CN108218916A - A kind of method for preparing dioctyl phosphine oxide - Google Patents

A kind of method for preparing dioctyl phosphine oxide Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108218916A
CN108218916A CN201611151407.XA CN201611151407A CN108218916A CN 108218916 A CN108218916 A CN 108218916A CN 201611151407 A CN201611151407 A CN 201611151407A CN 108218916 A CN108218916 A CN 108218916A
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China
Prior art keywords
distilled water
organic layer
extraction
dioctyl
chloroform
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CN201611151407.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
闵成勇
何明联
刘良彬
蒲冬勤
谢林
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Sichuan Central Testing Co Ltd
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Sichuan Central Testing Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201611151407.XA priority Critical patent/CN108218916A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/28Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
    • C07F9/50Organo-phosphines
    • C07F9/53Organo-phosphine oxides; Organo-phosphine thioxides
    • C07F9/5304Acyclic saturated phosphine oxides or thioxides

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods for preparing dioctyl phosphine oxide, and dioctyl phosphorus chloride is added in distilled water, 10~30min of stirring hydrolysis at room temperature, pH > 13 are adjusted to 5~15wt%NaOH solution, chloroform extraction takes organic layer, neutrality is washed with distilled water to, organic layer solvent is evaporated off in Rotary Evaporators, with acetic acid, filtering, filter residue is thrown aside, and adds in chloroform and distilled water extraction filtrate, collected organic layer, water washing is distilled to neutrality, and vacuum drying obtains white solid;The preparation method reaction step of the present invention is simple, and environmentally protective, Atom economy is good, and product purity is high, is easily isolated, and has the prospect of industrialization.Products application of the present invention is in water quality detection and sewage treatment industry.

Description

A kind of method for preparing dioctyl phosphine oxide
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of phosphorous chemical industry, and in particular to a kind of method for preparing trialkyl phosphorus.
Background technology
Extraction refers to compound because of the solubility in two kinds of mutual solubility very littles or fairly insoluble solvent (distribution coefficient) is different, so as to partially or completely enter one of which solvent.When the number of extraction is enough, compound will be complete Enter one of which solvent entirely.
Extractant is various in style, generally comprises inorganic and organic extractant.And most of used in industrial production are Organic extractant has good dissolubility in organic solvent.It is to be treated to increase it with metal to be allowed to be dissolved in organic solvent Extract the dissolubility of object, and enhance its extraction ability, while its volatility, viscosity and water solubility can also be weakened.Organic extractant Non-ferrous metal hydrometallurgy industry is largely used to, is mainly used for extracting copper and various noble metals and rare earth.
There are many kinds of the methods of extraction, generally comprises solvent extraction, solid-liquid extraction (leaching), chemical precipitation method, tree Fat method, aqueous two-phase method, oxidation-reduction method, floatation and electric stripping process.
What is be wherein most widely used is the precipitation method and solvent extraction.The precipitation method are mainly used for sewage disposal, method master If adding specific chemical reagent into sewage, it is made to react with the substance to be handled being dissolved in waste water, generated The precipitation of salts of water is insoluble in, so as to which success is removed from sewage.But due to the use of a large amount of chemical reagent, which can cause greatly The secondary pollution of amount is unfavorable for the green environment advocated energetically now close friend and sustainable development, and is of limited application.
Solvent-extracted extraction process is full liquid process, and two kinds of liquid phases of participation process are respectively water phase and organic phase.Water The density of phase is typically larger than used organic phase density so that after static layering, organic phase is always located in above water phase.Solvent Extraction can be used for the element of processing tonne in the industry, can be used for laboratory treatment gram and the element of milligram grade separation and Enrichment.Solvent extraction is because of spies such as its operation is very simple while cheap, rate of extraction fast, high selectivity, separation rate height Point has become an indispensable basic fundamental, industrially in the Separation & Purification of current every field It has been obtained for being widely applied, and wherein most has obtained good effect.Solvent extraction is research in recent years Red heat point.
Organic phosphates extractant is one of several main extractants of solvent extraction extracting metals ion now, so far for Only it is widely used to numerous areas.Organic phosphates extractant is various in style, various structures, but generally speaking, in being generally divided into Property phosphorous and two major class of acidic phosphorus type.
At 1945, people have found that tributyl phosphate (TBP) has effects that extract uranium for the first time.From then on, TBP is gradually It is taken seriously, till now, is used to post-process nuclear fuel in the world, extract the elements such as thorium therein, uranium. TBP is under high temperature and radiation, and can degrade generation dibutylphosphoric acid ester (DBP) and monobutyl phosphate (MDP), but DBP and MDP to zirconium, Niobium member is known as higher mating capability, in addition, DBP and MDP can be combined into thorium, zirconium etc. both it is not soluble in water be also insoluble in it is organic molten The substance of agent, a large amount of precipitation can cover whole system, extraction efficiency caused to drastically reduce.Therefore, the use of TBP extractants Service life is very short.
Therefore, people begin one's study modified technique flow, and have carried out research extensively and profoundly to phosphorus-contained extractant.People It was found that when using D2When EHPA makees extractant, two different amine solvents are screened, such as ethylene diamine, 1,2- propane diamine, 1,3- the third two Amine etc., the extraction yield of uranium can promote 18~36 times.On the other hand, if in neutral ligand, such as dihexyl-N, N- diethyl Tributyl phosphate and trioctylphosphine oxide are added in base-carbamyl phosphate methyl esters, the extraction efficiency of uranium ion can be greatly improved.When Tributyl phosphate (TBP), trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO), D2EHPA is used with when making extractant, and effect of extracting is very good.
The uranium mill in China is all using eluex process to extract uranium ion mostly, which uses organophosphor as extraction Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (the D of agent, i.e. 0.2mol/L2EHPA) with the trialkyl phosphorus of 0.1mol/L (TRPO) system, The uranium product purity obtained by this flow is high not enough, wherein still containing various metals impurity.This crude product need to pass through TBP Extraction process can obtain purified product after refining, and it is pure to reach core.
Trioctylphosphine oxide is widely used in the extraction of uranium in industry, usually with the D of different proportion2EHPA is combined, extraction effect Rate is all very high, but has realized that industrialized trialkyl phosphorus also only has trioctylphosphine oxide, therefore, researchs and develops other at present The industrialized production route of trialkyl phosphorus has great importance to finding new efficient extractant.
There are two types of the methods of the synthesis trialkyl phosphorus of mainstream in the world:Grignard reagent method and hydrogen phosphide synthetic method are led to It crosses grignard reaction and prepares trioctylphosphine oxide, the biggest advantage is to only need to can obtain product by single step reaction, and produce Object purity is very high.It is well known that grignard reaction has disadvantages that:Operation difficulty is high, and the condition for preparing Grignard Reagent is very tight Lattice, for Grignard Reagent to water and oxygen all extreme sensitivities, yield is generally very low.Grignard reaction condition is too harsh, is not suitable for out very much Send out into industrial manufacture process.Hydrogen phosphide addition process, product purity is relatively low, there is many impurity and by-product.In addition, used original Expect phosphatization.Hydrogen is also violent in toxicity, not only irritant but also be system.Toxic agent, if sucking can be to heart, respiratory system.Kidney, intestines Stomach, nervous system.Damaged with liver, gently then cause shed tears, cough, dizziness, headache, the symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, it is heavy then can It can cause to tremble, spasm, cardiorespiratory failure and death.Concentration reaches 9.7mg/m3Poisoning will be caused above;550~ 830mg/m3Dead, 2798mg/m occurs for 0.5~1.0 hour for contact3It can be lethal rapidly.And the hydrogen phosphide of trace in air can Spontaneous combustion, the aerial concentration of hydrogen phosphide reach 1.8% (26g/m3) more than can explode.
Neutral organophosphorus extractant is widely used in the extraction process of uranium, they generally have very high selectivity to uranium With certain chemical radiation stability, but carried out currently on the market industrialized production only three n-octyl phosphorous oxides, and Production method or toxicity is larger or low yield, it is still desirable to improve, and need to develop a greater variety of trialkyl phosphorus Production method.
Invention content
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods for preparing dioctyl phosphine oxide, are reacted in the hope of reducing Pollution and toxicity, and improve yield and product purity.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical solution:
Dioctyl phosphorus chloride is added in distilled water, stirring hydrolysis by a kind of method for preparing dioctyl phosphine oxide at room temperature 10~30min is adjusted to pH > 13 with 5~15wt%NaOH solution, and chloroform extraction takes organic layer, is washed with distilled water to Organic layer solvent is evaporated off in neutrality, Rotary Evaporators, and with acetic acid, filtering, filter residue is thrown aside, and adds in chloroform and distilled water extraction Filtrate, collected organic layer are taken, distillation water washing to neutrality is dried in vacuo and obtains white solid.
Preferably, dioctyl phosphorus chloride is added in into distilled water, stirring hydrolysis 15min at room temperature.
Preferably, pH > 13 are adjusted to 10wt%NaOH solution.
The preparation method reaction step of the present invention is simple, and environmentally protective, Atom economy is good, and product purity is high, is easy to point From the prospect with industrialization.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below, it is clear that described embodiment is only Only it is part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill Personnel's all other embodiments obtained under the premise of creative work is not made belong to the model that the present invention protects It encloses.
Embodiment 1
Dioctyl phosphorus chloride is added in into distilled water at room temperature, stirring hydrolysis 10min is adjusted to pH with 5wt%NaOH solution > 13, chloroform extraction take organic layer, are washed with distilled water to neutrality, and Rotary Evaporators are evaporated off organic layer solvent, use acetic acid Dissolving, filtering, filter residue are thrown aside, addition chloroform and distilled water extraction filtrate, collected organic layer, distillation water washing to neutrality, Vacuum drying obtains white solid, yield 98%.
Embodiment 2
Dioctyl phosphorus chloride is added in into distilled water at room temperature, stirring hydrolysis 30min is adjusted to pH with 15wt%NaOH solution > 13, chloroform extraction take organic layer, are washed with distilled water to neutrality, and Rotary Evaporators are evaporated off organic layer solvent, use acetic acid Dissolving, filtering, filter residue are thrown aside, addition chloroform and distilled water extraction filtrate, collected organic layer, distillation water washing to neutrality, Vacuum drying obtains white solid, yield 98.5%.
Embodiment 3
Dioctyl phosphorus chloride is added in into distilled water at room temperature, stirring hydrolysis 20min is adjusted to pH with 10wt%NaOH solution > 13, chloroform extraction take organic layer, are washed with distilled water to neutrality, and Rotary Evaporators are evaporated off organic layer solvent, use acetic acid Dissolving, filtering, filter residue are thrown aside, addition chloroform and distilled water extraction filtrate, collected organic layer, distillation water washing to neutrality, Vacuum drying obtains white solid, yield 99%.
For those skilled in the art, it is clear that the present invention is not limited to the details of above-mentioned exemplary embodiment, and not In the case of the spirit or essential attributes of the present invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter from From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended right It is required that rather than above description limit, it is intended that all changes that will be fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent requirements of the claims Change is included within the present invention.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be properly combined, forms those skilled in the art The other embodiment being appreciated that.

Claims (3)

  1. A kind of 1. method for preparing dioctyl phosphine oxide, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
    Dioctyl phosphorus chloride is added in into distilled water, stirring 10~30min of hydrolysis, with 5~15wt%NaOH solution tune at room temperature To pH > 13, chloroform extraction takes organic layer, is washed with distilled water to neutrality, and organic layer solvent is evaporated off in Rotary Evaporators, uses Acetic acid, filtering, filter residue are thrown aside, and add in chloroform and distilled water extraction filtrate, collected organic layer, distillation water washing is into Property, vacuum drying obtains white solid.
  2. 2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:Dioctyl phosphorus chloride is added in into distilled water at room temperature, is stirred Mix hydrolysis 15min.
  3. 3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:PH > 13 are adjusted to 10wt%NaOH solution.
CN201611151407.XA 2016-12-13 2016-12-13 A kind of method for preparing dioctyl phosphine oxide Pending CN108218916A (en)

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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201611151407.XA CN108218916A (en) 2016-12-13 2016-12-13 A kind of method for preparing dioctyl phosphine oxide

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
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Application publication date: 20180629