CN108225537A - A kind of contactless small items vibration measurement method based on high-speed photography - Google Patents
A kind of contactless small items vibration measurement method based on high-speed photography Download PDFInfo
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- CN108225537A CN108225537A CN201711164184.5A CN201711164184A CN108225537A CN 108225537 A CN108225537 A CN 108225537A CN 201711164184 A CN201711164184 A CN 201711164184A CN 108225537 A CN108225537 A CN 108225537A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of contactless small items vibration measurement methods based on high-speed photography, it is combined by endoscope with CMOS high speed cameras, endoscope is put in inside small items mechanical structure to be measured, the video of its internal vibration of shooting, collecting, and the video taken is uploaded to computer, it is analyzed using TEMA softwares, so as to measure each item data of small items vibration to be measured.The present invention dismantles part Simple part without target object is dismantled completely, you can stretches into inside small items to be measured endoscope and measures, simplifies measurement operation, improve measurement accuracy；Moreover, environmental suitability is strong, micrometer wisp can be treated under poisonous and harmful, high temperature, radioactivity and hazardous environment and carries out contactless vibration measurement；Also have to measure and low, simple operation and other advantages are required to hardware condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of vibration measurement and analysis more particularly to a kind of contactless based on taking the photograph at a high speed
The small items vibration measurement method of shadow.
Background technology
The parameter (such as displacement, voltage) that vibration refers to describe system mode in a broad sense becomes alternatively up and down in its a reference value
The process of change.The finger mechanical oscillation of narrow sense, i.e. vibration in mechanical system refer to object or particle and are made near its equilbrium position
Regular reciprocating motion.
The power of vibration is weighed with vibratory output, and vibratory output can be displacement, speed or the acceleration of vibrating body.It is existing
In vibration measurement technique, mainly done using the contact measurement method of various foil gauges and acceleration transducer and using laser
Relate to the contactless measurement of technology and Doppler radar.Wherein again using the contact measurement methods such as the sensor of acceleration as
Main, there are inefficiency, wiring in practical application to bother, and load effect influence measurement result accuracy etc. is a series of to be met
The problem of a variety of experimental conditions.
As high speed photography and data transmission memory technology gradually develop, the shooting speed of digital camera is increasingly
Soon, the more and more finer camera cost of image obtained also gradually declines, and the image processing and analyzing technology of simultaneous computer also develops
Rapidly, the contactless vibration measurement method based on high-speed photography has been more and more widely used, and can adapt to a variety of experiments
Environment, such as high temperature, high pressure, capture microvibration amount etc..
Have the contactless vibration measurement method based on image, such as number of patent application in the prior art：
CN201611119112.4, the applying date：On December 8th, 2016, patent name：A kind of contactless high ferro roadbed vibration measurement system
System, this application disclose a kind of contactless high ferro roadbed Vibration-Measuring System, which includes bar code ruler, optical imagery system
System, embedded displacement sensor, terminal display module and communication module.The black and white of interleaved is set on bar code ruler
Bar code, black bar width is different, and the medium spacing of adjacent two secret notes code is equal；Optical imaging system is according to preset
Period obtains bar code ruler realtime graphic；Embedded Imaging System obtains bar code ruler realtime graphic according to the preset period；It is embedding
Enter formula displacement sensor and include bar code image acquisition and transmission module, information reception and processing module, bar code image is acquired and passed
Defeated module is connect with optical imaging system is acquired black bar code information, information receive with processing module to the information of acquisition into
Row A/D is converted and is handled the physical location obtained corresponding to secret note code, and the vibration data of high ferro roadbed can be obtained with this.The Shen
Please have many advantages, such as that non-contact, measurement range is wide, does not change testee vibration characteristics to a certain extent, but in this application
Measuring cell is various, and installation is complicated, is suitble to measure larger object, it is difficult to which the vibration measurement for meeting small space micro component will
It asks.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide one kind can environmental suitability it is strong, without by target
Object is dismantled, is low to hardware condition requirement completely, the small items vibration easy to operate, contactless based on high-speed photography is surveyed
Amount method.
To achieve the above object, technical solution provided by the present invention is：
Endoscope is combined with CMOS high speed cameras, endoscope is put in inside small items mechanical structure to be measured, shooting is adopted
Collect the video of its internal vibration, and the video taken is uploaded to computer, analyzed using TEMA softwares, so as to measure
Each item data of small items vibration to be measured.
It is as follows：
It does not shine, generate heat and radiationless mark point being pasted with tweezers for small items to be measured before S1, shooting；
S2, fixed small items to be measured, connection computer and CMOS high speed cameras, open high speed camera on computer it is special into
As software, camera direction is adjusted, makes small items to be measured blur-free imaging on computers；
S3, endoscope is stretched into inside small items mechanical structure to be measured, survey minim is treated using CMOS high speed cameras
Vibration Condition inside body mechanical structure is shot, and obtains vibration video；
S4, the first frame image for intercepting video are chosen the image-region where plane marker point, are calculated according to reference point identifying
Method identifies the range areas of plane marker；
S5, two coordinate system oxy are established as coordinate origin using the center of plane marker point respectively on object and in image
And ouv, according to the size of the reality between the sampled point of measurement and the mark point characteristic range region identified on the image, calculate
The projection matrix M of CMOS high speed cameras calibration；
S6, the taken video vibrated is preserved, while save as several frame numbers by CMOS high speed camera software kits PCC
Image, and number；
S7, the actual range measured in global coordinate system between mark point are input to TEMA image analysis softwares, ensure to clap
It is 1 to take the photograph image and actual size ratio:1；Video is handled using analysis software TEMA, obtains sampled point in image coordinate
The lower 2D coordinates of system, 2D coordinate of the sampled point under actual coordinates is obtained by measuring, according to the projection matrix M being calculated,
Calculate the actual physics coordinate representated by each pixel on image；
S8, it is changed over time by the position and sampled point of each frame image features central sampling point of TEMA softwares acquisition
Position afterwards；
S9, the displacement information of the sampled point on all images is decomposed to x, in y-axis, obtains small items vibration to be measured
Displacement curve；
S10, it first differential operation is done to displacement information obtains velocity information, so as to obtain the speed of small items vibration to be measured
It writes music line；First differential operation is done to velocity information and obtains acceleration information, so as to obtain the acceleration of small items vibration to be measured
It writes music line；
S11, according to the displacement of acquisition, speed, acceleration information, carry out fast Fourier transformation operation and obtain frequency domain information,
The frequency spectrum vibrated；Further according to time domain and frequency domain information, mode of oscillation, the monitoring duty of target object are calculated.
Further, the calculation formula for the projection matrix M that CMOS high speed cameras are demarcated is as follows in step S5：
Wherein, s is scale factor, and it is 1 to enable it, then
The coordinate value of three sampled points in sampling area is substituted into above formula and is obtained about mpq(p=1,2,3, q=1,2,
4) linear function group solves to obtain the value of each element coefficient inside Metzler matrix, so as to acquire CMOS using Gaussian elimination method
The projection matrix M of high speed camera calibration.
Further, step S7 fall into a trap actual physics coordinate of the nomogram as on representated by each pixel formula it is as follows：
,
Wherein, (u, v) represents any point in any one frame image, and (x, y) is the object that (u, v) is mapped to actual scene
Manage coordinate.
Further, step S8 obtains the position of each frame image features central sampling point and sampled point changes over time
Position afterwards is as follows：The characteristics of image center of corresponding sampled point in remaining first frame image is compared
It is right, the picture displacement of sampled point is obtained, if image coordinate of j-th of sampled point in the i-th frame image is (usij, vsij), then
The picture displacement of j sampled point is denoted as duv, calculation formula is：
Further, shooting environmental is increased using xenon lamp cold light source when endoscope is combined shooting video with CMOS high speed cameras
The brightness of surrounding.
Compared with prior art, this programme principle is as follows：
Endoscope is combined with CMOS high speed cameras, endoscope is put in inside small items mechanical structure to be measured, shooting is adopted
Collect the video of its internal vibration, and the video taken is uploaded to computer, analyzed using TEMA softwares, so as to measure
Each item data of small items vibration to be measured.
Compared with prior art, it is as follows the advantages of this programme：
1. without target object is dismantled completely, but dismantle part Simple part, you can endoscope is stretched into and treats micrometer
It is measured inside wisp, simplifies measurement operation, while improve measurement accuracy.
2. environmental suitability is strong, the progress of micrometer wisp can be treated under poisonous and harmful, high temperature, radioactivity and hazardous environment
Contactless vibration measurement.
3. measurement is low to hardware condition requirement, easy to operate.
4. carrying out subsidiary using TEMA image analysis softwares and high speed camera, the essence of image procossing is substantially increased
Degree.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the work flow diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described：
Referring to shown in attached drawing 1, a kind of contactless small items based on high-speed photography described in the present embodiment vibrate
Measuring method is as follows：
It does not shine, generate heat and radiationless mark point being pasted with tweezers for small items to be measured before S1, shooting；
S2, fixed small items to be measured, connection computer and CMOS high speed cameras, open high speed camera on computer it is special into
As software, camera direction is adjusted, makes small items to be measured blur-free imaging on computers；
S3, endoscope is stretched into inside small items mechanical structure to be measured, survey minim is treated using CMOS high speed cameras
Vibration Condition inside body mechanical structure is shot, and obtains vibration video；
S4, the first frame image for intercepting video are chosen the image-region where plane marker point, are calculated according to reference point identifying
Method identifies the range areas of plane marker；
S5, two coordinate system oxy are established as coordinate origin using the center of plane marker point respectively on object and in image
And ouv, according to the size of the reality between the sampled point of measurement and the mark point characteristic range region identified on the image, calculate
The projection matrix M of CMOS high speed cameras calibration.
Calculation formula is as follows：
Wherein, s is scale factor, and it is 1 to enable it, then
The coordinate value of three sampled points in sampling area is substituted into above formula and is obtained about mpq(p=1,2,3, q=1,2,
4) linear function group solves to obtain the value of each element coefficient inside Metzler matrix, so as to acquire CMOS using Gaussian elimination method
The projection matrix M of high speed camera calibration.
S6, the taken video vibrated is preserved, while save as several frame numbers by CMOS high speed camera software kits PCC
Image, and number；
S7, the actual range measured in global coordinate system between mark point are input to TEMA image analysis softwares, ensure to clap
It is 1 to take the photograph image and actual size ratio:1；Video is handled using analysis software TEMA, obtains sampled point in image coordinate
The lower 2D coordinates of system, 2D coordinate of the sampled point under actual coordinates is obtained by measuring, according to the projection matrix M being calculated,
Calculate the actual physics coordinate representated by each pixel on image；
Calculation formula is as follows:
,
Wherein, (u, v) represents any point in any one frame image, and (x, y) is the object that (u, v) is mapped to actual scene
Manage coordinate.
S8, it is changed over time by the position and sampled point of each frame image features central sampling point of TEMA softwares acquisition
Position afterwards；
The characteristics of image center of corresponding sampled point in remaining first frame image (when not starting vibration) is compared,
The picture displacement of sampled point is obtained, if image coordinate of j-th of sampled point in the i-th frame image is (usij, vsij), then j-th
The picture displacement of sampled point is denoted as duv, calculation formula is：
S9, the displacement information of the sampled point on all images is decomposed to x, in y-axis, obtains small items vibration to be measured
Displacement curve；
S10, it first differential operation is done to displacement information obtains velocity information, so as to obtain the speed of small items vibration to be measured
It writes music line；First differential operation is done to velocity information and obtains acceleration information, so as to obtain the acceleration of small items vibration to be measured
It writes music line；
S11, according to the displacement of acquisition, speed, acceleration information, carry out fast Fourier transformation operation and obtain frequency domain information,
The frequency spectrum vibrated；Further according to time domain and frequency domain information, mode of oscillation, the monitoring duty of target object are calculated.
The vibration video that the present embodiment can once shoot high speed camera multiple sampled points in visual field is carried out at the same time acquisition,
The coordinate system of realistic objective object and camera image is established respectively, and TEMA can carry out vibration information to multipair five points simultaneously
Acquisition, the correspondence matrix between actual object and image is obtained by a small amount of sampled point, so as to will be any one on image
The image coordinate of point, displacement map out actual coordinate, and revised actual coordinate is again inputted into TEMA softwares and can obtain reality
The displacement vibration curve and other vibration informations on border.
The examples of implementation of the above are only the preferred embodiments of the invention, and the implementation model of the present invention is not limited with this
It encloses, therefore the variation that all shape, principles according to the present invention are made, it should all cover within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of contactless small items vibration measurement method based on high-speed photography, it is characterised in that：Endoscope with
CMOS high speed cameras combine, and endoscope are put in inside small items mechanical structure to be measured, its internal vibration of shooting, collecting regards
Frequently, computer and the video taken is uploaded to, is analyzed using TEMA softwares, so as to measure small items vibration to be measured
Each item data.
2. a kind of contactless small items vibration measurement method based on high-speed photography according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Small items vibration to be measured is measured to be as follows：
It does not shine, generate heat and radiationless mark point being pasted with tweezers for small items to be measured before S1, shooting；
It is soft to open the special imaging of high speed camera on computer for S2, fixed small items to be measured, connection computer and CMOS high speed cameras
Part adjusts camera direction, makes small items to be measured blur-free imaging on computers；
S3, endoscope is stretched into inside small items mechanical structure to be measured, micrometer wisp machine is treated using CMOS high speed cameras
The Vibration Condition of tool inside configuration is shot, and obtains vibration video；
S4, the first frame image for intercepting video, the image-region where selection plane marker point, foundation reference point identifying algorithm,
Identify the range areas of plane marker；
S5, established on object and in image respectively using the center of plane marker point as coordinate origin two coordinate system oxy and
Ouv according to the size of the reality between the sampled point of measurement and the mark point characteristic range region identified on the image, is calculated
The projection matrix M of CMOS high speed cameras calibration；
S6, the taken video vibrated is preserved, while save as the figure of several frame numbers by CMOS high speed camera software kits PCC
Picture, and number；
S7, the actual range measured in global coordinate system between mark point are input to TEMA image analysis softwares, ensure shooting figure
As being 1 with actual size ratio:1；Video is handled using analysis software TEMA, obtains sampled point under image coordinate system
2D coordinates obtain 2D coordinate of the sampled point under actual coordinates by measuring, and according to the projection matrix M being calculated, calculate
Actual physics coordinate on image representated by each pixel；
S8, the position of each frame image features central sampling point is obtained by TEMA softwares and after sampled point changes over time
Position；
S9, the displacement information of the sampled point on all images is decomposed to x, in y-axis, obtains the displacement of small items vibration to be measured
Curve；
S10, it first differential operation is done to displacement information obtains velocity information, it is bent so as to obtain the speed of small items vibration to be measured
Line；First differential operation is done to velocity information and obtains acceleration information, so as to which the acceleration for obtaining small items vibration to be measured is write music
Line；
S11, according to the displacement of acquisition, speed, acceleration information, carry out fast Fourier transformation operation and obtain frequency domain information, obtain
The frequency spectrum of vibration；Further according to time domain and frequency domain information, mode of oscillation, the monitoring duty of target object are calculated.
3. a kind of contactless small items vibration measurement method based on high-speed photography according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that：The calculation formula for the projection matrix M that CMOS high speed cameras are demarcated is as follows in the step S5：
Wherein, s is scale factor, and it is 1 to enable it, then
The coordinate value of three sampled points in sampling area is substituted into above formula and is obtained about mpq(p=1,2,3, q=1,2,4)
Linear function group solves to obtain the value of each element coefficient inside Metzler matrix using Gaussian elimination method, so as to acquire CMOS at a high speed
The projection matrix M of camera calibration.
4. a kind of contactless small items vibration measurement method based on high-speed photography according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that：The step S7 fall into a trap actual physics coordinate of the nomogram as on representated by each pixel formula it is as follows：
,
Wherein, (u, v) represents any point in any one frame image, and (x, y) is the physics seat that (u, v) is mapped to actual scene
Mark.
5. a kind of contactless small items vibration measurement method based on high-speed photography according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that：After the position of each frame image features central sampling point of the step S8 acquisitions and sampled point change over time
Position is as follows：The characteristics of image center of corresponding sampled point in remaining first frame image is compared, is obtained
To the picture displacement of sampled point, if image coordinate of j-th of sampled point in the i-th frame image is (usij, vsij), then it adopts for j-th
The picture displacement of sampling point is denoted as duv, calculation formula is：
6. a kind of contactless small items vibration measurement method based on high-speed photography according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that：The endoscope is increased using xenon lamp cold light source around shooting environmental when shooting video is combined with CMOS high speed cameras
Brightness.
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Cited By (10)
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| CN109139019A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-04 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | It is latent to bury the monitoring method and monitoring device that Existing Subway road is cut through under bored tunnel |
| CN110440902A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-12 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of contactless microvibration vision measuring method |
| CN110553714A (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2019-12-10 | 深圳市广宁股份有限公司 | Intelligent vibration augmented reality testing method and related product |
| CN110618287A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-27 | 西安航天动力测控技术研究所 | High-speed photographic data processing method for measuring object space movement |
| CN110779615A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-02-11 | 四川双元智能科技有限公司 | Method and device for measuring object vibration by using optical principle |
| CN111307487A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-06-19 | 智方达(天津)科技有限公司 | Rotating mechanical vibration measurement method based on micro-motion amplification |
| JP2020098101A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-25 | 株式会社フジタ | Structure soundness evaluation apparatus |
| CN111795894A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-10-20 | 四川轻化工大学 | Non-contact type method and system for measuring large deformation of uniaxial stretching of high polymer plastic material |
| WO2021036633A1 (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2021-03-04 | 深圳市豪视智能科技有限公司 | Vibration detection method and related product |
| CN113155101A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-23 | 南京理工大学 | High-speed photographic data processing method for measuring movement of muzzle and gunlock |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109139019A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-04 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | It is latent to bury the monitoring method and monitoring device that Existing Subway road is cut through under bored tunnel |
| JP2020098101A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-25 | 株式会社フジタ | Structure soundness evaluation apparatus |
| WO2021036633A1 (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2021-03-04 | 深圳市豪视智能科技有限公司 | Vibration detection method and related product |
| CN110440902A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-12 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of contactless microvibration vision measuring method |
| CN110553714A (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2019-12-10 | 深圳市广宁股份有限公司 | Intelligent vibration augmented reality testing method and related product |
| CN110618287A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-27 | 西安航天动力测控技术研究所 | High-speed photographic data processing method for measuring object space movement |
| CN110779615A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-02-11 | 四川双元智能科技有限公司 | Method and device for measuring object vibration by using optical principle |
| CN111307487A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-06-19 | 智方达(天津)科技有限公司 | Rotating mechanical vibration measurement method based on micro-motion amplification |
| CN111795894A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-10-20 | 四川轻化工大学 | Non-contact type method and system for measuring large deformation of uniaxial stretching of high polymer plastic material |
| CN113155101A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-23 | 南京理工大学 | High-speed photographic data processing method for measuring movement of muzzle and gunlock |
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