CN108211688B - Organic waste gas purification system and waste gas purification method - Google Patents
Organic waste gas purification system and waste gas purification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108211688B CN108211688B CN201810209072.5A CN201810209072A CN108211688B CN 108211688 B CN108211688 B CN 108211688B CN 201810209072 A CN201810209072 A CN 201810209072A CN 108211688 B CN108211688 B CN 108211688B
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/44—Organic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
- B01D2259/818—Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The application relates to an organic waste gas purification system and a waste gas purification method, wherein the purification system comprises a gas-water mixer and a gas-water separator which is positioned at the lower side of the gas-water mixer and is communicated with the gas-water mixer, the gas-water mixer is provided with a waste gas inlet, the upper side of the gas-water mixer is provided with at least one waste gas plasma processor, the purification system also comprises a sealer, the waste gas plasma processor is sealed in the sealer, and the sealer is communicated with the gas-water mixer. The sealing device for the purification system is used for isolating the discharge area of the high-voltage discharge electrode from the environment, and purifying VOCs possibly brought into the sealing chamber by external air flow entering the sealing device, so that accidents caused by high-voltage discharge are prevented, and active species such as ozone and the like generated by the high-voltage discharge electrode are recovered.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to an organic waste gas purifying system and a waste gas purifying method.
Background
With the rapid development of national economy in China, particularly the development of chemical industry and manufacturing industry, the industrial emission sources and emission amounts of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are continuously increased. Waste gas containing organic solvents such as dimethylbenzene, methylbenzene, ethyl acetate, butanone and the like is often generated in the surface spraying process; large amounts of different malodorous waste gases are discharged in the processes of organic chemical synthesis, petroleum refining and the like, and organic compounds (VOCs) with low boiling point and high volatility are often contained in the malodorous waste gases, so that the malodorous waste gases are toxic, flammable and explosive. VOCs not only have stimulation and toxic action on human bodies, but also have mutagenic substances and carcinogens. Meanwhile, once olefin and some aromatic compounds in VOCs enter the environment, the olefin and some aromatic compounds are exposed to sunlight, and can react with nitrogen oxides to form los Angeles photochemical smog or industrial photochemical smog, so that secondary pollution is caused, and haze is formed. Therefore, environmental pollution of VOCs exhaust gas after dust removal, desulfurization, denitration and motor vehicle pollution control has become a problem to be solved urgently in the field of current atmospheric pollution control. There is an urgent need to develop an industrial waste gas purifying technology and device with high efficiency, cleanliness, wide application range and low operation cost.
The plasma technology is applied to the treatment of the VOCs waste gas, and has become the focus research direction of the treatment of the VOCs waste gas in recent years and the related technical achievements are successfully applied to the actual treatment of the VOCs waste gas because the process does not need to add any chemical reagent, the treatment process is simple and has good effect, the comprehensive operation cost is lower, and the like. Single plasma VOCs exhaust gas direct treatment technology has been developed; the plasma catalytic oxidation technology comprises a catalyst placed in a discharge area or a synergic catalytic oxidation technology placed at the rear end of the discharge area; in addition, there are combinations of plasma technology and other exhaust gas treatment technologies. Since the plasma is generated by applying a high voltage between the electrode pairs to discharge the gas filled therebetween and ionizing the same, the breakdown of the gas layer forms an electrically neutral gas "plasma" generated by the stable discharge process, which includes a large number of active species such as various radicals, high energy electrons, etc. Therefore, the direct and efficient oxidation purification of VOCs in the air flow can be realized by utilizing the air discharge plasma technology. But also because of the safety hazards of ignition, fire or explosion during the treatment of VOCs off-gas with plasma technology. Therefore, the plasma treatment technique reported in the prior art is only suitable for treating the gas inlet concentration lower than 1000mg/m 3 VOCs off-gas of (C); at the same time, by-products such as ozone and NO are generated in the plasma treatment process X Nitrate or organic intermediate products such as tar and the like remain in the tail gas to form new secondary pollution; or the generated nitrate, secondary organic matters and the like are adsorbed or deposited on the surface of the catalyst by the catalyst, so that the catalyst is deactivated, and the plasma synergistic catalytic oxidation effect is reduced, and the maintenance and operation costs are increased. Therefore, these problems are still technical problems that are to be solved in order to limit the application of the plasma technology in the field of industrial VOCs waste gas treatment.
The method breaks through the application technical bottlenecks of the plasma treatment technology, such as secondary pollution caused by low concentration of applicable organic waste gas and generated byproducts; meanwhile, in the process of generating plasmas by utilizing dielectric barrier discharge, when an outer layer metal material of a discharge barrier medium is used as a high-voltage discharge electrode, when a higher voltage is applied to the electrode, electric sparks are generated at the edge (such as a metal foil) or all (such as a stainless steel mesh) of the electrode, air near the electrode is ionized, a large amount of plasmas (such as ozone) are generated and dissipated into the air of an operation environment, so that the air pollution of the operation space is caused, and the health of related personnel is influenced; if the plasma waste gas treatment device is arranged in a relatively open space, the air discharge of the high-voltage electrode and the generated electric spark can bring great potential safety hazard to the production of enterprises. This is another problem to be solved by the plasma exhaust treatment process. In addition, there are often multiple, even tens, emissions sources of VOCs per enterprise, and the processes are in most cases not operated simultaneously, with emissions of VOCs off-gas. Therefore, in order to save energy consumption in the process of waste gas treatment, reduce operation treatment cost and ensure normal production requirements, a new requirement is put on the design of a process system for waste gas treatment in the process of waste gas collection and treatment.
Content of the application
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides the dielectric barrier discharge plasma organic waste gas purifying system and the waste gas purifying method, which are efficient and clean, wide in organic waste gas concentration range, low in comprehensive operation cost, safe in process and flexible in operation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides an organic waste gas purifying system, which comprises a gas-water mixer and a gas-water separator which is positioned at the lower side of the gas-water mixer and is communicated with the gas-water mixer, wherein the gas-water mixer is provided with a waste gas inlet, at least one waste gas plasma processor is arranged at the upper side of the gas-water mixer, the waste gas plasma processor comprises a first pipeline, a second pipeline positioned in the first pipeline and a high-voltage electrode attached to the outer wall of the first pipeline, the lower end of the first pipeline is communicated with the gas-water mixer, the lower end of the second pipeline is communicated with the gas-water separator, the upper end of the second pipeline is provided with a water distributor, the water distributor is used for enabling water in the second pipeline to flow to the outer wall of the second pipeline, a water film layer flowing downwards is formed on the outer wall of the second pipeline, the first pipeline and the second pipeline are supplied to the lower part of the second pipeline to form a sealing area through the gas-water separator, and the sealing area is communicated with the waste gas purifier, and the sealing area is further sealed. In a preferred embodiment, the first conduit and the second conduit are coaxially arranged.
Preferably, the sealer is communicated with the air-water mixer through an ozone induced draft tube, the ozone induced draft tube is provided with an ozone induced draft tube for conveying the air in the sealer into the air-water mixer, the sealer is also provided with a vent communicated with the external environment, and the vent is provided with a VOCs filter.
Preferably, the upper end of the first pipeline is further provided with a demisting and refluxing device, the demisting and refluxing device is used for removing moisture in waste gas in the discharge area and enabling the moisture in the waste gas to flow to the outer wall of the second pipeline, the first pipeline is made of quartz or ceramic materials, the second pipeline is made of conductive corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel materials, the second pipeline is a grounding electrode, and the high-voltage electrode is a stainless steel mesh tightly attached to the outer wall of the first pipeline.
Preferably, the upper end part of the first pipeline of the exhaust gas plasma processor is communicated with an induced draft pipe, the induced draft pipe is further provided with an induced draft fan, and the induced draft pipe is formed by processing corrosion-resistant and non-conductive organic materials such as PP.
Preferably, the lower end of the second pipeline of the exhaust gas plasma processor is connected with the gas-water separator through a water pipeline, and the water pipeline is also provided with a water pump for conveying the liquid in the gas-water separator into the second pipeline.
Preferably, the exhaust gas plasma processor further comprises an intermediate frequency high voltage power supply, the high voltage electrode is connected with the high voltage electrode of the intermediate frequency high voltage power supply, and the second pipeline is connected with the grounding electrode of the intermediate frequency high voltage power supply.
Preferably, the purification system further comprises a liquid level sensor arranged in the gas-water separator, a gas monitoring sensor arranged at an air outlet of the exhaust gas plasma processor, and an automatic water supplementing device for supplementing water into the gas-water separator.
The application also provides an exhaust gas purifying method using the organic exhaust gas purifying system, the purifying method comprising the steps of:
(1) Firstly, water in a gas-water separator is conveyed into a second pipeline by a water pump, water flow entering the second pipeline flows into a water distributor from bottom to top to flow back along the outer wall of the second pipeline to form a vertical downward water film layer, and the water film layer passes through the gas-water mixer under the action of gravity and falls into the gas-water separator;
(2) Starting a high-voltage power supply, forming a high-voltage discharge area between the first pipeline and the second pipeline, and discharging the water film layer passing through the discharge area at high voltage;
(3) Then, starting an induced draft fan to enable waste gas to enter the gas-water mixer from the waste gas inlet, mixing the VOCs waste gas with discharged deionized water in the gas-water mixer, fully absorbing the waste gas after pre-oxidation, enabling the water solution absorbing the VOCs to flow into the gas-water separator by gravity to perform gas-water separation, enabling the rising waste gas flow after water absorption to enter a discharge area of a waste gas plasma processor to perform plasma oxidation treatment, and enabling the waste gas flow to be further absorbed at an interface of discharge water;
(4) And starting an ozone induced draft fan, and conveying waste gas generated in the sealer into the gas-water mixer through an ozone induced draft pipe.
Preferably, the purification method further comprises the step (5), wherein the treated air flow is subjected to mist interception and removal through a mist removal reflux device arranged at the upper end of the waste gas plasma processor, and the generated defogging water containing secondary pollutants in plasma treatment and the water film on the outer layer of the second pipeline flow in parallel and then flow back to the air-water mixer for recycling.
Preferably, the volume ratio of gas to water in the gas-water mixer is 2-100.
The organic waste gas purifying system comprises one or more waste gas plasma processors, and in the gas-water mixer, VOCs waste gas is mixed with discharged deionized water and fully absorbed after pre-oxidation, so that the concentration of VOCs in gas phase is reduced, and the risk of fire and explosion caused by high concentration of the gas phase VOCs in the discharging process is avoided. The treated air flow is subjected to mist drop interception and removal through a mist removal reflux device arranged at the upper end of the waste gas plasma processor, and the generated mist removal water containing secondary pollutants in plasma treatment and the water film on the outer layer of the second pipeline flow in parallel and then flow back to the air-water mixer for recycling. Therefore, the safe and efficient treatment of the high-concentration VOCs waste gas by fully utilizing the ozone, hydrogen peroxide and other secondary active products (such as nitrogen oxides and the like) which are not fully utilized and are generated by the double-dielectric barrier high-voltage discharge is realized, the allowable air inlet concentration when the waste gas is safely treated by the conventional plasma technology is expanded, and meanwhile, the secondary environmental pollution problem caused by the emission of the ozone, the nitrogen oxides and the organic byproducts formed in the direct plasma treatment process can be effectively solved. In addition, the sealer for the purification system isolates the discharge area of the high-voltage discharge electrode from the environment, and simultaneously purifies VOCs possibly brought into the sealing chamber by external air flow entering the sealer, so as to prevent accidents caused by high-voltage discharge and recover active species such as ozone generated by high-voltage discharge.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an organic exhaust gas purifying system according to the present application;
figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in figure 1,
wherein: 11. an induced draft fan; 12. an air guiding pipe; 2. a gas-water mixer; 21. an exhaust gas inlet; 3. a gas-water separator; 31. a water pump; 4. an exhaust gas plasma processor; 41. a high voltage electrode; 42. a first pipe; 43. a second conduit (ground electrode); 44. a medium-frequency high-voltage power supply; 7. a water distributor; 6. demisting reflux device; 9. an instrument control system; 8. a water film layer; 5. a sealer; 51. VOCs filters; 52. an ozone induced draft fan; 53. ozone air guiding pipe.
Detailed Description
The present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting, so that those skilled in the art will better understand the application and practice it.
As shown in the figure, the present application provides an organic exhaust gas purification system, the purification system comprises a gas-water mixer 2, and a gas-water separator 3 located at the lower side of the gas-water mixer 2 and connected to the gas-water mixer 2, the gas-water mixer 2 is provided with an exhaust gas inlet 21, the upper side of the gas-water mixer 2 is provided with at least one exhaust gas plasma processor 4, the exhaust gas plasma processor 4 comprises a first pipeline 42, a second pipeline 43 located in the first pipeline 42, a high-voltage electrode 41 attached to the outer wall of the first pipeline 42, the lower end of the first pipeline 42 is connected to the gas-water mixer 2, the lower end of the second pipeline 43 is connected to the gas-water separator 3, the upper end of the second pipeline 43 is provided with a water distributor 7, the water distributor 7 is used for distributing water in the second pipeline 43 to the outer wall of the second pipeline 43, the second pipeline 43 forms a high-voltage electrode 41 attached to the outer wall of the first pipeline 42, the lower end of the first pipeline 42 is connected to the gas-water separator 2, the lower end of the second pipeline 43 forms a sealing region 5, and the exhaust gas is connected to the exhaust gas purifier 5 via the lower pipeline 5, and the exhaust gas plasma processor is further connected to the sealing region 5. In a preferred embodiment, the first conduit 42 and the second conduit 43 are coaxially disposed. The sealing device 5 is communicated with the air-water mixer 2 through an ozone air guiding pipe 53, an ozone induced draft fan 52 for conveying the air in the sealing device 5 to the air-water mixer 2 is arranged on the ozone air guiding pipe 53, a vent hole communicated with the external environment is further formed in the sealing device 5, and a VOCs filter 51 is arranged at the vent hole. The upper end of the first pipeline 42 is further provided with a demisting and refluxing device 6, the demisting and refluxing device 6 is used for removing moisture in waste gas in a discharge area and enabling the moisture in the waste gas to flow to the outer wall of the second pipeline 43, the first pipeline 42 is made of quartz or ceramic materials, the second pipeline 43 is made of conductive corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel materials, the second pipeline 43 is a grounding electrode, and the high-voltage electrode 41 is a stainless steel mesh clung to the outer wall of the first pipeline 42. The upper end part of the first pipeline 42 of the exhaust gas plasma processor 4 is communicated with an induced draft pipe 12, the induced draft pipe 12 is also provided with an induced draft fan 11, and the induced draft pipe 12 is formed by processing corrosion-resistant and non-conductive organic materials such as PP. The lower end of the second pipe 43 of the exhaust gas plasma processor 4 is connected to the gas-water separator 3 through a water pipe, and the water pipe is further provided with a water pump 31 for conveying the liquid in the gas-water separator 3 into the second pipe 43. As shown in fig. 2, the exhaust gas plasma processor 4 further includes an intermediate frequency high voltage power supply 44, the high voltage electrode 41 is connected to the high voltage electrode 41 of the intermediate frequency high voltage power supply 44, and the second pipe 43 is connected to the ground electrode of the intermediate frequency high voltage power supply 44. The purification system also comprises a liquid level sensor arranged in the gas-water separator 3, a gas monitoring sensor arranged at the air outlet of the waste gas plasma processor 4 and an automatic water supplementing device for supplementing water into the gas-water separator 3.
The working principle of the organic waste gas purifying system provided by the application is as follows: according to the current situation of the emission source of VOCs waste gas and the maximum value of the total amount of the emission waste gas, selecting a set of waste gas collecting and conveying system consisting of an explosion-proof induced draft fan 11 matched with the maximum air quantity and a pipeline, regulating the real-time air quantity of the induced draft fan 11 by utilizing a frequency converter, and collecting and conveying the waste gas generated by the relevant VOCs emission source into an air-water mixer 2 in a waste gas treatment device; according to the actual collection air quantity of the VOCs waste gas, starting a certain number of waste gas plasma processors 4, and dissolving the VOCs in the waste gas into the discharged deionized water according to a certain air/water ratio; the aqueous solution that absorbs VOCs then flows by gravity from the stream into the gas-water separator 3 for gas/water separation. The aqueous solution in the gas-water separator 3 is pumped by a water pump 31 into the ground electrode of the opened second pipe 43 in the discharge-gas plasma processor 4. The exhaust gas plasma processor 4 has a plurality of groups, each discharge tube (first tube 42) uses a quartz tube or a ceramic tube as a high-voltage discharge blocking medium, and uses a 60-mesh stainless steel mesh to be tightly attached to the outer layer of the discharge tube as a high-voltage electrode 41. The water flow entering the stainless steel pipe grounding electrode flows from bottom to top to a water distributor 7 arranged at the top end of the stainless steel pipe grounding electrode, forms a water film layer 8 vertically downwards along the outer wall of the electrode, enters a high-voltage discharge area of a working electrode of the waste gas plasma processor 4 opposite to the ascending air flow for plasma oxidation treatment, and is further absorbed at the interface of the discharge water. The treated air flow then intercepts and releases fog drops through a defogging reflux device 6 arranged at the upper end of each plasma discharge tube (a first pipeline 42); the generated defogging water containing secondary pollutants treated by the plasmas and the outer water film of the electrode flow in parallel and then flow back to the gas-water mixer 2 for recycling. Meanwhile, a PP plate is used as a high-voltage electrode 41 discharge area sealer 5 outside the stainless steel net high-voltage electrode 41 of the waste gas plasma processor 4 to isolate a discharge area from the external environment; and an ozone induced draft fan 52 is used for introducing active species such as ozone generated by the discharge of the working high-voltage electrode 41 in the discharge area sealer 5 into the air inlet main pipe to pre-oxidize VOCs in the exhaust gas. Thus, the safe and efficient treatment of the high-concentration VOCs waste gas by fully utilizing the ozone, hydrogen peroxide and other secondary active products (such as nitrogen oxides and the like) which are not fully utilized and are simultaneously generated by the double-dielectric barrier high-voltage discharge of a plurality of groups of water films/quartz tubes and the ozone and the like generated by the discharge of the outer-layer high-voltage electrode 41 is realized. The technical system expands the allowable air inlet concentration range when the prior plasma technology safely processes waste gas, and effectively solves the problem of secondary environmental pollution caused by the emission of ozone, nitrogen oxides and organic byproducts formed in the direct plasma processing process; meanwhile, the potential safety hazard problem possibly caused by the discharge of the high-voltage electrode 41 can be effectively solved; and can fully utilize active species generated by the discharge of the high-voltage electrode 41 to promote the purification efficiency of the exhaust VOCs.
The structure of the organic waste gas treatment system, the specific operation process and main technical parameters thereof are as follows:
according to the maximum discharge flow of VOCs waste gas, 1 explosion-proof induced draft fan 11 with matched air volume and air pressure and an induced draft pipe 12 processed by corrosion-resistant PP or PVC materials are selected to form a collection, transportation and discharge system of waste gas to be treated; and the frequency converter is used for adjusting the real-time air quantity of the induced draft fan 11. And the flange is connected with related equipment for treating the waste gas, and the tail gas treatment device is connected with an emission chimney in a sealing way. A set of gas-water mixer 2 which meets the requirement of a certain gas-water ratio and can meet the size required by the design quantity of the installed discharge tubes is processed by adopting materials such as corrosion-resistant and non-conductive PP or PVC. The intake air amount of each discharge tube is controlled to be the same intake air amount by a flow meter. The working water of the gas-water mixer 2 is deionized water, and is used for fully pre-oxidizing and transferring mass of the VOCs waste gas in the gas-water mixer 2 and fully absorbing the VOCs components in the waste gas in the discharge process, so that the concentration of the VOCs in the gas phase is reduced, and the risks of fire and explosion caused by high concentration of the VOCs in the gas phase in the discharge process are avoided; and promotes the deep oxidation and degradation process of the plasma generated by the discharge on the organic matters in the liquid phase. Below the gas-water mixer 2 is a gas-water separator 3 of suitable volume size mounted in a sealed manner thereto, as required by the design head. The discharged water solution which fully absorbs the exhaust gas VOCs in the gas-water mixer 2 can smoothly flow into the gas-water separator 3 by gravity, and the exhaust gas absorbed by the discharged water directly enters the corresponding plasma oxidation processor from the upper outlet of the gas-water mixer 2. The gas-water separator 3 is equipped with a bottom valve and is connected to 1 circulating water pump 31. The flow rate of the water pump 31 should meet the requirements according to the technical control requirements of the total air volume and the air-water ratio in the range of 2-120. A plurality of quartz tube dielectric barrier discharge exhaust gas plasma processors 4 are vertically installed above the gas-water mixer 2. A 60 mesh stainless steel mesh is tightly attached to the outer wall of each quartz tube (first pipe 42) as a high-voltage electrode 41; each high voltage electrode 41 is connected with a high voltage electrode 41 of a medium frequency high voltage power supply 44 with certain power. A stainless steel pipe (second pipe 43) is installed along the axis of each quartz pipe, and each stainless steel pipe is connected to the ground electrode of the high-voltage power supply as the ground electrode of the exhaust gas plasma processor 4. The upper end of the grounding electrode of each stainless steel pipe (the second pipeline 43) in the waste gas plasma processor 4 is provided with a water distributor 7; the lower end of each stainless steel pipe ground electrode is connected with a circulating water pump 31 of the gas-water separator 3 by a pipe. After the water pump 31 is started up for the aqueous solution absorbing the waste gas in the gas-water separator 3, the aqueous solution is driven into the stainless steel pipe grounding electrode working in each waste gas plasma processor 4 at equal flow rate under the control of the flowmeter, water flows from bottom to top to the water distributor 7 at the top end of the water flow to form a vertical downflow water film along the outer wall of the electrode, and the vertical downflow water film and the waste gas flow which is evenly distributed from the gas-water mixer and is absorbed by the discharge water and rises are oppositely fed into the discharge area of each working quartz pipe to carry out plasma oxidation treatment. A sealing device 5 is processed outside the waste gas plasma processor 4 by a PP plate and is responsible for isolating the high-voltage discharge areas of all quartz tubes in the waste gas plasma processor 4 from the external environment; the sealer 5 includes a VOCs filter 51, an ozone induced draft fan 52, and an ozone induced draft pipe 53. The VOCs filter 51 is filled with a certain amount of activated carbon profiles (which can be replaced periodically) for adsorbing VOCs in the ambient air entering the sealer 5, so as to avoid the high concentration VOCs accumulated inside the sealer 5 and cause explosion of the exhaust gas treatment device. Ozone induced draft fan 52 is responsible for sending ozone generated by the discharge of high-voltage electrode 41 in the sealed box body into the main pipe of the waste gas to pre-oxidize the waste gas; according to the design requirement, the outlet wind pressure of the ozone induced draft fan 52 is higher than the wind pressure of the main pipe, and a check valve is arranged to prevent the exhaust gas of the main pipe VOCs from flowing back into the high-voltage discharge area of the exhaust gas plasma processor 4. A demisting reflux device 6 inclined by 55-65 degrees to a stainless steel pipe grounding electrode is arranged in the area between the upper part of the inner wall discharge area of each quartz pipe and the lower part of the water distributor 7 in the waste gas plasma processor 4 and is used for intercepting and removing fog drops in the processed waste gas flow; the generated defogging water and the water film are parallel to each other and flow back to the gas-water mixer 2 for recycling. The purification system also includes an automatic water compensator and VOCs sensor and meter control system 9. The instrument control system 9 consists of a control system related to the electromagnetic valve by instructions of a liquid level sensor, an air quantity sensor and a VOCs monitoring sensor. The liquid level sensor is arranged in the gas-water separator 3 and is used for supplementing water and issuing a command for stopping supplementing water; the air quantity sensor is used for monitoring the air quantity and issuing instructions for determining the working quantity of the discharge tube; VOCs, ozone and nitrogen oxide monitoring sensors are installed at the air outlet of the exhaust gas plasma processor 4, and the concentration of related indexes in exhaust gas is monitored in real time. According to the concentration of VOCs, ozone and nitrogen oxides monitored in real time, the discharge voltage and the gas/water ratio are optimized, so that the exhaust gas of the VOCs can reach the emission standard, and the emission of high-voltage discharge byproducts is reduced to the maximum extent.
The method for operating the organic waste gas purification system comprises the following steps: before the waste gas treatment, the quantity of the working discharge treatment tubes is determined according to the total collected inlet flow of the waste gas at the time, and related parameters are set to control the inlet air and the inlet water quantity of each working discharge tube to be consistent. The water pump 31 is started in advance to corresponding flow so that the air/water ratio is in the range of 2-120; starting a high-voltage power supply and adjusting the discharge voltage of the high-voltage power supply to the working voltage of the waste gas plasma processor 4 capable of stably discharging, and enabling the water absorption system to stably operate for 5min; then the ozone induced draft fan 52 is started; finally, the VOCs waste gas induced draft fan 11 is started. Thus, a complete water film/quartz tube double-dielectric barrier discharge plasma organic waste gas purifying technology and device are formed. According to the exhaust emission source height and the emission characteristics of the factory VOCs waste gas (such as pollutant types, strong emission sources and the like), and the specified requirements of the exhaust emission source height and the factory VOCs waste gas emission characteristics reach the limit value in the integrated emission standard of atmospheric pollutants (GB 16297), the real-time flow of the waste gas and the VOCs monitoring sensor are used as real-time control instructions, and the technical parameters of the waste gas treatment system are set, so that the whole system is in a fully automatic control state. The waste gas treatment system and the selected relevant equipment can be designed according to the actual requirements of users and the optimized gas/water ratio range, and the water film/quartz tube double-dielectric barrier discharge plasma organic waste gas purification device after parameter optimization can meet the treatment requirements of different types of industrial organic waste gas.
Comparative example: and (5) analyzing the purifying effect of direct discharge of the anhydrous quartz tube on the waste gas containing the dimethylbenzene.
The discharge treatment and effect test experiment is carried out on the industrial waste gas containing the dimethylbenzene by adopting the technology and the small test device thereof, wherein the small test device consists of three quartz discharge tubes, and the maximum treatment capacity of the designed waste gas is 0.003m 3 And/min. The experimental results are given in table 1 below. The exhaust gas plasma processor 4 can stably discharge the power supply voltage of 40-60V under the condition of no water absorption, and the intake air concentration of the exhaust gas plasma processor 4 is 400mg/m 3 And (3) carrying out discharge treatment on the xylene waste gas, wherein the concentration of the xylene at the gas outlet is lower than the emission standard. However, the concentration of total volatile organic compounds TVOC at the air outlet is obviously increased after the voltage exceeds 50V, and the discharge working voltage range of 50V-60V exceeds the allowable discharge standard of TVOC; meanwhile, ozone and nitrogen oxides with higher concentration are monitored at the air outlet.
TABLE 1 purification effect of direct discharge on xylene-containing exhaust gas without water
Example 1: and (5) analyzing the purifying effect of the water film-quartz tube discharge on the waste gas containing the dimethylbenzene.
The discharge treatment and effect test experiment is carried out on the industrial waste gas containing high-concentration xylene under the condition of controlling the gas-water ratio by adopting the technology and the small test device thereof. During experiments, the working voltage of the high-voltage power supply is controlled to be 50V, and the inlet concentration of the dimethylbenzene is controlled to be 1000mg/m 3 . Experiments show that when water is absorbed, the gas-water ratio can obviously influence the treatment effect of the plasma. The experimental results are given in table 2 below. When the gas-water ratio is 2 and the water inflow of the water pump 31 is larger and the water film is thicker, the water film-high-pressure discharge plasma treatment technology is adopted to carry out discharge treatment on the high-concentration xylene waste gas, and after the waste gas is purified by the waste gas plasma processor 4, the concentration of the xylene at the air outlet is slightly higher than the emission standard; when the air-water ratio is increased to more than 4 and the water inflow of the water pump 31 is reduced until 120, the proper thickness of the water film is controlled, and the treatment effect of the waste gas can be effectively improved. In the gas-water ratio range of 2-120, the concentration of xylene at the gas outlet is equal to that of the catalystBelow emission standards. Meanwhile, when water absorption and high-voltage discharge are carried out, the concentration of total volatile organic compounds TVOC at the air outlet is lower than that of dimethylbenzene; although ozone and nitrogen oxides can be detected at a certain concentration at the gas outlet, the concentrations of ozone and nitrogen oxides are both significantly lower than those in the case of anhydrous absorption.
TABLE 2 Water film-Quartz tube discharge purifying Effect on xylene-containing exhaust gas (average monitoring concentration for 6h of run)
Example 2: and analyzing the long-term purifying effect of the water film-quartz tube discharge on the waste gas containing the dimethylbenzene.
The discharge treatment and effect test experiment is carried out on the industrial waste gas containing high-concentration xylene under the condition of controlling the gas-water ratio by adopting the technology and the small test device thereof. During experiments, the working voltage of the high-voltage power supply is controlled to be 50V, and the inlet concentration of the dimethylbenzene is controlled to be 1000mg/m 3 . Experiments show that the technical system operates for a long time in a proper gas-water ratio for 6 days, has ideal treatment effect on waste gas and operates stably. Meanwhile, the phenomenon of accumulation of organic matters in water (the concentration of xylene and total organic carbon TOC in water is very low) is not found; the nitrate and nitrite in water do not accumulate (the nitrate concentration in water increases with the increase of the concentration of the inlet xylene, but is maintained within 50mg/L, and the nitrite is detected occasionally and the concentration is lower).
The experimental results are given in table 3 below. And in the range of 4-50 of the gas-water ratio, the water film-high pressure discharge plasma treatment technology is adopted to carry out discharge treatment on the high-concentration xylene waste gas for 6 days, and after the waste gas is purified by the waste gas plasma processor 4, the concentration of the xylene at the gas outlet is lower than the emission standard. The concentration of total volatile organic compounds TVOC at the air outlet is lower than that of dimethylbenzene; ozone and nitrogen oxides of lower concentration are detected at the gas outlet. Simultaneously, the concentration of dimethylbenzene and total organic carbon TOC in water is lower than 10mg/L; the nitrate and nitrite in the water do not accumulate, the nitrate fluctuates in the range of 20-40mg/L, and the nitrite is detected occasionally.
TABLE 3 Water film-Quartz tube discharge purifying Effect on xylene-containing exhaust gas (average monitoring concentration for run 6 d)
Example 3: and analyzing the purification effect of the phenol-containing waste gas in the chemical synthesis workshop.
The treatment test of phenol-containing waste gas in chemical synthesis workshops was performed by using the technique and the small test device, and the experimental results are shown in the following table 4. As can be seen from the table, the phenol content of the exhaust gas stream during the experiment was approximately 1000mg/m 3 And the gas-water ratio is controlled within the range of 2-120, and the concentration of phenol and TVOC in the tail gas of the system exhaust outlet can meet the requirement limit value of the emission standard within the range of design processing capacity. The experimental results show that the technology has good purifying effect on waste gas containing phenol with higher concentration.
TABLE 4 purification effect of the technical apparatus on phenol-containing waste gas (gas flow temperature 45 ℃ C.)
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully explaining the present application, and the scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on the present application, and are intended to be within the scope of the present application. The protection scope of the application is subject to the claims.
Claims (7)
1. An organic waste gas purifying system is characterized by comprising a gas-water mixer and a gas-water separator which is positioned at the lower side of the gas-water mixer and is communicated with the gas-water mixer, wherein the gas-water mixer is provided with a waste gas inlet, the upper side of the gas-water mixer is provided with at least one waste gas plasma processor,
the waste gas plasma processor comprises a first pipeline, a second pipeline positioned in the first pipeline, and a high-voltage electrode attached to the outer wall of the first pipeline, wherein the lower end of the first pipeline is communicated with the gas-water mixer, the lower end of the second pipeline is communicated with the gas-water separator, the upper end of the second pipeline is provided with a water distributor, the water distributor is used for distributing water in the second pipeline to the outer wall of the second pipeline, a water film layer flowing downwards is formed on the outer wall of the second pipeline, a discharge area for the waste gas to pass through from bottom to top is formed between the first pipeline and the second pipeline, the upper end of the first pipeline is also provided with a demisting reflux device for removing water in the waste gas in the discharge area, the water in the waste gas flows to the outer wall of the second pipeline, the first pipeline is made of quartz or ceramic material, the second pipeline is made of conductive corrosion-resistant material, the second pipeline is made of a water-water film layer flowing downwards, the first pipeline and the second pipeline is closely attached to the water pipe of the water film layer of the stainless steel pipeline, and the water film layer is closely attached to the water film layer of the water-water film layer;
the purification system also comprises a sealer, the waste gas plasma processor is sealed in the sealer, the sealer is communicated with the gas-water mixer through an ozone induced draft tube, an ozone induced draft fan for conveying gas in the sealer to the gas-water mixer is arranged on the ozone induced draft tube, a vent communicated with the external environment is further arranged on the sealer, and a VOCs filter is arranged at the vent.
2. The organic waste gas purifying system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper end of the first pipe of the waste gas plasma processor is connected to a draft tube, and a draft fan is further provided on the draft tube.
3. An organic waste gas purifying system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said waste gas plasma processor further comprises an intermediate frequency high voltage power supply, said high voltage electrode is connected to said high voltage electrode of said intermediate frequency high voltage power supply, and said second conduit is connected to said ground electrode of said intermediate frequency high voltage power supply.
4. An organic waste gas purifying system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said purifying system further comprises a liquid level sensor installed in the gas-water separator, a gas monitoring sensor installed at an outlet of the waste gas plasma processor, and an automatic water replenishing device for replenishing water into said gas-water separator.
5. An exhaust gas purifying method using the organic exhaust gas purifying system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the purifying method comprises the steps of:
(1) Firstly, water in a gas-water separator is conveyed into a second pipeline by a water pump, water flow entering the second pipeline flows into a water distributor from bottom to top to flow back along the outer wall of the second pipeline to form a vertical downward water film layer, and the water film layer passes through the gas-water mixer under the action of gravity and falls into the gas-water separator;
(2) Starting a high-voltage power supply, forming a high-voltage discharge area between the first pipeline and the second pipeline, and discharging the water film layer passing through the discharge area at high voltage;
(3) Then, starting an induced draft fan to enable waste gas to enter the gas-water mixer from the waste gas inlet, mixing the VOCs waste gas with discharged deionized water in the gas-water mixer, fully absorbing the waste gas after pre-oxidation, enabling the water solution absorbing the VOCs to flow into the gas-water separator by gravity to perform gas-water separation, enabling the rising waste gas flow after water absorption to enter a discharge area of a waste gas plasma processor to perform plasma oxidation treatment, and enabling the waste gas flow to be further absorbed at an interface of discharge water;
(4) And starting an ozone induced draft fan, and conveying waste gas generated in the sealer into the gas-water mixer through an ozone induced draft pipe.
6. The method for purifying exhaust gas according to claim 5, further comprising the step (5), wherein the treated gas flow is subjected to mist interception and removal by a mist removal reflux device arranged at the upper end of the exhaust gas plasma processor, and the generated defogging water containing secondary pollutants in plasma treatment and the water film on the outer layer of the second pipeline are subjected to parallel flow and then reflux to the gas-water mixer for recycling.
7. The method of purifying exhaust gas according to claim 6, wherein the gas-water mixer has a gas/water volume ratio of 2 to 100.
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