CN108224790B - Ground wire live detection device and electric water heater - Google Patents
Ground wire live detection device and electric water heater Download PDFInfo
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- CN108224790B CN108224790B CN201810299444.8A CN201810299444A CN108224790B CN 108224790 B CN108224790 B CN 108224790B CN 201810299444 A CN201810299444 A CN 201810299444A CN 108224790 B CN108224790 B CN 108224790B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 75
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/145—Indicating the presence of current or voltage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
- F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fire Alarms (AREA)
- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a ground wire live detection device, which comprises a reference ground wire detection access circuit, a ground wire live detection access circuit and a comprehensive detection circuit, wherein the reference ground wire detection access circuit is connected with the reference ground wire detection access circuit; the reference ground wire detection access circuit is connected with the ground wire live detection access circuit; the reference ground wire detection access circuit and the ground wire live detection access circuit are respectively connected with the comprehensive detection circuit; the reference ground wire detection access circuit detects whether the reference ground wire is grounded according to the requirement, and detects whether the ground wire of the electric appliance to be detected, which is connected with the ground wire electrification detection device, is electrified. The invention also discloses an electric water heater using the ground wire live detection device. Whether the ground wire of the electric appliance to be detected is electrified can be detected in real time, and an alarm signal is sent out when electrification is detected so as to remind people of electrification of the electric appliance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrical safety, in particular to a ground wire live detection device and an electric water heater.
Background
According to the relevant national safety standard, class I electric appliances in China all require the connection of a ground wire, and when the ground wire is connected with the ground well, the electric appliances are safe. However, due to the phenomenon that electrical circuits are not normally laid in China, especially in some old communities and rural areas, the situation that the grounding wire is not grounded or the grounding is poor and the zero and live wires are reversely connected is quite common. When the electric appliance is used without a grounding wire, once the electric appliance itself is leaked, electric shock is directly caused when a person touches the electric appliance. If the grounding is poor, when the electric appliance leaks electricity, the shell connected with the ground wire can form higher grounding voltage drop to form danger; more dangerous is that under the condition of poor grounding, the ground wires of one electric appliance are connected together, even the ground wires of a plurality of electric appliances are connected together, and as long as one electric appliance leaks electricity, the whole ground wire network can be electrified. In order to avoid the danger, some electric appliance factories, such as electric water heater factories, generally add an electric leakage protection plug or an electric wall and ground wire electrification alarm device to the product.
The leakage protection plug belongs to a 'passive' protection device, namely, a leakage current is firstly generated (for example, a person touches an electric appliance, the leakage current flows into the ground through a human body) and reaches a certain value (the value is the breaking current of the protection device), and the device is disconnected. Since the human body is injured differently by the difference in withstand current, there is a risk of injury by current smaller than this.
The scheme of the anti-electricity wall and ground wire live alarm device is that the prior alarm device mainly has the following two forms: 1. and taking the zero line as a reference, and giving an alarm when the ground wire is electrified. However, hidden danger exists that the zero line can not be detected and alarmed after the reverse connection; 2. bolt wiring is driven into the wall body, the wall body is used as a reference, and an alarm device such as neon bulb is connected between the wall body and the ground wire of the electric appliance. But there is the hidden trouble that the wall ground wire is not connected or is connected improperly because of carelessness and can not detect, report to the police.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a ground wire electrified detection device and an electric water heater. The ground wire electrification detection device provided by the invention can detect whether the ground wire of the electric appliance to be detected is electrified in real time, and when electrification is detected, an alarm signal is sent out so as to remind people of electrification of the electric appliance. The electric water heater is provided with the ground wire live detection device, and an alarm signal can be sent out when the ground wire of the electric water heater is electrified so as to remind people of not using the electric water heater.
The ground wire live detection device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a reference ground wire detection access circuit, a ground wire live detection access circuit and a comprehensive detection circuit; the reference ground wire detection access circuit is connected with the ground wire live detection access circuit; the reference ground wire detection access circuit and the ground wire live detection access circuit are respectively connected with the comprehensive detection circuit; the reference ground wire detection access circuit comprises a reference ground wire, wherein the reference ground wire is a ground wire with rough grounding, and the reference ground wire is only required to be grounded with the ground by a mode of connecting the reference ground wire to a wall body through an expansion bolt and the like, and the grounding is performed below 3.5MΩ. The reference ground wire detection access circuit detects whether the reference ground wire is grounded according to the requirement, and sends a detection signal to the comprehensive detection circuit; the ground wire live detection access circuit takes a reference ground wire connected with the reference ground wire detection access circuit as a reference, detects whether the ground wire of the electric appliance to be detected, which is connected with the ground wire live detection device, is electrified, and sends detection signals to the comprehensive detection circuit, and the comprehensive detection circuit is used for sending alarm signals when detecting that the reference ground wire is not grounded according to requirements or the ground wire of the electric appliance to be detected is electrified.
The ground wire electrification detection device provided by the invention is provided with the reference ground wire, the connection condition of the reference ground wire is detected through the reference ground wire detection access circuit, the reference ground wire can be grounded according to the requirement, and then the reference ground wire is taken as a reference to detect whether the ground wire of the electric appliance to be detected is electrified or not in real time. Under the condition that the ground wire is detected to be electrified, an alarm signal is timely sent out to remind people that an electric appliance is electrified, and electric appliance leakage caused by poor ground wire grounding or injury to people caused by other electric appliance leakage is avoided.
Preferably, the reference ground wire detection access circuit comprises a power input sub-circuit, a first optical coupler and a reference ground wire, wherein the power input end of the power input sub-circuit is externally connected with a zero live wire of a power supply, the power output end of the power input sub-circuit is connected with the anode of a light emitting diode of the first optical coupler, the cathode of the light emitting diode of the first optical coupler is connected with the reference ground wire, and the comprehensive detection circuit is connected with the coupling end of the first optical coupler. The power input subcircuit is used for externally connecting a power supply to provide detection current for detecting whether the reference ground wire is grounded according to the requirement.
Preferably, for the power supply using the mains supply as the power supply, the power supply input sub-circuit in the reference ground wire detection access circuit comprises a first connection sub-circuit and a second connection sub-circuit;
the first connection sub-circuit comprises a first electrode connection end, a first resistor and a first diode, wherein the first electrode connection end can be externally connected with a live wire or a zero wire of an electric appliance to be detected, the first electrode is connected with one end of the first resistor, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with the anode of the first diode;
the second connection sub-circuit comprises a second electrode connection end, a second resistor and a second diode, wherein the second electrode connection end can be externally connected with a live wire or a zero wire of an electric appliance to be detected, the second electrode is connected with one end of the second resistor, and the other end of the second resistor is connected with the anode of the second diode;
The cathode of the first diode is connected with the cathode of the second diode and is simultaneously connected with the anode of the light-emitting diode of the first optical coupler.
The first connection sub-circuit and the second connection sub-circuit both comprise a resistor and a diode, wherein the resistor mainly plays a role in circuit protection, and the diode plays a role in circuit rectification. When the first connection sub-circuit is connected with the live wire and the second connection sub-circuit is connected with the zero wire, the first connection sub-circuit plays a role of connecting a power supply, and no current flows through the second connection sub-circuit. Similarly, when the first connection sub-circuit is connected with the zero line and the second connection sub-circuit is connected with the live line, the second connection sub-circuit plays a role of connecting a power supply, and no current flows through the first connection sub-circuit. By arranging the connection sub-circuits with the diodes in the two circuit structures, the zero-live wire connection method does not need to be distinguished, and the trouble of circuit connection under the condition that zero-live wire connection is reversed in some old cells and rural areas is avoided. As long as any one of the connection sub-circuits is connected to the hot line, there will always be one connection sub-circuit that will provide the sense current.
Preferably, the ground wire live detection access circuit comprises a ground wire connection subcircuit, a second optical coupler and a reference ground wire; one end of the ground wire connection sub-circuit is connected with the ground wire of the electrical appliance to be tested, the other end of the ground wire connection sub-circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the light emitting diode of the second optical coupler, the reference ground wire is connected with the negative electrode of the light emitting diode of the second optical coupler, and the comprehensive detection circuit is connected with the coupling end of the second optical coupler. The ground wire connection sub-circuit is connected to the ground wire of the electric appliance to be tested, if the ground wire of the electric appliance to be tested is electrified, the ground wire connection sub-circuit end forms a high potential, the reference ground wire end forms a zero potential, and current flows from the ground wire connection sub-circuit through the second optical coupler and flows into the ground through the reference ground wire. The second optical coupler generates a signal and sends the signal to the comprehensive detection circuit, and the comprehensive detection circuit sends an alarm signal to remind that the ground wire of the electric appliance to be detected is in poor contact, and the shell of the electric appliance is electrified. So as to avoid the damage to human body when the electrified electric appliance is used.
Preferably, the ground connection sub-circuit provides a simple and practical connection circuit. The device comprises a ground wire access end, a third resistor and a third diode, wherein the input end of the ground wire access end is externally connected with the ground wire of an electric appliance to be detected, the output end of the ground wire is connected with one end of the third resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the third diode, and the negative electrode of the third diode is connected with the positive electrode of the light emitting diode of the second optical coupler.
Preferably, the integrated detection circuit further comprises an alarm, wherein the integrated detection circuit comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end, the first input end is connected with the coupling end of the first optical coupler, the second input end is connected with the coupling end of the second optical coupler, and the output end is connected with the abnormal signal display module. The abnormal signal display module comprises an alarm, and the alarm preferably adopts an audible and visual alarm device.
Preferably, the first optocoupler and the second optocoupler are both phototransistor type optocouplers, and further comprise a bias power supply connection end, wherein the bias power supply connection end is respectively connected with collectors of the first phototransistor type optocoupler and the second phototransistor type optocoupler, a first input end of the comprehensive detection circuit is connected with an emitter electrode of the first phototransistor type optocoupler, and a second input end of the comprehensive detection circuit is connected with an emitter electrode of the second phototransistor type optocoupler.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an electric water heater, which comprises a water heater body and the ground wire electrification detecting device, wherein the ground wire electrification detecting access circuit is connected with the ground wire of the electric water heater, and the ground wire electrification detecting access circuit detects whether the ground wire is electrified.
The embodiment of the invention further provides a preferable electric water heater, which comprises a water heater body and the ground wire live detection device, wherein the first connection sub-circuit is connected with a live wire of the electric water heater, the second connection sub-circuit is connected with a zero wire of the electric water heater, or the first connection sub-circuit is connected with the zero wire of the electric water heater, the second connection sub-circuit is connected with the live wire of the electric water heater, the ground wire live detection access circuit is connected with the ground wire of the electric water heater, and the ground wire live detection access circuit detects whether the ground wire is electrified.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground wire electrification detecting device provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a ground wire live detection device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the ground wire electrification detecting device provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric water heater according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
10. The reference ground wire detection access circuit; 20. the ground wire is electrified to detect and access the circuit; 30. a comprehensive detection circuit; 40. an audible and visual alarm device; 50. a main body circuit of the electric water heater; l, live wire; n, zero line; PE, ground wire access end; E. a reference ground wire; r1, a first resistor; r2, a second resistor; r3, a third resistor; d1, a first diode; d2, a second diode; d3, a third diode; u1, a first optical coupler; u2, a second optical coupler; v, bias power supply connecting end.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a ground wire live detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;
The ground wire live detection device provided by the first aspect of the embodiment of the invention comprises a reference ground wire detection access circuit 10, a ground wire live detection access circuit 20 and a comprehensive detection circuit 30; the reference ground wire detection access circuit 10 is connected with the ground wire live detection access circuit 20; the reference ground wire detection access circuit 10 and the ground wire live detection access circuit 20 are respectively connected with the comprehensive detection circuit 30; the reference ground wire detection access circuit 10 comprises a reference ground wire E, and the reference ground wire detection access circuit 10 detects that a ground wire electrified detection device of the reference ground wire E is grounded according to the requirement and sends a detection signal to the comprehensive detection circuit 30; the ground wire live detection access circuit 20 uses a reference ground wire E connected with the reference ground wire detection access circuit 10 as a reference, detects whether the ground wire of the electric appliance to be detected connected with the ground wire live detection device is live, and sends detection signals to the comprehensive detection circuit 30, wherein the comprehensive detection circuit 30 is used for sending alarm signals when detecting that the reference ground wire is not grounded as required or the ground wire of the electric appliance to be detected is live.
According to the ground wire electrification detection device provided by the invention, the reference ground wire E is arranged, the connection condition of the reference ground wire E is detected through the reference ground wire detection access circuit 10, the reference ground wire E can be ensured to be grounded according to the requirement, and then the reference ground wire E is taken as a reference, so that whether the ground wire of an electric appliance to be detected is electrified or not is detected in real time. Under the condition that the ground wire is detected to be electrified, an alarm signal is timely sent out to remind people that an electric appliance is electrified, and electric appliance leakage caused by poor ground wire grounding or injury to people caused by other electric appliance leakage is avoided.
The reference ground wire detection access circuit 10 comprises a power input sub-circuit U1 and a reference ground wire E, wherein the power input end of the power input sub-circuit is externally connected with a zero line and a fire line of a power supply, the power output end of the power input sub-circuit is connected with the positive electrode of a light emitting diode of the first optical coupler U1, the negative electrode of the light emitting diode of the first optical coupler U1 is connected with the reference ground wire E, and the comprehensive detection circuit 30 is connected with the coupling end of the first optical coupler U1. The power input sub-circuit is used for externally connecting a power supply to provide detection current for detecting whether the reference ground wire E is grounded according to the requirement.
The ground wire electrified detection device provided by the invention is generally arranged on household appliances, and can be combined with the household appliances into a whole to form the household appliances with the ground wire electrified detection device, such as electric water heaters, washing machines, refrigerators and the like. The power supply can be obtained nearby, namely, the power supply is preferably consistent with the power supply of the household appliance, and the mains supply is used as the power supply.
The invention provides a ground wire live detection device, which provides a circuit structure adopting commercial power as a power supply, as shown in fig. 2.
The power input sub-circuit in the reference ground line detection access circuit 10 of the present invention includes a first connection sub-circuit and a second connection sub-circuit;
the first connection sub-circuit comprises a first electrode connection end, a first resistor R1 and a first diode D1, wherein the first electrode connection end can be externally connected with a live wire L or a zero line N of an electric appliance to be detected, the other end of the first electrode connection end is connected with one end of the first resistor R1, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the anode of the first diode D1;
The second connection sub-circuit comprises a second electrode connection end, a second resistor R2 and a second diode D2, wherein the second electrode connection end can be externally connected with a live wire L or a zero wire N of an electric appliance to be detected, the other end of the second electrode connection end is connected with one end of the second resistor R2, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the anode of the second diode D2;
The cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the second diode D2 and is simultaneously connected with the cathode of the light-emitting diode of the first optical coupler U1.
The first connection sub-circuit and the second connection sub-circuit both comprise a resistor and a diode, wherein the resistor mainly plays a role in circuit protection, and the diode plays a role in circuit rectification. When the first connection sub-circuit is connected with the live wire L and the second connection sub-circuit is connected with the zero line N, the first connection sub-circuit plays a role of connecting a power supply, and no current flows through the second connection sub-circuit. Similarly, when the first connection sub-circuit is connected with the zero line N and the second connection sub-circuit is connected with the live line L, the second connection sub-circuit plays a role of connecting a power supply, and no current flows through the first connection sub-circuit. By arranging the connection sub-circuits with the diodes in the two circuit structures, the zero-live wire connection method does not need to be distinguished, and the trouble of circuit connection under the condition that zero-live wire connection is reversed in some old cells and rural areas is avoided. As long as any one connection sub-circuit is connected to the live line L, there will always be one connection sub-circuit that will provide the detection current. The first connection sub-circuit and the second connection sub-circuit can be set to be of the same circuit structure, namely, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 completely adopt resistors with the same specification resistance value, and the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 completely adopt diodes with the specification, or can also adopt similar circuit structures. For example, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are resistors with similar specification resistance values, and the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are diodes with similar specification completely. The embodiment of the invention preferably adopts the circuit structure with the same structure.
The ground wire live detection access circuit 20 comprises a ground wire connection sub-circuit, a second optocoupler U2 and a reference ground wire E; one end of the ground wire connection sub-circuit is connected with the ground wire of the electrical appliance to be tested, the other end of the ground wire connection sub-circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the light emitting diode of the second optical coupler U2, the reference ground wire E is connected with the negative electrode of the light emitting diode of the second optical coupler U2, and the comprehensive detection circuit 30 is connected with the coupling end of the second optical coupler U2. The ground wire connection sub-circuit is connected to the ground wire of the electric appliance to be tested, if the ground wire of the electric appliance to be tested is electrified, the ground wire connection sub-circuit end forms a high potential, the reference ground wire E end forms a zero potential, and current flows from the ground wire connection sub-circuit through the second optical coupler U2 and flows into the ground through the reference ground wire E. The second optical coupler U2 generates a signal and sends the signal to the comprehensive detection circuit 30, and the comprehensive detection circuit 30 sends an alarm signal to remind that the ground wire of the electric appliance to be detected is in poor contact, and the shell of the electric appliance is electrified. So as to avoid the damage to human body when the electrified electric appliance is used.
The ground wire is connected with a simple and practical connection circuit of the sub-circuit. The device comprises a ground wire access end PE, a third resistor R3 and a third diode D3, wherein the input end of the ground wire access end PE is externally connected with the ground wire of an electric appliance to be detected, the ground wire access output end is connected with one end of the third resistor R3, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the anode of the third diode D3, and the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected with the anode of the light emitting diode of the second optical coupler U2.
As shown in fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a preferred implementation. The integrated detection circuit 30 includes a first input end, a second input end and an output end, wherein the first input end is connected with the coupling end of the first optical coupler U1, the second input end is connected with the coupling end of the second optical coupler U2, and the output end is connected with the abnormal signal display module. In one implementation, the integrated detection circuit 30 first detects whether a signal exists at the first input end, if no signal exists, it indicates that the ground wire live detection device is not grounded as required, and the integrated detection circuit 30 sends an alarm signal through the abnormal signal display module, for example, a sound signal may be sent, or an optical signal may be sent. When the integrated detection circuit 30 detects that the first input end has a signal, the reference ground wire E is grounded as required, and at this time, whether the second access end has a signal is detected, if not, the ground wire of the electrical appliance to be detected is not electrified, no warning signal is sent out, and if the second input end has a signal, the ground wire of the electrical appliance to be detected is electrified, the integrated detection circuit 30 sends out an alarm signal through the abnormal signal display module, and if the alarm signal can send out a sound signal, the alarm signal can also send out an optical signal. The abnormal signal display module can set different display lights to display signals of the first input end and signals of the second input end, for example, yellow light can be emitted when the first input end does not have signals, alarm signals can be emitted, green light can be emitted when the first input end detects signals, and the reference ground wire is prompted to be normally connected. Meanwhile, when the second input end has no signal, no light is emitted, and when the second input end has a signal, a red dangerous alarm signal is emitted. The anomaly signal display module may include an alarm, preferably an audible and visual alarm 40. The audible and visual alarm 40 not only can emit alarm signals or danger signals, but also can emit different alarm sounds at the same time so as to achieve the purpose of reminding. Such as by sending a sharp and harsh sound to sound a dangerous alarm.
Preferably, the first optocoupler U1 and the second optocoupler U2 are phototransistor type optocouplers, and the first optocoupler U1 and the second optocoupler U2 may be completely identical in specification, or may be similar in specification. The integrated detection circuit 30 further comprises a bias power supply connecting end V, wherein the bias power supply connecting end V is respectively connected with the collectors of the first phototransistor type optocoupler and the second phototransistor type optocoupler, a first input end of the integrated detection circuit 30 is connected with the emitter electrode of the first phototransistor type optocoupler, and a second input end of the integrated detection circuit is connected with the emitter electrode of the second phototransistor type optocoupler.
Example 2:
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic structural diagram of an electric water heater using a ground wire live detection device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention is shown.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an electric water heater, which comprises a water heater body and the ground wire live detection device, wherein the electric water heater body is internally provided with an electric water heater main body circuit 50, the electric water heater main body circuit 50 is connected with a live wire L, a zero wire N and a ground wire of a commercial power, and the electric water heater main body circuit 50 also comprises an electric heating wire heating device. The ground wire live detection access circuit is connected with the ground wire of the electric water heater, and detects whether the ground wire is electrified.
As shown in fig. 4, the power input sub-circuit in the reference ground wire detection access circuit 10 of the electric water heater provided by the present embodiment includes a first connection sub-circuit and a second connection sub-circuit;
The first connection sub-circuit comprises a first electrode connection end, a first resistor R1 and a first diode D1, wherein the first electrode connection end is connected with a live wire L or a zero wire N of an electric appliance to be detected, the other end of the first electrode connection end is connected with the first resistor R1, and the first resistor R1 is connected with the anode of the first diode D1;
The second connection sub-circuit comprises a second electrode connection end, a second resistor R2 and a second diode D2, wherein the second electrode connection end is connected with a live wire L or a zero wire N of an electric appliance to be detected, the second electrode connection end is connected with the second resistor R2, and the second resistor R2 is connected with the anode of the second diode D2;
the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the second diode D2 and is simultaneously connected with the anode of the light-emitting diode of the first optical coupler U1.
The first connection sub-circuit and the second connection sub-circuit both comprise a resistor and a diode, wherein the resistor mainly plays a role in circuit protection, and the diode plays a role in circuit rectification. When the first connection sub-circuit is connected with the live wire L and the second connection sub-circuit is connected with the zero line N, the first connection sub-circuit plays a role of connecting a power supply, and no current flows through the second connection sub-circuit. Similarly, when the first connection sub-circuit is connected with the zero line N and the second connection sub-circuit is connected with the live line L, the second connection sub-circuit plays a role of connecting a power supply, and no current flows through the first connection sub-circuit. By arranging the connection sub-circuits with the diodes in the two circuit structures, the zero-live wire connection method does not need to be distinguished, and the trouble of circuit connection under the condition that zero-live wire connection is reversed in some old cells and rural areas is avoided. As long as any one connection sub-circuit is connected to the live line L, there will always be one connection sub-circuit that will provide the detection current. The first connection sub-circuit and the second connection sub-circuit can be set to be of the same circuit structure, namely, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 completely adopt resistors with the same specification resistance value, and the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 completely adopt diodes with the specification, or can also adopt similar circuit structures. For example, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are resistors with similar specification resistance values, and the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are diodes with similar specification, or diodes with similar specification. The embodiment of the invention preferably adopts the circuit structure with the same structure.
The working flow of the ground wire live detection circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows: in the embodiment of the invention, the first connection sub-circuit is the same as the circuit structure of the second connection sub-circuit, is composed of a resistor and a diode, is connected with the optical coupler, and has consistent parameters of the resistor and the diode, namely, the first connection sub-circuit can be connected with a zero line of the electric water heater and also can be connected with a fire wire of the electric water heater, and the first connection sub-circuit and the second connection sub-circuit have the same structure so as to meet the requirement that a user can still normally use the ground wire electrified detection device provided by the invention under the condition that the zero line and the fire wire of the electric water heater cannot be identified and can play the same role of detection;
When the first connection sub-circuit is connected with the zero line of the electric water heater and the second connection sub-circuit is connected with the live line of the electric water heater, the zero line and the live line of the electric water heater are respectively connected with the same current limiting resistor and the rectification circuit, when the reference ground wire (wall ground wire) is normally connected with the wall or grounded, the current of the electric water heater flows into the ground wire live detection device from the live line of the electric water heater, after passing through the current limiting and voltage reducing second resistor R2, the rectified second diode D2 and the first optical coupler U1, the second connection sub-circuit is connected with the reference ground wire E through the first optical coupler U1, the formed loop current enables the light emitting diode of the first optical coupler U1 to be lightened, the integrated detection circuit 30 detects whether the first input end has a signal through the first optical coupler U1, if the light emitting diode emits light, the reference ground wire is normally connected with the loop current to enable the first optical coupler, and the inductor of the first optical coupler outputs a corresponding electric signal, and the sensing output end of the first optical coupler and the first input end of the integrated detection circuit 30 are connected to the integrated detection circuit 30 for detection and judgment.
The ground wire of the electric water heater is connected with the ground wire access end of the ground wire live detection device, and the ground wire live detection access circuit comprises a current-limiting voltage-reducing third resistor R3, a rectifying third diode D3 and a second optical coupler U2; when the ground wire of the electric water heater is abnormally electrified, the current of the ground wire passes through the current-limiting and voltage-reducing third resistor R3, the rectifying third diode D3 and the second optical coupler U2, and as the ground wire access end PE is connected with the reference ground wire E through the second optical coupler, the current flows into the ground through the reference ground wire, the formed loop enables the light-emitting diode of the second optical coupler U2 to be lightened, the inductor of the second optical coupler U2 outputs corresponding electric signals, and the electric signals are input to the comprehensive detection circuit 30 through the second optical coupler and the second input end of the comprehensive detection circuit 30, so that the comprehensive detection circuit 30 detects and judges according to the electric signals flowing in from the first optical coupler and the second optical coupler;
When the first connection sub-circuit, the second connection sub-circuit and the ground wire access end PE of the ground wire electrified detection device are respectively and normally connected with a zero wire, a fire wire and a ground wire of the electric water heater, the comprehensive detection circuit comprehensively judges whether to send an alarm signal to the alarm circuit according to electric signals flowing in from the first optical coupler U1 and the second optical coupler U2:
(1) When the first optocoupler U1 does not have an electric signal input into the detection circuit, the first optocoupler U1 does not have loop current passing through, the light emitting diode of the first optocoupler U1 does not emit light, the first optocoupler U1 does not have an electric signal input into the comprehensive detection circuit 30, at the moment, the comprehensive detection circuit 30 outputs an alarm signal to the alarm circuit through a connecting wire with the alarm circuit, and the alarm circuit gives an alarm according to the alarm signal to prompt a user to ground the reference ground wire according to requirements;
(2) When the first optical coupler U1 has an electric signal input into the detection circuit, the light emitting diode of the first optical coupler U1 emits light normally, the first input end of the comprehensive detection circuit 30 has a signal input, and the comprehensive detection circuit 30 judges whether the ground wire of the electric water heater is abnormally charged or not according to the electric signal input by the second optical coupler; under normal conditions, the ground wire of the electric water heater is not electrified, no loop current passes through the second optocoupler U2, the light emitting diode of the second optocoupler U2 does not emit light, the second optocoupler U2 does not output an electric signal to the comprehensive detection circuit 30, and when the comprehensive detection circuit 30 does not detect the electric signal input from the second optocoupler U2, the ground wire of the electric water heater is judged to be electrified, and the comprehensive detection circuit 30 does not output an alarm signal;
(3) When the comprehensive detection circuit 30 detects the electric signal output by the second optical coupler U2, the abnormal electrification of the ground wire of the electric water heater is judged, the comprehensive detection circuit 30 outputs an alarm signal to the alarm circuit through a connecting wire with the alarm circuit, and the alarm circuit gives an alarm according to the received alarm signal to prompt a user that the ground wire of the electric water heater is abnormally electrified and is in an abnormal working state so as to stop the user from using the electric water heater.
When the first connection sub-circuit is connected with the live wire of the electric water heater and the second connection sub-circuit is connected with the zero line of the electric water heater, the current output by the zero line of the electric water heater is consistent with the normal connection of the zero line of the electric water heater through the first resistor R1, the rectifying first diode D1 and the first optical coupler U1, and the parameters of the first resistor R1 and the first diode D1 are the same as those of the second resistor R2 and the second diode D2, so that the current output by the zero line of the electric water heater is subjected to the same current limiting, voltage reducing and rectifying effects, and is input into the comprehensive detection circuit 30 through the inductor of the first optical coupler U1 through the first optical coupler U1, and the working principle and the working process are even consistent with those when the first connection sub-circuit is normally connected with the zero line of the electric water heater.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, such changes and modifications are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The ground wire live detection device is characterized by comprising a reference ground wire detection access circuit, a ground wire live detection access circuit and a comprehensive detection circuit; the reference ground wire detection access circuit is connected with the ground wire live detection access circuit; the reference ground wire detection access circuit and the ground wire live detection access circuit are respectively connected with the comprehensive detection circuit; the reference ground wire detection access circuit comprises a reference ground wire, and the reference ground wire detection access circuit detects whether the reference ground wire is grounded according to the requirement and sends a detection signal to the comprehensive detection circuit; the ground wire live detection access circuit takes a reference ground wire connected with the reference ground wire detection access circuit as a reference, detects whether the ground wire of the electric appliance to be detected connected with the ground wire live detection device is live or not, and sends detection signals to the comprehensive detection circuit, wherein the comprehensive detection circuit is used for sending alarm signals when the fact that the reference ground wire is not grounded according to requirements or the ground wire of the electric appliance to be detected is live is detected;
The reference ground wire detection access circuit comprises a power input sub-circuit, a first optical coupler and the reference ground wire, wherein the power input end of the power input sub-circuit is externally connected with a zero-live wire of a power supply, the power output end of the power input sub-circuit is connected with the anode of a light emitting diode of the first optical coupler, the cathode of the light emitting diode of the first optical coupler is connected with the reference ground wire, and the comprehensive detection circuit is connected with the coupling end of the first optical coupler;
the power input sub-circuit comprises a first connection sub-circuit and a second connection sub-circuit;
the first connection sub-circuit comprises a first electrode connection end, a first resistor and a first diode, wherein the first electrode connection end can be externally connected with a live wire or a zero wire of an electric appliance to be detected, the first electrode is connected with one end of the first resistor, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with the anode of the first diode;
The second connection sub-circuit comprises a second electrode connection end, a second resistor and a second diode, wherein the second electrode connection end can be externally connected with a live wire or a zero wire of an electric appliance to be detected, the second electrode is connected with one end of the second resistor, and the other end of the second resistor is connected with the anode of the second diode;
The cathode of the first diode is connected with the cathode of the second diode and is simultaneously connected with the anode of the first optocoupler light-emitting diode;
The ground wire live detection access circuit comprises a ground wire connection subcircuit, a second optical coupler and the reference ground wire; one end of the ground wire connection sub-circuit is connected with the ground wire of the electric appliance to be tested, the other end of the ground wire connection sub-circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the light emitting diode of the second optical coupler, the reference ground wire is connected with the negative electrode of the light emitting diode of the second optical coupler, and the comprehensive detection circuit is connected with the coupling end of the second optical coupler;
The ground wire connection sub-circuit comprises a ground wire access end, a third resistor and a third diode, wherein the ground wire access end is externally connected with the ground wire of an electric appliance to be detected, the ground wire access end is connected with one end of the third resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the third diode, and the negative electrode of the third diode is connected with the positive electrode of the light emitting diode of the second optical coupler;
The integrated detection circuit comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end, wherein the first input end is connected with the coupling end of the first optical coupler, the second input end is connected with the coupling end of the second optical coupler, and the output end is connected with the abnormal signal display module;
the abnormal signal display module comprises an alarm, and the alarm is an audible and visual alarm device;
the first optical coupler and the second optical coupler are respectively a first phototransistor type optical coupler and a second phototransistor type optical coupler, and further comprise a bias power supply connection end, wherein the bias power supply connection end is respectively connected with the collectors of the first phototransistor type optical coupler and the second phototransistor type optical coupler, the first input end of the comprehensive detection circuit is connected with the emitter electrode of the first phototransistor type optical coupler, and the second input end of the comprehensive detection circuit is connected with the emitter electrode of the second phototransistor type optical coupler.
2. An electric water heater comprising a water heater body and the ground wire electrification detecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ground wire electrification detecting access circuit is connected with the ground wire of the electric water heater, and the ground wire electrification detecting access circuit detects whether the ground wire is electrified.
3. An electric water heater comprising a water heater body and the ground wire live detection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first connection sub-circuit is connected with a live wire of the electric water heater, the second connection sub-circuit is connected with a zero wire of the electric water heater, or the first connection sub-circuit is connected with the zero wire of the electric water heater, the second connection sub-circuit is connected with the live wire of the electric water heater, the ground wire live detection access circuit is connected with a ground wire of the electric water heater, and the ground wire live detection access circuit detects whether the ground wire is electrified.
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| CN201810299444.8A CN108224790B (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2018-04-04 | Ground wire live detection device and electric water heater |
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| CN108224790B true CN108224790B (en) | 2024-04-30 |
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| CN109581141A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-05 | 青岛经济技术开发区海尔热水器有限公司 | Electric leakage detection method of electric water heater and electric water heater |
| CN113866523A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-31 | 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 | Electrical phase detection device and method for household appliance and household appliance |
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