CN108220955A - A kind of material and renovation technique for the laser melting coating reparation of Rotator in Hydropower Station room - Google Patents
A kind of material and renovation technique for the laser melting coating reparation of Rotator in Hydropower Station room Download PDFInfo
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- CN108220955A CN108220955A CN201810019870.1A CN201810019870A CN108220955A CN 108220955 A CN108220955 A CN 108220955A CN 201810019870 A CN201810019870 A CN 201810019870A CN 108220955 A CN108220955 A CN 108220955A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of material and renovation technique for the laser melting coating reparation of Rotator in Hydropower Station room, which includes following components by weight percentage：Cobalt：55%~75%；Chromium：15%~35%；Tungsten：1%~10%；Carbon：0.3%~5%；Remaining as silicon and boron.By using laser melting and coating process, substitute traditional welding procedure and spraying technology, obtain the better cladding layer of performance, and it improves work efficiency, suitable for the reparation of ring steel plate in Rotator in Hydropower Station room, it can make cladding layer that there is better Cavitation, erosion property, while the bond strength of cladding layer and base material can be improved, form finer and closely woven institutional framework.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser melting coatings to repair field, and in particular to a kind of for the laser melting coating reparation of Rotator in Hydropower Station room
Material and renovation technique.
Background technology
In During Process of Long-term Operation, flow passage components runner envelope inner ring steel plate is cavitated, is ground axis circulation slurry turbine-generator units
There is cavitation erosion hole in erosion, the synergy of erosion, and steel plate thickness direction size is thinned, and hollowing, perforated phenomenon locally occurs, even
There is tear to come off.These damages will cause turbine blade to increase with runner envelope steel plate gap, and waterpower utilization rate declines, unit
Decrease in power generation efficiency will lead to structural destruction when serious, influence the safe operation of unit.
At present, runner envelope steel plate is cast stainless steel, local damage occurs frequently with martensitic stain less steel welding rod heap repair welding
It is multiple, repair deformation it is big, easily there are the defects of a large amount of weld cracks, stomata, welding position service life is short, overhauls built-up welding repeatedly.
For the badly damaged of large area, there are no good restorative procedures both at home and abroad at present, can only use integral replacing, remove former turn
Engineer room inner ring is excavated former concrete and is filled out back, installs new inner ring.The method period of integral replacing is long, and quantities is big, generally requires
200 days or more.Some domestic power plant enterprises are attempted using hot spraying WC hard alloy, to improve wearability, but coating and base
Body bond strength is not high, and coating layer thickness is thin, and inner ring steel plate service life is low.Therefore, do not occurring large area hollowing and tearing de-
Before, cavitation, erosion resistant, the erosive wear resistance of runner envelope steel plate are effectively improved using the method for field repair, is turned so as to improve
The service life of engineer room inner ring steel plate is that there is the problem of to be solved in hydroelectric generation enterprise both at home and abroad at present.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of materials and renovation technique for the laser melting coating reparation of Rotator in Hydropower Station room, can
Solve existing for existing built-up welding or spraying technology that large-area built-up welding deformation is big, be also easy to produce crackle, anti-corrosion and and wear no resistance, spray
Apply the problem of bond strength is low, thickness is thin.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：One kind is used for Rotator in Hydropower Station room laser
The material of cladding reparation, which is characterized in that including following components by weight percentage：Cobalt：55~75 parts；Chromium：15~35
Part；Tungsten：1~10 part；Carbon：0.3~5 part；The formula has good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and laser melting coating performance is good.
Preferably in scheme, 0~2 part of 0~2 part of silicon and boron are further included.
Further, each component is spherical powdery, and granularity is at 50~100 microns.Good fluidity.
The invention further relates to the technique that Rotator in Hydropower Station room laser melting coating reparation is carried out using the material, including following step
Suddenly：
1) it detects a flaw to area to be repaired, polishing removal surface oxide layer is carried out to defect and surface region to be repaired,
Then the pollution of above-mentioned zone is cleaned；Cladding repair materials are spare after being mixed and being preheated；
2) in-situ horizontal powder-feeding laser melting-painting reparation is carried out to area to be repaired using laser cladding equipment；
3) sanding and polishing processing is carried out to clad layer surface；
4) carrying out flaw detection, deflection test, hardness test and Thickness sensitivity are carried out to cladding layer, it can be complete after meeting the requirements
Into the laser melting coating reparation of Rotator in Hydropower Station room.
Further, it detects a flaw, is cleaned when cleaning pollution using acetone and absolute ethyl alcohol, clean range for PT during flaw detection
Including defect and the region of surface region to be repaired and its surrounding 2mm.
Further, in step 1) after the mixing of cladding repair materials, 80~120 DEG C is heated to and keeps the temperature 1 hour.Remove powder
In moisture content, improve powder flowbility, prevent moisture content from entering cladding tissue.
Further, in step 2) in cladding repair process, laser power is 1000~8000W, powder sending quantity for 10~
250g/min；Using the symmetrical cladding of subregion, to reduce heat accumulation so as to Reducing distortion, partition size 300mm*300mm.
Further, clad layer surface roughness is less than Ra0.6 after polishing in step 3).
Further, the carrying out flaw detection ensures detect a flaw pore-free, crack defect；Deflection tests steel plate surface warping deformation
Measure ＜ 0.2mm, hardness test surface rockwell hardness ＞ HRC48, Thickness sensitivity repair layer thickness G T.GT.GT 0.5mm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1) runner envelope steel plate is casting martensitic stain less steel material, commonly uses ZG0Cr13Ni4Mo, ZG0Cr13Ni5Mo.Steel plate
The powder of laser repairing is selected other than considering powder self-characteristic, it is also contemplated that the coefficient of thermal expansion of powder and basis material,
The matching of the physical parameters such as fusing point.Repair materials powder of the present invention includes a kind of cobalt-based, Co-Cr-W-C type alloyed powders
End, the powder advantage are：There is a good matching with base material, pore-free and crackle generate, cladding layer cavitation erosion resistance, wear-resisting
Property, abrasion-resistance, wearability are good.The bond strength of cladding layer and base material can be improved simultaneously, form finer and closely woven institutional framework.Institute
State the physical and chemical performances such as alloy material and thermal expansivity, wetability, fusing point of the basis material in laser action process satisfaction
Laser cladding forming process conditions, after molding the defects of pore-free, crackle.I.e. from material physics and chemistry angle, technique accessibility is good, work
Skill controllability is good.
2) laser melting and coating technique can significantly improve the performances such as wear-resisting, heat-resisting, anti-corrosion, anti-oxidant of metal surface.With built-up welding,
The conventional surfaces treatment technology such as thermal spraying, plating is compared, it has many advantages, such as, such as applicable material system is extensive, cladding layer
With matrix be metallurgical binding, thermal deformation is small, technique is easy to automate etc..Directly fusing coaxial synchronous is transported in matrix surface
Alloy powder and quickly solidify, be totally different from part base material and fast better than base material so as to obtain ingredient, tissue and performance
Non-equilibrium microstructure is consolidated in rapid hardening.Reparation microstructure is tiny, fine and close, and cladding layer is combined with base material, pore-free, microfissure, folder
The defects of miscellaneous, performance meet or exceed the performance of new inner ring steel plate, save replacement cost, generate huge economy
Benefit.
3) present invention melts steel matrix to form molten bath by heat source irradiation of laser, and material for repairing powder passes through carrier gas
Conveying is sent out from nozzle enters the rapid Melting And Solidification in molten bath, and cladding layer material and basis material are into metallurgy under inert gas shielding
Knot, so as to significantly improve the wearability of substrate material surface and corrosion resisting property.It is embodied in and improves material cavitation, wear-resisting
Erosion, erosive wear resistance, the technique are used for in-situ horizontal powder-feeding laser melting-painting reparation, and cladding thickness is more than 0.5MM, and using face is hard
Degree, cavitation erosion resistance, wearability greatly improve, flawless, gas hole defect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is metallographic structure figure of the workpiece under low power after repairing.
Fig. 2 is metallographic structure figure of the workpiece under high power after repairing.
Fig. 3 is cavitation test apparatus structure schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
It is further illustrated the present invention with reference to embodiment, but the scope of protection of present invention is not limited to implement
The range of example statement.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of material for the laser melting coating reparation of Rotator in Hydropower Station room, including following components by weight：
Cobalt：63.5 parts；Chromium：30 parts；Tungsten：5 parts；Carbon：0.8 part；0.1 part of 0.2 part of silicon and boron.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of material for the laser melting coating reparation of Rotator in Hydropower Station room, including following components by weight percentage：
Cobalt：68.5 parts；Chromium：27 parts；Tungsten：4 parts；Carbon：1 part.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of material for the laser melting coating reparation of Rotator in Hydropower Station room, including following components by weight percentage：
Cobalt：65.3 parts；Chromium：25 parts；Tungsten：7 parts；Carbon：0.3 part；1.4 parts of 1 part of silicon and boron.
Each component is spherical powdery in above-mentioned material, and granularity is at 50~100 microns.
Embodiment 4：
The technique that Rotator in Hydropower Station room laser melting coating reparation is carried out using above-mentioned material, is included the following steps：
1) PT flaw detections are carried out to area to be repaired, polishing removal surface oxidation is carried out to defect and surface region to be repaired
Layer, then using the pollution of acetone and washes of absolute alcohol above-mentioned zone；Cladding repair materials are mixed and at 80 DEG C
It is spare after preheating 1 hour；
2) in-situ horizontal powder-feeding laser melting-painting reparation is carried out to area to be repaired using laser cladding equipment；Laser power is
1000~3000W, powder sending quantity 10-50g/min；Using the symmetrical cladding of subregion, partition size 300mm*300mm.
3) sanding and polishing processing is carried out to clad layer surface；Clad layer surface roughness is less than Ra0.6 after polishing.
4) carrying out flaw detection, deflection test, hardness test and Thickness sensitivity are carried out to cladding layer, it can be complete after meeting the requirements
Into the laser melting coating reparation of Rotator in Hydropower Station room.Ensure detect a flaw pore-free, crack defect；Deflection tests steel plate surface warping deformation amount
＜ 0.2mm, hardness test surface rockwell hardness ＞ HRC48, Thickness sensitivity repair layer thickness G T.GT.GT 0.5mm.
Laser cladding of material of the present invention and technique, suitable for field-repair system, which can also be set
For automate repair system, mainly including switch board, laser, high precision six-axis manipulator, laser head, nozzle, switchboards of job guide rail,
Water cooling unit, carrier gas powder feeder.By installing I-steel guide rail and high precision six-axis manipulator near area to be repaired so that treat
Restoring area is real by using 3-D scanning and image processing tool within the efficient working range of high precision six-axis manipulator
The size detection of existing restoring area, establishment generation laser beam scan path program, and realize robot path analog simulation, finally lead to
Laser cladding equipment is crossed, realizes horizontal powder feeding reparation.
In addition, in repair process, the parameter for further relating to control has：Sweep speed, defocusing amount and overlapping rate, powder feeding air-flow
And protection air-flow.Design parameter is as shown in table 1 below：
Table 1
In order to prove the repairing effect of the present invention, the technique in using embodiment 4 carries out laser to Rotator in Hydropower Station room
After cladding is repaired, from after reparation Metallographic Analysis, hardness test erosion resistance, further illustrate in terms of cavitation erosion resistance.
Metallographic Analysis
Using metallographic microscope to the workpiece after reparation, matrix, transition zone tissue, microstructure of surface cladding layer are carried out respectively
Fig. 1 is shown in metal lographic examination, the metallographic structure under low power (50 times), the results showed that cladding layer material and matrix combination interface are good, powder
The matching of material and basis material is good, without incomplete fusion, crackle and the defects of be mingled under low power.High power (500 times) tissue is shown in Fig. 2,
Without apparent stomata, fine microstructures densification under high power.Illustrate that this technique and material can be with the bond strengths of welding layer and base material, and have
There is good mechanical property.
Resistance to Cavitation
The acceleration cavitation test method of cavitation phenomena is generated in specimen surface using ultrasonic activation, to cladding layer and base material
Carry out contrast test, test principle schematic diagram such as Fig. 3.It is confirmed by comparing, cladding layer has better resistance to Cavitation than base material.
This is of great significance to extending runner envelope inner ring steel plate service life.
Erosion property detects
Using EG-EW-900 tester for testing scouring wear, anti-erosion property contrast test is done.Result of the test shows cladding layer
Anti-erosion property be 3 times of base material or so.
Hardness determination
Using spy regard microhardness testers carry out hardness determination, detect five groups or more cladding layers, hardness HRC 50 with
On, meet the hardness requirement of runner envelope steel plate.
Embodiment 5：
The technique that Rotator in Hydropower Station room laser melting coating reparation is carried out using above-mentioned material, is included the following steps：
1) PT flaw detections are carried out to area to be repaired, polishing removal surface oxidation is carried out to defect and surface region to be repaired
Layer, then using the pollution of acetone and washes of absolute alcohol above-mentioned zone；Cladding repair materials are mixed and at 100 DEG C
It is spare after preheating 1 hour；
2) in-situ horizontal powder-feeding laser melting-painting reparation is carried out to area to be repaired using laser cladding equipment；Laser power is
2000-5000W, powder sending quantity 50-100g/min；Using the symmetrical cladding of subregion, partition size 300mm*300mm.
3) sanding and polishing processing is carried out to clad layer surface；Clad layer surface roughness is less than Ra0.6 after polishing.
4) carrying out flaw detection, deflection test, hardness test and Thickness sensitivity are carried out to cladding layer, it can be complete after meeting the requirements
Into the laser melting coating reparation of Rotator in Hydropower Station room.Ensure detect a flaw pore-free, crack defect；Deflection tests steel plate surface warping deformation amount
＜ 0.2mm, hardness test surface rockwell hardness ＞ HRC48, Thickness sensitivity repair layer thickness G T.GT.GT 0.5mm.
Embodiment 6：
The technique that Rotator in Hydropower Station room laser melting coating reparation is carried out using above-mentioned material, is included the following steps：
1) PT flaw detections are carried out to area to be repaired, polishing removal surface oxidation is carried out to defect and surface region to be repaired
Layer, then using the pollution of acetone and washes of absolute alcohol above-mentioned zone；Cladding repair materials are mixed and at 120 DEG C
It is spare after preheating 1 hour；
2) in-situ horizontal powder-feeding laser melting-painting reparation is carried out to area to be repaired using laser cladding equipment；Laser power is
5000-8000W, powder sending quantity 100-250g/min；Using the symmetrical cladding of subregion, partition size 300mm*300mm.
3) sanding and polishing processing is carried out to clad layer surface；Clad layer surface roughness is less than Ra0.6 after polishing.
4) carrying out flaw detection, deflection test, hardness test and Thickness sensitivity are carried out to cladding layer, it can be complete after meeting the requirements
Into the laser melting coating reparation of Rotator in Hydropower Station room.Ensure detect a flaw pore-free, crack defect；Deflection tests steel plate surface warping deformation amount
＜ 0.2mm, hardness test surface rockwell hardness ＞ HRC48, Thickness sensitivity repair layer thickness G T.GT.GT 0.5mm.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of material for the laser melting coating reparation of Rotator in Hydropower Station room, which is characterized in that including by weight percentage
Following components：Cobalt：55~75 parts；Chromium：15~35 parts；Tungsten：1~10 part；Carbon：0.3~5 part.
2. material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Further include 0 ~ 2 part of 0 ~ 2 part of silicon and boron.
3. material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Each component is spherical powdery, and granularity is micro- 50 ~ 100
Rice.
4. the technique of Rotator in Hydropower Station room laser melting coating reparation is carried out using material described in claim 1-3 any one, it is special
Sign is, includes the following steps：
1）It detects a flaw to area to be repaired, polishing removal surface oxide layer is carried out to defect and surface region to be repaired, then
Clean the pollution of above-mentioned zone；Cladding repair materials are spare after being mixed and being preheated；
2）In-situ horizontal powder-feeding laser melting-painting reparation is carried out to area to be repaired using laser cladding equipment；
3）Sanding and polishing processing is carried out to clad layer surface；
4）Carrying out flaw detection, deflection test, hardness test and Thickness sensitivity are carried out to cladding layer, water can be completed after meeting the requirements
Power station runner envelope laser melting coating reparation.
5. technique according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Detect a flaw during flaw detection for PT, when cleaning pollution using acetone and
Absolute ethyl alcohol is cleaned, and clean range includes defect and the region of surface region to be repaired and its surrounding 2mm.
6. technique according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Step 1）After middle cladding repair materials mixing, it is heated to 80
~120 DEG C keep the temperature 1 hour.
7. technique according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Step 2）In middle cladding repair process, laser power is
1000~8000W, powder sending quantity are 10~250g/min；Using the symmetrical cladding of subregion, partition size 300mm*300mm.
8. technique according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Step 3）Clad layer surface roughness is less than after middle polishing
Ra0.6。
9. technique according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The carrying out flaw detection ensures detect a flaw pore-free, crack defect；
Deflection test steel plate surface warping deformation amount ＜ 0.2mm, hardness test surface rockwell hardness ＞ HRC48, Thickness sensitivity repair layer
Thickness G T.GT.GT 0.5mm.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN109136909A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-04 | 吉林大学 | Using the method for breeding theoretical progress laser melting coating repair crack |
| CN112410783A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 | Repairing process suitable for composite layer of end cover B30 of marine lithium bromide refrigerating unit |
| CN113960162A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-01-21 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for inspecting laser cladding repair layer on surface of roller |
| CN114411143A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-04-29 | 大唐水电科学技术研究院有限公司 | Method for repairing and protecting impulse turbine nozzle cavitation erosion and silt abrasion |
| CN116265608A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-06-20 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | High-strength wear-resistant belt for titanium alloy drill rod joint and preparation method thereof |
| CN116550990A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-08-08 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | Mobile laser additive processing method and device for top cover of large-sized water turbine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109136909A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-04 | 吉林大学 | Using the method for breeding theoretical progress laser melting coating repair crack |
| CN112410783A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 | Repairing process suitable for composite layer of end cover B30 of marine lithium bromide refrigerating unit |
| CN113960162A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-01-21 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for inspecting laser cladding repair layer on surface of roller |
| CN113960162B (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2024-01-09 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Inspection method for laser cladding repair layer on roller surface |
| CN114411143A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-04-29 | 大唐水电科学技术研究院有限公司 | Method for repairing and protecting impulse turbine nozzle cavitation erosion and silt abrasion |
| CN116265608A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-06-20 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | High-strength wear-resistant belt for titanium alloy drill rod joint and preparation method thereof |
| CN116550990A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-08-08 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | Mobile laser additive processing method and device for top cover of large-sized water turbine |
| CN116550990B (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-12-08 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | Mobile laser additive processing method and device for top cover of large-sized water turbine |
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