CN108219499B - Preparation method of wood fiber for optimizing preparation process of wood-plastic composite material - Google Patents
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- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229920001587 Wood-plastic composite Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000011155 wood-plastic composite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- -1 polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 34
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009881 electrostatic interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 40
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 40
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 36
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001911 maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002064 nanoplatelet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08H8/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of wood fiber for optimizing a preparation process of a wood-plastic composite material. The method comprises the steps of respectively attaching polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate solution and graphite oxide micro-sheets to the surface of wood fiber through electrostatic interaction, and controlling the reaction process by adjusting the pH value and the temperature of the reaction to realize the preparation of the product. The wood fiber prepared by the method has a good lubricating effect, has a small friction effect with a machine barrel and a rotor or a screw, has less heat release by friction, is not easy to coke in the processing process of the wood-plastic composite material, has enhanced heat resistance, and meets the use requirement of the wood-plastic composite material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of natural wood fiber modification, and relates to a wood fiber preparation method for optimizing a wood-plastic composite material preparation process.
Technical Field
The wood-plastic composite material is a bio-based material prepared by melting and blending plastic and plant fiber or wood powder, and then carrying out extrusion, mould pressing, injection molding and other molding methods. Because of the advantages of resource of raw materials, environmental protection, reproducibility, higher specific strength, marketization, product plasticity and the like, the wood-plastic composite material is increasingly and widely applied to important fields such as building materials, automobiles, household appliances and the like. The wood-plastic composite material not only effectively relieves the resource problem of wood shortage in China, but also becomes an important way for solving the environmental problems of white pollution and the like caused by wide use of plastics in the world. Therefore, the wood-plastic composite material has great application value and prospect, particularly, in recent years, the annual average growth rate of the demand exceeds 20 percent, and the demand is increasingly increased in the fields of building materials, automobile industry and the like. However, various technical problems in the processing process still need to be solved, for example, in the process of wood-plastic extruded section, the extrusion is often unstable, and the defective rate and the rejection rate are high; the wood fiber is unevenly distributed in the wood-plastic composite material, and the processing equipment of the wood-plastic composite material has higher loss.
The wood fiber is a fibrous substance extracted from the processing residual substances of bamboo wood or other natural materials; the source is wide, the price is low, the environment is friendly, and the method is widely used for producing various wood-plastic composite materials. However, in the process of processing wood fiber and polymer materials into wood-plastic composite materials, especially when a large amount of various wood-plastic profiles are rapidly extruded in an extrusion processing mode, poor interfacial adhesion between wood fiber and plastic can cause uneven distribution of two phases in the extruded products, thereby affecting the quality of the products. In this case, if a large amount of interfacial compatibilizer is added to the formulation, the effect is also very limited, and the production cost of the product is greatly increased. . In addition, the wood fiber with a large amount of hydroxyl groups on the surface can form hydrogen bonds, which can cause the viscosity of the melt to increase and the fluidity to decrease during processing.
Due to the fact that the thermal conductivity of the wood fiber and the plastic is poor, when the wood fiber and the inner wall of the screw or the inner wall of the machine barrel are subjected to local friction heat release, or the temperature is slightly high and the retention time is too long, the wood fiber has the phenomenon of local coking, and finally the prepared wood-plastic composite material is subjected to local blackening.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a preparation method of wood fiber for optimizing a preparation process of a wood-plastic composite material.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem comprises the following steps:
according to the invention, the graphene oxide micro-sheets and the polyelectrolyte are self-assembled layer by layer through electrostatic interaction, and the graphene oxide micro-sheets are loaded on the surface layer of the wood fiber. Due to the lubricating effect of the graphene microchip, the friction between the wood fiber and the screw and the inner wall of the machine barrel can be greatly reduced; the graphene nanoplatelets can effectively improve the heat resistance of the wood fibers, so that the phenomenon of local coking in the processing process is effectively prevented.
The wood fiber prepared by the method can effectively improve the fluidity of the melt of the wood-plastic composite material, reduce the friction between the melt and a machine barrel and a rotor or a screw, reduce the friction heat release, ensure that the wood fiber is not easy to be coked in the processing process of the wood-plastic composite material, strengthen the heat resistance of the wood fiber, and meet the use requirement of the wood-plastic composite material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the wood fiber prepared by the invention can be naturally degraded in the environment and is an environment-friendly material.
(2) In the process of preparing the wood fiber, a water-based reaction system is adopted, the reaction reagent is green and environment-friendly, and the reaction process is rapid and efficient;
(3) the wood fiber prepared by the method can effectively improve the fluidity of the melt in the process of processing the wood-plastic composite material, and reduce the friction between the melt and a machine barrel and a rotor or a screw;
(4) the heat resistance of the wood fiber prepared by the invention is enhanced, the phenomenon of local coking is not easy to occur, and a wood-plastic product with higher quality is produced.
Drawings
FIG. 1(a) is a graph of the results of torque (M) of the rotor of a Haake Torque rheometer during melt blending of example 1;
FIG. 1(b) is a graph of the results of the energy (E) evolved during melt blending of example 1;
FIG. 2(a) is a graph of the results of torque (M) of the rotor of the Haake Torque rheometer during melt blending of example 2;
FIG. 2(b) is a graph of the results of the energy (E) evolved during melt blending of example 2;
FIG. 3(a) is a graph of the results of torque (M) of the rotor of the Haake Torque rheometer during melt blending of example 3;
FIG. 3(b) is a graph of the results of the energy (E) evolved during melt blending of example 3;
FIG. 4(a) is a graph of the results of torque (M) of the rotor of the Haake Torque rheometer during melt blending of example 4;
FIG. 4(b) is a graph of the results of the energy (E) evolved during melt blending of example 4;
FIG. 5(a) is a graph of the results of torque (M) of the rotor of the Haake Torque rheometer during melt blending of example 5;
FIG. 5(b) is a graph showing the results of the energy (E) evolved during the melt blending process of example 5.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art and by conventional means without departing from the spirit of the method of the invention described above.
The examples of the invention are as follows:
example 1:
the method comprises the following steps: diluting 25 wt% polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate solution into 5 wt% aqueous solution, adding sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting pH to 10.5, and marking as solution A; adding distilled water into graphite oxide microchip, maintaining 50 deg.C, performing ultrasonic treatment for 5min to obtain 2.5 wt% aqueous solution, adding hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, adjusting pH to 2.7, and marking as B solution.
Step two: weighing 20g of wood fiber, performing ultrasonic treatment in 100ml of solution A at 70 ℃ for 10-15 min, filtering by using a filter screen, and quickly drying at 80 ℃; performing ultrasonic treatment for 5-10 min at 75 ℃ in 100ml of the solution B, filtering by using a filter screen, and quickly drying at 80 ℃; repeating the above operation for 5 times, and drying in oven at 105 deg.C for 2 hr to obtain wood fiber, labeled as modified wood fiber-1.
The thermal decomposition curve of the wood fiber is analyzed by a thermogravimetric analysis method, and the initial decomposition temperature of the obtained modified wood fiber-1 is as follows: 174 ℃; maximum decomposition temperature: 372 deg.C; (the initial decomposition temperature of the original wood fiber was 159 ℃ C.; maximum decomposition temperature was 361 ℃ C.). It can be seen that the thermal stability of the modified wood fiber-1 is superior to the original wood fiber.
The torque rheometer has a structure similar to that of actual production equipment (internal mixers, extruders and the like) and is low in material consumption, so that the processes of mixing, extruding and the like can be simulated in a laboratory, and the torque rheometer is particularly suitable for optimizing production formulas and process conditions. The Haake torque rheometer records the change of the reaction torque generated by the materials to the rotor or the screw and the released energy along with the time in the mixing process, wherein the balance torque value corresponds to the viscosity and the fluidity of the melt after the materials are melted. The lower the equilibrium torque value, the lower the viscosity of the material under shear to achieve melt stability, and the better the flowability during processing. Wood fiber, polypropylene (PP) and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene are melted and blended by a Haake torque rheometer according to the weight percentage of 20:75:5 at the temperature of 170 ℃ and the rotating speed of a rotor of 30rad/min, and the following parameters are automatically recorded in the melting and blending process: torque of the rotor of the haake torque rheometer (M) and energy released during blending (E). The two parameter results are shown in fig. 1(a) and 1 (b).
As can be seen from fig. 1 (a): the equilibrium torque value during the modified wood fiber-1/PP mixing process (7.59 N.M) was lower than the unmodified wood fiber/PP value (4.03 N.M). This shows that the viscosity of the melt formed by the modified wood fiber and PP is reduced by 47%, and the fluidity of the melt is obviously increased;
further, as shown in FIG. 1 (b): the overall energy released during the processing of the modified wood fiber-1/PP is lower than that of the unmodified wood fiber/PP, which means that the heat generated by friction between the modified wood fiber and the material and between the cylinder and the rotor is reduced during the processing and forming. By further examining the samples it was found that: no scorching was observed in the modified fiber-1/PP samples.
Example 2:
the method comprises the following steps: diluting 25 wt% polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate solution into 5 wt% aqueous solution, adding sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting pH to 11.5, and marking as solution A; adding distilled water into graphite oxide microchip, maintaining 80 deg.C, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min to obtain 2.5 wt% aqueous solution, adding hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, adjusting pH to 3.8, and marking as B solution.
Step two: weighing 20g of wood fiber, performing ultrasonic treatment at 80 ℃ for 15min in 100ml of solution A, filtering with a filter screen, and quickly drying at 80 ℃; performing ultrasonic treatment at 85 deg.C for 10min in 100ml of solution B, filtering with filter screen, and air drying at 80 deg.C; repeating the above operation for 5 times, and drying in oven at 105 deg.C for 3 hr to obtain wood fiber, labeled as modified wood fiber-2.
The thermal decomposition curve of the wood fiber is analyzed by a thermogravimetric analysis method, and the initial decomposition temperature of the obtained modified wood fiber-2 is as follows: 168 ℃; maximum decomposition temperature: 375 ℃; (the initial decomposition temperature of the original wood fiber was 159 ℃ C.; maximum decomposition temperature was 361 ℃ C.). It can be seen that the thermal stability of the modified wood fiber-2 is superior to the original wood fiber.
The torque rheometer has a structure similar to that of actual production equipment (internal mixers, extruders and the like) and is low in material consumption, so that the processes of mixing, extruding and the like can be simulated in a laboratory, and the torque rheometer is particularly suitable for optimizing production formulas and process conditions. The Haake torque rheometer records the change of the reaction torque generated by the materials to the rotor or the screw and the released energy along with the time in the mixing process, wherein the balance torque value corresponds to the viscosity and the fluidity of the melt after the materials are melted. The lower the equilibrium torque value, the lower the viscosity of the material under shear to achieve melt stability, and the better the flowability during processing.
Wood fiber, polypropylene (PP) and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene are melted and blended by a Haake torque rheometer according to the weight percentage of 20:75:5 at the temperature of 170 ℃ and the rotating speed of a rotor of 30rad/min, and the following parameters are automatically recorded in the melting and blending process: torque of the rotor (M) and energy evolved during blending (E). The two parameter results are shown in fig. 2(a) and 2 (b).
As can be seen from fig. 2 (a): the equilibrium torque value during the modified wood fiber-2/PP mixing process (7.59 N.M) was lower than the unmodified wood fiber/PP value (3.95 N.M). This shows that the viscosity of the melt formed by the modified wood fiber and PP is reduced by 53% and the fluidity of the melt is obviously increased.
As can be seen from fig. 2 (b): the overall energy released during the processing of the modified wood fiber-1/PP is lower than that of the unmodified wood fiber/PP, which means that the heat generated by friction between the modified wood fiber and the material and between the cylinder and the rotor is reduced during the processing and forming. By further examining the samples it was found that: no scorching was observed in the modified fiber-2/PP samples.
Example 3:
the method comprises the following steps: diluting 25 wt% polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate solution into 5 wt% aqueous solution, adding sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting pH to 11, and marking as solution A; adding distilled water into graphite oxide microchip, maintaining 60 deg.C, performing ultrasonic treatment for 8min to obtain 2.5 wt% aqueous solution, adding hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, adjusting pH to 3, and marking as B solution.
Step two: weighing 20g of wood fiber, performing ultrasonic treatment at 75 ℃ for 12min in 100ml of solution A, filtering with a filter screen, and quickly drying at 80 ℃; performing ultrasonic treatment for 5-10 min at 80 ℃ in 100ml of the solution B, filtering by using a filter screen, and quickly drying at 80 ℃; repeating the above operation for 5 times, and drying in oven at 105 deg.C for 2.5 hr to obtain wood fiber, labeled as modified wood fiber-3.
The thermal decomposition curve of the wood fiber is analyzed by a thermogravimetric analysis method, and the initial decomposition temperature of the obtained modified wood fiber-3 is as follows: 171 ℃; maximum decomposition temperature: 378 ℃; (the initial decomposition temperature of the original wood fiber was 171 ℃ C.; maximum decomposition temperature was 361 ℃ C.). It can be seen that the thermal stability of the modified wood fiber-3 is superior to the original wood fiber.
The torque rheometer has a structure similar to that of actual production equipment (internal mixers, extruders and the like) and is low in material consumption, so that the processes of mixing, extruding and the like can be simulated in a laboratory, and the torque rheometer is particularly suitable for optimizing production formulas and process conditions. The Haake torque rheometer records the change of the reaction torque generated by the materials to the rotor or the screw and the released energy along with the time in the mixing process, wherein the balance torque value corresponds to the viscosity and the fluidity of the melt after the materials are melted. The lower the equilibrium torque value, the lower the viscosity of the material under shear to achieve melt stability, and the better the flowability during processing.
Wood fiber, polypropylene (PP) and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene are melted and blended by a Haake torque rheometer according to the weight percentage of 20:75:5 at the temperature of 170 ℃ and the rotating speed of a rotor of 30rad/min, and the following parameters are automatically recorded in the melting and blending process: torque of the rotor (M) and energy evolved during blending (E). The two parameter results are shown in fig. 3(a) and 3 (b).
As can be seen from fig. 3 (a): the equilibrium torque value during the modified wood fiber-3/PP blending process (7.59 N.M) is lower than the unmodified wood fiber/PP value (3.65 N.M). This shows that the viscosity of the melt formed by the modified wood fiber and PP is reduced by 52% in a small way, and the fluidity of the melt is obviously improved.
As can be seen from fig. 3 (b): the overall energy released during the processing of the modified wood fiber-1/PP is lower than that of the unmodified wood fiber/PP, which means that the heat generated by friction between the modified wood fiber and the material and between the cylinder and the rotor is reduced during the processing and forming. By further examining the samples it was found that: no coking was observed in the modified fiber-3/PP sample.
Example 4:
the method comprises the following steps: diluting 25 wt% polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate solution into 5 wt% aqueous solution, adding sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting pH to 11, and marking as solution A; adding distilled water into graphite oxide microchip, maintaining 75 deg.C, performing ultrasonic treatment for 8min to obtain 2.5 wt% aqueous solution, adding hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, adjusting pH to 3.5, and marking as B solution.
Step two: weighing 20g of wood fiber, performing ultrasonic treatment in 100ml of solution A at 78 ℃ for 10-15 min, filtering with a filter screen, and quickly drying at 80 ℃; performing ultrasonic treatment at 82 ℃ for 5-10 min in 100ml of the solution B, filtering by using a filter screen, and quickly drying at 80 ℃; repeating the above operation for 5 times, and drying in oven at 105 deg.C for 3 hr to obtain wood fiber, labeled as modified wood fiber-4.
The thermal decomposition curve of the wood fiber is analyzed by a thermogravimetric analysis method, and the initial decomposition temperature of the obtained modified wood fiber-4 is as follows: 169 ℃; maximum decomposition temperature: 385 ℃; (the initial decomposition temperature of the original wood fiber was 159 ℃ C.; maximum decomposition temperature was 361 ℃ C.). It can be seen that the thermal stability of the modified wood fiber-4 is superior to the original wood fiber.
The torque rheometer has a structure similar to that of actual production equipment (internal mixers, extruders and the like) and is low in material consumption, so that the processes of mixing, extruding and the like can be simulated in a laboratory, and the torque rheometer is particularly suitable for optimizing production formulas and process conditions. The Haake torque rheometer records the change of the reaction torque generated by the materials to the rotor or the screw and the released energy along with the time in the mixing process, wherein the balance torque value corresponds to the viscosity and the fluidity of the melt after the materials are melted. The lower the equilibrium torque value, the lower the viscosity of the material under shear to achieve melt stability, and the better the flowability during processing.
Wood fiber, polypropylene (PP) and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene are melted and blended by a Haake torque rheometer according to the weight percentage of 20:75:5 at the temperature of 170 ℃ and the rotating speed of a rotor of 30rad/min, and the following parameters are automatically recorded in the melting and blending process: torque of the rotor (M) and energy evolved during blending (E). The two parameter results are shown in fig. 4(a) and 4 (b).
As can be seen from fig. 4 (a): the equilibrium torque value during the modified wood fiber-4/PP blending process (7.59 N.M) is lower than the unmodified wood fiber/PP value (2.93 N.M). This shows that the viscosity of the melt formed by the modified wood fiber and PP is reduced by 61% less, and the fluidity of the melt is obviously increased.
As can be seen from fig. 4 (b): the overall energy released during the processing of the modified wood fiber-1/PP is lower than that of the unmodified wood fiber/PP, which means that the heat generated by friction between the modified wood fiber and the material and between the cylinder and the rotor is reduced during the processing and forming. By further examining the samples it was found that: no coking was observed in the modified fiber-4/PP sample.
Example 5:
the method comprises the following steps: diluting 25 wt% polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate solution into 5 wt% aqueous solution, adding sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting pH to 11, and marking as solution A; adding distilled water into graphite oxide micro-sheets, maintaining the temperature at 65 ℃, performing ultrasonic treatment for 8min to prepare 2.5 wt% of aqueous solution, adding hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, adjusting the pH value to 3.2, and marking as solution B.
Step two: weighing 20g of wood fiber, performing ultrasonic treatment in 100ml of solution A at 75 ℃ for 10-15 min, filtering with a filter screen, and quickly drying at 80 ℃; performing ultrasonic treatment at 72 ℃ for 5-10 min in 100ml of the solution B, filtering by using a filter screen, and quickly drying at 80 ℃; repeating the above operation for 5 times, and drying in oven at 105 deg.C for 2 hr to obtain wood fiber labeled as modified wood fiber-5.
The thermal decomposition curve of the wood fiber is analyzed by a thermogravimetric analysis method, and the initial decomposition temperature of the obtained modified wood fiber-5 is as follows: 170 ℃; maximum decomposition temperature: 381 ℃; (the initial decomposition temperature of the original wood fiber was 159 ℃ C.; maximum decomposition temperature was 361 ℃ C.). It can be seen that the thermal stability of the modified wood fiber-5 is superior to the original wood fiber.
The torque rheometer has a structure similar to that of actual production equipment (internal mixers, extruders and the like) and is low in material consumption, so that the processes of mixing, extruding and the like can be simulated in a laboratory, and the torque rheometer is particularly suitable for optimizing production formulas and process conditions. The Haake torque rheometer records the change of the reaction torque generated by the materials to the rotor or the screw and the released energy along with the time in the mixing process, wherein the balance torque value corresponds to the viscosity and the fluidity of the melt after the materials are melted. The lower the equilibrium torque value, the lower the viscosity of the material under shear to achieve melt stability, and the better the flowability during processing.
Wood fiber, polypropylene (PP) and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene are melted and blended by a Haake torque rheometer according to the weight percentage of 20:75:5 at the temperature of 170 ℃ and the rotating speed of a rotor of 30rad/min, and the following parameters are automatically recorded in the melting and blending process: torque of the rotor (M) and energy evolved during blending (E). The two parameter results are shown in fig. 4(a) and 4 (b).
As can be seen from fig. 5 (a): the equilibrium torque value during the modified wood fiber-5/PP mixing process (7.59 N.M) was lower than the unmodified wood fiber/PP value (2.87 N.M). This shows that the viscosity of the melt formed by the modified wood fiber and PP is reduced by 62% and the fluidity of the melt is obviously increased.
As can be seen from fig. 5 (b): the overall energy released during the processing of the modified wood fiber-1/PP is lower than that of the unmodified wood fiber/PP, which means that the heat generated by friction between the modified wood fiber and the material and between the cylinder and the rotor is reduced during the processing and forming. By further examining the samples it was found that: no scorching was observed in the modified fiber-5/PP samples.
Claims (1)
1. A preparation method of wood fiber for optimizing a preparation process of a wood-plastic composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively preparing a solution A and a solution B;
the solution A in the step one is prepared by the following steps: adding a sodium hydroxide solution into a polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate solution to adjust the pH value to obtain a solution A; the polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate solution is an aqueous solution containing 5 wt% polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate; adjusting the pH value of the polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate solution to 10.5-11.5 by using sodium hydroxide;
the preparation of the solution B in the step one is specifically as follows: adding distilled water into graphite oxide micro-sheets to obtain a graphite oxide solution, maintaining the temperature of 50-80 ℃, performing ultrasonic treatment for 5-10 min to prepare a graphite oxide solution, and adding a hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH value to obtain a solution B; the graphite oxide solution is an aqueous solution containing 2.5 wt% of graphite oxide; adjusting the pH value of the graphite oxide solution to 2.7-3.8 by using a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution;
step two: weighing the wood fiber, soaking the wood fiber in the solution A and the solution B, then air-drying for multiple times, and finally drying to obtain the modified wood fiber;
the second step is specifically as follows:
2.1) weighing 20g of wood fiber;
2.2) immersing in 100ml of the solution A, performing ultrasonic treatment at 70-80 ℃ for 10-15 min, filtering by using a filter screen, and quickly drying at 80 ℃; after air drying, immersing the fabric into 100ml of the solution B, performing ultrasonic treatment at 75-85 ℃ for 5-10 min, filtering by using a filter screen, and quickly air drying at 80 ℃;
2.3) repeating the step 2.2) for 5 times, and then drying in an oven at 105 ℃ for 2-3 h to obtain wood fibers;
the length of the wood fiber before modification in the second step is 1-8 mm, and the diameter of the wood fiber before modification is 10-50 microns.
Priority Applications (1)
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