CN108219853B - Automatic control device and control method for gasification layer thickness of gas making furnace - Google Patents
Automatic control device and control method for gasification layer thickness of gas making furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN108219853B CN108219853B CN201810164194.7A CN201810164194A CN108219853B CN 108219853 B CN108219853 B CN 108219853B CN 201810164194 A CN201810164194 A CN 201810164194A CN 108219853 B CN108219853 B CN 108219853B
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 205
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 121
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007728 cost analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/30—Fuel charging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/34—Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to an automatic control device and a control method for the thickness of a gasification layer of a gas making furnace; the device comprises a gas making furnace, wherein a gas bin lock hopper with a distributor is arranged at the top of the gas making furnace, a lower coal lock hopper valve is arranged at the top of the gas bin lock hopper, one side of the gas bin lock hopper is connected with a coal metering tank through an upper coal lock hopper valve, the top of the coal metering tank is connected with the gas bin through a metering belt coal feeder, a material layer is arranged in the middle of the gas making furnace, a furnace bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the gas making furnace, a gear ring, an ash tray and a pagoda type grate are sequentially arranged at the upper part of the furnace bottom plate, air inlet pipelines are arranged at the middle part of the furnace bottom plate, air branch pipes connected with the furnace bottom plate are respectively arranged at two sides of the air inlet pipelines, the lower part of each air inlet pipeline is communicated with the lower part of a first pipeline and a lower part of a second pipeline, the upper part of the material layer in the gas making furnace is a gasification layer, and an upper pipeline is arranged at the top of the gas making furnace; has the advantages of large ventilation area, strong slag breaking capacity and prolonged service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas making furnaces, and particularly relates to an automatic control device and a control method for the thickness of a gasification layer of a gas making furnace.
Background
The industries such as coal chemical industry, heating coal gas, clean combustion and the like adopt a fixed bed normal pressure to gasify massive fuel, and a production system for producing synthesis gas such as ammonia synthesis, methanol, ethylene glycol, dimethyl carbonate and the like is adopted; glass, metallurgy, calcination, equipment manufacturing, and the like require production systems such as heating and melting, heat treatment, and the like. At present, the gas making technology of small and medium chemical fertilizer enterprises in China mainly adopts an ordinary pressure fixed bed intermittent gasification technology, has the problems of low single-furnace yield and high raw material consumption, and can achieve the aim of reducing lump coal consumption and improving economic benefit by properly improving the concentration of the oxygen fed into the furnace, but after the concentration of the oxygen fed into the furnace is improved, the ascending temperature of the gas making furnace is improved, the thickness of an ash layer at the bottom of the furnace and the fluctuation of carbon residue in slag are large, the coke returning of lower ash is high, and the corrosion of an ash tray, a grate and a fixing bolt is serious; the reaction process in the gas making furnace is complex, the variables are more, the coupling among the variables is serious, and the conventional artificial judgment and control are difficult to control all controlled variables in an optimal range; the gas making furnace deviates from the optimal operation condition, and the normal operation of the equipment is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a method for optimally controlling the thickness of a material layer by adopting a multivariable predictive control system, and the purposes of reducing lump coal consumption and improving economic benefit are achieved by controlling the rotating speeds of a grate machine and a coal feeding belt to adjust the thickness of an ash layer and the position of a stable gasification layer of the coal feeding amount; an automatic control device and a control method for the thickness of a gasification layer of a gas making furnace, which can prolong the service life of the furnace bottom and reduce the power consumption of a transmission part of the furnace bottom by changing the blowing-off mode of a gear ring at the furnace bottom of the gas making furnace and adopting a bearing positioning mode and a grate reinforcing measure.
The object of the invention is achieved in that: the device comprises a gas making furnace, wherein a gas bin lock hopper with a distributor is arranged at the top of the gas making furnace, a lower coal lock hopper valve is arranged at the top of the gas bin lock hopper, one side of the gas bin lock hopper is connected with a coal metering tank through an upper coal lock hopper valve, the top of the coal metering tank is connected with the gas bin through a metering belt coal feeder, a material layer is arranged in the middle of the gas making furnace, a furnace bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the gas making furnace, a gear ring, an ash tray and a pagoda type grate are sequentially arranged at the upper part of the furnace bottom plate, air inlet pipelines are arranged at the middle part of the furnace bottom plate, air branch pipes connected with the furnace bottom plate are respectively arranged at two sides of the air inlet pipelines, the lower part of each air inlet pipeline is communicated with the lower part of a first pipeline and a lower part of a second pipeline, the upper part of the material layer in the gas making furnace is a gasification layer, and an upper pipeline is arranged at the top of the gas making furnace; the outer surface of the pagoda-shaped grate is provided with a high-temperature resistant hard alloy material layer; the gear ring is connected with the variable-frequency furnace bar machine through a vertical bearing; the lower part of the material layer, the middle part of the material layer and the upper part of the material layer are sequentially provided with a first thermometer, a second thermometer and a third thermometer, the left side and the right side of the lower part of the gas making furnace are provided with a left ash bin and a right ash bin, the left ash bin is provided with a fourth thermometer, the right ash bin is provided with a fifth thermometer, a sixth thermometer is arranged between the second layer and the third layer of the pagoda-type fire grate, and the lower part of the second pipeline is provided with a seventh thermometer. The first thermometer, the second thermometer, the third thermometer, the fourth thermometer, the fifth thermometer, the sixth thermometer and the seventh thermometer are respectively connected with a multivariable prediction software module at the input end in the DCS control system, the output end of the DCS control system is connected with a dynamic control module, and the dynamic control module is respectively connected with the variable-frequency grate machine and the metering belt coal feeder.
A control method of an automatic control device for the thickness of a gasification layer of a gas making furnace comprises the following steps:
step one: the coal in the coal bin is conveyed into a coal metering tank through a metering belt coal feeder, the coal in the coal metering tank enters a coal bin lock hopper through an upper coal lock hopper valve, and the coal in the coal bin lock hopper enters a gas making furnace through a lower coal lock hopper valve and a distributor; the method comprises the steps that raw material coal is kept in a certain material layer in a gas making furnace, air and steam are alternately blown into an upper pipeline and a lower first pipeline at high temperature, so that gasifying agent air and steam react with coal to prepare qualified semi-water gas, when the air and the steam are blown into the upper pipeline, the lower first pipeline serves as an outlet of the semi-water gas, and when the air and the steam are blown into the lower first pipeline, the upper pipeline serves as an outlet of the semi-water gas; in the process of preparing semi-water gas, carbon in the coal is consumed, continuous automatic deslagging and continuous coal feeding are required along with the consumption of the carbon in the coal, so that a gasification layer at the upper part of a material layer of the gas making furnace is stabilized in a specific area to achieve material balance and heat balance; when the equipment runs stably, the temperature displayed by the first thermometer is as follows: the second thermometer showed a temperature of 1200 c: the temperature shown by the third thermometer at 1000 ℃ is: the fourth thermometer showed a temperature of 400 c: the fifth thermometer showed a temperature of 110 c: 110 ℃, the sixth thermometer shows a temperature of: 220 ℃, the seventh thermometer shows a temperature of: 240 ℃;
step two: when the thickness of the material layer is normal and the content of the raw material coal ash entering the gas making furnace is increased from 17% to 20%, the temperature displayed by the third thermometer is as follows: 360 ℃ and still have a downward trend, the first thermometer shows a temperature of: at 1250-1280 ℃, the temperature displayed by the second thermometer is: the multi-variable prediction software module receives the data and stores and analyzes the data to judge that the gasification layer moves upwards by 300-330 mm; the multivariable prediction software module monitors a fourth thermometer, a fifth thermometer and a seventh thermometer, analyzes and judges the trend and time of the temperature falling to 90-100 ℃ displayed in the fourth thermometer and the fifth thermometer and the trend and time of the temperature falling to 210-220 ℃ displayed in the seventh thermometer, and feeds the related results and data back to the DCS control system, and the DCS control system controls the variable frequency grate machine and the metering belt coal feeder through the dynamic control module, so that the speed of the variable frequency grate machine is increased by 5%, the slag discharge amount is increased by 1-3%, the rotating speed of the metering belt coal feeder is increased by 20%, and the coal charge amount entering the gas making furnace is increased by 18-20%; thereby the gasification layer is stabilized in a specific area so as to achieve material balance and heat balance and make the equipment stably run;
step three: when the thickness of the material layer is normal and the content of the raw material coal ash entering the gas making furnace is reduced from 17% to 15%, the temperature displayed by the third thermometer is as follows: 450 ℃ and still have an upward trend, the first thermometer shows a temperature of: at 1110-1150 ℃, the second thermometer shows a temperature of: 950-1050 ℃, the multivariate predictive software module receives the data, stores and analyzes the data, and judges that the gasification layer moves downwards by 300-330 mm; the multivariable prediction software module monitors a fourth thermometer, a fifth thermometer and a seventh thermometer, analyzes and judges the trend and time of the temperature rising to 140 ℃ displayed in the fourth thermometer and the fifth thermometer and the trend and time of the temperature rising to 260-270 ℃ displayed in the seventh thermometer, and feeds the related results and data back to the DCS control system, and the DCS control system controls the variable frequency grate machine and the metering belt feeder through the dynamic control module, so that the speed of the variable frequency grate machine is reduced by 5%, the increased slag discharge amount is reduced by 1-3%, the rotating speed of the metering belt feeder is reduced by 20%, and the amount of coal entering the gas making furnace is reduced by 18-20%; thereby the gasification layer is stabilized in a specific area so as to achieve material balance and heat balance and make the equipment stably run.
The automatic control device and the control method for the gasification layer thickness of the gas making furnace are manufactured according to the scheme, wherein the multi-variable control software is adopted for detection, analysis and calculation, and the control of the gasification layer in the furnace is realized by controlling the ash layer thickness and the coal amount of the gas making furnace; the change of the temperature of the gasification layer, the temperature of the ash bin, the temperature of the fire bar and the temperature of the materials of the descending process are taken as correction basis, the change rule and trend of related parameters are analyzed and judged through a multivariable predictive optimization control module, the rotating speeds of the fire bar machine and the coal feeder are automatically adjusted according to the degree that the operation state of the gas making furnace deviates from the optimal operation working condition, and the purpose of stabilizing the furnace condition and improving the economic benefit is achieved by matching with the adjustment of the consumption of the gasifying agent in the upper and lower strokes; the structure of the gas making furnace bottom is optimized, the furnace bottom adopts an air cleaning gear ring and an intermediate vertical shaft bearing positioning protection transmission system, and the furnace bottom is matched with a furnace grate with a layer of high-temperature resistant hard alloy material deposited on the heated surface, so that the gas making furnace has the advantages of large ventilation area, strong slag breaking capacity and prolonged service life.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the various views. For simplicity of the drawing, only the parts relevant to the present invention are schematically shown in each drawing, and they do not represent the actual structure thereof as a product.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention is an automatic control device and a control method for the thickness of a gasification layer of a gas making furnace, the structure part of the automatic control device comprises a gas making furnace 4, a coal bin lock hopper 6 with a distributor 5 is arranged at the top of the gas making furnace 4, a lower coal lock hopper valve 7 is arranged at the top of the coal bin lock hopper 6, one side of the coal bin lock hopper 6 is connected with a coal metering tank 9 through an upper coal lock hopper valve 8, the top of the coal metering tank 9 is connected with a coal bin 11 through a metering belt feeder 10, a material layer 12 is arranged at the middle part of the gas making furnace 4, a furnace bottom plate 13 is arranged at the bottom of the gas making furnace 4, a gear ring 15, an ash tray 16 and a pagoda-shaped grate 17 are sequentially arranged at the upper part of the furnace bottom plate 13, air inlet pipelines are respectively arranged at two sides of the furnace bottom plate 13, the lower part of the air inlet pipelines are respectively connected with a lower part of the air branch pipe 18, the bottom of the air inlet pipeline is respectively connected with a lower part first pipeline 19 and a lower part second pipeline 20, the top part of the air inlet pipeline is provided with the upper part of the material layer 12 in the gas making furnace 4, and the upper part of the gas making furnace 4 is provided with a gasification layer 21; the outer surface of the pagoda-shaped grate 17 is provided with a high-temperature resistant hard alloy material layer 22; the gear ring 15 is connected with a variable frequency grate machine 24 through a vertical bearing 23; the lower part of the material layer 12, the middle part of the material layer 12 and the upper part of the material layer 12 are sequentially provided with a first thermometer 25, a second thermometer 26 and a third thermometer 27, the left and right sides of the lower part of the gas making furnace 4 are provided with a left ash bin and a right ash bin, the left ash bin is provided with a fourth thermometer 28, the right ash bin is provided with a fifth thermometer 29, a sixth thermometer 30 is arranged between the second layer and the third layer of the pagoda-shaped fire grate 17, and the lower part second pipeline 20 is provided with a seventh thermometer 14. The first thermometer 25, the second thermometer 26, the third thermometer 27, the fourth thermometer 28, the fifth thermometer 29, the sixth thermometer 30 and the seventh thermometer 14 are respectively connected with the multivariable predictive software module 2 at the input end of the DCS control system 1, the output end of the DCS control system 1 is connected with the dynamic control module 3, and the dynamic control module 3 is respectively connected with the variable frequency grate machine 24 and the metering belt coal feeder 10.
A control method of an automatic control device for the thickness of a gasification layer of a gas making furnace comprises the following steps:
step one: the coal in the coal bin 11 is conveyed into the coal metering tank 9 through the metering belt feeder 10, the coal in the coal metering tank 9 enters the coal bin lock hopper 6 through the upper coal lock hopper valve 8, and the coal in the coal bin lock hopper 6 enters the gas making furnace 4 through the lower coal lock hopper valve 7 and the distributor 5; the raw material coal is kept in a certain material layer 12 in the gas making furnace 4, at high temperature, air and steam are alternately blown into the upper pipeline 21 and the lower first pipeline 19, so that gasifying agent air and steam and coal are subjected to chemical reaction to prepare qualified semi-water gas, when the air and the steam are blown into the upper pipeline 21, the lower first pipeline 19 serves as an outlet of the semi-water gas, and when the air and the steam are blown into the lower first pipeline 19, the upper pipeline 21 serves as an outlet of the semi-water gas; in the process of preparing semi-water gas, carbon in the coal is consumed, continuous automatic deslagging and continuous coal feeding are required along with the consumption of the carbon in the coal, so that a gasification layer at the upper part of a material layer 12 of the gas making furnace 4 is stabilized in a specific area to achieve material balance and heat balance; when the above apparatus is operating smoothly, the first thermometer 25 displays a temperature of: the second thermometer 26 displays a temperature of 1200 c: the temperature shown by the third thermometer 27 is 1000 c: the fourth thermometer 28 shows a temperature of 400 c: the fifth thermometer 29 displays a temperature of 110 c: the sixth thermometer 30 shows a temperature of 110 c: 220 ℃, the seventh thermometer 14 displays a temperature of: 240 ℃;
step two: when the thickness of the layer 12 is normal and the raw material coal ash content entering the gasifier 4 increases from 17% to 20%, the temperature displayed by the third thermometer 27 is: 360 ℃ and still have a decreasing trend, the first thermometer 25 displays a temperature of: at 1250-1280 ℃, the second thermometer 26 displays a temperature of: the multi-variable prediction software module 2 receives the data and stores and analyzes the data to judge that the gasification layer moves upwards by 300-330 mm; at this time, the multivariable predictive software module 2 monitors the fourth thermometer 28, the fifth thermometer 29 and the seventh thermometer 14, analyzes and judges the trend and time of the temperature falling to 90-100 ℃ displayed in the fourth thermometer 28 and the fifth thermometer 29 and the trend and time of the temperature falling to 210-220 ℃ displayed in the seventh thermometer 14, and feeds back the relevant results and data to the DCS control system 1, and the DCS control system 1 controls the variable frequency grate machine 24 and the metering belt coal feeder 10 through the dynamic control module 3, so that the speed of the variable frequency grate machine 24 is increased by 5%, the slag discharge amount is increased by 1-3%, the rotating speed of the metering belt coal feeder 10 is increased by 20%, and the coal feeding amount entering the gas making furnace 4 is increased by 18-20%; thereby the gasification layer is stabilized in a specific area so as to achieve material balance and heat balance and make the equipment stably run;
step three: when the thickness of the layer 12 is normal and the raw material coal ash content entering the gas making furnace 4 is reduced from 17% to 15%, the temperature displayed by the third thermometer 27 is: 450 ℃ and still have an upward trend, the first thermometer 25 displays a temperature of: at 1110-1150 ℃, the second thermometer 26 displays a temperature of: 950-1050 ℃, the multivariate predictive software module 2 receives the data and stores and analyzes the data to judge that the gasification layer moves downwards by 300-330 mm; at this time, the multivariable predictive software module 2 monitors the fourth thermometer 28, the fifth thermometer 29 and the seventh thermometer 14, analyzes and judges the trend and time of the temperature rising to 140 ℃ displayed in the fourth thermometer 28 and the fifth thermometer 29 and the trend and time of the temperature rising to 260-270 ℃ displayed in the seventh thermometer 14, and feeds the relevant results and data back to the DCS control system 1, and the DCS control system 1 controls the variable frequency grate 24 and the metering belt coal feeder 10 through the dynamic control module 3, so that the speed of the variable frequency grate 24 is reduced by 5%, thereby reducing the increased slag discharge by 1-3%, reducing the rotational speed of the metering belt coal feeder 10 by 20%, and reducing the amount of the coal charged into the gas making furnace 4 by 18-20%; thereby the gasification layer is stabilized in a specific area so as to achieve material balance and heat balance and make the equipment stably run.
The invention can automatically control the gasification layer to position and stabilize the furnace condition and increase the effective gas yield, and in addition, the service life of the equipment is prolonged by optimizing the furnace bottom structure; specifically, the invention can automatically adjust the position of the gasification layer of the gas making furnace according to the degree of deviation of the operation state of the gas making furnace from the optimal operation condition, ensure the stability of the gasification layer in the furnace, fully utilize the higher carbon layer temperature in the furnace and adjust the upward and downward gas of the gas making furnaceThe amount of the chemical agent is slightly increased (namely, the amount of the upper blowing steam is slightly increased, the upper blowing air time is properly increased, the amount of the lower blowing steam is reduced, and the lower blowing air time is shortened). The ash discharge amount of the uplink dust collector is obviously reduced, and the single furnace gas yield is 6600Nm 3 The/h is increased to 6800Nm 3 And/h, the gas yield of the single furnace after transformation is increased by 3%, and the economic benefit is obviously improved. In addition, the service cycle of the existing furnace bottom assembly is six years, during which the furnace is required to be pulled for maintenance for 3 times, and the parts which are mainly replaced once for overhaul are an ash tray assembly and a furnace grate. The ash tray used at present is not provided with any positioning device, when the ash tray rotates, the steel ball swings left and right in the slideway, and when the diameter of the steel ball is small or ash is deposited in the slideway, the ash tray is easy to deviate. The large gear ring is water-washed, and the corrosion of furnace bottom parts is easy to cause due to water quality. The thickness of the ash tray is generally about 25mm, and is usually replaced for 18 months. The steel ball slideway is high in sealing difficulty, ash is easy to accumulate in the slideway, so that the load of the furnace bar machine is increased, and the service life of the furnace bar machine is shortened; the invention optimizes the cleaning mode of the gear ring, reduces the corrosion of the water for cleaning the gear ring to the furnace bottom, adopts a more advanced positioning method and a sealing mode to protect a transmission system, adopts a new material splice welding composition for the ash tray, prolongs the service life, and can reach 6 years; the matched grate adopts high and new wear-resistant materials, and the wear-resistant treatment is carried out on the heated surface of the grate, so that the maintenance strength and the overall cost are reduced.
The specific bill furnace economic analysis is as follows: the original furnace bottom assembly (about 62393 yuan) has a service cycle of six years, 3 times of furnace pulling maintenance are needed during the service cycle, and the parts which are mainly replaced once are mainly overhauled are an ash tray assembly (about 24529 yuan) and a furnace grate (about 24786 yuan). The total cost for six years is: original installation total cost (62393+24786 yuan) +ash tray assembly replacement cost (24529 yuan 3) +grate replacement cost (24786 yuan 3) = 235124 yuan; the invention relates to a furnace bottom: the furnace bottom assembly (about 100000 yuan) is calculated according to the service cycle of 6 years, and only 1 grate is needed to be replaced in the service cycle. The total cost for six years is: original installation total cost (100000 yuan +50000 yuan) +grate replacement cost (50000 yuan) =200000 yuan; as can be seen from the comparison of the cost analysis, the furnace bottom of the invention directly saves the maintenance cost by about 35124 yuan in six years compared with the prior furnace bottom, greatly reduces the labor intensity of maintenance workers, and has obvious benefit in stabilizing the long-period operation of the process.
The invention will now be further described in connection with specific embodiments for a clearer explanation thereof. Specific examples are as follows:
example 1
A control method of an automatic control device for the thickness of a gasification layer of a gas making furnace comprises the following steps:
step one: the coal in the coal bin 11 is conveyed into the coal metering tank 9 through the metering belt feeder 10, the coal in the coal metering tank 9 enters the coal bin lock hopper 6 through the upper coal lock hopper valve 8, and the coal in the coal bin lock hopper 6 enters the gas making furnace 4 through the lower coal lock hopper valve 7 and the distributor 5; the raw material coal is kept in a certain material layer 12 in the gas making furnace 4, at high temperature, air and steam are alternately blown into the upper pipeline 21 and the lower first pipeline 19, so that gasifying agent air and steam and coal are subjected to chemical reaction to prepare qualified semi-water gas, when the air and the steam are blown into the upper pipeline 21, the lower first pipeline 19 serves as an outlet of the semi-water gas, and when the air and the steam are blown into the lower first pipeline 19, the upper pipeline 21 serves as an outlet of the semi-water gas; in the process of preparing semi-water gas, carbon in the coal is consumed, continuous automatic deslagging and continuous coal feeding are required along with the consumption of the carbon in the coal, so that a gasification layer at the upper part of a material layer 12 of the gas making furnace 4 is stabilized in a specific area to achieve material balance and heat balance; when the above apparatus is operating smoothly, the first thermometer 25 displays a temperature of: the second thermometer 26 displays a temperature of 1200 c: the temperature shown by the third thermometer 27 is 1000 c: the fourth thermometer 28 shows a temperature of 400 c: the fifth thermometer 29 displays a temperature of 110 c: the sixth thermometer 30 shows a temperature of 110 c: 220 ℃, the seventh thermometer 14 displays a temperature of: 240 ℃;
step two: when the thickness of the layer 12 is normal and the raw material coal ash content entering the gasifier 4 increases from 17% to 20%, the temperature displayed by the third thermometer 27 is: 360 ℃ and still have a decreasing trend, the first thermometer 25 displays a temperature of: at 1250 ℃, the second thermometer 26 displays a temperature of: the multi-variable prediction software module 2 receives the data and stores and analyzes the data to judge that the gasification layer moves upwards by 330mm; at this time, the multivariable predictive software module 2 monitors the fourth thermometer 28, the fifth thermometer 29 and the seventh thermometer 14, analyzes and judges the trend and time of the temperature falling to 90 ℃ displayed in the fourth thermometer 28 and the fifth thermometer 29 and the trend and time of the temperature falling to 210 ℃ displayed in the seventh thermometer 14, and feeds back the relevant results and data to the DCS control system 1, and the DCS control system 1 controls the variable frequency grate machine 24 and the metering belt coal feeder 10 through the dynamic control module 3, so that the speed of the variable frequency grate machine 24 is increased by 5%, the slag discharge amount is increased by 3%, the rotational speed of the metering belt coal feeder 10 is increased by 20%, and the amount of coal entering the gas making furnace 4 is increased by 20%; thereby the gasification layer is stabilized in a specific area so as to achieve material balance and heat balance and make the equipment stably run.
Example two
A control method of an automatic control device for the thickness of a gasification layer of a gas making furnace comprises the following steps:
step one: the coal in the coal bin 11 is conveyed into the coal metering tank 9 through the metering belt feeder 10, the coal in the coal metering tank 9 enters the coal bin lock hopper 6 through the upper coal lock hopper valve 8, and the coal in the coal bin lock hopper 6 enters the gas making furnace 4 through the lower coal lock hopper valve 7 and the distributor 5; the raw material coal is kept in a certain material layer 12 in the gas making furnace 4, at high temperature, air and steam are alternately blown into the upper pipeline 21 and the lower first pipeline 19, so that gasifying agent air and steam and coal are subjected to chemical reaction to prepare qualified semi-water gas, when the air and the steam are blown into the upper pipeline 21, the lower first pipeline 19 serves as an outlet of the semi-water gas, and when the air and the steam are blown into the lower first pipeline 19, the upper pipeline 21 serves as an outlet of the semi-water gas; in the process of preparing semi-water gas, carbon in the coal is consumed, continuous automatic deslagging and continuous coal feeding are required along with the consumption of the carbon in the coal, so that a gasification layer at the upper part of a material layer 12 of the gas making furnace 4 is stabilized in a specific area to achieve material balance and heat balance; when the above apparatus is operating smoothly, the first thermometer 25 displays a temperature of: the second thermometer 26 displays a temperature of 1200 c: the temperature shown by the third thermometer 27 is 1000 c: the fourth thermometer 28 shows a temperature of 400 c: the fifth thermometer 29 displays a temperature of 110 c: the sixth thermometer 30 shows a temperature of 110 c: 220 ℃, the seventh thermometer 14 displays a temperature of: 240 ℃;
step two: when the thickness of the layer 12 is normal and the raw material coal ash content entering the gasifier 4 increases from 17% to 20%, the temperature displayed by the third thermometer 27 is: 360 ℃ and still have a decreasing trend, the first thermometer 25 displays a temperature of: at 1280 ℃, the second thermometer 26 displays a temperature of: the multi-variable prediction software module 2 receives the data and stores and analyzes the data to judge that the gasification layer moves upwards by 300mm; at this time, the multivariable predictive software module 2 monitors the fourth thermometer 28, the fifth thermometer 29 and the seventh thermometer 14, analyzes and judges the trend and time of the temperature falling to 100 ℃ displayed in the fourth thermometer 28 and the fifth thermometer 29 and the trend and time of the temperature falling to 220 ℃ displayed in the seventh thermometer 14, and feeds back the relevant results and data to the DCS control system 1, and the DCS control system 1 controls the variable frequency grate machine 24 and the metering belt coal feeder 10 through the dynamic control module 3, so that the speed of the variable frequency grate machine 24 is increased by 5%, thereby increasing the slag discharge amount by 1%, and increasing the rotation speed of the metering belt coal feeder 10 by 20%, and increasing the amount of coal entering the gas making furnace 4 by 18%; thereby the gasification layer is stabilized in a specific area so as to achieve material balance and heat balance and make the equipment stably run.
Example III
A control method of an automatic control device for the thickness of a gasification layer of a gas making furnace comprises the following steps:
step one: the coal in the coal bin 11 is conveyed into the coal metering tank 9 through the metering belt feeder 10, the coal in the coal metering tank 9 enters the coal bin lock hopper 6 through the upper coal lock hopper valve 8, and the coal in the coal bin lock hopper 6 enters the gas making furnace 4 through the lower coal lock hopper valve 7 and the distributor 5; the raw material coal is kept in a certain material layer 12 in the gas making furnace 4, at high temperature, air and steam are alternately blown into the upper pipeline 21 and the lower first pipeline 19, so that gasifying agent air and steam and coal are subjected to chemical reaction to prepare qualified semi-water gas, when the air and the steam are blown into the upper pipeline 21, the lower first pipeline 19 serves as an outlet of the semi-water gas, and when the air and the steam are blown into the lower first pipeline 19, the upper pipeline 21 serves as an outlet of the semi-water gas; in the process of preparing semi-water gas, carbon in the coal is consumed, continuous automatic deslagging and continuous coal feeding are required along with the consumption of the carbon in the coal, so that a gasification layer at the upper part of a material layer 12 of the gas making furnace 4 is stabilized in a specific area to achieve material balance and heat balance; when the above apparatus is operating smoothly, the first thermometer 25 displays a temperature of: the second thermometer 26 displays a temperature of 1200 c: the temperature shown by the third thermometer 27 is 1000 c: the fourth thermometer 28 shows a temperature of 400 c: the fifth thermometer 29 displays a temperature of 110 c: the sixth thermometer 30 shows a temperature of 110 c: 220 ℃, the seventh thermometer 14 displays a temperature of: 240 ℃;
step two: when the thickness of the layer 12 is normal and the raw material coal ash content entering the gasifier 4 increases from 17% to 20%, the temperature displayed by the third thermometer 27 is: 360 ℃ and still have a decreasing trend, the first thermometer 25 displays a temperature of: at 1265 ℃, the second thermometer 26 displays a temperature of: 1125 ℃, the multivariable predictive software module 2 receives the data, stores and analyzes the data, and judges that the gasification layer moves upwards by 315mm; at this time, the multivariable predictive software module 2 monitors the fourth thermometer 28, the fifth thermometer 29 and the seventh thermometer 14, analyzes and judges the trend and time of the temperature falling to 95 ℃ displayed in the fourth thermometer 28 and the fifth thermometer 29 and the trend and time of the temperature falling to 215 ℃ displayed in the seventh thermometer 14, and feeds back the relevant results and data to the DCS control system 1, and the DCS control system 1 controls the variable frequency grate machine 24 and the metering belt coal feeder 10 through the dynamic control module 3, so that the speed of the variable frequency grate machine 24 is increased by 5%, the slag amount is increased by 2%, the rotational speed of the metering belt coal feeder 10 is increased by 20%, and the amount of coal entering the gas making furnace 4 is increased by 19%; thereby the gasification layer is stabilized in a specific area so as to achieve material balance and heat balance and make the equipment stably run.
Example IV
A control method of an automatic control device for the thickness of a gasification layer of a gas making furnace comprises the following steps:
step one: the coal in the coal bin 11 is conveyed into the coal metering tank 9 through the metering belt feeder 10, the coal in the coal metering tank 9 enters the coal bin lock hopper 6 through the upper coal lock hopper valve 8, and the coal in the coal bin lock hopper 6 enters the gas making furnace 4 through the lower coal lock hopper valve 7 and the distributor 5; the raw material coal is kept in a certain material layer 12 in the gas making furnace 4, at high temperature, air and steam are alternately blown into the upper pipeline 21 and the lower first pipeline 19, so that gasifying agent air and steam and coal are subjected to chemical reaction to prepare qualified semi-water gas, when the air and the steam are blown into the upper pipeline 21, the lower first pipeline 19 serves as an outlet of the semi-water gas, and when the air and the steam are blown into the lower first pipeline 19, the upper pipeline 21 serves as an outlet of the semi-water gas; in the process of preparing semi-water gas, carbon in the coal is consumed, continuous automatic deslagging and continuous coal feeding are required along with the consumption of the carbon in the coal, so that a gasification layer at the upper part of a material layer 12 of the gas making furnace 4 is stabilized in a specific area to achieve material balance and heat balance; when the above apparatus is operating smoothly, the first thermometer 25 displays a temperature of: the second thermometer 26 displays a temperature of 1200 c: the temperature shown by the third thermometer 27 is 1000 c: the fourth thermometer 28 shows a temperature of 400 c: the fifth thermometer 29 displays a temperature of 110 c: the sixth thermometer 30 shows a temperature of 110 c: 220 ℃, the seventh thermometer 14 displays a temperature of: 240 ℃;
step two: when the thickness of the layer 12 is normal and the raw material coal ash content entering the gas making furnace 4 is reduced from 17% to 15%, the temperature displayed by the third thermometer 27 is: 450 ℃ and still have an upward trend, the first thermometer 25 displays a temperature of: at 1110 ℃, the second thermometer 26 displays a temperature of: the multivariate predictive software module 2 receives the data and stores and analyzes the data to judge that the gasification layer moves downwards by 330mm at 950 ℃; at this time, the multivariable predictive software module 2 monitors the fourth thermometer 28, the fifth thermometer 29 and the seventh thermometer 14, analyzes and judges the trend and time of the temperature rise to 140 ℃ displayed in the fourth thermometer 28 and the fifth thermometer 29 and the trend and time of the temperature rise to 260 ℃ displayed in the seventh thermometer 14, and feeds back the relevant results and data to the DCS control system 1, and the DCS control system 1 controls the variable frequency grate 24 and the metering belt coal feeder 10 through the dynamic control module 3, so that the speed of the variable frequency grate 24 is reduced by 5%, the increased slag discharge amount is reduced by 3%, the rotational speed of the metering belt coal feeder 10 is reduced by 20%, and the amount of coal charged into the gas making furnace 4 is reduced by 20%; thereby the gasification layer is stabilized in a specific area so as to achieve material balance and heat balance and make the equipment stably run.
Example five
A control method of an automatic control device for the thickness of a gasification layer of a gas making furnace comprises the following steps:
step one: the coal in the coal bin 11 is conveyed into the coal metering tank 9 through the metering belt feeder 10, the coal in the coal metering tank 9 enters the coal bin lock hopper 6 through the upper coal lock hopper valve 8, and the coal in the coal bin lock hopper 6 enters the gas making furnace 4 through the lower coal lock hopper valve 7 and the distributor 5; the raw material coal is kept in a certain material layer 12 in the gas making furnace 4, at high temperature, air and steam are alternately blown into the upper pipeline 21 and the lower first pipeline 19, so that gasifying agent air and steam and coal are subjected to chemical reaction to prepare qualified semi-water gas, when the air and the steam are blown into the upper pipeline 21, the lower first pipeline 19 serves as an outlet of the semi-water gas, and when the air and the steam are blown into the lower first pipeline 19, the upper pipeline 21 serves as an outlet of the semi-water gas; in the process of preparing semi-water gas, carbon in the coal is consumed, continuous automatic deslagging and continuous coal feeding are required along with the consumption of the carbon in the coal, so that a gasification layer at the upper part of a material layer 12 of the gas making furnace 4 is stabilized in a specific area to achieve material balance and heat balance; when the above apparatus is operating smoothly, the first thermometer 25 displays a temperature of: the second thermometer 26 displays a temperature of 1200 c: the temperature shown by the third thermometer 27 is 1000 c: the fourth thermometer 28 shows a temperature of 400 c: the fifth thermometer 29 displays a temperature of 110 c: the sixth thermometer 30 shows a temperature of 110 c: 220 ℃, the seventh thermometer 14 displays a temperature of: 240 ℃;
step two: when the thickness of the layer 12 is normal and the raw material coal ash content entering the gas making furnace 4 is reduced from 17% to 15%, the temperature displayed by the third thermometer 27 is: 450 ℃ and still have an upward trend, the first thermometer 25 displays a temperature of: at 1150 ℃, the second thermometer 26 displays a temperature of: the multivariable predictive software module 2 receives the data and stores and analyzes the data to judge that the gasification layer moves downwards by 300mm at 1050 ℃; at this time, the multivariable predictive software module 2 monitors the fourth thermometer 28, the fifth thermometer 29 and the seventh thermometer 14, analyzes and judges the trend and time of the temperature rise to 140 ℃ displayed in the fourth thermometer 28 and the fifth thermometer 29 and the trend and time of the temperature rise to 260 ℃ displayed in the seventh thermometer 14, and feeds back the relevant results and data to the DCS control system 1, and the DCS control system 1 controls the variable frequency grate machine 24 and the metering belt coal feeder 10 through the dynamic control module 3, so that the speed of the variable frequency grate machine 24 is reduced by 5%, thereby reducing the increased slag discharge amount by 1%, reducing the rotational speed of the metering belt coal feeder 10 by 20%, and reducing the amount of coal charged into the gas making furnace 4 by 18%; thereby the gasification layer is stabilized in a specific area so as to achieve material balance and heat balance and make the equipment stably run.
Example six
A control method of an automatic control device for the thickness of a gasification layer of a gas making furnace comprises the following steps:
step one: the coal in the coal bin 11 is conveyed into the coal metering tank 9 through the metering belt feeder 10, the coal in the coal metering tank 9 enters the coal bin lock hopper 6 through the upper coal lock hopper valve 8, and the coal in the coal bin lock hopper 6 enters the gas making furnace 4 through the lower coal lock hopper valve 7 and the distributor 5; the raw material coal is kept in a certain material layer 12 in the gas making furnace 4, at high temperature, air and steam are alternately blown into the upper pipeline 21 and the lower first pipeline 19, so that gasifying agent air and steam and coal are subjected to chemical reaction to prepare qualified semi-water gas, when the air and the steam are blown into the upper pipeline 21, the lower first pipeline 19 serves as an outlet of the semi-water gas, and when the air and the steam are blown into the lower first pipeline 19, the upper pipeline 21 serves as an outlet of the semi-water gas; in the process of preparing semi-water gas, carbon in the coal is consumed, continuous automatic deslagging and continuous coal feeding are required along with the consumption of the carbon in the coal, so that a gasification layer at the upper part of a material layer 12 of the gas making furnace 4 is stabilized in a specific area to achieve material balance and heat balance; when the above apparatus is operating smoothly, the first thermometer 25 displays a temperature of: the second thermometer 26 displays a temperature of 1200 c: the temperature shown by the third thermometer 27 is 1000 c: the fourth thermometer 28 shows a temperature of 400 c: the fifth thermometer 29 displays a temperature of 110 c: the sixth thermometer 30 shows a temperature of 110 c: 220 ℃, the seventh thermometer 14 displays a temperature of: 240 ℃;
step two: when the thickness of the layer 12 is normal and the raw material coal ash content entering the gas making furnace 4 is reduced from 17% to 15%, the temperature displayed by the third thermometer 27 is: 450 ℃ and still have an upward trend, the first thermometer 25 displays a temperature of: at 1130 ℃, the second thermometer 26 displays a temperature of: the multivariable predictive software module 2 receives the data and stores and analyzes the data to judge that the gasification layer moves downwards by 315mm at 1000 ℃; at this time, the multivariable predictive software module 2 monitors the fourth thermometer 28, the fifth thermometer 29 and the seventh thermometer 14, analyzes and judges the trend and time of the temperature rise to 140 ℃ displayed in the fourth thermometer 28 and the fifth thermometer 29 and the trend and time of the temperature rise to 265 ℃ displayed in the seventh thermometer 14, and feeds back the relevant results and data to the DCS control system 1, and the DCS control system 1 controls the variable frequency grate machine 24 and the metering belt coal feeder 10 through the dynamic control module 3, so that the speed of the variable frequency grate machine 24 is reduced by 5%, the slag amount is increased by 2%, the rotational speed of the metering belt coal feeder 10 is reduced by 20%, and the amount of coal entering the gas making furnace 4 is reduced by 19%; thereby the gasification layer is stabilized in a specific area so as to achieve material balance and heat balance and make the equipment stably run.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "end," "inner wall," "front end," etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "provided with," "mounted to," "connected to," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, integrally connected, or detachably connected; or the communication between the two components is also possible; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances. Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments are only intended to illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail by means of the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides an automatic control device of gas making stove gasification layer thickness, includes gas making stove (4), the top of gas making stove (4) is equipped with coal bunker lock fill (6) of taking distributing device (5), the top of coal bunker lock fill (6) is equipped with down coal lock fill valve (7), one side of coal bunker lock fill (6) links to each other with coal metering tank (9) through last coal lock fill valve (8), the top of coal metering tank (9) links to each other with coal bunker (11) through metering belt feeder (10), its characterized in that: the middle part of the gas making furnace (4) is provided with a material layer (12), the bottom of the gas making furnace (4) is provided with a furnace bottom plate (13), the upper part of the furnace bottom plate (13) is sequentially provided with a gear ring (15), an ash tray (16) and a pagoda-type grate (17), the middle part of the furnace bottom plate (13) is provided with an air inlet pipeline, two sides of the air inlet pipeline are respectively provided with an air branch pipe (18) connected with the furnace bottom plate (13), the lower part of the air inlet pipeline is communicated with the lower part of the air branch pipe (18), the bottom of the air inlet pipeline is respectively connected with a lower first pipeline (19) and a lower second pipeline (20), the upper part of the material layer (12) in the gas making furnace (4) is a gasification layer, and the top of the gas making furnace (4) is provided with an upper pipeline (21); the outer surface of the pagoda-shaped grate (17) is provided with a high-temperature resistant hard alloy material layer (22); the gear ring (15) is connected with a variable-frequency furnace bar machine (24) through a vertical bearing (23);
the lower part of the material layer (12), the middle part of the material layer (12) and the upper part of the material layer (12) are sequentially provided with a first thermometer (25), a second thermometer (26) and a third thermometer (27), the left side and the right side of the lower part of the gas making furnace (4) are provided with a left ash bin and a right ash bin, the left ash bin is provided with a fourth thermometer (28), the right ash bin is provided with a fifth thermometer (29), a sixth thermometer (30) is arranged between the second layer and the third layer of the pagoda-shaped grate (17), and the lower part of the second pipeline (20) is provided with a seventh thermometer (14);
the first thermometer (25), the second thermometer (26), the third thermometer (27), the fourth thermometer (28), the fifth thermometer (29), the sixth thermometer (30) and the seventh thermometer (14) are respectively connected with a multivariable prediction software module (2) at the input end in the DCS control system (1), the output end of the DCS control system (1) is connected with a dynamic control module (3), and the dynamic control module (3) is respectively connected with a variable-frequency grate machine (24) and a metering belt coal feeder (10).
2. A control method of an automatic control device for the thickness of a gasification layer of a gas making furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one: the coal in the coal bin (11) is conveyed into a coal metering tank (9) through a metering belt coal feeder (10), the coal in the coal metering tank (9) enters a coal bin lock hopper (6) through an upper coal lock hopper valve (8), and the coal in the coal bin lock hopper (6) enters a gas making furnace (4) through a lower coal lock hopper valve (7) and a distributing device (5); the raw material coal is kept in a certain material layer (12) in the gas making furnace (4), at high temperature, air and steam are alternately blown into an upper pipeline (21) and a lower first pipeline (19), so that gasifying agent air and steam are subjected to chemical reaction with coal to prepare qualified semi-water gas, when the air and the steam are blown into the upper pipeline (21), the lower first pipeline (19) is used as an outlet of the semi-water gas, and when the air and the steam are blown into the lower first pipeline (19), the upper pipeline (21) is used as an outlet of the semi-water gas; in the process of preparing semi-water gas, carbon in the coal is consumed, continuous automatic deslagging and continuous coal feeding are required along with the consumption of the carbon in the coal, and a gasification layer at the upper part of a material layer (12) of a gas making furnace (4) is stabilized in a specific area so as to achieve material balance and heat balance; when the device operates stably, the temperature displayed by the first thermometer (25) is as follows: the second thermometer (26) shows a temperature of 1200 ℃ as follows: the third thermometer (27) showed a temperature of 1000 c: the fourth thermometer (28) shows a temperature of 400℃: the fifth thermometer (29) shows a temperature of 110 c: the sixth thermometer (30) shows a temperature of 110 c: 220 ℃, the temperature displayed by the seventh thermometer (14) is: 240 ℃;
step two: when the thickness of the material layer (12) is normal and the content of raw material gas ash entering the gas making furnace (4) is increased from 17% to 20%, the temperature displayed by the third thermometer (27) is as follows: 360 ℃ and still has a decreasing trend, the first thermometer (25) shows a temperature of: at 1250-1280 ℃, the temperature displayed by the second thermometer (26) is: the multi-variable prediction software module (2) receives the data and stores and analyzes the data to judge that the gasification layer moves upwards by 300-330 mm; at the moment, the multivariable prediction software module (2) monitors a fourth thermometer (28), a fifth thermometer (29) and a seventh thermometer (14), the trend and time of the temperature falling to 90-100 ℃ are displayed in the fourth thermometer (28) and the fifth thermometer (29), the trend and time of the temperature falling to 210-220 ℃ are displayed in the seventh thermometer (14), analysis and judgment are carried out, the related results and data are fed back to the DCS control system (1), the DCS control system (1) controls the variable frequency grate bar machine (24) and the metering belt coal feeder (10) through the dynamic control module (3), the speed of the variable frequency grate bar machine (24) is increased by 5%, the slag discharge increasing amount is increased by 1-3%, the rotating speed of the metering belt coal feeder (10) is increased by 20%, and the amount of coal entering the gas making furnace (4) is increased by 18-20%; thereby the gasification layer is stabilized in a specific area so as to achieve material balance and heat balance and make the equipment stably run;
step three: when the thickness of the material layer (12) is normal and the content of raw material gas ash entering the gas making furnace (4) is reduced from 17% to 15%, the temperature displayed by the third thermometer (27) is as follows: 450 ℃ and still has an increasing tendency, the first thermometer (25) shows a temperature of: at 1110-1150 ℃, the second thermometer (26) displays a temperature of: 950-1050 ℃, the multivariate predictive software module (2) receives the data, stores and analyzes the data, and judges that the gasification layer moves downwards by 300-330 mm; at the moment, the multivariable prediction software module (2) monitors a fourth thermometer (28), a fifth thermometer (29) and a seventh thermometer (14), the trend and time of the temperature rise to 140 ℃ are displayed in the fourth thermometer (28) and the fifth thermometer (29), the trend and time of the temperature rise to 260-270 ℃ are displayed in the seventh thermometer (14), the analysis and judgment are carried out, the related results and data are fed back into the DCS control system (1), the DCS control system (1) controls the variable frequency grate bar machine (24) and the metering belt feeder (10) through the dynamic control module (3), the speed of the variable frequency grate bar machine (24) is reduced by 5%, the increased slag discharge amount is reduced by 1-3%, the rotating speed of the metering belt feeder (10) is reduced by 20%, and the amount of coal entering the gas making furnace (4) is reduced by 18-20%; thereby the gasification layer is stabilized in a specific area so as to achieve material balance and heat balance and make the equipment stably run.
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| CN204874422U (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-12-16 | 河南心连心化肥有限公司 | Gas making of ordinary pressure fixed bed for stove gas vapour compare automatically regulated controlling means |
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| CN204874422U (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-12-16 | 河南心连心化肥有限公司 | Gas making of ordinary pressure fixed bed for stove gas vapour compare automatically regulated controlling means |
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