CN108215119A - A kind of extrusion foaming sheet material head - Google Patents
A kind of extrusion foaming sheet material head Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108215119A CN108215119A CN201810017471.1A CN201810017471A CN108215119A CN 108215119 A CN108215119 A CN 108215119A CN 201810017471 A CN201810017471 A CN 201810017471A CN 108215119 A CN108215119 A CN 108215119A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sheet material
- extrusion foaming
- degree
- foaming sheet
- material head
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
- B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
- B29C48/31—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
- B29L2007/002—Panels; Plates; Sheets
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of extrusion foaming sheet material head, including：Extruder material inlet pipeline, sheet material runner upper mold, sheet material runner lower die, sheet material runner side template, mouth mold exports, the extruder material inlet pipeline, sheet material runner upper mold, sheet material runner lower die, sheet material runner side template, mouth mold outlet collectively defines polymer melt flow cavity, the polymer melt flow cavity includes inlet duct chamber, shunt transition region, solution stabilization area and region of convergence, it is characterized in that, since shunting transition region and stabilization area boundary line position at until convergence end of extent, the madial wall and axial direction of the polymer melt flow cavity form the angle of flare between 5 45 degree.The extrusion foaming sheet material handpiece structure can prepare the polymer extrusion foaming sheet material for reducing or eliminating fold, improve the uniformity of products surface quality and mechanical property, reduce product rejection rate, improve productivity effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermoplastic macromolecule materials to squeeze out manufacture field, more particularly, to a kind of extrusion foaming sheet material machine
Head can reduce or eliminate the gauffer in extruded foaming materials.
Background technology
Polymeric foamable material refers to polymer material for matrix, wherein filling the composite material of a large amount of bubbles, has matter
Amount is light, save material, specific strength height, thermal conductivity is low, heat insulation performance is excellent, can absorb the excellent properties such as shock loading, therefore
Packaging, heat-insulated, anti-freezing and heat-insulating, buffering vibration-proof material are widely used as, in building, transport, daily necessities, packaging and boat
My god, navigation, the fields such as national defence are widely used.Polymerization expanded material product form includes：Sheet material, plank, prefoam
Bead, injection-molded item etc., can be by squeezing out, being molded, being molded, the techniques such as being molded and prepare.Wherein extrusion foaming has continuous raw
The advantages that producing, is efficient, at low cost is the main preparation process of polymeric foamable material.Extrusion foaming plate/sheet material is main
Object form, between 2-40 times, suitable polymer kind includes expansion ratio：Polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene,
Polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polylactic acid etc..
In extrusion foaming sheet material technique, after polymer melt goes out head, there are a large amount of bubble nucleatings and grow and cause to gather
Polymer melt drastically expands, can be with free wxpansion in mechanical direction and thickness direction, but width direction is by mouth mold width or ring
The restriction effect of shape mouth mold circumferential direction, the polymer melt of expansion mutually squeeze accumulation so as to form the pleat perpendicular to machine direction
Wrinkle.Using high diffusivity coefficient and the inertia foaming agent of low solubility, such as CO2、N2Deng, can cause nucleation rate and cell growth speed
Rate greatly improves, so as to exacerbate the generation of buckling phenomena.In addition, after expansion ratio is more than 5 times, fold can not be by cold
But shaping equipment flattens.The presence of fold had not only influenced product apparent mass, but also product is caused to be reduced in lateral mechanical performance.
In order to solve, the buckling problems of extrusion foaming sheet material, Zhu Weilin etc. are based on cell nucleation and growth theory establishes
Theoretical calculation model is used for analog simulation fold formation mechenism and influence factor, has inquired into annular head entrance on this basis and has received
Hold back angle and mouth mold gap, material viscoplasticity and foam process, such as the influence of gas injection rate and yield to fold.But the model calculates
Complexity, analog simulation result are difficult to instruct practical foaming process, and without considering slit die (also referred to as flat-die) structure pair comprehensively
The influence of fold lacks directive significance to foaming product of the thickness more than 5mm.
To two kinds, the polyethylene (PE) of the different trades mark has carried out extrusion foaming experiment for German IKV companies, has studied it and is squeezing
Go out the buckling phenomena generated in the process.They change foaming agents content, handpiece structure and yield, obtained these factors with
The relationship of fold quantity, but there is no propose reduce so that eliminate fold method, also can not Accurate Prediction fold generation.
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of novel extrusion foamed sheet plank heads, can reduce or eliminate polymeric foamable material and squeeze
Go out the fold that foaming generates in the process.
Invention content
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention discloses a kind of extrusion foaming sheet material head, including：Extruder material
Inlet duct, sheet material runner upper mold, sheet material runner lower die, sheet material runner side template, mouth mold outlet, the extruder object
Material inlet duct, sheet material runner upper mold, sheet material runner lower die, sheet material runner side template, mouth mold outlet collectively define
Polymer melt flow cavity, the polymer melt flow cavity include inlet duct chamber, transition region, stabilization area and convergence
Area, wherein, at the transition region and the line of demarcation both ends of stabilization area up to restraining end of extent, the polymer melt flow type
The madial wall and axial direction of chamber form the angle of flare between 5-45 degree.
Preferably for foaming sheet material of the expansion ratio less than 3 times is prepared, the angle of flare is between 5-15 degree.
Preferably for sheet material head of the expansion ratio higher than 10 times is prepared, the angle of flare is between 10-45 degree.
Preferably for sheet material head of the expansion ratio higher than 20 times is prepared, the angle of flare is between 25-45 degree.
It is flowed in research and mouth mold the present invention is based on the viscous-elastic behaviour of polymer melt, particularly elastic memory
The analysis of field, and pass through a large amount of extrusion foamings and test, a kind of novel extrusion foamed sheet plank handpiece structure of proposition can be prepared
Go out to reduce or eliminate the polymer extrusion foaming sheet material of fold.The uniformity of products surface quality and mechanical property is improved, is subtracted
Few product rejection rate, improves productivity effect.
Description of the drawings
The extrusion foaming sheet material head of the present invention is further elaborated below according to attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of extrusion foaming sheet material head according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is that extrusion foaming sheet material head according to an embodiment of the invention (rotates 90 relative to the position of Fig. 1
Degree) vertical view.
Fig. 3 is end of the extrusion foaming sheet material head according to an embodiment of the invention from inlet duct direction
Portion's view.
Fig. 4 shows the cavity structure of extrusion foaming sheet material head according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 shows the cavity structure of conventional foamed sheet plank head of the prior art.
Fig. 6 shows the design structure and foaming effect of conventional foamed sheet plank head of the prior art.
Fig. 7 shows the design structure of extrusion foaming sheet material head according to an embodiment of the invention and foaming effect
Fruit.
Fig. 8 shows the region of convergence outlet flat segments of extrusion foaming sheet material head according to an embodiment of the invention
Enlarged view.
Fig. 9 shows the hair of the corrugationless prepared using extrusion foaming sheet material head according to an embodiment of the invention
Steep plank.
Figure 10 shows the foaming plate for having fold prepared according to comparative example.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figs. 1-3, extrusion foaming sheet material head of the invention includes：Extruder material inlet pipeline 1, sheet material
Runner upper mold 2, sheet material runner lower die 3, sheet material runner side template 4, mouth mold outlet 5, the extruder material inlet pipeline
1st, sheet material runner upper mold 2, sheet material runner lower die 3, sheet material runner side template 4, mouth mold outlet 5 collectively define polymer
Melt flows cavity 6.
As shown in figure 4, the polymer melt flow cavity 6 includes inlet duct chamber 61, transition region 62,63 and of stabilization area
Region of convergence 64.Wherein inlet duct chamber 61 is round tube shape structure, and upstream is connected with extrusion system melt；Transition region 62 is circle
The inlet duct chamber 61 of tubulose is to the flow-induced corrosion of the stabilization area 63 of parallel flat shape, and in transition region, 62 melt is in the width direction
(relative to radially of the central axis) extends to the outside, so as to which width increases, while melt thickness direction is (relative to central shaft spool
To) thickness be gradually reduced.Uniform in entire width direction generally for melt is made, the runner of transition region 62 is tied to be fan-shaped
Structure, shorter by proximal wall flow, middle section flow is longer；Stabilization area 63 is located at 62 downstream of transition region.
Referring to Fig. 5, for conventional free foaming die, stabilization area 63 is exactly when the thickness of melt is kept with width
Region when constant.And for the plank head of the present invention, its thickness remains unchanged after melt enters stabilization area 63, for difference
Product thickness is a fixed value (the usually value between 5-100mm), and the width in the area is then gradually extended to both sides, extension
Speed is controlled by angle of flare K；Referring to Fig. 8, the gate thickness of region of convergence 64 is gradually reduced, and is reduced speed and is depended on convergency
P (convergency P values usually between 15-100 degree) to establish certain melt pressure in head, has one after region of convergence 64
Flat segments, the flat segments thickness remain unchanged (the usual value of thickness is in 0.1-2mm ranges), and the thickness of flat segments can lean on
The elasticity of 3 template of 2 template of sheet material runner upper mold and sheet material runner lower die, is adjusted by bolt.
In the prior art, extrusion foaming sheet material runner cavity structure is as shown in figure 5, in 63 downstream of stabilization area and region of convergence
64, runner cavity width is constant, i.e., cavity width direction madial wall is consistent with squeezing out direction, the angle of flare 0.It is exported close to mouth mold
Place, flow velocity direction of the melt in head cavity is consistent with squeezing out direction, in width direction without velocity component, goes out head in this way
Afterwards, since bubble nucleating and growth cause polymer melt rapid spatial expansion, and the limitation of mouth mold width direction can not accommodate
The volume of expansion causes mutually extruding to form fold, as shown in Figure 6.Special expansion ratio, can not be by follow-up higher than 5 times
Shaping equipment flattens fold, causes product surface defect.
Since polymer melt has elastic memory, the flow direction of material will extend to molten in head
Body leaves head.Present inventor thinks change foamed board side fall roof caving structure by research, and control melt is in head
Flow direction and melt outflow head after trend, so as to effectively reduce or inhibit the formation of fold.Its specific skill
Art scheme is that foamed board side fall roof caving structure is done following design：From the two of transition region 62 and the line of demarcation 65 of stabilization area 63
It holds and starts at B until convergence end of extent, the madial wall of the polymer melt flow cavity and the angle of axial direction, that is, expand
Angle K is between 5-45 degree.
Extrusion foaming sheet material head cavity structure disclosed by the invention as shown in figure 5 and figure 7, in stabilization area 63 and is restrained
Area 64, runner cavity width gradually increase, and the angle of flare K of width direction is between 5-45 degree, and angle of flare K is from stabilization area 63 and gradually
The line of demarcation 65 for becoming area 62 starts, until mouth mold exports.Melt flows in head not only has velocity component in extrusion direction,
Also there is velocity component in width direction, therefore, after melt leaves head, the polymer melt of expansion has memory to imitate in width direction
Should, certain velocity component is still had, so as to weaken restriction effect of the mouth mold width to expanded polymer melt, it is molten to reduce expansion
Body is mutually squeezed and is folded, and decreases or even eliminates fold, can prepare corrugationless foaming sheet material, as shown in Figure 7.
According to an embodiment of the invention, angle of flare K is between 5-45 degree.If K values are too small, fold can not be eliminated, K values are too
Greatly, product can be caused expanded more to width direction, is unfavorable for the cooling and shaping of downstream foaming sheet material.For preparing foaming times
Rate is less than 3 times of foaming sheet material, and angle of flare K is between 5-15 degree.For the higher polymer of melt elasticity such as PS, LDPE
It is more than 5s Deng, blowing temperature lower melt relaxation time, angle of flare K is between 5~10 degree.For preparing expansion ratio more than 3 times
Sheet material, angle of flare K is between 5-45 degree.It is higher than 10 times of sheet material head for preparing expansion ratio, angle of flare K values exist
Between 10-45 degree；Expansion ratio is more than 20 times of sheet material head, and angle of flare K is between 25-45 degree.
Polyethylene terephthalate, poly- third can be prepared using extrusion foaming sheet material head disclosed by the invention
Alkene, polyethylene, expanded polylactic acid product.The foaming agent that may be used includes chemical foaming agent and physical blowing agent, is particularly suitable for
Physical blowing agent extrusion molding, including：CO2, N2, butane, pentane, HFC, HF.Between preparing foamed sheet sheet metal thickness 5-100mm,
Between width 200-1800mm.
Embodiment 1
Raw material:(230 DEG C of test temperature carries by polypropylene Borouge WB140HMS, melt flow rate (MFR) MFI=2.3g/10min
Lotus 2.16Kg)；Nucleating agent：1250 mesh of talcum powder, Beijing benefit the nation great achievement powder body material Co., Ltd；Foaming agent：CO2, purity
99.5%, Beijing oxygen installation
Extrusion system：Parallel dual-screw extruding machine, screw diameter 40mm, draw ratio 32, single screw extrusion machine of connecting, screw rod
Diameter 120mm, draw ratio 30, inline static mixer after single screw rod concatenate head of the present invention, extrusion die after mixer
Cavity is as shown in figure 4, melt inlet pipe diameter 60mm, stabilization area thickness 20mm, head exit width 600mm, the angle of flare
10 °, 45 ° of convergency, mouth mold outlet flat segments gap 0.2mm.
Extrusion foaming technique will start after the preheating temperature to set temperature of extrusion system, pass through weight-loss metering system
Polypropylene and nucleating agent are added in, nucleating agent addition is the 1wt%, total output 100kg/h of polypropylene total weight.Pass through metering
It pumps foaming agent CO2It is injected into the melt polypropylene in double screw extruder, injection rate 2wt%.Continuously decrease single screw rod
Each section of temperature so that gassiness polypropylene melt temperature is reduced to 170 DEG C, after going out head, gassiness melt swell, after cooling and shaping
Obtain polypropylene foamed sheet.10 times of expansion ratio, foam sheet surfacing, corrugationless.
Embodiment 2
Raw material and equipment are same as Example 1, and the injection rate the difference lies in CO2 foaming agents is PP total weights
5wt%, the angle of flare of head cavity is 45 DEG C, and the expansion ratio for obtaining foaming plate is 25 times, shows smooth corrugationless, is such as schemed
Shown in 9.
Embodiment 3
Raw material：Polyethylene terephthalate, inherent viscosity 0.80dl/g；Chain extender pyromellitic acid anhydride
(PMDA), pure, Chinese medicines group Co., Ltd is analyzed；Nucleating agent：Talcum powder, 1250 mesh, Beijing great achievement powder body material that benefits the nation are limited
Company；Foaming agent：CO2, purity 99.5%, Beijing oxygen installation.
For equipment with embodiment 1, the angle of flare K the difference lies in head cavity structure is 25 °.
Extrusion foaming technique is with embodiment 1, and the difference lies in PET needs to do at 170 DEG C before extruder is added in
It is 4-6 hours dry；Chain extender PMDA additive amounts are the 0.5wt% of PET total weights.CO2Injection rate is 3wt%, yield 80kg/h.
Reducing each area's temperature of single screw rod so that melt temperature is 250-260 DEG C in head, after going out head, gassiness melt swell, through cooling
Polypropylene foamed sheet is obtained after sizing.15 times of expansion ratio, foam sheet surfacing, corrugationless.
Embodiment 4
Raw material, equipment and foam process are with embodiment 3, and the difference lies in the foaming agent CO of injection2Content is
0.5wt%, 5 ° of the angle of flare of mold cavity, the expansion ratio for obtaining PET foam sheets is 3 times, shows smooth corrugationless.
Comparative example 1
Raw material, extruder and foam process are with embodiment 2, the difference lies in handpiece structure used as shown in figure 5, expansion
Angle is 0 °, obtains 20 times of foaming product expansion ratio, there is fold on surface, as shown in Figure 10.
Comparative example 2
Raw material and extruder are with embodiment 3, the difference lies in foaming die structure used as shown in figure 5, the angle of flare is
0 °, the expansion ratio for obtaining foaming product is 15 times, and surface irregularity has fold.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of extrusion foaming sheet material head, including：Extruder material inlet pipeline, sheet material runner upper mold, sheet material stream
Road lower die, sheet material runner side template, mouth mold outlet, the extruder material inlet pipeline, sheet material runner upper mold, sheet material
Runner lower die, sheet material runner side template, mouth mold outlet collectively define polymer melt flow cavity, the polymer melt
It flows cavity and includes inlet duct chamber, transition region, stabilization area and region of convergence, it is characterised in that：From transition region and point of stabilization area
Start at boundary line both ends until convergence end of extent, madial wall and the axial direction of the polymer melt flow cavity form 5 degree
The angle of flare between 45 degree.
2. extrusion foaming sheet material head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：For preparing expansion ratio less than 3
Foaming sheet material again, the angle of flare is between 5 degree to 15 degree.
3. extrusion foaming sheet material head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：For preparing expansion ratio higher than 10
Sheet material head again, the angle of flare is between 10 degree to 45 degree.
4. extrusion foaming sheet material head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：For preparing expansion ratio higher than 20
Sheet material head again, the angle of flare is between 25 degree to 45 degree.
5. extrusion foaming sheet material head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The extrusion foaming sheet material head is used
In prepare polyethylene terephthalate foaming sheet.
6. extrusion foaming sheet material head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The extrusion foaming sheet material head is used
In using supercritical carbon dioxide polymer foaming sheet is prepared for foaming agent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810017471.1A CN108215119A (en) | 2018-01-09 | 2018-01-09 | A kind of extrusion foaming sheet material head |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810017471.1A CN108215119A (en) | 2018-01-09 | 2018-01-09 | A kind of extrusion foaming sheet material head |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108215119A true CN108215119A (en) | 2018-06-29 |
Family
ID=62641459
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810017471.1A Pending CN108215119A (en) | 2018-01-09 | 2018-01-09 | A kind of extrusion foaming sheet material head |
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Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2936688Y (en) * | 2006-08-16 | 2007-08-22 | 南京法宁格挤塑保温隔热板有限公司 | Round arc mould for producing foamed plate |
| CN203901682U (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-10-29 | 精兴铁工厂有限公司 | Bi-color extrusion die head structure |
| CN205185193U (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-04-27 | 青岛鸿铭机械有限责任公司 | Circular foaming extrusion die |
| CN205889828U (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2017-01-18 | 南京欧格节能环保科技有限公司 | Extruded sheet broad width extrusion tooling |
| EP3127619A1 (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2017-02-08 | Cannon S.p.A. | Method, device and apparatus for dispensing polyurethane mixtures |
| CN106589571A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-04-26 | 宜诺包装（上海）股份有限公司 | Reinforced environment-friendly polyethylene foaming material and preparation process thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-01-09 CN CN201810017471.1A patent/CN108215119A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2936688Y (en) * | 2006-08-16 | 2007-08-22 | 南京法宁格挤塑保温隔热板有限公司 | Round arc mould for producing foamed plate |
| CN203901682U (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-10-29 | 精兴铁工厂有限公司 | Bi-color extrusion die head structure |
| EP3127619A1 (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2017-02-08 | Cannon S.p.A. | Method, device and apparatus for dispensing polyurethane mixtures |
| CN205185193U (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-04-27 | 青岛鸿铭机械有限责任公司 | Circular foaming extrusion die |
| CN205889828U (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2017-01-18 | 南京欧格节能环保科技有限公司 | Extruded sheet broad width extrusion tooling |
| CN106589571A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-04-26 | 宜诺包装（上海）股份有限公司 | Reinforced environment-friendly polyethylene foaming material and preparation process thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20190725 Address after: 245900 No. 16 Zijin Road, Circular Economy Park, Huizhou District, Anhui, Huangshan City Applicant after: Anhui Dongyuan New Materials Co., Ltd. Address before: 211111 Room 311, Building 6, Cuiping International City, No. 20 General Avenue, Quling Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province (Jiangning Development Zone) Applicant before: Nanjing Rui giant new material technology Co., Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20180629 |