with the grab bucket of pick-and-place plant, fanning strip has two diameter sides, and headwall is only set on
At one diameter side, at another diameter side of two fanning strips open setting, using as grab bucket cavity volume opening.
It is further preferred that the opposite side in bottom of struggling against of two grab buckets is equipped with tooth engaged.When two grab buckets are raised, sting
Tooth is closed to can be used for capturing and cutting off the water plant having been enter into inside grab bucket.
It is further preferred that grab bucket jaw is equipped with water hole.When grab bucket bottom crawl plant grab bucket in cavity volume, to
On when lifting, the water in grab bucket can be flowed away by water hole, only take plant out of.
According to currently preferred, the hinged one end of two grab buckets are equipped with through-hole, run through in through-hole and are equipped with iron staff, two are grabbed
Bucket is hinged by iron staff.
According to currently preferred, hinged place and the center of gravity of hook plate for hooking plate and tablet are misaligned.
It is further preferred that the hinged place for hooking plate and tablet is located between hook plate center of gravity and eave tile.Therefore when hook plate does not have
When external force acts on, plate center of gravity is hooked under the effect of gravity and is tilted less than plate tablet hinged place, eave tile is hooked to top eminence.
It is further preferred that the hinged place for hooking plate and tablet is located at one similar in the connector for grabbing grass bucket on tablet with connecting
End.When eave tile catch on grab bucket between connecting steel wire ropes, place a device into water when, from top to bottom stress transmission is：By drawing
Rope pulls one connector of tablet, tenses the connecting rope between grab bucket by the hinged hook plate of the other end, eave tile, hooks plate with putting down
The hinged place of plate is bordering on the tablet one end for even grabbing grass bucket, not by plate effect during the vertical stress of eave tile.
A kind of investigation method of the quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant is as follows including step：
(1), by Google Maps, lake or reservoir profile and water front are measured；
(2), lake or the reservoir depth of water are detected by portable sounding instrument, determines isobath；
(3), entire coverage of water ratio is accounted for based on lake and reservoir profile, different water depth and different water depth region area,
By different water depth region, myopia in a square, then arranges sample prescription, each sample using diagonal way on Google Maps
The arrangement of five sampled points is also sampled using diagonal form in side；
(4), quantitative sampling is carried out using grab type quantitative interview device, when use opens simultaneously two grab buckets, two
The steel wire rope of grab bucket one end away from each other is suspended on the eave tile for hooking plate, and grass bucket will be grabbed slowly into the water by drag rope；
When grabbing grass bucket and bottoming out, loosen and shake connecting the drag rope that automatic slack rope hooks upper end, hook plate under the gravity of itself,
Down, lighter eave tile up, hangs over the steel wire rope above eave tile and comes off naturally for heavier tail portion；By drag rope slowly at this time
It pulls up, grabs grass bucket and be engaged and rise, while the grab bucket tooth engaged closed up is cut under the lineoutofservice signal pull effect of connection tablet
The disconnected submerged plant in grab bucket is suggested the water surface therewith；The submerged vegetation in grab bucket is taken out, removes withered branch, leaf and miscellaneous
Submerged plant cleaning is dried, numbers pack by matter, is differentiated type and is weighed respectively；
(5), submerged plant is acquired 5 times and numbered by diagonal way in each sample prescription region；On-site measurement is each
The depth of water, water temperature, transparency, pH value, dissolved oxygen rate, conductivity and each sampling point sediment types of discriminating of sampling point；
(6), according to existing biomass of submerged plant calculation formula (1), (2), the submerged plant group of sampling water body is calculated
Object amount of being born and diversity；
In formula：mfFor the submerged plant standing crop that fresh weight represents, unit g/m2；m1For sample fresh weight, unit g；A is
Sample prescription region area, unit m2；
In formula：mbFor the submerged plant standing crop that dry weight represents, unit g/m2；m2For sample dry weight, unit g；A is
Sample prescription region area, unit m2；
Wherein, sample fresh weight m1Quality when not dripping for sample；Sample dry weight mbIt is to take part fresh weight sample as increment
Product, at 80 DEG C, drying to constant weight, then by subsample dry weight conversion sample dry weight；Finally by unit plane deposition water in different zones
The biomass estimation of plant goes out the biomass of the submerged plant of different lake region, is accounted for entirely further according to different zones coverage of water
The ratio of the area in lake estimates the biomass of entire lake or reservoir submerged plant；
The diversity indices of submerged plant calculates, including following three classes：1) Shannon-Wenner diversity indices；2)
Pielou evenness indexs；3) Margalef diversity indexes；
Shannon-Wenner diversity indicesWherein S=species number；Pi=i-th species
Body number accounts for the ratio of total species number of individuals；
Pielou evenness indexsThe value range of E is (0~1)；
Margalef species richness index D=(S-1)/lnN, wherein S=species number；All species numbers of N=are total
With.
Preferably, in step (6), sample dry weight mbNo less than 20% fresh weight sample is taken as subsample.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Technical scheme of the present invention can select representative sampling according to the shape, the depth of water, water front of lake and reservoir
Point.The new-type grab type used adopt straw articles can more accurately submerged plant in quantitative collection lake and reservoir, can more it is accurate really
The type for determining lake and reservoir submerged plant and the biomass for calculating submerged plant and coverage rate.With traditional grass folder and under water adopted
Rotation reaping hook is compared, which adopts that straw articles operation is simpler and conveniently, and the scope of application is wider, this programme grab grass bucket it is included from
Weight, may be adapted to the region of different water depth.The present apparatus is under the premise of ensureing that other parts are without any changes, by simple
The length of adjustment drag rope can be achieved with the quantitative collection to different water depth region submerged plant.And structure member letter of the present invention
Practice, it is not easy to break down, save cost convenient for safeguarding.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view (entering the state diagram opened before water) of quantitative interview device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the front view (state diagram closed up after water outlet) of quantitative interview device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the automatic slack rope hooking structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
In figure：1st, drag rope, 2, automatic slack rope hook, 21, tablet, 22, hook plate, 23, eave tile, 3, steel wire rope, 4, steel wire
Rope, 5, grab bucket jaw, 6, iron staff, 7, water hole, 8, headwall, 9, bucket bottom.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described by way of example and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but not limited to this.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant hooks and grabs careless bucket including drag rope, automatic slack rope；From
Dynamic slack rope hook includes tablet and hooks plate, and tablet both ends are respectively provided with connector, and drag rope is connect by a connector with tablet；
It hooks plate one end and is equipped with eave tile, hook plate and be hinged with tablet；It grabs grass bucket and includes two and grab bucket, grab bucket to grab the plant that is filled with water, two
It grabs bucket the articulated connection of opposite one end, hinged place is equipped with steel wire rope, and grabbing grass bucket, by the steel wire rope of hinged place to be connected to tablet another
On a connector；The one end of two grab buckets away from each other is connected together by steel wire rope.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant, structure as described in Example 1, the difference is that grabbing
Bucket includes two grab bucket jaws, and headwall is connected between two grab bucket jaws, and two grab bucket jaw one end are connected with bucket bottom.
The each composition that is not always the case of grabbing bucket of two grab buckets.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant, structure as described in Example 2, the difference is that grabbing
Bucket Jaw plate is that cross-sectional area is eighth fanning strip, and the arc end of two fanning strips is connected with bucket bottom, two fanning strips
Headwall is connected between a respective diameter side.Two grab bucket Jaw plates, a headwall, a bucket bottom are combined into one and have appearance
Chamber, can be with the grab bucket of pick-and-place plant, fanning strip has two diameter sides, and headwall is only set at a diameter side, two fanning strips
At another diameter side open setting, using as grab bucket cavity volume opening.
Embodiment 4：
A kind of quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant, structure as described in Example 3, the difference is that two
The side that the bucket bottom of a grab bucket is opposite is equipped with tooth engaged.When two grab buckets are raised, tooth engaged can be used for capturing and cutting off
Water plant into inside grab bucket.
Embodiment 5：
A kind of quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant, structure as described in Example 2, the difference is that grabbing
The jaw that struggles against is equipped with water hole.When grab bucket captures plant when grabbing bucket in cavity volume, being lifted up at the bottom, the water in grab bucket can lead to
It crosses water hole to flow away, only takes plant out of.
Embodiment 6：
A kind of quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant, structure as described in Example 1, the difference is that two
The hinged one end of a grab bucket is equipped with through-hole, runs through in through-hole and is equipped with iron staff, two grab buckets are hinged by iron staff.
Embodiment 7：
A kind of quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant, structure as described in Example 1, the difference is that hook
The hinged place of plate and tablet and the center of gravity for hooking plate are misaligned.The hinged place for hooking plate and tablet is located between hook plate center of gravity and eave tile.
Therefore when hook plate does not have external force effect, plate center of gravity is hooked under the effect of gravity and tilts supreme less than plate tablet hinged place, eave tile is hooked
Square eminence.The hinged place for hooking plate and tablet is located at one end similar in the connector for grabbing grass bucket on tablet with connecting.When eave tile is caught on
Connecting steel wire ropes between grab bucket, when placing a device into water, stress transmission from top to bottom is：Tablet one is pulled by drag rope
A connector tenses the connecting rope between grab bucket by the hinged hook plate of the other end, eave tile, and the hinged place for hooking plate and tablet is bordering on
Tablet one end of grass bucket is grabbed by company, not by plate effect during the vertical stress of eave tile.
Embodiment 8：
The investigation method of the quantitative interview device of a kind of lake and reservoir submerged plant using described in embodiment 7, including step
It is rapid as follows：
(1), by Google Maps, lake or reservoir profile and water front are measured；
(2), lake or the reservoir depth of water are detected by portable sounding instrument, determines isobath；
(3), entire coverage of water ratio is accounted for based on lake and reservoir profile, different water depth and different water depth region area,
By different water depth region, myopia in a square, then arranges sample prescription, each sample using diagonal way on Google Maps
The arrangement of five sampled points is also sampled using diagonal form in side；
(4), quantitative sampling is carried out using grab type quantitative interview device, when use opens simultaneously two grab buckets, two
The steel wire rope of grab bucket one end away from each other is suspended on the eave tile for hooking plate, and grass bucket will be grabbed slowly into the water by drag rope；
When grabbing grass bucket and bottoming out, loosen and shake connecting the drag rope that automatic slack rope hooks upper end, hook plate under the gravity of itself,
Down, lighter eave tile up, hangs over the steel wire rope above eave tile and comes off naturally for heavier tail portion；By drag rope slowly at this time
It pulls up, grabs grass bucket and be engaged and rise, while the grab bucket tooth engaged closed up is cut under the lineoutofservice signal pull effect of connection tablet
The disconnected submerged plant in grab bucket is suggested the water surface therewith；The submerged vegetation in grab bucket is taken out, removes withered branch, leaf and miscellaneous
Submerged plant cleaning is dried, numbers pack by matter, is differentiated type and is weighed respectively；
(5), submerged plant is acquired 5 times and numbered by diagonal way in each sample prescription (3m × 3m) region；Scene
Measure the depth of water, water temperature, transparency, pH value, dissolved oxygen rate, conductivity and each sampling point sediment types of discriminating of each sampling point；
(6), according to existing biomass of submerged plant calculation formula (1), (2), the submerged plant group of sampling water body is calculated
Object amount of being born and diversity；
In formula：mfFor the submerged plant standing crop that fresh weight represents, unit g/m2；m1For sample fresh weight, unit g；A is
Sample prescription region area, unit m2；
In formula：mbFor the submerged plant standing crop that dry weight represents, unit g/m2；m2For sample dry weight, unit g；A is
Sample prescription region area, unit m2；
Wherein, sample fresh weight m1Quality when not dripping for sample；Sample dry weight mbIt is that no less than 20% fresh weight sample is taken to make
For subsample, at 80 DEG C, drying to constant weight, then by subsample dry weight conversion sample dry weight；Finally by unit plane in different zones
The biomass estimation of product submerged plant goes out the biomass of the submerged plant of different lake region, further according to different zones coverage of water
The ratio for accounting for the area in entire lake estimates the biomass of entire lake or reservoir submerged plant；
The diversity indices of submerged plant calculates, including following three classes：1) Shannon-Wenner diversity indices；2)
Pielou evenness indexs；3) Margalef diversity indexes；
Shannon-Wenner diversity indicesWherein S=species number；Pi=i-th species
Body number accounts for the ratio of total species number of individuals；
Pielou evenness indexsThe value range of E is (0~1)；
Margalef species richness index D=(S-1)/lnN, wherein S=species number；All species numbers of N=are total
With.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant, which is characterized in that including drag rope, automatic slack rope hook and
Grab careless bucket；
Automatically slack rope hook includes tablet and hooks plate, and tablet both ends are respectively provided with connector, and drag rope is by a connector with putting down
Plate connects；It hooks plate one end and is equipped with eave tile, hook plate and be hinged with tablet；
It grabs grass bucket and includes two grab buckets, grab bucket for grabbing the plant that is filled with water, the opposite one end articulated connection of two grab buckets, hinged place is set
There is steel wire rope, grab grass bucket and be connected on tablet another connector by the steel wire rope of hinged place；Two are grabbed bucket away from each other
One end is connected together by steel wire rope.
2. the quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that grab bucket includes two
A grab bucket jaw is connected with headwall between two grab bucket jaws, and two grab bucket jaw one end are connected with bucket bottom.
3. the quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant according to claim 2, which is characterized in that grab bucket Jaw plate be
Cross-sectional area is eighth fanning strip, and the arc end of two fanning strips is connected with bucket bottom, two fanning strips respective one
Headwall is connected between diameter side.
4. the quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant according to claim 2, which is characterized in that two grab bucket
The opposite side in bottom struggle against equipped with tooth engaged.
5. the quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant according to claim 2, which is characterized in that on grab bucket jaw
Equipped with water hole.
6. the quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that two grab bucket hinges
The one end connect is equipped with through-hole, runs through in through-hole and is equipped with iron staff, two grab buckets are hinged by iron staff.
7. the quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that hook plate and tablet
Hinged place and hook plate center of gravity it is misaligned；
Preferably, the hinged place for hooking plate and tablet is located between hook plate center of gravity and eave tile.
8. the quantitative interview device of lake and reservoir submerged plant according to claim 7, which is characterized in that hook plate and tablet
Hinged place be located on tablet with connect grab grass bucket connector similar in one end.
9. a kind of investigation method of quantitative interview device using lake and reservoir submerged plant described in claim 1, including step
It is rapid as follows：
(1), by map, lake or reservoir profile and water front are measured；
(2), lake or the reservoir depth of water are detected by portable sounding instrument, determines isobath；
(3), entire coverage of water ratio is accounted for based on lake and reservoir profile, different water depth and different water depth region area, it will not
With depth of water region, myopia in a square, then arranges sample prescription using diagonal way on map, five in each sample prescription
The arrangement of sampled point is also sampled using diagonal form；
(4), quantitative sampling is carried out using grab type quantitative interview device, when use opens simultaneously two grab buckets, and two are grabbed bucket
The steel wire rope of one end is suspended on the eave tile for hooking plate away from each other, and grass bucket will be grabbed slowly into the water by drag rope；When grabbing
When grass bucket bottoms out, loosen and shake connecting the drag rope that automatic slack rope hooks upper end, hook plate under the gravity of itself, it is heavier
Tail portion down, lighter eave tile up, hangs over the steel wire rope above eave tile and comes off naturally；It is at this time that drag rope is slowly upward
It draws, grabs grass bucket and be engaged and rise under the lineoutofservice signal pull effect of connection tablet, while the grab bucket tooth engaged cut-out closed up
Submerged plant in grab bucket is suggested the water surface therewith；The submerged vegetation in grab bucket is taken out, removes withered branch, leaf and impurity,
Submerged plant cleaning is dried, numbers pack, differentiate type and is weighed respectively；
(5), submerged plant is acquired 5 times and numbered by diagonal way in each sample prescription region；The each sampling point of on-site measurement
The depth of water, water temperature, transparency, pH value, dissolved oxygen rate, conductivity and differentiate each sampling point sediment types；
(6), according to existing biomass of submerged plant calculation formula (1), (2), the Submerged plant communities life of sampling water body is calculated
Object amount and diversity；
In formula：mf.For the submerged plant standing crop that fresh weight represents, unit g/m2；m1.For sample fresh weight, unit g；A is sample prescription
Region area, unit m2；
In formula：mbFor the submerged plant standing crop that dry weight represents, unit g/m2；m2For sample dry weight, unit g；A is sample prescription
Region area, unit m2；
Wherein, sample fresh weight m1.Quality when not dripping for sample；Sample dry weight mbIt is to take part fresh weight sample as subsample,
At 80 DEG C, drying to constant weight, then by subsample dry weight conversion sample dry weight；It is planted finally by unit plane deposition water in different zones
The biomass estimation of object goes out the biomass of the submerged plant of different lake region, and entire lake is accounted for further according to different zones coverage of water
The ratio of the area of pool estimates the biomass of entire lake or reservoir submerged plant；
The diversity indices of submerged plant calculates, including following three classes：1) Shannon-Wenner diversity indices；2)Pielou
Evenness index；3) Margalef diversity indexes；
Shannon-Wenner diversity indicesWherein S=species number；Pi=i-th species number of individuals
Account for the ratio of total species number of individuals；
Pielou evenness indexsThe value range of E is (0~1)；
Margalef species richness index D=(S-1)/lnN, wherein S=species number；The summation of all species numbers of N=.
10. investigation method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that in step (6), sample dry weight mbTake no less than 20%
Fresh weight sample as subsample.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810168497.6A CN108225819A (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2018-02-28 | The quantitative interview device and investigation method of a kind of lake and reservoir submerged plant |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810168497.6A CN108225819A (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2018-02-28 | The quantitative interview device and investigation method of a kind of lake and reservoir submerged plant |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108225819A true CN108225819A (en) | 2018-06-29 |
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| CN201810168497.6A Pending CN108225819A (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2018-02-28 | The quantitative interview device and investigation method of a kind of lake and reservoir submerged plant |
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| CN109778815A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-05-21 | 屠添羽 | A kind of rescue fishing device of floater |
| CN110376018A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-10-25 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | It is a kind of enter lake hay original place collection device and enter lake grass quantity measuring method |
| US11679491B1 (en) | 2022-07-20 | 2023-06-20 | John J. King | Retrieving tool and method |
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