CN108225110A - Sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas and its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas and its implementation belong to and cause ship personnel death by suffocation and damage the novel to warship attack technology application field of the aerobic dynamical system in naval vessel.The normal work of the ship personnel and its dynamical system oxygen sufficient dependent on sucking; when naval vessel is in sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas; its warship person will because can not eupnea due to death by suffocation; its dynamical system will stop working due to fuel is unable to normal combustion shuts down, and naval vessel is caused to lose fighting capacity and vitality.The present invention creatively proposes to discharge specific gas in the underwater appropriate depth in predetermined maritime area using chemical method or Physical, sea local oxygen partial pressure is caused to reduce by gas diffusion, oxygen concentration is caused to reduce to form sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas.The Xi Yang areas being consequently formed not only can directly attack ship personnel and its dynamical system, while can may also cause the secondary injuries such as fire, explosion wave on naval vessel, will undoubtedly have extremely important application value.

Description

Sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas and its implementation

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas and its implementation, belong in military affairs and ship personnel is caused to suffocate Death simultaneously damages the novel to warship attack technology application field of the aerobic dynamical system in naval vessel.

Background technology

Ensure the normal breathing activity of ship personnel and the normal work operating of dynamical system, to ensureing the fighting capacity on naval vessel Vital effect is suffered from vitality.Obviously, if there is a kind of military strike technology, ship personnel can quickly be injured Normal breathing activity, and can effectively destroy Marine power plant normal work operating, will be undoubtedly the naval warfare very phase It hopes.But the technology of ship personnel or Marine power plant and conception and few can be directly attacked at present, and can be directly against The technology that the two is carried out at the same time high efficiency strike is even more that all there are no appearance for concept.

For example, all kinds of chemical poisons such as known nerve, erosive, asphyxiating agents, at sea fighting only Warship person can be damaged, and the typically no direct injury effect to Marine power plant, and come into force for 1997 years《Forbidding Learn weapon pact》It has been forbidden to use these toxic agents；For another example, the power being once suggested stops working new concept weapon, i.e., enabled smooth It realizes, Marine power plant also can only be made to be forced flame-out shutdown, and the typically no direct injury effect to warship person, and it is realized Difficulty is larger, and application effect also will be very limited.

And tradition is to warship attack technology, such as submarine mine, torpedo, anti-warship guided missle, although can by first destroying hull, then with The modes such as shock wave, vibration indirectly-acting is in ship personnel and its dynamical system, but they are non-expert for personnel and power The technology that system is hit, and with the continuous enhancing of naval vessel hull anti-strike capability, these tradition are to warship attack technology Personnel and dynamical system to strike under modern firm armoring protection are difficult to generate ideal effect.

Therefore, research and development one kind directly quickly can injure ship personnel normal breathing activity and directly effectively destroy warship Ship power system worked well operates novel to warship attack technology, will undoubtedly have extremely important application value in army.

Invention content

In fact, the normal work of ship personnel and its dynamical system is all relied on from the sufficient oxygen of extraneous sucking, this It is and the host of Marine power plant such as diesel engine, steam turbine, combustion because ship personnel needs to carry out normal respiratory activity Gas-turbine etc. (except nuclear power) then needs to maintain working condition by fuel combustion.Therefore, if can be in enemy naval vessel In anaerobic environment, warship person will be unable to carry out normal breathing activity or even death by suffocation, cause naval vessel Combat Command System chaotic, funeral Lose fighting capacity；Its dynamical system will can not work normally operating or even flame-out shutdown due to non-complete combustion of fuel, lead to naval vessel Strike can not be evaded accurately and in time, also can not effectively play the power of shipborne weapon, so as to loss of life power.

As it can be seen that being limited to vital movement and the intrinsic principle of host work, oxygen is clearly to restrict ship personnel and its power One big key factor of systematic protection.If this aspect can be directed to, using any special measures, suitable anoxic is produced across the sea Environment, when enemy's ship navigation to the region, the normal breathing activity of personnel and the normal work operating of dynamical system, all By simultaneously and directly by invisible attack, it thus just can reach and destroy enemy army combat formation, cut-out enemy warship energy supply, formed Effectively attack and defensive posture or even the completely purpose of capture enemy warship.

Comprehensive current technology status at home and abroad, the both not corresponding research about the marine anaerobic environment method of manufacture, more Nobody is proposed as a kind of for the novel to warship attack technology of ship personnel and its dynamical system.Therefore, it is abundant Oxygen this feature is all be unable to do without using ship personnel and its dynamical system, to reach simultaneously and directly efficiently attack ship personnel And its purpose of dynamical system, the present invention creatively propose to be artificially formed technological thought and its realization side in sea Xi Yang areas Method.Wherein, sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas refer to through artificial means, and on sea, regional area manufacture meets lacking for Military Application demand Oxygen environment.

Why sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas proposed by the present invention can efficiently attack ship personnel and its power simultaneously and directly System, principle are as follows：

(1) normal activities of ship personnel need to maintain by sucking sufficient oxygen, and when naval vessel is in sea When in dough figurine Gong Xiyang areas, partial pressure of oxygen is too low in the air of personnel's sucking, will form hypoxic hypoxia, i.e., due to oxygen supply It reduces, body metabolism will generate great amount of carbon dioxide delay, and then cell metabolism is caused to hinder after exhausting internal residual oxygen Hinder, the damage of dysfunction and morphosis, lead to in-vivo tissue and organ extensive necrosis, and with the loss of consciousness, muscle cramp, Heartbeat is faint, blood pressure decline etc. physiological phenomenons, during this period personnel will be unable to carry out any effective thinking and activity, and at any time It may die by visitation of God due to anoxia asphyxia.

(2) Marine power plant generates thermal energy come band dynamic load by fuel combustion, and discharges burning by pipeline and give up Gas, therefore, to make its normal work, it is necessary to have the fuel of suitable concentration and the incendiary source of enough energy, while to have abundance Oxygen.When naval vessel is in sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas, dynamical system oxygen intake is insufficient, host fuel gaseous mixture mistake It is dense, fuel combustion is caused not exclusively cannot even to burn completely, emergent power declines, smoke evacuation thickens, row's temperature rise behind whirlpool, combustion chamber product The non-normal workings phenomenon such as charcoal, when combustion heat energy is not enough to band dynamic load, dynamical system is by flame-out shutdown.

The present invention dexterously used under water appropriate depth release specific gas this method it is dilute to form sea-surface artificial Oxygen area, principle are sea local oxygen partial pressure to be caused to reduce by gas diffusion, reduce to form anoxic so as to cause oxygen concentration Environment.This method has the characteristics that following exclusive：

(1) by calculating and designing position, opportunity and the dosage of release gas, having for sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas can be controlled It imitates range, form the parameters such as time and dilute oxygen degree, can be thus adjusted according to specific battlefield situation, for not of the same race The naval vessel implementation strike of class, different model, so as to ensure that sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas disclosure satisfy that actual combat demand；

(2) the Xi Yang areas that this method is formed have long lasting effect to ship personnel and its dynamical system, when naval vessel is in dilute When in oxygen area, personnel and host can all suck a certain amount of specific gas, after naval vessel sails out of Xi Yang areas, these specific gas Residual effect can be generated, it, also can not second wind, while must be to host and exhaust pipe at once even if the no death of personnel The specific gas of interior accumulation could restart dynamical system after carrying out artificial gas exhaust treatment；

(3) in addition to conditions above is met, if gas also has, cheap and easy to get, efficiency-cost ratio is high, is readily transported the characteristics such as storage, The formation cost in sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas can be substantially reduced and using difficulty, make it easy to realize and promote and apply.

Meanwhile in order to meet application demand, sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas are generally required with forming process is rapid, oxygen in region Gas concentration it is sufficiently low and close to sea, effective range it is sufficiently large and can many characteristics such as self―sustaining.Original is formed by Xi Yang areas Reason will be it is found that the diffusion process of gas will produce a very large impact it, therefore have above-mentioned characteristic, the gas of selection for Shi Xiyang areas Its diffusion process should have the characteristics that three aspects：First, gas diffusion is rapid, but there is certain residence time to maintain foot Enough concentration forms Xi Yang areas；Second is that under the premise of a certain concentration is ensured, the range of scatter of gas is as big as possible；It third, will It is avoided that gas is spread to high-altitude, gas is made to be spread close to sea as possible.According to the these requirements of gas diffusion, Xi Yang areas are formed Used gas then must satisfy following condition：

Gas density is close with atmospheric density or is slightly less than atmospheric density, can both ensure that gas had centainly in this way Diffusion velocity, and can make it that there is certain residence time on sea, the atmospheric density under the status of criterion is about 1.29kg/m³, Similar gas has very much, such as N density therewith₂、C₂H₂Deng；And in order to maintain the gas concentration in Xi Yang areas, and reduce its shape Into cost, loss of the gas in diffusion process should be reduced as far as possible, i.e. it is anti-with air and seawater chemistry cannot to occur for the gas Should, and solubility in the seawater is sufficiently small.

It as long as, can be on local sea by diffusion after release as it can be seen that the one or more of suitable specific gas of selection Form the Xi Yang areas that can be satisfied the use demand very well.

According to requirements above, the present invention specifically realizes appropriate depth release gas under water using two methods, i.e., chemical Method and Physical.Wherein, chemical method refers to the device for being loaded with appropriate chemical agent being pre-placed in underwater, is filled after trigger switch Release chemical reagent is put to react with contact with sea water and generate specific gas；Physical refer to by specific gas by high pressure compressed, The modes such as material absorption are stored in the containers such as steel cylinder, are pre-placed in underwater, and container is opened valve and released after trigger switch Put specific gas.On the whole, the common guiding theory of two methods is：

The chemical reagent of generation specific gas can be reacted with water using peculiar device loading or is directly loaded up specific gas, It is underwater that device is laid on predetermined maritime area, setting device discharges chemical reagent or specific gas (wherein chemistry examination in proper moment Agent generates specific gas after being reacted with contact with sea water), specific gas is partially formed Xi Yang areas through being diffused in sea.

Here need not specially design the peculiar device for loading specific gas or chemical reagent, to existing sea mine weapon device into Row repacking can meet application requirement：(1) submarine mine usually all has powder charge portion, can the explosive that the inside loads be substituted for chemistry Reagent (specific gas), and repacking is carried out to powder charge portion allows it to discharge chemical reagent (specific gas)；(2) submarine mine generally leans on The signals such as sound, magnetic, hydraulic pressure are triggered, these trigger devices can still be continued to use, it is only necessary to triggered time and combination etc. It is adjusted, device is made to be in due course and discharges chemical reagent (specific gas).

The release of gas why is realized using chemically and physically two methods, is because they have respectively different spies Point.Under different application environments, one kind therein can be selected or two kinds are applied in combination, to reach optimal effect.

Wherein, chemical method is mainly characterized by：(1) due to alkali metal and its hydride, part alkaline-earth metal and its hydrogenation The chemical substances such as object, part phosphatization and metal-carbide compound once meet water, and violent chemical reaction will occur and generate gas Body, in addition, the chemical substances such as the boron hydrides such as powder and borine of the metals such as zinc, aluminium, also certain special metal alloys, Also it all has characteristics that, therefore chemical method possesses extensive material foundation；(2) chemical method is by a large amount of and cheap seawater As reaction raw materials, not only facilitate but also cost can be substantially reduced；(3) it is reacted by chemical reagent with seawater and produces specific gas, Gas is stored in chemical reagent indirectly, the processes such as avoids the direct storage to gas, transport, launch, thus more Safety, such as C₂H₂It (can be by CaC₂Generation is reacted with water) conventional high-pressure liquefaction method storage cannot be used because more than C during 202.6kPa₂H₂Easy explosion of decomposing, therefore C is generated using chemical method₂H₂It is relatively more safe.

Physical is mainly characterized by：(1) much the gas with outstanding property can not pass through chemistry in marine environment Method generates, and Physical can only be used to discharge, such as N₂, CO etc.；(2) in general, the gas-storing capacity of Physical will under equal volume It is bigger than the gas production of chemical method, and Xi Yang areas are generally required when coping with large ship has the effective range of bigger, at this time object Logos has more advantage；(3) Physical can control rate of gas release, gas release process by changing the aperture of valve Controllability it is stronger.

According to above-mentioned analysis, table 1 lists satisfactory several gases and its main character.It can also be analyzed based on table 1 It obtains, the Xi Yang areas formed using gas with various will also have other specific effect propeties：

(1) based on N₂The Xi Yang areas of formation.As the main component of air, N in air₂Content be about 78%, thus its Industrial producing cost is relatively low, more importantly, as a kind of common gas of colorless and odorless, N₂Chemical property it is highly stable, it is difficult Its aerial concentration variation is detected taking human as discovery or by prior art means, thus the Xi Yang areas formed by it will have There is the concealment especially paid attention in military affairs.

(2) the Xi Yang areas formed based on CO.The affinity of CO and hemoglobin is higher than the affinity of oxygen and hemoglobin by 200 ~300 times, it will be combined to form carbonyl haemoglobin with hemoglobin after sucking, and hemoglobin is made to lose oxygen carrying capacity, and then Tissue is caused to suffocate, therefore the Xi Yang areas formed by it can not only make personnel generate anoxic sex hanges, can also generate Poisoning and stop up Breath.It should be noted that CO is not belonging to the chemical poison scope being forbidden to use by pact.

(3) the Xi Yang areas formed based on imflammable gas.When by CO, C₂H₂Etc. explosion limits range is big, minimum is ignited can be low Imflammable gas when forming Xi Yang areas, naval vessel, which sails out of its rear dynamical system, can may also be faced with the danger of detonation.This be because For when naval vessel is in Xi Yang areas, dynamical system will suck a large amount of combustible gas, not which part combustible gas and combustion completely The fuel of burning will enter exhaust pipe together with exhaust gas；After naval vessel leaves Xi Yang areas, fuel and combustible gas in exhaust pipe will Touch fresh air, and exhaust pipe makes the temperature of its own often also very high because of the higher exhaust gas of long-time discharge temperature, this When combustible gas and fuel may be ignited or even explode.This detonation generated suddenly can not only cause exhaust pipe can not The damage of reparation, force naval vessel must not on-line maintenance, while also can further be caused on naval vessel fire and explosion etc. it is secondary Injury.

Therefore, if several combination of gases with different advantageous properties are used, different technique and tactics and sea can be met The use demand of foreign environment.

1 Candidate gaseous main character list of table

According to the analysis above to Xi Yang areas action principle and forming method it is found that its attack effect depend primarily on it is following Three aspects：Oxygen concentration, region effective range and naval vessel residence time in region.Wherein, for different types of naval vessel, power System and the fuel type used are often different, thus the critical oxygen concentration that its dynamical system is stopped working also differs, in general, Candlelight will extinguish due to anoxic when oxygen concentration is less than 16.5%；And under normal circumstances, the oxygen demand of warship person at work is about For everyone 1~3L per minute, rule of thumb data, when oxygen concentration is reduced to below 18%, that is, cannot be guaranteed its life security. As it can be seen that generate effectively attack to ship personnel and dynamical system, the oxygen concentration in Xi Yang areas should at least be less than what is breathed safely Critical value 18%.Table 2 is specific influence of the different oxygen concentrations on human body.

Influence of 2 different oxygen concentrations of table to human body

The effective range in Xi Yang areas is mainly determined by critical oxygen concentration.According to gas diffusion principle, it is dense to spread gas at source Highest is spent, oxygen concentration is minimum, and the air mass edge gas concentration diffuseed to form is minimum, and oxygen concentration is with respect to highest.Therefore, for dilute The definition of oxygen area effective range is：The oxygen concentration of air mass edge is less than the margin of safety of human breathing, i.e., oxygen concentration is low at this In 18%.In addition, to consider to be not on dilute oxygen district center position when naval vessel, but situation about being skimmed over from dilute oxygen area edge, The side on naval vessel is Xi Yang areas at this time, and opposite side is normal air area, since naval vessel can occur in motion the air of surrounding Flowing, the fresh air of naval vessel both sides will be mixed with dilute oxygen group, be led to the oxygen concentration raising of naval vessel present position, be weakened dilute Influence of the oxygen area to ship personnel and dynamical system.Therefore, ship personnel death by suffocation is caused simultaneously to ensure that Xi Yang areas have The ability of the aerobic dynamical system in naval vessel is damaged, the oxygen concentration index at its effective range edge should be reduced, can be set to less than 12%, i.e., Oxygen concentration not more than 12% in Xi Yang areas.

Meanwhile in order to further ensure the application effect in Xi Yang areas, in addition to oxygen concentration is sufficiently low, region in region to be made Effective range is sufficiently large, it is also necessary to make residence time long enough of the naval vessel in Xi Yang areas.Generally, when oxygen concentration be reduced to it is critical It when value is following, will be choked to death after 2~3min of personnel's anoxic, will stop working shutdown after 10~30s of dynamical system anoxic, can be with It is assumed that ship speed is 15 sections, navigated by water after entering Xi Yang areas by inertia, the effective time to be in Xi Yang areas is The effective diameter in 2min, Ze Xiyang area at least should be 15 × 1852 × 2 ÷ 60=926m (1 section=1.852km/h).Therefore, it is Extend residence time of the naval vessel in Xi Yang areas, on the one hand to maintain effective model in Xi Yang areas by constantly discharging gas It encloses, on the other hand can form gas release array by laying multiple peculiar devices, generate dilute oxygen group group, Shi Xiyang areas Effective diameter increase to 4~5 times of naval vessel captain, to ensure underway naval vessel by having enough stops during Xi Yang areas Time.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：A kind of sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas and its implementation, utilize chemical method or Physical In the underwater appropriate depth release specific gas in predetermined maritime area, sea local oxygen partial pressure is caused to reduce by gas diffusion, so as to Oxygen concentration is caused to reduce to form Xi Yang areas, when naval vessel is driven into Xi Yang areas, warship person can be because of anoxia asphyxia death, dynamical system System can stop working shutdown because of anoxic, and naval vessel is caused to be out of action and vitality.Ship personnel death by suffocation is caused as one kind simultaneously Damage the novel to warship attack technology of the aerobic dynamical system in naval vessel, the present invention have good concealment, strike suddenly, powerful, The advantages of lasting, device is simple is threatened, not only can directly attack enemy warship personnel and its dynamical system, while can may also oppose Cause the secondary injuries such as fire, explosion wave on warship, therefore will undoubtedly have extremely important application value in army.

Specific embodiment

1st, specified chemical reagent or specific gas are loaded into peculiar device, prepare sufficient amount loaded finish it is peculiar Device is used for step 2；

2nd, peculiar device is laid on predetermined maritime area using modes such as air-drop, warship cloth, latent cloth according to use demand to fit under water Work as depth, form gas release array；

3rd, the far fields fuses such as the infrasonic fuze of peculiar device are opened, make it into value more state, monitor surrounding environment change；

4th, after the far-field signal for receiving naval vessel appearance, peculiar device enters alert status by being worth more state, opens simultaneously The near fields fuse such as Qi Ci, hydraulic pressure detects the activity condition on naval vessel and starts timer；

If the 5, peculiar device does not detect the close near-field signals in naval vessel further during runs, stop Near-field signals detection and Off Timer, recovery value more state, i.e. step 3；

If the 6, peculiar device receives the close near-field signals in naval vessel during runs, into combat situation, Prepare to discharge chemical reagent in proper moment or specific gas, the gas generated after release are partially formed dilute oxygen through being diffused in sea Area will be in sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas after naval vessel drives into, and personnel and dynamical system will be attacked.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas and its implementation；The step of it is used is as follows：

A, in predetermined maritime area, underwater appropriate depth lays the peculiar device for loading chemical reagent or specific gas；

B, peculiar device discharges chemical reagent or specific gas in proper moment, and the gas generated after release is through diffuseing to form sea Artificial Xi Yang areas.

2. a kind of sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas according to claim 1 and its implementation；It is characterized in that：The present invention is suitable for By people manipulation and using diesel engine, steam turbine, gas turbine as host all naval vessels.

3. a kind of sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas according to claim 1 and its implementation；It is characterized in that：The step A In, loading the peculiar device of chemical reagent or specific gas can be reequiped to obtain by existing sea mine weapon.

4. a kind of sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas according to claim 1 and its implementation；It is characterized in that：The step A In, it lays multiple peculiar devices and forms gas release array, and then generate dilute oxygen group group, the effective range in increase Xi Yang areas.

5. a kind of sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas according to claim 1 and its implementation；It is characterized in that：The step B In, peculiar device is generated by chemical method or Physical discharges specific gas and forms sea-surface artificial Xi Yang areas, when naval vessel drive into it is dilute Behind oxygen area, personnel and dynamical system will be attacked.

6. ship personnel according to claim 5 is attacked in Xi Yang areas；It is characterized in that：Naval vessel drives into Xi Yang areas Afterwards, personnel are in anaerobic environment, and in-vivo tissue and organ extensive injuries, necrosis due to anoxic eventually lead to death by suffocation, It loses commander and manipulates the ability on naval vessel.

7. Marine power plant according to claim 5 is attacked in Xi Yang areas；It is characterized in that：Naval vessel drives into dilute oxygen Qu Hou, dynamical system are in anaerobic environment, and host oxygen intake is insufficient, and fuel combustion is caused not exclusively even completely cannot Burning, the thermal energy of generation are not enough to band dynamic load, dynamical system are made to stop working shutdowns, naval vessel forfeiture mobile response capability.