CN1082122A - Efficient hydrogen electrolyzer - Google Patents
Efficient hydrogen electrolyzer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1082122A CN1082122A CN93101544A CN93101544A CN1082122A CN 1082122 A CN1082122 A CN 1082122A CN 93101544 A CN93101544 A CN 93101544A CN 93101544 A CN93101544 A CN 93101544A CN 1082122 A CN1082122 A CN 1082122A
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- hydrogen
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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Abstract
The present invention is made up of the oxygen room and the hydrogen chamber of adjacency before and after being, and is inlaid with copper, calcium electrode plate in the hydrogen chamber, and the upper and lower part is arcual, oxygen room's inner bottom part is an inclined-plane, be inlaid with Nickel Anode Plate on the inclined-plane, the top correspondence is equipped with the cathode web plate, and posticum is at the low side on inclined-plane.After electrolytic solution (water) carries water outlet nozzle ejection on the hydraulic pipe of magnetizing apparatus, arc inner wall, calcium negative plate surface along hydrogen chamber top, the arc inner wall of bottom, asbestos gauge, the inclined-plane of oxygen room's inner bottom part, Nickel Anode Plate, the arrival posticum flows out, electrolysis is spontaneous carrying out, electrolytic speed is fast, electrolytic efficiency is high, and the best is 93.85%, hydrogen purity 99.99%.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of electrolyzer of hydro-electrolytic hydroxide, particularly a kind of efficient hydrogen electrolyzer.
In the prior art, the electrolyzer of hydro-electrolytic hydroxide adopts left and right sides slot type structure, and most waters add acid or alkali is made the used electrolytic solution of hydro-electrolytic hydroxide, and poisonous, burn into pollutes, adds the electrolytic solution inconvenience.As CN1051401A, diaphragm assembly is arranged between the two-plate, during electrolysis, current consumption is big, electrolytic efficiency is 87%, and purity is also undesirable.CN1058052A and for example, though water as electrolytic solution, adopts left and right sides slot type structure, electrolytic solution flows to, flows out from the battery lead plate bottom, and electrolysis stream has been full of between two battery lead plates, and electrolytic efficiency is low, and only 65%.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nontoxic, pollution-free, energy consumption is low, hydrogen purity is high, electrolytic solution (water) is from top to bottom along a side flow, the efficient hydrogen electrolyzer that electrolytic speed is fast, electrolytic efficiency is high.
Technical solution of the present invention is: comprise battery lead plate, electrolytic solution (water), it is characterized in that it is made up of the oxygen room and the hydrogen chamber of adjacency before and after being, rear wall middle part in the described hydrogen chamber is inlaid with the calcium negative plate, the antetheca correspondence position is inlaid with parallel with the calcium negative plate and big or small identical copper anode plate, the hole that communicates with oxygen room is arranged below it, asbestos gauge is housed in the hole, the hydrogen chamber of copper anode plate one side has backed down the hydrogen overfolw hole, be positioned on the hydraulic pipe of hydrogen overfolw hole back magnetizing apparatus is housed, the water outlet nozzle of hydraulic pipe is in hydrogen chamber, spray to hydrogen chamber rear wall top to hydrogen chamber top present down spill garden arc arc inner wall and with its upper end tangential direction identical, the lower extreme point of the arc inner wall on the surface of calcium negative plate and hydrogen chamber top is tangent, tangent with the arc inner wall upper extreme point that spill garden arc is presented down to the asbestos gauge bottom of antetheca in hydrogen chamber rear wall bottom, seeing through asbestos gauge is foregoing oxygen room, its top has the oxygen overfolw hole, inner bottom part is low early and high after inclined-plane, be inlaid with Nickel Anode Plate on the inclined-plane smoothly, its length equates with the wide of calcium negative plate, the appearance of its wide and calcium negative plate etc., be equipped with and the identical cathode web plate of Nickel Anode Plate size abreast corresponding top, seeing through the cathode web plate is the top of oxygen room, the high-end asbestos gauge bottom that connects on inclined-plane, the low side on inclined-plane connects the bottom of the posticum that asbestos gauge is housed, posticum is in the front of oxygen room and have one at least, asbestos gauge, the top of posticum all is lower than the cathode web plate, the calcium negative plate, the cathode web plate connects the negative pole of external dc power by lead, copper anode plate, Nickel Anode Plate connects the positive pole of external dc power by lead.
Its feature is that also water outlet nozzle is a narrow slit nozzle, and the length of narrow slit is identical with the width of calcium negative plate.
Its feature is that also the garden arc of the arc inner wall of hydrogen chamber's internal upper part is 1/8 of garden, and radius is the distance between hydrogen chamber's two-plate, and the garden arc of the arc inner wall of bottom is 1/4 of garden in the hydrogen chamber, and radius is the distance between hydrogen chamber's two-plate.
Its feature is that also the arc inner wall of bottom is wavy arc inner wall in the hydrogen chamber, and wave height and wave space are 1/8 of current thickness.
Its feature is that also the hydraulic pipe that is positioned at hydrogen overfolw hole back has two hydraulic pipe branches that magnetizing apparatus is housed at least, they are transversely evenly distributed and parallel with the calcium negative plate, through behind the magnetizing apparatus, each hydraulic pipe branch is parallel to be compiled and the five equilibrium water outlet nozzle, the S utmost point in each magnetizing apparatus is in the left side, and the N utmost point is on the right side.
Its feature is that also its oblique angle, inclined-plane of oxygen room's inner bottom part is 30 °.
Its feature is that also the calcium negative plate is a suction pouring last layer calcium metal on a copper coin, and thickness is 1/2 odd-multiple of its absorption spectrum wavelength, and Nickel Anode Plate is evenly to plate one deck sponge nickel on a copper-base, and thickness is 1/2 odd-multiple of its absorption spectrum wavelength.
Its feature is that also electrolytic solution is common normal-temperature water, electrolytic solution (water) is after the water outlet nozzle ejection, form a thin water layer, arc inner wall, calcium negative plate surface, the arc inner wall of hydrogen chamber bottom, asbestos gauge, oxygen room inner bottom part inclined-plane, Nickel Anode Plate surface along hydrogen chamber's internal upper part, arrive posticum and flow out electrolyzer, in electrolyzer, do not store.
Its feature is that also the calcium negative plate can change the magnesium negative plate into, and electrolytic solution is to be lower than 80 ℃ common hot water.
When its feature is that also each lead and each pole plate join, have two tie points at least.
Behind the magnetizing apparatus on electrolytic solution (water) the process hydraulic pipe, under the effect of magnetic field force, fetch boiling water hydrogen bond between the molecule, make water molecules lose dipole-dipole force, inductive capacity and London force with electric dipole moment, water sepn by large group becomes one water molecules, after the water outlet nozzle ejection, and the arc-shaped electric field that enters the parallel plate electric field outside of forming by copper anode plate and calcium negative plate, the magnetic line of force that cutting power line and magnetizing apparatus produce, OH in the current
-, H
+Be subjected to electrical forces, magnetic field force effect, H
+Move all towards the calcium negative plate, and to it, arrive calcium negative plate surface, with the spontaneous electron exchange of carrying out of calcium atom, electrolysis goes out hydrogen.OH
-Move to the copper anode plate direction, arrive water surface, make current, eliminated because H laterally producing internal turbulence
+Concentration reduces and the concentration difference polarization of generation.Because the effect of electrical source voltage makes the calcium negative plate provide electronics by power cathode.Current through calcium negative plate surface after, flow to the arc inner wall below it, arrive asbestos gauge, finished the first step electrolysis like this.Current arrive second parallel plate electric field being made up of Nickel Anode Plate and copper-base web plate by behind the asbestos gauge, under the effect of electrical forces, and OH
-Draw close to Nickel Anode Plate.Since the effect of electromotive force between parallel plate, OH
-Be subjected to the electromotive force effect greater than the oxygen decomposition voltage, begin discharge, produce oxygen, ejected electron after Nickel Anode Plate is accepted electronics, is subjected to the effect of electrical source voltage, and electronics flows back to positive source rapidly, has finished second one-step electrolysis like this.With the first step electrolysis acting in conjunction conducting positive and negative electrode of power supply, produced the loop line.Owing to the continuous flow of water, also just produced the continuous electrolysis process of water.
The invention has the advantages that: 1, battery lead plate material selection calcium, magnesium, copper, nickel, nontoxic, "dead", pollution-free with the water effect, electrolysis is spontaneous carrying out, and reduces decomposition voltage and overpotential, saves energy, electrolysis effectiveness is good, and price is more cheap.2, electrolytic solution (water) is after the water outlet nozzle ejection, arc inner wall, calcium negative plate surface, the arc inner wall of bottom, asbestos gauge, the inclined-plane of oxygen room's inner bottom part, Nickel Anode Plate surface, arrival posticum along hydrogen chamber top flow out, be from top to bottom along a side continuous flow, in electrolyzer, do not store, be beneficial to control, can be with using with electrolysis, safe, overcome water temperature to a certain extent and raise and cause electrolyzing rate to reduce.3, electrolytic speed is fast, electrolytic efficiency is high, energy consumption is low.In the first step electrolytic process, because electrolysis is spontaneously to carry out OH
-Concentration continues to increase, and hydrogen solubility constantly reduces, and the inner transverse turbulent flow of current and flowing longitudinally, has accelerated electrolytic speed, accelerated hydrogen molecule in conjunction with speed and overflow speed, eliminated the decomposition voltage and the overpotential of hydrogen molecule.In the second one-step electrolysis process, OH
-The electric field that the volts lost of discharge process is made up of Nickel Anode Plate and cathode web plate provides, and has eliminated the volts lost in the electric loop that produces owing to separating out of oxygen.Again because copper anode plate, calcium negative plate and Nickel Anode Plate, the cathode web plate is to be connected in parallel on the same power supply, has same potential, and not between parallel plate by the solution conducting, just do not produce electric current yet, only provide electrolysis required electromotive force, thereby do not exist in the circuit that makes flow and produce because of electrolysis and go out hydrogen, oxygen and the potential drop that produces, overcome the bath voltage of prior art electrolyzer to a certain extent, have only the calcium negative plate in the whole loop line and connect lead, Nickel Anode Plate and connection lead, power supply, the potential drop that these internal resistances produce, when being connected with each pole plate owing to each lead again, have two tie points at least, be equivalent to a pole plate is divided into several, total electrical resistance is original part, thereby has reduced the idle work that power supply is done, and improves electrolytic efficiency, saves energy, be 1/3 to 1/4 of prior art energy consumption, best electrolytic efficiency is 93.85%.4, the electric energy of Jie Yueing has: (1) adopts fetch boiling water hydrogen bond between the molecule of the magnetizing apparatus on the hydraulic pipe, has eliminated water molecules and has lost the required energy of dipole-dipole force, inductive capacity, London force, accelerates electrolysis.(2) the required energy of the decomposition voltage of hydrogen, oxygen and overpotential.(3) electrolytic solution (water) flows from top to bottom, eliminates directed required energy, the energy of elimination concentration difference polarization consumption of moving of water intermediate ion.(4) because current are thin, the bound energy that is difficult for hydrogen molecule is produced scatters and disappears, and water molecules ionization, conserve energy can be provided rapidly.5, because water outlet nozzle adopts and the narrow slit nozzle of the same width of calcium negative plate, and making water layer is skim, the electrolysis area is big, electrolytic efficiency is high.6, hydrogen chamber's internal upper part adopts arc inner wall, and spraying to of electrolytic solution (water) is identical with the tangential direction of its upper end, helps water cutting power line and magnetic line of force, be beneficial to the water generates magnetic polarization, and making current enter calcium negative plate when surface, velocity reversal is in parallel, does not damage its surface.Arc inner wall is also adopted in the bottom in the hydrogen chamber, makes current arrive asbestos gauge smoothly and also can slow down, and has prevented that current from splashing, and produces water smoke, causes OH between battery lead plate
-Emit oxygen, mix appearance with hydrogen dangerous, adopts wavy arc inner wall, is to reduce flow velocity before making current arrive asbestos gauge, prevents that the back punctures asbestos gauge for a long time, is more conducive to hydrogen and overflows from current.7, adopt oxygen room and hydrogen chamber, hydrogen, oxygen need not separate, the safety performance height, and hydrogen purity reaches 99.99%.8, can be by flow velocity that changes current or the voltage that changes external power source, with need control electrolytic speed.9, volume is little, in light weight, easy to manufacture, of many uses.
Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention
Fig. 2 is a left view of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a vertical view of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the A-A view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the B-B view of Fig. 4.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, at first use solidified epoxy casting resin general frame, its inside is divided into two chambers, and promptly oxygen room (1), hydrogen chamber (2), oxygen room (1) divide upper and lower two-layer.A calcium negative plate (3) is inlayed at the middle part of rear wall in hydrogen chamber (2), the antetheca correspondence position is inlayed parallel with calcium negative plate (3) and identical with its a size copper anode plate (4), one rectangular opening that communicates with oxygen room (1) is arranged in its lower end, asbestos gauge (9) is housed in the hole, it is the arc inner wall (18) that distance between hydrogen chamber (2) two-plate is presented down 1/8 garden arc of spill that radius is made at hydrogen chamber (2) interior rear wall top to top, chamber, it is distance between hydrogen chamber (2) two-plate that radius is made in rear wall bottom to asbestos gauge (9) bottom, present down 1/4 garden arc of spill and be with wavy arc inner wall (19), wave height and wave space are 1/8 of current thickness.Arc inner wall (18) lower extreme point on the surface of calcium negative plate (3) and hydrogen chamber (2) top is tangent, and is tangent with the upper extreme point of lower curved inwall (19).Have an orthogonal hydrogen overfolw hole (5) at the top of copper anode plate (4) one sides, hole wide be between hydrogen chamber (2) two-plate distance 1/4, longly be 1/2 of hydrogen chamber (2) width.Outside the hole, preferably connect the piston of bleeding, be beneficial to overflowing fast of hydrogen.Be installed with in the back of hydrogen overfolw hole (5) and be with three magnetizing apparatuss (7) hydraulic pipe ramose hydraulic pipes (6), three magnetizing apparatuss (7) are fixed on outside hydrogen chamber (2) top, they are laterally evenly distributed and parallel with calcium negative plate (3), the S utmost point in each magnetizing apparatus (7) is contained in the left side of hydraulic pipe branch outside, and the N utmost point is contained in the right.The roof of hydrogen chamber (2) passes in three branches of hydraulic pipe (6), enter in the hydrogen chamber (2), be parallel to each other and be connected on the stainless steel tube and its length of five equilibrium, the two ends of stainless steel tube are shut, open a narrow slit (20) on the sidewall, the length of narrow slit (20) is the same with calcium negative plate (3) width, make water spray to hydrogen chamber (2) top arc inner wall (18) and with its upper end tangential direction identical, water outlet nozzle (8) has just been made.Open at the top of oxygen room (1) one with the oxygen overfolw hole (10) of the identical size of hydrogen overfolw hole (5), preferably connect the piston of bleeding outside the hole, with maintenance hydrogen chamber (2), oxygen room (1) pressure equilibrium, its speed of evacuation is 1/2 of the last velocity of piston of bleeding.Oxygen room (1) inner bottom part is the high-end bottom that connects asbestos gauge (9), and low side connects the inclined-plane of the bottom of the posticum (13) that asbestos gauge is housed, and posticum (13) is a garden shape, has three, drives in oxygen room (1) front.The oblique angle, inclined-plane is 30 °, be inlaid with a Nickel Anode Plate (11) on the inclined-plane smoothly, its wide equating long and calcium negative plate (3), the appearance of its wide and calcium negative plate (3) etc., the in succession bottom of asbestos gauge (9) of its end, parallel with it and big or small identical copper-base web plate (12) is housed in one deck inwall above it, seeing through cathode web plate (12) is the top of oxygen room (1), and the top of asbestos gauge (9), posticum (13) all is lower than the face at cathode web plate (12) place.Lead (14) is connected on the side of copper anode plate (4), lead (16) is connected on the back side of Nickel Anode Plate (11), link to each other with the positive pole of external dc power respectively, lead (15) is connected on the back side of calcium negative plate (3), lead (17) is connected on the side of cathode web plate (12), links to each other with the negative pole of external dc power respectively.When each lead is connected with each pole plate, three tie points are arranged all.
When calcium negative plate (3) is installed, need blanketing with inert gas, after having made, also need in electrolyzer, to annotate a certain amount of protection of inert gas.If use the magnesium negative plate, only need made and charge into certain protection of inert gas behind the electrolyzer and get final product.
Outside of the present invention is protected with metal casing.
Schedule of operation: during use, connect power supply earlier,, begin water spray again to behind the certain electromotive force of each pole plate.When stopping using, cut off the water earlier, 5-10 cuts off the electricity supply after second again.
External dc power voltage can be tending towards 0 volt below 0.8842 volt.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of efficient hydrogen electrolyzer, comprise battery lead plate, electrolytic solution (water), it is characterized in that it is made up of the oxygen room (1) and the hydrogen chamber (2) of adjacency before and after being, rear wall middle part in the described hydrogen chamber (2) is inlaid with calcium negative plate (3), the antetheca correspondence position is inlaid with and big or small identical copper anode plate (4) parallel with calcium negative plate (3), the hole that communicates with oxygen room (1) is arranged below it, asbestos gauge (9) is housed in the hole, the hydrogen chamber (2) of copper anode plate (4) one sides has backed down hydrogen overfolw hole (5), be positioned on the hydraulic pipe (6) of hydrogen overfolw hole (5) back magnetizing apparatus (7) is housed, the water outlet nozzle (8) of hydraulic pipe (6) is in hydrogen chamber (2), spray to hydrogen chamber (2) rear wall top present down to the top, chamber spill garden arc arc inner wall (18) and with its upper end tangential direction identical, the lower extreme point of the arc inner wall (18) on the surface of calcium negative plate (3) and hydrogen chamber (2) top is tangent, arc inner wall (19) upper extreme point of presenting down spill garden arc with hydrogen chamber (2) rear wall bottom to asbestos gauge (9) bottom is tangent, seeing through asbestos gauge (9) is foregoing oxygen room (1), its top has oxygen overfolw hole (10), inner bottom part is low early and high after inclined-plane, be inlaid with Nickel Anode Plate (11) on the inclined-plane smoothly, wide and appearance of its long and wide and calcium negative plate (3) etc., be equipped with and the identical cathode web plate (12) of nickel cathode plate (11) size abreast corresponding top, seeing through cathode web plate (12) is the top of oxygen room (1), high-end asbestos gauge (9) bottom that connects on inclined-plane, the low side on inclined-plane connects the bottom of the posticum (13) that asbestos gauge is housed, posticum (13) is in the front of oxygen room (1) and have one at least, asbestos gauge (9), the top of posticum (13) all is lower than cathode web plate (12), calcium negative plate (3) is by lead (15), cathode web plate (12) connects the negative pole of external dc power by lead (17), and copper anode plate (4) is by lead (14), Nickel Anode Plate (11) connects the positive pole of external dc power by lead (16).
2, efficient hydrogen electrolyzer according to claim 1 is characterized in that water outlet nozzle (8) is a narrow slit nozzle, and the length of narrow slit (20) is identical with the width of calcium negative plate (3).
3, efficient hydrogen electrolyzer according to claim 1, the garden arc that it is characterized in that the arc inner wall (18) of hydrogen chamber (2) internal upper part is 1/8 of garden, radius is the distance between hydrogen chamber (2) two-plate, the garden arc of the arc inner wall (19) of the interior bottom of hydrogen chamber (2) is 1/4 of garden, and radius is the distance between hydrogen chamber (2) two-plate.
4, according to claim 1 or 3 described efficient hydrogen electrolyzers, it is characterized in that the arc inner wall (19) of the interior bottom of hydrogen chamber (2) is wavy arc inner wall, wave height and wave space are 1/8 of current thickness.
5, efficient hydrogen electrolyzer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that the hydraulic pipe (6) that is positioned at hydrogen overfolw hole (5) back has two hydraulic pipe branches that magnetizing apparatus (7) is housed at least, they are transversely evenly distributed and parallel with calcium negative plate (3), behind magnetizing apparatus (7), each hydraulic pipe branch is parallel to be compiled and five equilibrium water outlet nozzle (8), the S utmost point in each magnetizing apparatus (7) is in the left side, and the N utmost point is on the right side.
6, efficient hydrogen electrolyzer according to claim 1 is characterized in that its oblique angle, inclined-plane of oxygen room (1) inner bottom part is 30 °.
7, efficient hydrogen electrolyzer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that calcium negative plate (3) is a suction pouring last layer calcium metal on a copper coin, thickness is 1/2 odd-multiple of its absorption spectrum wavelength, Nickel Anode Plate (11) is evenly to plate one deck sponge nickel on a copper coin, and thickness is 1/2 odd-multiple of its absorption spectrum wavelength.
8, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described efficient hydrogen electrolyzers, it is characterized in that electrolytic solution is common normal-temperature water, electrolytic solution (water) is after water outlet nozzle (8) ejection, form a thin water layer, arc inner wall (18), calcium negative plate (3) surface, the arc inner wall (19) of hydrogen chamber (2) bottom, asbestos gauge (9), oxygen room (1) inner bottom part inclined-plane, Nickel Anode Plate (11) surface along hydrogen chamber (2) internal upper part, arrive posticum (13) and flow out electrolyzer, electrolytic solution (water) is not stored in electrolyzer.
9, efficient hydrogen electrolyzer according to claim 1 is characterized in that calcium negative plate (3) can change the magnesium negative plate into, and electrolytic solution is to be lower than 80 ℃ common hot water.
10,, when it is characterized in that each lead and each pole plate join, have two tie points at least according to claim 1 or 9 described efficient hydrogen electrolyzers.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93101544A CN1082122A (en) | 1993-02-11 | 1993-02-11 | Efficient hydrogen electrolyzer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93101544A CN1082122A (en) | 1993-02-11 | 1993-02-11 | Efficient hydrogen electrolyzer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1082122A true CN1082122A (en) | 1994-02-16 |
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ID=4983640
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93101544A Pending CN1082122A (en) | 1993-02-11 | 1993-02-11 | Efficient hydrogen electrolyzer |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1082122A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109621862A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2019-04-16 | 卡特国际有限责任公司 | The method for generating hydrogen |
-
1993
- 1993-02-11 CN CN93101544A patent/CN1082122A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109621862A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2019-04-16 | 卡特国际有限责任公司 | The method for generating hydrogen |
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