CN108220564A - A kind of 9Ni heavy forgings construct molding design method - Google Patents
A kind of 9Ni heavy forgings construct molding design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108220564A CN108220564A CN201710084892.1A CN201710084892A CN108220564A CN 108220564 A CN108220564 A CN 108220564A CN 201710084892 A CN201710084892 A CN 201710084892A CN 108220564 A CN108220564 A CN 108220564A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the fields of forging, specifically it is exactly that a kind of 9Ni heavy forgings construct molding design method, it is suitable for the forming of big section forging and promotes the reliability of heavy forging, for solving the problems, such as central pipe, loose etc. to be caused to be difficult to control in traditional heavy forging technique.The design method includes smelting, washes and cut the techniques such as continuous casting billet surface, Vacuum Package, high-temperature heating, high pressure smithwelding, forging and molding, and thought is constructed using metal is seamless：Polylith is homogenized into base material after surface cleaning and Vacuum Package, the connection of metal solid-state, interface of fully healing are realized in large deformation at high temperature.Core concept is " breaking the whole up into parts, big with small system ", has changed big component and has homogenized technology of preparing, has broken through component manufacturing limit, promote the reliability of heavy forging.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field of forging, specifically exactly a kind of 9Ni heavy forgings construct molding design method, it is suitable
For the forming of big section forging and the reliability of promotion heavy forging.
Background technology
Spindle material design is upper usually to select 9Ni steel, and it is natural which is mainly applied to liquefied petroleum in the form of steel plate
Gas storage tank, it is less to be used for forging.And prepare the heavy forging needs 100 for reaching 1600mm at 35 tons of net weight and forging maximum cross-section
~120 tons of steel ingots, metallurgical difficulty is very big, and existing main problem is：
1) it is big to prepare difficulty for steel ingot.9Ni steel solid-liquid two-phase region is wider, and molten steel viscosity is big, and it is loose easily to form shrinkage cavity；Simultaneously
Martensite transfor mation occurs for cooling procedure, and stress is larger, is also easy to produce surface checking and centre burst；It is inclined that large steel ingot is also easy to produce channel
Analysis, hundred tonnes of 9Ni steel ESR ingots are both at home and abroad without related manufacturing experience.
2) ingredient and tissue homogeneous degree control are difficult.The deformable temperature of 9Ni steel is narrow, and forging is also easy to produce face crack, shapes
Cheng Duoci melts down heating and easily causes coarse-grain and mixed crystal；Meanwhile segregation end to end, A segregations and the center V segregation meetings of 9Ni steel large steel ingots
Make adjacent regions tissue disorder, seriously affect stability.
3) traditional heavy forging manufacturing process
A) ESR ingot
Electroslag remelting is the method for being used as heat source progress melting by the resistance heat generated during slag using electric current, special
Point is shallow pool solidification, can obtain the steel ingot of cleaning, even tissue, densification.
The major defect of large-scale ESR ingot：
1) cross-sectional area of crystallizer is big, is deteriorated to the cooling effect at ingot casting center, and control sequence freezing action weakens,
The shrinkage cavity at steel ingot center, loose control become problem.
2) it in the reflow process of large-scale casting ingot, needs repeatedly to replace electrode, causes the technological fluctuation of electric current, voltage, it is right
The quality stability of final ingot casting has significant impact.
3) the large-scale ESR ingot remelting time is long, and element evaporation and scaling loss in slag system need constantly to supplement, adjust slag
It is component.Meanwhile hydrogenation, oxygenation are serious during big ESR ingot remelting, airtight protection technique is not perfect.
B) double vacuum ingots
Double vacuum steel ingots are while liquid steel refining process degasification, and casting process also carries out under vacuum, avoids molten steel
Oxidation and air-breathing in solidification, its main feature is that the content of hydrogen and oxygen is relatively low.
The major defect of large-scale double vacuum steel ingots：
1) steel ingot mode diameter is big, and steel ingot cooling velocity is slow, and dendrite is flourishing, top normal segregation, bottom negative segregation, center V
Segregation, both sides A segregations are serious, and homogeneity of ingredients is poor.
2) large steel ingot consecutive solidification effect is poor, and steel ingot center is difficult to by feeding, is also easy to produce serious shrinkage cavity rarefaction defect,
Steel ingot compactness is poor.
3) large steel ingot needs to add covering slag in casting process, and control is bad easily to form bulk inclusion inside steel ingot, leads
Cause steel ingot degree of purity poor.
In conclusion a kind of novel heavy forging fabrication scheme of research is very necessary to solve more than problem.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple and highly efficient design method that forming is constructed for 9Ni heavy forgings, solutions
It is serious certainly to show the extremely difficult guarantee of internal metallurgical quality of traditional handicraft manufacture steel ingot, gross segregation, center porosity and coarse grains etc.
Problem, and economically cost is relatively low.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of 9Ni heavy forgings construct molding design method, and continuous casting billet surface, Vacuum Package, height are cut including smelting, washing
Warm heating, high pressure smithwelding, forging and molding, are as follows：
1) the production department 230mm thickness 9Ni steel continuous casting billets on vertical with bending type continuous casting machine, and carry out 800 DEG C of ± 10 DEG C of heat preservation 4h
Reach demagnetization purpose；
2) after 9Ni steel continuous casting billets carry out demagnetization, milling working process is carried out to 9Ni steel continuous casting billets surface；
3) it by 6 pieces of 9Ni steel continuous casting billets stackings together, is put into vacuum electron beam welding and carries out soldering and sealing, combination 9Ni
Steel continuous casting billet will be as the raw material of follow-up forging stock；
4) the 9Ni steel continuous casting billets being welded are heated at high temperature in vacuum chamber to 1200 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, in 140MN oil pressure
It is forged on machine.
The 9Ni heavy forgings construct molding design method, and 9Ni heavy forgings are according to 5000.15 credit rating I of JB/T
Grade requirement carries out nondestructive inspection.
The 9Ni heavy forgings construct molding design method, the net weight 27t of 9Ni heavy forgings, a diameter of at big section
1600mm。
The present invention design philosophy be：
Metal constructs the Traditional Thinking that the base material of forming technological break-through forging can only be larger than, and proposes to use quality
Slab excellent, that quality is steady, at low cost, which is constructed, prepares that size is big, requires high heavy forging.It is processed by surface, pre-hardening and clear
After clean processing, by polylith slab Vacuum Package, then apply the smithwelding with the characteristics of pressurize forging, multiway forging at high temperature
Technique by the abundant soldering in interface, makes interface combine together with matrix, realizes the metallurgical connection at seamless interface.Metal is seamless to be constructed
Thought：Polylith is homogenized into base material after surface cleaning and Vacuum Package, the connection of metal solid-state is realized in large deformation at high temperature,
Fully healing interface.Core concept is " breaking the whole up into parts, big with small system ", has changed big component and has homogenized technology of preparing, has broken through structure
Part manufacturing limit promotes the reliability of heavy forging.
Advantages of the present invention and advantageous effect are：
1) it is safe
9Ni forging not only bears certain torque and vibration, Er Qieyao as the rotating member being on active service under the conditions of special envoy
Asking 50 years, accidents happened, therefore uniformity to forging performance and consistency propose high requirement.According to conventional die castings
The defects of steel ingot or large-scale ESR ingot produce, will be inevitably generated loose shrinkage cavity, gross segregation is caused different on forging
The difference of position tissue, performance destroys the consistency of component materials performance, makes it that unbalance loading easily occur during being on active service,
It generates stress concentration and fails.And it can then be generated using manufacturing process is constructed to avoid these defects.
2) reliable in quality
The main metallurgical defect of the forging quality of influence is segregation, loose and be mingled with.Construct the continuous casting of forming technique use
Base (or small electroslag ingot) is as the base unit constructed, in terms of segregation angle, since setting rate is fast, and homogeneity of ingredients
Far better than static ingot；In terms of loose angle, the dense structure of construction unit, there is no center porosities, and soldering interface is through protecting
After temperature, pressurize and multiway forging, it can heal, be no different with matrix completely；In terms of level of inclusions, continuous casting billet is deaerated using RH stoves,
Pernicious gas content deaerates less than VD stoves, and total oxygen content is low, and level of inclusions is relatively low, better than ingot casting.
3) cost is relatively low
Using continuous casting billet as forging base material, cutting stock weight can be calculated accurately, and if using static ingot as forging
Part base material, riser slit, the mouth of a river and the limitation of ingot shape specification have 20~30% waste of material.Meanwhile continuous casting billet exists
Large-scale production advantage, ton steel cost are only the 70% of static ingot cost, and the 50% of ESR ingot.Overall estimation, using constructing
It shapes and uses the cost difference of large-scale ESR ingot manufacture more than 30%.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 9Ni heavy forging production procedures.
Fig. 2 is the 230mm thickness 9Ni continuous casting billets of Anshan iron and steel plant production.
Fig. 3 is the steel billet after the working process of surface.
Fig. 4 is the 9Ni steel continuous casting billets after stacking.
Fig. 5 is the good 9Ni steel billet groups of soldering and sealing.
Fig. 6~9 are 9Ni heavy forging forging processes.
Figure 10 is the internal anatomy that 10MW thermoelectricity rotor forgings construct forming.
Make process with forming legal system is constructed for sodium-cooled fast reactor support ring in Figure 11~16.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
In specific implementation process, the present invention develops a kind of 9Ni heavy forgings and constructs molding design method, including smelting,
Wash and cut the techniques such as continuous casting billet surface, Vacuum Package, high-temperature heating, high pressure smithwelding, forging and molding, technological process for shown in Fig. 1,
Embodiment is as follows：
1) 230mm thickness 9Ni steel continuous casting billets (Fig. 2) are produced on Anshan iron and steel plant vertical with bending type continuous casting machine first, and carry out 800
DEG C of ± 10 DEG C heat preservation 4h annealings are to reach demagnetization purpose.
2) after carrying out demagnetization to 9Ni steel continuous casting billets, milling working process (Fig. 3) is carried out to 9Ni steel continuous casting billets surface.
3) it by 6 pieces of 9Ni steel continuous casting billets stackings together (Fig. 4), is put into vacuum electron beam welding and carries out soldering and sealing, the group
9Ni steel continuous casting billets are closed using as the raw material of follow-up forging stock, the good 9Ni steel billet groups of soldering and sealing are shown in Fig. 5.
4) forging stock being welded is heated at high temperature in vacuum chamber to 1250 DEG C, is forged on 140MN hydraulic presses,
Forging process is Fig. 6~9.
5) nondestructive inspection is carried out according to the I grades of requirements of 5000.15 credit ratings of JB/T.
Embodiment
The present invention's constructs technology to be successfully applied in thermoelectricity rotor (Figure 10), tube sheet, the big axis of large-scale water turbine runner
With the manufacture of sodium-cooled fast reactor stainless steel bearing ring forging.As shown in Figure 11~16, by sodium-cooled fast reactor support ring with being built into
Shape method manufacturing process.It can thus be seen that polylith is homogenized base material after surface cleaning and Vacuum Package by the present invention, in height
The connection of metal solid-state is realized in the lower large deformation of temperature, interface of fully healing, and has been changed big component and has been homogenized technology of preparing, has broken through component
Manufacturing limit promotes the reliability of heavy forging.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of 9Ni heavy forgings construct molding design method, which is characterized in that cut continuous casting billet surface, vacuum including smelting, washing
Encapsulation, high-temperature heating, high pressure smithwelding, forging and molding, are as follows：
1) the production department 230mm thickness 9Ni steel continuous casting billets on vertical with bending type continuous casting machine, and carry out 800 DEG C of ± 10 DEG C of heat preservation 4h and reach
Demagnetization purpose；
2) after 9Ni steel continuous casting billets carry out demagnetization, milling working process is carried out to 9Ni steel continuous casting billets surface；
3) it by 6 pieces of 9Ni steel continuous casting billets stackings together, is put into vacuum electron beam welding and carries out soldering and sealing, combination 9Ni steel continuous castings
Base will be as the raw material of follow-up forging stock；
4) the 9Ni steel continuous casting billets being welded are heated at high temperature in vacuum chamber to 1200 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, it is enterprising in 140MN hydraulic presses
Row forging.
2. the 9Ni heavy forgings according to right 1 construct molding design method, which is characterized in that 9Ni heavy forgings are according to JB/T
The requirement of 5000.15 I grades of credit ratings carries out nondestructive inspection.
3. the 9Ni heavy forgings according to right 1 construct molding design method, which is characterized in that the net weight of 9Ni heavy forgings
27t, a diameter of 1600mm at big section.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710084892.1A CN108220564A (en) | 2017-02-16 | 2017-02-16 | A kind of 9Ni heavy forgings construct molding design method |
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| CN201710084892.1A CN108220564A (en) | 2017-02-16 | 2017-02-16 | A kind of 9Ni heavy forgings construct molding design method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112903954A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 大连理工大学 | Interface healing performance evaluation method for metal substrate construction forming |
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| CN101590596A (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2009-12-02 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | A kind of method of manufacturing extra-thick plate blank by accumulative roller welding process |
| CN101927336A (en) * | 2009-06-22 | 2010-12-29 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Large extra thick plate blank and production method thereof |
| CN105499459A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2016-04-20 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Dissimilar metal structure forming method |
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2017
- 2017-02-16 CN CN201710084892.1A patent/CN108220564A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101927336A (en) * | 2009-06-22 | 2010-12-29 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Large extra thick plate blank and production method thereof |
| CN101590596A (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2009-12-02 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | A kind of method of manufacturing extra-thick plate blank by accumulative roller welding process |
| CN105499459A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2016-04-20 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Dissimilar metal structure forming method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 万升云: "《磁粉检测 国际无损检测人员资格鉴定培训》", 28 February 2015, 中国铁道出版社 * |
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| CN112903954A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 大连理工大学 | Interface healing performance evaluation method for metal substrate construction forming |
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Application publication date: 20180629 |